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Sharma R, Diwan B. Lipids and the hallmarks of ageing: From pathology to interventions. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 215:111858. [PMID: 37652278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are critical structural and functional architects of cellular homeostasis. Change in systemic lipid profile is a clinical indicator of underlying metabolic pathologies, and emerging evidence is now defining novel roles of lipids in modulating organismal ageing. Characteristic alterations in lipid metabolism correlate with age, and impaired systemic lipid profile can also accelerate the development of ageing phenotype. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the extent of lipids as regulators of the modern hallmarks of ageing viz., cellular senescence, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, telomere attrition, genome instability, proteostasis and autophagy, epigenetic alterations, and stem cells dysfunctions. Current evidence on the modulation of each of these hallmarks has been discussed with emphasis on inherent age-dependent deficiencies in lipid metabolism as well as exogenous lipid changes. There appears to be sufficient evidence to consider impaired lipid metabolism as key driver of the ageing process although much of knowledge is yet fragmented. Considering dietary lipids, the type and quantity of lipids in the diet is a significant, but often overlooked determinant that governs the effects of lipids on ageing. Further research using integrative approaches amidst the known aging hallmarks is highly desirable for understanding the therapeutics of lipids associated with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Nutrigerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India.
| | - Bhawna Diwan
- Nutrigerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
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2
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He B, Chen D, Zhang X, Yang R, Yang Y, Chen P, Shen Z. Antiatherosclerotic effects of corilagin via suppression of the LOX-1/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Nat Med 2022; 76:389-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ganguly K, Kishore U, Madan T. Interplay between C-type lectin receptors and microRNAs in cellular homeostasis and immune response. FEBS J 2020; 288:4210-4229. [PMID: 33085815 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) belong to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). They have a critical role to play in the regulation of a range of physiological functions including development, respiration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immunity. CLRs can recognize distinct and conserved exogenous pathogen-associated as well as endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns. These interactions set off downstream signaling cascades, leading to the production of inflammatory mediators, activation of effector immune cells as well as regulation of the developmental and physiological homeostasis. CLR signaling must be tightly controlled to circumvent the excessive inflammatory burden and to maintain the cellular homeostasis. Recently, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be important regulators of expression of CLRs and their downstream signaling. The delicate balance between miRNAs and CLRs seems crucial in almost all aspects of multicellular life. Any dysregulations in the miRNA-CLR axes may lead to tumorigenesis or inflammatory diseases. Here, we present an overview of the current understanding of the central role of miRNAs in the regulation of CLR expression, profoundly impacting upon homeostasis and immunity, and thus, development of therapeutics against immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Ganguly
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
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4
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Koushki K, Shahbaz SK, Mashayekhi K, Sadeghi M, Zayeri ZD, Taba MY, Banach M, Al-Rasadi K, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Anti-inflammatory Action of Statins in Cardiovascular Disease: the Role of Inflammasome and Toll-Like Receptor Pathways. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 60:175-199. [PMID: 32378144 PMCID: PMC7985098 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one type of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in which activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways is implicated. One of the most effective treatments for atherosclerosis is the use of statin medications. Recent studies have indicated that statins, in addition to their lipid-lowering effects, exert inhibitory and/or stimulatory effects on the NLRP3 inflammasome and TLRs. Some of the statins lead to activation of the inflammasome and subsequently cause secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. Thus, these actions may further aggravate the disease. On the other hand, some statins cause inhibition of the inflammasome or TLRs and along with lipid-lowering, help to improve the disease by reducing inflammation. In this article, we discuss these contradictory studies and the mechanisms of action of statins on the NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR pathways. The dose-dependent effects of statins on the NLRP3 complex are related to their chemistry, pharmacokinetic properties, and danger signals. Lipophilic statins have more pleiotropic effects on the NLRP3 complex in comparison to hydrophilic statins. Statins can suppress TLR4/MyD88/NF-ĸB signaling and cause an immune response shift to an anti-inflammatory response. Furthermore, statins inhibit the NF-ĸB pathway by decreasing the expression of TLRs 2 and 4. Statins are cost-effective drugs, which should have a continued future in the treatment of atherosclerosis due to both their immune-modulating and lipid-lowering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Koushki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kazem Mashayekhi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahvash Sadeghi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Deris Zayeri
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- Medical Research Centre, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Wang S, Xie X, Lei T, Zhang K, Lai B, Zhang Z, Guan Y, Mao G, Xiao L, Wang N. Statins Attenuate Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Oxidized LDL or TNF α in Vascular Endothelial Cells through a PXR-Dependent Mechanism. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:256-264. [PMID: 28546421 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.108100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in cardiovascular diseases. Statins exert an anti-inflammatory effect independent of their cholesterol-lowering effect. This study investigated the potential role of statins in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in endothelial cells (ECs). Western blotting and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in ECs. Simvastatin or mevastatin significantly suppressed the effects of ox-LDL or TNFα Promoter reporter assays and small interfering RNA knockdown revealed that statins inhibit ox-LDL-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the pregnane X receptor (PXR). In addition, PXR agonists (rifampicin and SR12813) or overexpression of a constitutively active PXR markedly suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Conversely, PXR knockdown abrogated the suppressive effect of rifampicin on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Knockdown of lectin-like ox-LDL receptor or overexpression of IκBα-attenuated ox-LDL- or TNFα-triggered activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that mevastatin inhibited nuclear factor-κB binding to the promoter regions of the human NLRP3 gene. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the statin activation of PXR inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in response to atherogenic stimuli such as ox-LDL and TNFα in ECs, providing a new mechanism for the cardiovascular benefit of statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolan Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Xinya Xie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Ting Lei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Kang Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Baochang Lai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Youfei Guan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Guangmei Mao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Lei Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
| | - Nanping Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an , People's Republic of China (S.W., X.X., T.L., K.Z., B.L., Z.Z., L.X., N.W.); The Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China (Y.G., N.W.); and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (G.M.)
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Liu M, Tao G, Liu Q, Liu K, Yang X. MicroRNA let-7g alleviates atherosclerosis via the targeting of LOX-1 in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:57-64. [PMID: 28535009 PMCID: PMC5466378 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial disease and the leading cause of stroke and myocardial infarction. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been reported to act as essential modulators during the progression of atherosclerosis. Although miR-let-7g has been demonstrated to contribute to maintaining endothelial function and vascular homeostasis, it is not known whether miR-let-7g exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of miR-let-7g on atherosclerosis in vivo and in vitro and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Data from our study showed that exogenous lectin‑like oxidized low‑density lipoprotein receptor‑1 (LOX-1 or OLR1) overexpression resulted in the significant promotion of proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), whereas such changes induced by LOX-1 were obviously suppressed by transfection of miR‑let‑7g. We later confirmed that LOX-1 is a potential target of miR-let-7g, and miR-let-7g markedly inhibited LOX-1 expression in ASMCs by directly binding to the 3' untranslated region of LOX-1. Furthermore, in a hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mouse model, intravenous delivery of miR-let-7g mimics obviously attenuated high-fat diet-induced neointima formation and atherosclerotic lesions, accompanied by the significant downregulation of LOX-1, which was consistent with the effect of miR-let-7g on ASMCs. Taken together, our data revealed that miR-let-7g exhibits anti-atherosclerotic activity, at least partially by targeting the LOX-1 signaling pathway. This study suggests that miR-let-7g may be a therapeutic candidate for treating atherosclerosis, and provides novel insight into miRNA-based therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Liu
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Guizhou Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Qifeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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Ran X, Zhao W, Li W, Shi J, Chen X. Cryptotanshinone inhibits TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in endothelial cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 20:347-55. [PMID: 27382351 PMCID: PMC4930903 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.4.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone (CPT) is a natural compound isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. In the present study, the regulatory effect and potential mechanisms of CPT on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced lectin-like receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein (LOX-1) were investigated. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and the effect of TNF-α on LOX-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels was determined by Real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. The formation of intracellular ROS was determined with fluorescence probe CM-DCFH2-DA. The endothelial ox-LDL uptake was evaluated with DiI-ox-LDL. The effect of CPT on LOX-1 expression was also evaluated with SD rats. TNF-α induced LOX-1 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner in endothelial cells. TNF-α induced ROS formation, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK, and LOX-1 expression, which were suppressed by rotenone, DPI, NAC, and CPT. NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 and ERK inhibitor PD98059 inhibited TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression. CPT and NAC suppressed TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK in rat aorta. These data suggested that TNF-α induced LOX-1 expression via ROS activated NF-κB/ERK pathway, which could be inhibited by CPT. This study provides new insights for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ran
- Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau 999078, Macao, China
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau 999078, Macao, China
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Wang Z, Li P, Wang C, Jiang Q, Zhang L, Cao Y, Zhong W, Wang C. Protective effects of Arctium lappa L. root extracts (AREs) on high fat diet induced quail atherosclerosis. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:6. [PMID: 26746431 PMCID: PMC4706685 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-0987-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of Arctium lappa L. root extracts (AREs) from different extraction methods (aqueous, ethanol, chloroform and flavone) on atherosclerosis. METHODS Quails (Coturnix coturnix) were subjected to high fat diet, with or without one of the four different AREs or positive control simvastatin. Blood samples were collected before treatment, after 4.5 weeks or ten weeks to assess lipid profile (Levels of total cholesterol (TC), Triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)). After ten weeks, the serum levels of nitric oxide (NO) as well as antioxidant and pro-oxidative status (Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) were measured. Furthermore, aortas were collected after ten weeks treatment, aorta lipid contents (TC, TG and LDL) were assessed, and histology was used to confirm atherosclerotic changes. RESULTS The results indicated that high fat diet significantly deteriorated lipid profile and antioxidant status in quail serum, while all the extracts significantly reverted the changes similar to simvastatin. Aorta lipid profile assessment revealed similar results. Histology on aortas from quails treated for ten weeks confirmed atherosclerotic changes in high fat diet group, while the extracts significantly alleviated the atherosclerotic changes similar to simvastatin. Among the different extracts, flavones fraction exerted best protective effects. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the protective effects of AREs were medicated via hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant effects. Underlying molecular mechanisms are under investigation.
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Morini E, Rizzacasa B, Pucci S, Polidoro C, Ferrè F, Caporossi D, Helmer Citterich M, Novelli G, Amati F. The human rs1050286 polymorphism alters LOX-1 expression through modifying miR-24 binding. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 20:181-7. [PMID: 26542080 PMCID: PMC4717858 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The up‐regulation of lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 (LOX‐1), encoded by the OLR1 gene, plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Moreover, OLR1 polymorphisms were associated with increased susceptibility to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and coronary artery diseases (CAD). In these pathologies, the identification of therapeutic approaches that can inhibit or reduce LOX‐1 overexpression is crucial. Predictive analysis showed a putative hsa‐miR‐24 binding site in the 3′UTR of OLR1, ‘naturally’ mutated by the presence of the rs1050286 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Luciferase assays revealed that miR‐24 targets OLR1 3′UTR‐G, but not 3′UTR‐A (P < 0.0005). The functional relevance of miR‐24 in regulating the expression of OLR1 was established by overexpressing miR‐24 in human cell lines heterozygous (A/G, HeLa) and homozygous (A/A, HepG2) for rs1050286 SNP. Accordingly, HeLa (A/G), but not HepG2 (A/A), showed a significant down‐regulation of OLR1 both at RNA and protein level. Our results indicate that rs1050286 SNP significantly affects miR‐24 binding affinity to the 3′UTR of OLR1, causing a more efficient post‐transcriptional gene repression in the presence of the G allele. On this basis, we considered that OLR1 rs1050286 SNP may contribute to modify OLR1 susceptibility to AMI and CAD, so ORL1 SNPs screening could help to stratify patients risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Morini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Barbara Rizzacasa
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Sabina Pucci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Polidoro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ferrè
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Amati
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
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Aggarwal S, Gheware A, Agrawal A, Ghosh S, Prasher B, Mukerji M. Combined genetic effects of EGLN1 and VWF modulate thrombotic outcome in hypoxia revealed by Ayurgenomics approach. J Transl Med 2015; 13:184. [PMID: 26047609 PMCID: PMC4457985 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extreme constitution "Prakriti" types of Ayurveda exhibit systemic physiological attributes. Our earlier genetic study has revealed differences in EGLN1, key modulator of hypoxia axis between Prakriti types. This was associated with differences in high altitude adaptation and susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). In this study we investigate other molecular differences that contribute to systemic attributes of Prakriti that would be relevant in predictive marker discovery. METHODS Genotyping of 96 individuals of the earlier cohort was carried out in a panel of 2,800 common genic SNPs represented in Indian Genomic Variation Consortium (IGVC) panel from 24 diverse populations. Frequency distribution patterns of Prakriti differentiating variations (FDR correction P < 0.05) was studied in IGVC and 55 global populations (HGDP-CEPH) panels. Genotypic interactions between VWF, identified from the present analysis, and EGLN1 was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression in Prakriti and Indian populations from contrasting altitudes. Spearman's Rank correlation was used to study this genotypic interaction with respect to altitude in HGDP-CEPH panel. Validation of functional link between EGLN1 and VWF was carried out in a mouse model using chemical inhibition and siRNA studies. RESULT Significant differences in allele frequencies were observed in seven genes (SPTA1, VWF, OLR1, UCP2, OR6K3, LEPR, and OR10Z1) after FDR correction (P < 0.05). A non synonymous variation (C/T, rs1063856) associated with thrombosis/bleeding susceptibility respectively, differed significantly between Kapha (C-allele) and Pitta (T-allele) constitution types. A combination of derived EGLN1 allele (HAPE associated) and ancestral VWF allele (thrombosis associated) was significantly high in Kapha group compared to Pitta (p < 10(-5)). The combination of risk-associated Kapha alleles was nearly absent in natives of high altitude. Inhibition of EGLN1 using (DHB) and an EGLN1 specific siRNA in a mouse model lead to a marked increase in vWF levels as well as pro-thrombotic phenotype viz. reduced bleeding time and enhanced platelet count and activation. CONCLUSION We demonstrate for the first time a genetic link between EGLN1 and VWF in a constitution specific manner which could modulate thrombosis/bleeding susceptibility and outcomes of hypoxia. Integration of Prakriti in population stratification may help assemble common variations in key physiological axes that confers differences in disease occurrence and patho-phenotypic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Aggarwal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Atish Gheware
- CSIR's Ayurgenomics Unit-TRISUTRA (Translational Research and Innovative Science ThRough Ayurgenomics), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
| | - Anurag Agrawal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
| | | | - Bhavana Prasher
- CSIR's Ayurgenomics Unit-TRISUTRA (Translational Research and Innovative Science ThRough Ayurgenomics), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
| | - Mitali Mukerji
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India. .,CSIR's Ayurgenomics Unit-TRISUTRA (Translational Research and Innovative Science ThRough Ayurgenomics), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
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Fang Y, Li J, Ding M, Xu X, Zhang J, Jiao P, Han P, Wang J, Yao S. Ethanol extract of propolis protects endothelial cells from oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced injury by inhibiting lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1-mediated oxidative stress. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1678-87. [PMID: 24962173 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214541911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), as the primary oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor on endothelial cells, plays a crucial role in endothelial injury, which is a driving force in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. Our previous studies have shown that ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) promotes reverse cholesterol transport and inhibits atherosclerotic lesion development. However, the protective effects of EEP against ox-LDL-induced injury in endothelial cells and the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that EEP attenuates ox-LDL-induced endothelial oxidative injury via modulation of LOX-1-mediated oxidative stress. Our results showed that exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to ox-LDL (100 mg/L) led to the decrease in cell viability and increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, caspase-3 activation, and apoptosis, whereas pretreatment with EEP (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/L) protected against such damages in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, EEP mitigated ox-LDL uptake by HUVECs and attenuated ox-LDL-upregulated LOX-1 expression both at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, EEP suppressed the ox-LDL-induced oxidative stress as assessed by decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation as well as increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Similar results were observed in the anti-LOX-1 antibody or diphenyleneiodonium (DPI)-pretreated HUVECs. These data indicate that EEP may protect HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced injury and that the mechanism at least partially involves its ability to inhibit endothelial LOX-1 upregulation and subsequent oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Fang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Jinguo Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Mingde Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Ping Han
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Jiafu Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Shutong Yao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
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