1
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Ng SSY, Walker DM, Hawkins JM, Khan SA. 3D-printed capillary force trap reactors (CFTRs) for multiphase catalytic flow chemistry. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00462j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Figure of 3D illustration of a capillary trap force reactor (CFTR) with transiently trapped liquid nanoparticle catalysts in dimple-shaped capillary traps in the presence of a gas–liquid segmented flow, for the hydrogenation of 1-hexene to n-hexane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella S. Y. Ng
- Pfizer Asia Manufacturing Pte Ltd, Manufacturing Technology Development Centre (MTDC), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - David M. Walker
- Pfizer Asia Manufacturing Pte Ltd, Manufacturing Technology Development Centre (MTDC), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Joel M. Hawkins
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA
| | - Saif A. Khan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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2
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Towards a Novel Computer-Aided Optimization of Microreactors: Techno-Economic Evaluation of an Immobilized Enzyme System. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobilized multi-enzyme cascades are increasingly used in microfluidic devices. In particular, their application in continuous flow reactors shows great potential, utilizing the benefits of reusability and control of the reaction conditions. However, capitalizing on this potential is challenging and requires detailed knowledge of the investigated system. Here, we show the application of computational methods for optimization with multi-level reactor design (MLRD) methodology based on the underlying physical and chemical processes. We optimize a stereoselective reduction of a diketone catalyzed by ketoreductase (Gre2) and Nicotinamidadenindinukleotidphosphat (NADPH) cofactor regeneration with glucose dehydrogenase (GDH). Both enzymes are separately immobilized on magnetic beads forming a packed bed within the microreactor. We derive optimal reactor feed concentrations and enzyme ratios for enhanced performance and a basic economic model in order to maximize the techno-economic performance (TEP) for the first reduction of 5-nitrononane-2,8-dione.
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3
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A systematic reactor design approach for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 126:75-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Teci M, Tilley M, McGuire MA, Organ MG. Handling Hazards Using Continuous Flow Chemistry: Synthesis of N1-Aryl-[1,2,3]-triazoles from Anilines via Telescoped Three-Step Diazotization, Azidodediazotization, and [3 + 2] Dipolar Cycloaddition Processes. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Teci
- Department
of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Michael Tilley
- Department
of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Michael A. McGuire
- GlaxoSmithKline
Pharmaceuticals Inc., 709 Swedeland
Road, P.O. Box 1539, UMW 2810, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Michael G. Organ
- Department
of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
- Centre
for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI) and Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N6N5, Canada
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5
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Price GA, Bogdan AR, Aguirre AL, Iwai T, Djuric SW, Organ MG. Continuous flow Negishi cross-couplings employing silica-supported Pd-PEPPSI–IPr precatalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00331a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a triethoxysilyl functionalisedPd-PEPPSI–IPrcomplex preparedviaazide–alkyne cycloaddition is described.
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6
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Mitic A, Gernaey KV. Process Intensification Tools in the Small-Scale Pharmaceutical Manufacturing of Small Molecules. Chem Eng Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201400765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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7
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Henry C, Bolien D, Ibanescu B, Bloodworth S, Harrowven DC, Zhang X, Craven A, Sneddon HF, Whitby RJ. Generation and Trapping of Ketenes in Flow. European J Org Chem 2015; 2015:1491-1499. [PMID: 26097406 PMCID: PMC4464552 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ketenes were generated by the thermolysis of alkoxyalkynes under flow conditions, and then trapped with amines and alcohols to cleanly give amides and esters. For a 10 min reaction time, temperatures of 180, 160, and 140 °C were required for >95 % conversion of EtO, iPrO, and tBuO alkoxyalkynes, respectively. Variation of the temperature and flow rate with inline monitoring of the output by IR spectroscopy allowed the kinetic parameters for the conversion of 1-ethoxy-1-octyne to be easily estimated (Ea = 105.4 kJ/mol). Trapping of the in-situ-generated ketenes by alcohols to give esters required the addition of a tertiary amine catalyst to prevent competitive [2+2] addition of the ketene to the alkoxyalkyne precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Henry
- Chemistry, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - David Bolien
- Chemistry, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Bogdan Ibanescu
- Chemistry, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sally Bloodworth
- Chemistry, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - David C Harrowven
- Chemistry, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Xunli Zhang
- Bioengineering Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Andy Craven
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D Ltd., Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, HERTS, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Helen F Sneddon
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D Ltd., Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, HERTS, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Richard J Whitby
- Chemistry, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, HANTS, SO17 1BJ, UK
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8
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9
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Lei M, Hu R, Wang Y, Zhang H. Synthesis of 1,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3-trizazoles via Click Reaction in Micro Flow Reactor. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Faisal S, Ullah F, Maity PK, Rolfe A, Samarakoon TB, Porubsky P, Neuenswander B, Lushington GH, Basha FZ, Organ MG, Hanson PR. Facile (triazolyl)methylation of MACOS-derived benzofused sultams utilizing ROMP-derived OTP reagents. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2012; 14:268-72. [PMID: 22384820 DOI: 10.1021/co2001839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A combination of MACOS scale-out and ROMP-derived oligomeric triazole phosphates (OTP(n)) have been successfully utilized for the preparation of a 106-member library of triazole containing benzothiaoxazepine-1,1-dioxides. This report demonstrates the utilization of a suite of soluble OTP(n) reagents for facile (triazolyl)methylation of 10 MACOS-derived sultam scaffolds in purification-free process for parallel synthesis of small molecule collections for HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Faisal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251
Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence,
Kansas 66045-7582, United States
- H. E. J. Research
Institute
of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J
1P3, Canada
| | - Pradip K. Maity
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251
Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence,
Kansas 66045-7582, United States
| | - Alan Rolfe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251
Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence,
Kansas 66045-7582, United States
| | - Thiwanka B. Samarakoon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251
Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence,
Kansas 66045-7582, United States
| | - Patrick Porubsky
- The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034 Becker Drive, Del Shankel Structural
Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Benjamin Neuenswander
- The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034 Becker Drive, Del Shankel Structural
Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Gerald H. Lushington
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251
Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence,
Kansas 66045-7582, United States
- The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034 Becker Drive, Del Shankel Structural
Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Fatima Z. Basha
- H. E. J. Research
Institute
of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Michael G. Organ
- The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034 Becker Drive, Del Shankel Structural
Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J
1P3, Canada
| | - Paul R. Hanson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251
Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence,
Kansas 66045-7582, United States
- The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034 Becker Drive, Del Shankel Structural
Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Malet-Sanz
- World-Wide
Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Development API, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich
CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Flavien Susanne
- World-Wide
Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Development API, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich
CT13 9NJ, U.K
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12
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Lei M, Zhang H, Li W, Hu R, Tian W, Wang Y. Synthesis of 2-Arylbenzimidazoles in Microfluidic Chip Reactor. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-s(n)61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Venturoni F, Gioiello A, Sardella R, Natalini B, Pellicciari R. Continuous flow synthesis and scale-up of glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile salts. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4109-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25528f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Roughley SD, Jordan AM. The Medicinal Chemist’s Toolbox: An Analysis of Reactions Used in the Pursuit of Drug Candidates. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3451-79. [PMID: 21504168 DOI: 10.1021/jm200187y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1723] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Allan M. Jordan
- Cancer Research UK Drug Discovery Unit, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, U.K
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15
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Zaborenko N, Bedore MW, Jamison TF, Jensen KF. Kinetic and Scale-Up Investigations of Epoxide Aminolysis in Microreactors at High Temperatures and Pressures. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op100252m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Zaborenko
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew W. Bedore
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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16
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Straightforward hetero Diels–Alder reactions of nitroso dienophiles by microreactor technology. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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McMullen JP, Jensen KF. An Automated Microfluidic System for Online Optimization in Chemical Synthesis. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op100123e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. McMullen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
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18
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[3+2] Dipolar cycloadditions of an unstabilised azomethine ylide under continuous flow conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Bedore MW, Zaborenko N, Jensen KF, Jamison TF. Aminolysis of Epoxides in a Microreactor System: A Continuous Flow Approach to β-Amino Alcohols. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op9003136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Bedore
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
| | - Nikolay Zaborenko
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A
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20
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Bagley MC, Fusillo V, Jenkins RL, Lubinu MC, Mason C. Continuous flow processing from microreactors to mesoscale: the Bohlmann–Rahtz cyclodehydration reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:2245-51. [DOI: 10.1039/b926387j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Malet-Sanz L, Madrzak J, Holvey RS, Underwood T. A safe and reliable procedure for the iododeamination of aromatic and heteroaromatic amines in a continuous flow reactor. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Riva E, Gagliardi S, Mazzoni C, Passarella D, Rencurosi A, Vigo D, Martinelli M. Efficient Continuous Flow Synthesis of Hydroxamic Acids and Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Preparation. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3540-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900144h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Riva
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Gagliardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Rencurosi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy, and NiKem Research Srl, Via Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, Milan, Italy
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