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Gui J, Azad MAK, Lin W, Meng C, Hu X, Cui Y, Lan W, He J, Kong X. Dietary supplementation with Chinese herb ultrafine powder improves intestinal morphology and physical barrier function by altering jejunal microbiota in laying hens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1185806. [PMID: 37260679 PMCID: PMC10227515 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1185806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chinese medicinal herbs play important roles in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. However, the effects of Chinese herb ultrafine powder (CHUP) on laying hens still need to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary CHUP supplementation on jejunal morphology, physical barrier function, and microbiota in laying hens. Methods A total of 576 Xinyang black-feather laying hens (300 days old) were randomly assigned into eight groups, with eight replicates per group and nine hens per replicate. The hens were fed a basal diet (control group) and a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Leonuri herba (LH group), 0.25% Ligustri lucidi fructus (LF group), 0.25% Taraxaci herba (TH group), 0.5% LH + 0.25% LF (LH-LF group), 0.5% LH + 0.25% TH (LH-TH group), 0.25% LF + 0.25% TH (LF-TH group), and 0.5% LH + 0.25% LF + 0.25% TH (LH-LF-TH group), respectively, for 120 days. Results The results showed that dietary LH-LF and LH-LF-TH supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio of laying hens. Dietary LF-TH supplementation up-regulated jejunal claudin-5 expression, while LH supplementation up-regulated jejunal claudin-1 expression and increased the jejunal abundances of potentially beneficial bacteria related to short-chain fatty acids and bacteriocins production, such as Blautia, Carnobacterium, Clostridiales, and Erysipelotrichales (p < 0.05). In addition, dietary LH supplementation enriched (p < 0.05) the tetracycline biosynthesis, butirosin/neomycin biosynthesis, and D-arginine/D-ornithine metabolism, whereas steroid biosynthesis and limonene/pinene degradation were enriched (p < 0.05) in the LH-LF and LH-LF-TH groups. Moreover, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed the potential correlation between the abundance of the jejunal microbiota and jejunal morphology and the physical barrier function of laying hens. Discussion Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary CHUP supplementation could enhance the beneficial bacteria abundance, physical barrier function, and metabolic function associated with short-chain fatty acids and bacteriocins production. Moreover, combined supplementation of dietary CHUP showed better effects than the sole CHUP supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Gui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Md Abul Kalam Azad
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenchao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yadong Cui
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Lan
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Jianhua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Shen-Shuai-Ning granule decreased serum concentrations of indoxyl sulphate in uremic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171694. [PMID: 29921575 PMCID: PMC6137246 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Clearance of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) by dialysis is a challenge in the treatment of uremic patients. Shen-Shuai-Ning (SSN), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, has been used commonly in China to retard kidney disease progression and decrease uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, but the effects of SSN on serum PBUTs in dialysis patients were not investigated. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) at dialysis center of Changzheng Hospital to evaluate the effects of SSN on serum PBUTs. Participants with SSN intervention took 5 g SSN granule three times daily for 12 weeks, while the baseline medications and dialysis prescriptions remained during the study in all patients. The serum concentrations of indoxyl sulphate (IS) and p-cresol sulphate (PCS) were determined by HPLC/MS/MS and biochemical parameters were assessed during the study. Sixty PD patients were enrolled and randomly allocated into SSN group and control group. Total IS level was significantly lower in SSN group than in control group at week 4, 8, and 12 (27.28 ± 18.19, 29.73 ± 19.10, and 29.41 ± 17.61 mg/l compared with 39.25 ± 20.23, 44.86 ± 23.91, and 45.34 ± 33.52 mg/l, respectively). However, there were no statistical difference of total PCS, free forms of IS and PCS concentrations between SSN group and control group during 12 weeks follow-up. Administration of SSN granule orally decreased serum total IS level effectively in uremic patients on PD with good tolerance. Benefits of PD patients’ outcomes from IS reduction by SSN awaits further large size and long duration clinical trials to verify.
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Song T, Guo X, Shao L, Sun M, Romeiro FG, Han D, Bao W, Qi X. A systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment for hepatorenal syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 3:57. [PMID: 30225390 PMCID: PMC6131225 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2018.08.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a life-threatening complication of end-stage liver diseases. It has been reported that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may improve liver function, delay disease progression, alleviate symptoms, and improve quality of life in HRS patients. The study aims to systematically review the efficacy of TCM for the treatment of HRS. METHODS Publications were searched electronically from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, and EMBASE databases. Odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias. RESULTS Fourteen randomized controlled trials involving 788 patients with HRS were included. Random generation sequence was reported in only two studies. Blinding was not used in any study. Compared to conventional treatment without TCM, TCM led to a significant survival benefit during hospitalization (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08-0.39; P<0.0001), a significantly higher complete response (OR: 3.20; 95% CI: 2.06-4.97; P<0.00001), and a significantly lower no response (OR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.14-0.30; P<0.00001). Partial response was not significantly different between the two groups (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.90-2.15; P=0.14). Regardless of TCM, blood urea nitrogen and abdominal circumference were significantly decreased, and urine volume was significantly increased after treatment. Compared to conventional treatment without TCM, TCM led to a significantly lower serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, bilirubin, plasma ammonia, and abdominal circumference and significantly higher urine volume after treatment. There was significant heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS TCM might have a better survival and a higher complete response in patients with HRS. However, the quality of published studies was unsatisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxue Song
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, Shenyang 110016, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Xiaozhong Guo
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lichun Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | - Dan Han
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenchun Bao
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xingshun Qi
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area, Shenyang 110016, China
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Zeng YQ, Dai Z, Lu F, Lu Z, Liu X, Chen C, Qu P, Li D, Hua Z, Qu Y, Zou C. Emodin via colonic irrigation modulates gut microbiota and reduces uremic toxins in rats with chronic kidney disease. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17468-78. [PMID: 27003359 PMCID: PMC4951226 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a dual role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is closely linked to production of uremic toxins. Strategies of reducing uremic toxins by targeting gut microbiota are emerging. It is known that Chinese medicine rhubarb enema can reduce uremic toxins and improve renal function. However, it remains unknown which ingredient or mechanism mediates its effect. Here we utilized a rat CKD model of 5/6 nephrectomy to evaluate the effect of emodin, a main ingredient of rhubarb, on gut microbiota and uremic toxins in CKD. Emodin was administered via colonic irrigation at 5ml (1mg/day) for four weeks. We found that emodin via colonic irrigation (ECI) altered levels of two important uremic toxins, urea and indoxyl sulfate (IS), and changed gut microbiota in rats with CKD. ECI remarkably reduced urea and IS and improved renal function. Pyrosequencing and Real-Time qPCR analyses revealed that ECI resumed the microbial balance from an abnormal status in CKD. We also demonstrated that ten genera were positively correlated with Urea while four genera exhibited the negative correlation. Moreover, three genera were positively correlated with IS. Therefore, emodin altered the gut microbiota structure. It reduced the number of harmful bacteria, such as Clostridium spp. that is positively correlated with both urea and IS, but augmented the number of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus spp. that is negatively correlated with urea. Thus, changes in gut microbiota induced by emodin via colonic irrigation are closely associated with reduction in uremic toxins and mitigation of renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qun Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Dai
- Section of Immunology, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Cha Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Pinghua Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Dingcheng Li
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Zhengshuang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yanni Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chuan Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Haiyu X, Yang S, Yanqiong Z, Qiang J, Defeng L, Yi Z, Feng L, Hongjun Y. Identification of key active constituents of Buchang Naoxintong capsules with therapeutic effects against ischemic stroke by using an integrative pharmacology-based approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 12:233-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00460h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Integrative pharmacology has been used to identify the key active constituents (KACs) of Buchang Naoxintong capsules (BNCs), a traditional Chinese medical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Haiyu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Beijing, China
| | - Shi Yang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine
- Xi'an, China
| | - Zhang Yanqiong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Beijing, China
| | - Jia Qiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Beijing, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ji'nan, China
| | - Li Defeng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Yi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Beijing, China
| | - Liu Feng
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine
- Xi'an, China
- Natural Medicines and Engineering Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine
- Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Hongjun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Beijing, China
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Lu Z, Zeng Y, Lu F, Liu X, Zou C. Rhubarb Enema Attenuates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats by Alleviating Indoxyl Sulfate Overload. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144726. [PMID: 26671452 PMCID: PMC4684395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the effects of rhubarb enema treatment using a 5/6 nephrectomized rat model and study its mechanisms. Methods Twenty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group (n = 8), 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6Nx) (n = 10), and 5/6Nx with rhubarb enema treatment (n = 10). The rhubarb enema was continuous for 1.0 month. Serum creatinine, serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) level, renal pathology, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and renal oxidative stress were assessed. Results 5/6Nx rats showed increasing levels of serum creatinine and severe pathological lesions. Their serum creatinine levels obviously decreased after rhubarb enema treatment (P < 0.05 vs 5/6Nx group). The administration of rhubarb enema attenuated the histopathological changes in 5/6Nx rats. In addition, 5/6Nx rats showed an enhanced extent of tubulointerstitial fibrosis compared with sham rats, and administration of rhubarb enema to 5/6Nx rats ameliorated tubulointerstitial fibrosis. 5/6Nx rats showed increased serum levels of IS, renal oxidative stress, and NF-κB compared with sham rats, whereas administration of rhubarb enema to 5/6Nx rats decreased serum levels of IS, renal oxidative stress, and NF-κB levels. Conclusion Rhubarb enema treatment ameliorates tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the kidneys of 5/6Nx rats, most likely by alleviating IS overload and reducing kidney oxidative stress and inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Lu
- National Key Unit of Clinical Research of TCM on Chronic Kidney Diseases, Key Unit of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R.China
| | - Yuqun Zeng
- National Key Unit of Clinical Research of TCM on Chronic Kidney Diseases, Key Unit of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R.China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- National Key Unit of Clinical Research of TCM on Chronic Kidney Diseases, Key Unit of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R.China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- National Key Unit of Clinical Research of TCM on Chronic Kidney Diseases, Key Unit of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R.China
| | - Chuan Zou
- National Key Unit of Clinical Research of TCM on Chronic Kidney Diseases, Key Unit of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R.China
- * E-mail:
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Colon may provide new therapeutic targets for treatment of chronic kidney disease with Chinese medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:86-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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