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Chighizola CB, Suardi I, Marino A, Gattinara M, Costi S, Cattaneo A, Gerosa M, Caporali R. Belimumab-induced periungual pyogenic granulomas: A case report. Lupus 2024; 33:1017-1021. [PMID: 38860334 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241260180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular neoformation, presenting as a painful red nodule on the skin, mucosa or nail apparatus. It is usually related to local complications such as bleedings and superinfections. The etiology of PG remains still unclear, and several triggers can lead to its formation. In case of multiple lesions, systemic conditions and drugs remain the main causes. Antineoplastic treatments, retinoids, antiretrovirals, hormones and anticonvulsants are frequently implicated in PG formation. In literature, PG has been rarely described in the course of biological treatment due to rheumatological disease. The present case report describes the development of polydactolous PGs in a 21-year-old woman with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) during treatment with belimumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against BlyS. The clinical presentation, in particular the timing and the multiplicity of the lesions, and the improvement after belimumab discontinuation allowed us to consider PG as drug-induced. This case highlights the importance of considering PG as a potential complication of rheumatologic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Suardi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Clinical Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Achille Marino
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gattinara
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Costi
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Cattaneo
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Gerosa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Clinical Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Caporali
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
- Department of Rheumatology and Medical Sciences, Clinical Rheumatology Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
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Prudkin L, Cedirian S, Santamaria J, Jourdan E, Piraccini BM. Exposome Impact on Nail Health. Skin Appendage Disord 2024; 10:186-198. [PMID: 38835707 PMCID: PMC11147530 DOI: 10.1159/000536573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The nail unit is a complex system with various components, each serving distinct functions. The exposome, encompassing external and internal factors such as UV radiation, air pollution, dietary habits, and cosmetic product usage, substantially influences nail health and can lead to premature nail aging. Summary Internal and external exposomal factors can impact differently on nail health, inducing a variety of different clinical conditions. Effective therapeutic strategies exist, but a comprehensive understanding of how the exposome affects nails is lacking. This article aims to bridge this knowledge gap by exploring the relationship between the exposome and nail health, emphasizing it as a central focus of our analysis. Key Messages (1) The exposome, comprising various external and internal factors, may significantly influence nail health negatively, leading to premature nail aging. (2) Different nail conditions may arise due to the exposomal influence on nails. (3) Understanding the exposome's impact on nail health is crucial for developing solutions to mitigate negative effects and improve overall nail well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephano Cedirian
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Eric Jourdan
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Lallas A, Korecka K, Apalla Z, Sgouros D, Liopyris K, Argenziano G, Thomas L. Seven Plus One Steps to Assess Pigmented Nail Bands (Melanonychia Striata Longitudinalis). Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1304a204. [PMID: 37992383 PMCID: PMC10656147 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1304a204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanonychia striata longitudinalis might involve one or more fingers and/or toes and might result from several different causes, including benign and malignant tumors, trauma, infections, and activation of melanocytes that might be reactive or related to the pigmentary trait, drugs and some rare syndromes. This broad differential diagnosis renders the clinical assessment of melanonychia striata particularly challenging. Nail matrix melanoma is relatively rare, occurs almost always in adults involves more frequently the first toe or thumb. The most common nail unit cancer, squamous cell carcinoma / Bowen disease (SCC) of the nail matrix is seldom pigmented. Histopathologic examination remains the gold standard for melanoma and SCC diagnosis, but excisional or partial biopsies from the nail matrix require training and is not routinely performed by the majority of clinicians. Furthermore, the histopathologic evaluation of melanocytic lesions of the nail matrix is particularly challenging, since early melanoma has only bland histopathologic alterations. Dermatoscopy of the nail plate and its free edge significantly improves the clinical diagnosis, since specific patterns have been associated to each one of the causes of melanonychia. Based on knowledge generated and published in the last decades, we propose herein a stepwise diagnostic approach for melanonychia striata longitudinalis: 1) Hemorrhage first 2) Age matters 3) Number of nails matters 4) Free edge matters 5) Brown or gray? 6) Size matters 7) Regular or irregular and, finally, "follow back".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilios Lallas
- First Dermatology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katarzyna Korecka
- Department of Dermatology, Heliodor Swiecicki Clinical Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Zoe Apalla
- Second Dermatology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Sgouros
- Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ATTIKON General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Giuseppe Argenziano
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mentals and Physical Health and Preventive medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luc Thomas
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard-Lyon Lyon, Lyon, France and Lyons cancer research center UMR INSERM U1052 - CNRS5286 - UCBL1 Lyon France
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4
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Abstract
Nail conditions are not only aesthetic concerns, and nail changes may be a clue to an underlying systemic diseases or infection. Without timely treatment, nail diseases can continue to worsen and significantly impair performance of daily activities and reduce quality of life. Examination of the nails is essential at every medical visit, and may uncover important findings. Brittle nail syndrome, onychomycosis, paronychia, nail psoriasis, longitudinal melanonychia, Beau's lines, onychomadesis and retronychia are common nail disorders seen in clinical practice. These conditions stem from infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic and traumatic aetiologies. Though each nail condition presents with its own distinct characteristics, the clinical findings may overlap between different conditions, resulting in misdiagnosis and treatment delays. Patients can present with nail plate changes (e.g. hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, pitting), discolouration, pain and inflammation. The diagnostic work-up of nail disease should include a detailed history and clinical examination of all 20 nail units. Dermoscopy, diagnostic imaging and histopathologic and mycological analyses may be necessary for diagnosis. Nail findings concerning for malignancy should be promptly referred to a dermatologist for evaluation and biopsy. Nail disease management requires a targeted treatment approach. Treatments include topical and/or systemic medications, discontinuation of offending drugs or surgical intervention, depending on the condition. Patient education on proper nail care and techniques to minimize further damage to the affected nails is also important. This article serves to enhance familiarity of the most common nail disorders seen in clinical practice. It will highlight the key clinical manifestations, systematic approaches to diagnosis and treatment options for each nail condition to improve diagnosis and management of nail diseases, as well as patient outcomes.Key messagesNail disease is not only a cosmetic issue, as nail changes can indicate the presence of a serious underlying systemic disease, infection or malignancy.Nail pain and changes associated with NP are physically and emotionally distressing and may contribute to functional impairment and diminished quality of life.LM is a hallmark sign of subungual melanoma and this finding warrants further investigation to rule out malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra K Lee
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine New York, NY, USA
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5
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Coolbrandt A, Vancoille K, Dejaeger E, Peeters H, Laenen A, Neven P, Punie K, Wildiers H. Preventing taxane-related peripheral neuropathy, pain and nail toxicity: a prospective self-controlled trial comparing hilotherapy with frozen gloves in early breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:293-301. [PMID: 34982322 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevention of taxane-related toxicities at the extremities is highly important for patients' treatment and quality-of-life. Several studies endorse hand/foot-cooling using frozen gloves as a prophylactic intervention. Unlike frozen gloves, hilotherapy produces cooling at a constant temperature. Comparative data with frozen gloves are unavailable. METHODS This prospective self-controlled study explores the efficacy of hilotherapy at the right hand and foot compared to frozen gloves at the left in patients with early breast cancer treated with weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 or three-weekly docetaxel 75 mg/m2. Patient-reported outcomes were collected at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 weeks after the start of treatment. Primary and secondary endpoints were the incidence of any-grade and ≥ grade 2 side-effects (peripheral neuropathy, pain and nail toxicities), and perceived comfort of both interventions. RESULTS Sixty-two patients participated. The incidence of any-grade side-effects was similar on both sides, 85.5% with hilotherapy and 90.3% with frozen gloves (p = 1.000). The incidence of ≥ grade 2 side-effects at the extremities was significantly lower with hilotherapy: 43.6% compared to 61.3% with frozen gloves (p = 0.013). Perceived comfort was significantly better for hilotherapy than for frozen gloves (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Compared to frozen gloves, continuous cooling of hands and feet using hilotherapy produces better prevention of ≥ grade 2 patient-reported side-effects at the extremities (peripheral neuropathy, pain and nail toxicities). Perceived comfort was significantly better for hilotherapy. From a clinical and patient perspective, hilotherapy is a better alternative for preventing clinically significant taxane-related side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Coolbrandt
- Department of Oncology Nursing, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - K Vancoille
- Department of Oncology Nursing, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Dejaeger
- Department of Oncology Nursing, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Peeters
- Department of Oncology Nursing, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Laenen
- Interuniversity Centre for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Punie
- Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Wildiers
- Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Azhar AF, Evanson B, Parekh PK. Onychodystrophy following the use of leflunomide for seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14491. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bradley Evanson
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine Bryan Texas USA
- Department of Dermatology Baylor Scott & White Temple Texas USA
| | - Palak K. Parekh
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine Bryan Texas USA
- Department of Dermatology Baylor Scott & White Temple Texas USA
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7
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Sivasankari M, Sinha P. Twenty nail onychomadesis following acute viral hepatitis B infection. JOURNAL OF MARINE MEDICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jmms.jmms_46_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Zawar V, Bondarde S, Pawar M, Sankalecha S. Nail changes due to chemotherapy: a prospective observational study of 129 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1398-1404. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Zawar
- Department of Dermatology MVP's Dr.Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Nashik India
| | - S. Bondarde
- Shatabdi Multispecialty Hospital Nashik India
| | - M. Pawar
- Department of Dermatology MVP's Dr.Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Nashik India
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9
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Abstract
Sparfloxacin, a synthetic, second generation, broad spectrum aminodifluoroquinolone antibiotic, has excellent penetration into respiratory tissues and has good activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical bacteria. Although it is indicated for the treatment of adult community-acquired pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, its use has been limited by phototoxicity which is more common with it than with other quinolones. We report a case of a 20-year-old Nigerian woman who developed a diffuse blue-black nail pigmentation of thumb and big toe nails, 2 weeks after completing therapy with sparfloxacin, and a recurrence of the pigmentation in the same nails 1 year after taking the drug again. We think this is likely a case of subungual fixed drug eruption. We briefly discuss the causes and mechanisms of drug-induced nail pigmentation in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husain Yahya
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria
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10
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Idiopathic Sporadic Onychomadesis of Toenails. Case Rep Dermatol Med 2016; 2016:6451327. [PMID: 27437152 PMCID: PMC4942622 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6451327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Onychomadesis is a clinical sign of nail plate separation due to transient or permanent arrest of nail matrix activities. Onychomadesis can be considered as a severe form of Beau's line. This condition usually occurs after trauma, causal diseases, or medications, yet it rarely occurs as an idiopathic condition. We report a case of a 38-year-old Thai female who developed recurrence onychomadesis in several toenails in the absence of predisposing factors or associated conditions. To the best of our knowledge, our patient is the first reported case of idiopathic onychomadesis limited to toenails.
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11
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Castilla-Guerra L, Coronel-Pérez IM, Rodríguez-Rey EM. [Onychomadesis: An unusual sign of alarm in the elderly]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2016; 51:183-184. [PMID: 26548847 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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12
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Hardin J, Haber R. Onychomadesis: literature review. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:592-6. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Hardin
- Division of Dermatology; Richmond Road Diagnostic and Treatment Centre; University of Calgary; 1820 Richmond Road SW Calgary AB T2T5C7 Canada
| | - R.M. Haber
- Division of Dermatology; Richmond Road Diagnostic and Treatment Centre; University of Calgary; 1820 Richmond Road SW Calgary AB T2T5C7 Canada
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13
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Abstract
Nail abnormalities can arise in conjunction with or as a result of systematic pathologies. These pathologies include single-organ diseases, multisystemic diseases, and drug-induced insults. Clinical signs associated with these conditions include dyschromias, vascular alterations, periungual tissue changes, textural dystrophies, contour alterations, and growth-rate alterations. The associated systemic pathologies may affect any part of the nail apparatus, including the nail matrix, the nail plate, the nail bed, the underlying vasculature, and the periungual tissues. The anatomical location and extent of damage determine the clinically manifested anomaly.
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14
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Sibaud V, Fricain JC, Baran R, Robert C. Anomalies pigmentaires induites par les traitements anticancéreux. Première partie : les chimiothérapies. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2013; 140:183-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Okusaka T, Ueno H, Ikeda M, Morizane C. Phase I and pharmacokinetic clinical trial of oral administration of the acyclic retinoid NIK-333. Hepatol Res 2011; 41:542-52. [PMID: 21501352 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00800.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM NIK-333 (an acyclic retinoid) has been reported to prevent recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients after curative treatment. This study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and pharmacokinetics of NIK-333 administrated p.o. at doses ranging 300-900 mg/day. METHODS Patients who were cancer-free after percutaneous local ablation or surgical resection of HCC were enrolled. The total daily dose was administrated as a single dose (single-dose stage) followed by a week of rest, and then in two equally divided doses administrated after breakfast and supper for 48 consecutive weeks (repeated-dose stage). RESULTS No patients at the dose levels of 300 mg/day and 600 mg/day developed any DLT. At the final dose level of 900 mg/day, three of the nine patients developed grade 3 hypertension as a DLT. There were no significant difference values of maximum drug concentration (C(max) ) and log(C(max) ) between fasting and postprandial condition. In the repeated-dose stage, there was no significant difference between the start and week 24 of NIK-333 administration within any dose cohort in either the mean area under the blood concentration time curve (0-6 h) or the C(max) . NIK-333 was well-tolerated when administrated p.o. at doses of up to 600 mg/day for 48 weeks. CONCLUSION Hypertension was noted as a DLT at the dose level of 900 mg/day, and this dose was considered to be inappropriate. The recommended dose for the phase II/III clinical trial is thought to be 300 mg/day and 600 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Okusaka
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo National Cancer Center East Hospital, Kashiwa City, Chiba, Japan
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16
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Sanches Junior JA, Brandt HRC, Moure ERD, Pereira GLS, Criado PR. Reações tegumentares adversas relacionadas aos agentes antineoplásicos: parte I. An Bras Dermatol 2010; 85:425-37. [DOI: 10.1590/s0365-05962010000400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O tratamento local e sistêmico das neoplasias pode causar alterações na pele, membranas mucosas, cabelos e unhas. O diagnóstico preciso e o tratamento adequado destes efeitos colaterais requerem conhecimento dos padrões das reações adversas mais comuns para as medicações que o paciente está utilizando. O dermatologista deve estar familiarizado com as manifestações tegumentares das neoplasias, bem como com os efeitos adversos mucocutâneos dos tratamentos antineoplásicos.
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Abstract
We report an unusual case of a 43-year old female patient suffering from multiple sclerosis, who was treated with mitoxantrone. Few weeks after treatment initiation a hyperpigmentation of the patient’s left thumb and index was noted. Following dose-reduction (from 12 to 10 mg/m2) and over the further course of mitoxantrone treatment the discoloration slightly faded. Although mitoxantrone is known to cause hyperpigmentation of various tissues this is the first report of melanonychia without hyperpigmentation of other tissue. Albeit speculative, pathogenesis of selective melanonychia by mitoxantrone could involve selective activation of nail matrix melanocytes or endocrine disturbances involving melanocyte stimulating hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Reinsberger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - SG Meuth
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - H Wiendl
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
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18
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Borras-Blasco J, Navarro-Ruiz A, Borras C, Castera E. Adverse cutaneous reactions associated with the newest antiretroviral drugs in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 62:879-88. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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19
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Abstract
Several drugs may be responsible for the development of nail abnormalities, but only a few classes are consistently associated with nail symptoms. Drug-induced nail abnormalities result from toxicity to the matrix, the nail bed, the periungual tissues, or the digit blood vessels. Pharmacologic agents that most frequently produce nail abnormalities include retinoids, indinavir, and cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
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20
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Dasanu CA, Wiernik PH, Vaillant J, Alexandrescu DT. A complex pattern of melanonychia and onycholysis after treatment with pemetrexed for lung cancer. Skinmed 2007; 6:95-6. [PMID: 17366681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-9740.2007.05720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A 53-year-old black man was diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung and treated initially with 4 cycles of paclitaxel in combination with carboplatin and external-beam radiation therapy with a good clinicoradiologic response. The patient tolerated the chemotherapy well and did not develop any skin or nail changes during that period of time. His lung cancer recurred 10 months later, when he was found to have bone metastases. Second-line chemotherapy with pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks was commenced. A week prior, the patient was started on folic acid 1 mg orally daily and given an injection of vitamin B12 1000 microg intramuscularly that was continued every 3 cycles thereafter. Dexamethasone 4 mg orally twice daily was given around the time of chemotherapy administration to prevent the dermatitis associated with the drug. The patient denied taking other drugs. Two months into his second-line chemotherapy, he developed multiple, concomitant, transverse and longitudinal black lines in all of his fingernails and toenails. After an interval of 3 months, he presented a complex pattern of nail hyperpigmentation, from combined dense horizontal and longitudinal streaks in some nails to diffuse black discoloration in others (Figure). Other associated changes included koilonychia, dystrophy, and friability of nail plates. Along with normal results of a hepatorenal panel and normal serum vitamin B12 and folate levels, no metabolic or endocrinologic alterations were present to explain the nail pigmentation and dystrophic changes. Results of his mycologic examination and cultures came back negative. When questioned, he denied taking any other drugs including other alternative medicine approaches or vitamin supplements, particularly retinoids, well known for causing severe nail dystrophy.
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21
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Braun RP, Baran R, Le Gal FA, Dalle S, Ronger S, Pandolfi R, Gaide O, French LE, Laugier P, Saurat JH, Marghoob AA, Thomas L. Diagnosis and management of nail pigmentations. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 56:835-47. [PMID: 17320240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Revised: 06/27/2006] [Accepted: 12/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal pigmentation of the nail is very common. The differential diagnosis varies from subungual hematoma, to a fungal infection, to a melanocytic lesion (lentigo, nevus melanoma, etc.) to others. Often, dermatologists do not feel at ease with these pathologies and management is often not clear. In many cases, a biopsy is not helpful because an inadequate technique was chosen. The use of noninvasive techniques such as dermoscopy has been described to be useful for the preoperative evaluation and the management decision. Using these technique, one will be able to reduce the number of unnecessary surgeries and to choose the most adequate biopsy technique. In this article, we will review the management, including diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis of nail pigmentations and propose a new algorithm for the non invasive diagnosis of nail pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Peter Braun
- Pigmented Skin Lesion Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Geneva, Switzerland.
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22
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Mahé E, Morelon E, Lechaton S, Kreis H, De Prost Y, Bodemer C. Onychopathie associée au sirolimus chez les transplantés rénaux. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2006; 133:531-5. [PMID: 16885839 DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(06)70957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A large number of drugs may be responsible for the development of nail changes. Sirolimus is an immunosuppressive drug recently developed in organ transplantation. Herein, we evaluate sirolimus-induced nail abnormalities in renal transplant recipients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The nails of 80 consecutive renal transplant recipients receiving sirolimus have been evaluated in a systematic dermatological study in 2003. The patients were mainly men (60%) with a mean age of 48 years. The mean duration of the graft was 6 years and of sirolimus treatment 18 months. Mycophenolate mofetil and steroids were combined with sirolimus in 86% of patients. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients (74%) complained for nail alterations. The most frequent anomalies (88%) were matrix alterations including slow growth, onychomalacia, onychorrexis, and leukonychia. Nail bed alterations (onycholysis), vascular phenomenon (erythema, splinter hemorrhages), and periungual anomalies (mainly pyogenic granulomas) were observed in 42, 42 and 19% of cases respectively. One observation of type 1 photo-onycholysis was described. DISCUSSION This study reports a new drug-induced onychopathy. Responsibility of sirolimus is highly suggested. The main pathogenesis hypothesis to explain these nail alterations is inhibition of EGF (epidermal growth factor) pathway by sirolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mahé
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades APHP, Paris.
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Tosti A, Bellavista S, Iorizzo M, Vincenzi C. Occupational trachyonychia due to psoriasis: report of a case successfully treated with oral acitretin. Contact Dermatitis 2006; 54:123-4. [PMID: 16487289 DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.0560e.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Tosti
- Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Italy.
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P84 - Onychopathie associée au sirolimus. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(05)79813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Scotté F, Tourani JM, Banu E, Peyromaure M, Levy E, Marsan S, Magherini E, Fabre-Guillevin E, Andrieu JM, Oudard S. Multicenter study of a frozen glove to prevent docetaxel-induced onycholysis and cutaneous toxicity of the hand. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23:4424-9. [PMID: 15994152 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.15.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Onycholysis and skin toxicity occur in approximately 30% of patients treated with docetaxel. We investigated the efficacy and safety of an Elasto-Gel (84400 APT Cedex, Akromed, France) frozen glove (FG) for the prevention of docetaxel-induced onycholysis and skin toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients receiving docetaxel 75 mg/m2 alone or in combination chemotherapy were eligible for this case-control study. Each patient wore an FG for a total of 90 minutes on the right hand. The left hand was not protected and acted as the control. Onycholysis and skin toxicity were assessed at each cycle by National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria and documented by photography. Wilcoxon matched-pairs rank test was used. RESULTS Between August 2002 and September 2003, 45 patients were evaluated. Onycholysis and skin toxicity were significantly lower in the FG-protected hand compared with the control hand (P = .0001). Onycholysis was grade (G) 0 in 89% v 49% and G1 to 2 in 11% v 51% for the FG-protected hand and the control hand, respectively. Skin toxicity was G0 in 73% v 41% and G1 to 2 in 27% v 59% for the FG-protected and the control hand, respectively. Median time to nail and skin toxicity occurrence was not significantly different between the FG-protected and the control hand, respectively (106 v 58 days for nail toxicity; 57 v 58 days for skin toxicity). Five patients (11%) experienced discomfort due to cold intolerance. CONCLUSION FG significantly reduces the nail and skin toxicity associated with docetaxel and provides a new tool in supportive care management to improve a patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Scotté
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, 20 rue Leblanc, 75908, Paris Cedex 15, France.
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Bellis F, Nickol A. Everest Nails: A Prospective Study on the Incidence of Beau's Lines after Time Spent at High Altitude. High Alt Med Biol 2005; 6:178-80. [PMID: 16060852 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2005.6.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beau's lines are transverse grooves seen in the nails that appear after a period of disruption in nail matrix formation. The fall in atmospheric pressure at high altitude causes hypobaric hypoxia in individuals spending time at high altitude, which may result in disruption of nail matrix formation and the appearance of Beau's lines. Members of an expedition to a research base camp at 5000 m in the Nepal Himalayas were contacted 4 and 8 weeks after returning to low altitude to report on the appearance of new transverse grooves in their nails. During the expedition, data on altitude, acute mountain sickness score, oxygen saturation, and the use of medications were collected by each individual in a twice-daily log book. Fifty-nine individuals consented to enroll in the study, with 52 (88%) contacted at follow-up at 8 weeks. The incidence of Beau's lines was 33%. There was no relationship to maximum altitude reached, minimum oxygen saturation, duration of various levels of hypoxia, worst AMS score, or length of stay above 4000 m (p = 0.118). The hypoxia associated with the hypobaric environment at high altitude could be sufficient to cause a disruption in nail matrix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionn Bellis
- Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom.
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Mahé E, Morelon E, Lechaton S, Sang KHLQ, Mansouri R, Ducasse MF, Mamzer-Bruneel MF, de Prost Y, Kreis H, Bodemer C. Cutaneous adverse events in renal transplant recipients receiving sirolimus-based therapy. Transplantation 2005; 79:476-82. [PMID: 15729175 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000151630.25127.3a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirolimus is an immunosuppressive drug recently developed for organ transplantation. Its mechanism of action, independent of calcineurin, is different from that of cyclosporine and tacrolimus, two calcineurin inhibitors (CIs). Because the toxicity of CIs is partly the result of calcineurin blockade, sirolimus exhibits a different toxicity profile. In this study, we evaluated the profile, frequency, and severity of cutaneous adverse events in renal transplant recipients receiving sirolimus-based therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A systematic and in-depth evaluation of skin, mucous membranes, nails, and hair was performed in 80 renal transplant recipients receiving sirolimus-based therapy. The mean duration of the graft was 6 years and of sirolimus treatment was 18 months. Mycophenolate mofetil and steroids were combined with sirolimus for 74 patients. Sirolimus was used as first immunosuppressive therapy for 36 patients, and 44 patients were switched from CIs to sirolimus. RESULTS Seventy-nine patients (99%) experienced cutaneous adverse events. Twenty patients (25%) demonstrated serious adverse events, and six patients (7%) stopped sirolimus during the 3 months after the study because of cutaneous events. The most frequent of these were pilosebaceous apparatus involvement, including acne-like eruptions (46%), scalp folliculitis (26%), and hidradenitis suppurativa (12%); edematous complaints, including chronic edemas (55%) and angioedema (15%); mucous membrane disorders, including aphthous ulceration (60%), epistaxis (60%), chronic gingivitis (20%), and chronic fissure of the lips (11%); and last, nail disorders including chronic onychopathy (74%) and periungual infections (16%). CONCLUSIONS Skin disorders are frequent in renal transplant recipients receiving sirolimus as a long-term therapy. Despite the usually mild nature of skin events, they are often the reason for stopping sirolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mahé
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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Packard KA, Arouni AJ, Hilleman DE, Gannon JM. Fingernail clubbing and chromonychia associated with the use of angiotensin II receptor blockers. Pharmacotherapy 2004; 24:546-50. [PMID: 15098813 DOI: 10.1592/phco.24.5.546.33345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fingernail clubbing and discoloration frequently indicate serious pulmonary, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal pathologies. A 76-year-old Caucasian man developed clubbing of the fingernails and discoloration of both the fingernails and toenails after 27 days of treatment with the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) losartan 50 mg/day. Even though this therapy was switched to valsartan, the nail changes persisted for another 6 months. The patient's therapy then was changed to captopril, and the changes gradually subsided over 17 months. An extensive literature search revealed no reports of this effect in association with ARBs. However, one manufacturer had received spontaneous reports. Despite careful consideration of other possible causes of the patient's symptoms, the temporal association with the start and discontinuation of ARB therapy suggests a possible drug-related adverse event.
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