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Tang X, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li Z, Zhang C. Detection of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in vitro and in vivo using a new fluorescent probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2082-2085. [PMID: 38293842 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
A new fluorescence probe OHPD that could specifically identify acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase has been developed and successfully applied to imaging in vivo. Probe OHPD shows significant color change, high selectivity, high sensitivity, and low detection limit for the detection of cholinesterase. Moreover, the real-time imaging in situ indicated that endogenous cholinesterase was mainly present in the yolk sac of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Tang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Zhao Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Chengxiao Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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2
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Xing M, Wang S, Cui F, Liu H, Zhang X, Gao Z, Ying W, Shi E. Comprehensive insight on protein modification by V-type agent: A chemical proteomic approach employing bioorthogonal reaction. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300039. [PMID: 37654063 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) such as chemical agents and pesticides are posing critical threats to civilians due to their irreversible phosphonylation of diverse amino acids residues forming different protein adducts. However, traditional analytical approaches are quite limited in capturing the myriad of post-translational events that affect protein functions, especially in identifying the low-abundance OP adducts. Herein a systematic proteomic strategy based on a typical click-enrich-release-identify bioorthogonal operation was firstly developed by employing an alkynyl-tagged V-type agent probe (AVP) and a biotin-based azido-enrichment linker (BTP-N3 ). AVP targeting peptides from human serum albumin (HSA) or plasma were captured by BTP-N3 via CuAAC click reaction, enriched by streptavidin beads, released by selective alkaline hydrolysis of phenacyl ester bond, and subsequently sequenced by LC-MS/MS. This strategy has helped identifying 1115 unique OP adduction sites on 163 proteins in human plasma, and covers lots of OP adducts that cannot be achieved by traditional detection methods. The comprehensive coverage of novel OP substrates provided a general and sensitive approach to retrospective verification and/or dose assessment of toxic OPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meining Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China
| | - Wantao Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Enxue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China
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3
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Tewari D, Bawari S, Mishra ST, Gupta P, M A, Cziáky Z, Jeko J, Lazarova I, Zengin G. Metabolomics-based pharmaceutical evaluation of different parts of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex C.B. Clarke from the western Himalayas. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300795. [PMID: 38234031 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Swertia species are common ingredients in numerous herbal remedies. It is also used to treat a wide range of illnesses and possess diverse therapeutic activities. The aim of the study is to elucidate the comprehensive metabolomics profile of Swertia chirayita and the role of various extraction methods in the phytochemical compositions of the extracts of S. chirayita, and their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Extraction of the stems, leaves, and flowering tops of S. chirayita was performed by maceration, infusion, and soxhlation using methanol and water as solvent. Extracts were subjected to phytochemical profiling by a liquid-chromatographic system. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity was carried out. The metabolomics profiling showed that a diverse range of specialized metabolites were present in the stems and leaves & flowering tops of the plant. All the extracts showed substantial antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities further confirmed by molecular docking studies. This study appraised the use of S. chirayita aerial parts as a potential antioxidant and its therapeutic application in various chronic illnesses including Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and other skin-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sweta Bawari
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Saurabh T Mishra
- Department of Career Services, Edvancer - a part of Global University System, India, Mumbai, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Aryalaxmi M
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - József Jeko
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - Irina Lazarova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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4
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Břízová A, Pitschmann V. Simple Chemical and Cholinesterase Methods for the Detection of Nerve Agents Using Optical Evaluation. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:995. [PMID: 38131755 PMCID: PMC10741445 DOI: 10.3390/bios13120995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The extreme toxicity of nerve agents and the broad spectrum of their physical and chemical properties, enabling the use of these agents in a variety of tactical situations, is a continuing challenge in maintaining the knowledge and capability to detect them, as well as in finding new effective methods. Despite significant advances in the instrumentation of the analysis of nerve agents, relatively simple methods based on the evaluation of colour signals (absorption and fluorescence), in particular those using the cholinesterase reaction, continue to be of importance. This review provides a brief presentation of the current status of these simple methods, with an emphasis on military applications, and illustrates the high interest of the professional community in their further development. At the same time, it also contains some peculiarities (high reliability and durability, resistance to extreme climatic conditions, work in deployed means of protection, low purchase prices, economic availability especially in a state of war, etc.) that the authors believe research and development of simple methods and means for the detection of nerve agents should respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Břízová
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Nám. Sítná 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimír Pitschmann
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Nám. Sítná 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic;
- Oritest Spol. s r.o., Čerčanská 640/30, 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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5
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Acari A, Almammadov T, Dirak M, Gulsoy G, Kolemen S. Real-time visualization of butyrylcholinesterase activity using a highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescent probe. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37377112 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01022h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), one of the critical human cholinesterases, plays crucial roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Accordingly, it is a striking and at the same time challenging target for bioimaging studies. Herein, we developed the first ever example of a 1,2-dixoetane-based chemiluminescent probe (BCC) for monitoring BChE activity in native biological contexts such as living cells and animals. BCC was initially shown to exhibit a highly selective and sensitive turn-on response in its luminescence signal upon reacting with BChE in aqueous solutions. Later, BCC was utilized to image endogenous BChE activity in normal and cancer cell lines. It was also shown through inhibition experiments that BChE can detect fluctuations of BChE levels successfully. In vivo imaging ability of BCC was demonstrated in healthy and tumor-bearing mice models. BCC enabled us to visualize the BChE activity in different regions of the body. Furthermore, it was successfully employed to monitor tumors derived from neuroblastoma cells with a very high signal to noise ratio. Thus, BCC appears as a highly promising chemiluminescent probe, which can be used to further understand the contribution of BChE to regular cellular processes and the formation of diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alperen Acari
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Toghrul Almammadov
- Koç University, Department of Chemistry, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Univesity of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Musa Dirak
- Koç University, Department of Chemistry, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goktug Gulsoy
- Koç University, Department of Chemistry, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safacan Kolemen
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey.
- Koç University, Department of Chemistry, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
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Gao F, Liu G, Qiao M, Li Y, Yi X. Biosensors for the Detection of Enzymes Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12110953. [PMID: 36354464 PMCID: PMC9688369 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes play a critical role in most complex biochemical processes. Some of them can be regarded as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Taking advantage of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based biosensors, a series of fluorogens with AIE characteristics (AIEgens) have been designed and synthesized for the detection and imaging of enzymes. In this work, we summarized the advances in AIEgens-based probes and sensing platforms for the fluorescent detection of enzymes, including proteases, phosphatases, glycosidases, cholinesterases, telomerase and others. The AIEgens involve organic dyes and metal nanoclusters. This work provides valuable references for the design of novel AIE-based sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Mingyi Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xinyao Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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Elistratova JG, Akhmadeev BS, Islamova LN, Fazleeva GM, Kalinin AA, Orekhov AS, Petrov KA, Sinyashin OG, Mustafina AR. Mixed bilayers of phosphatidylcholine with dialkylaminostyrylhetarene dyes for AChE-assisted fluorescent sensing of paraoxon. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Simultaneous measurement of six biomarkers of dichlorvos in blood by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1208:123381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Vang JY, Breceda C, Her C, Krishnan VV. Enzyme kinetics by real-time quantitative NMR (qNMR) spectroscopy with progress curve analysis. Anal Biochem 2022; 658:114919. [PMID: 36154835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This review article summarizes how the experimental data obtained using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy can be combined with progress curve analysis to determine enzyme kinetic parameters. The qNMR approach enables following the enzymatic conversion of the substrate to the product in real-time by a continuous collection of spectra. The Lambert-W function, a closed-form solution to the time-dependent substrate/product kinetics of the rate equation, can estimate the Michaelis-Menten constant (KM.) and the maximum velocity (Vmax) from a single experiment. This article highlights how the qNMR data is well suited for analysis using the Lambert-W function with three different applications. Results from studies on acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine to acetic acid and choline), β-Galactosidase (lactose to glucose and galactose), and invertase (sucrose to glucose and fructose) are presented. Furthermore, an additional example of how the progress curve analysis is applied to understand the inhibitory role of the artificial sweetener sucralose on sucrose's enzymatic conversion by invertase is discussed. With the wide availability of NMR spectrometers in academia and industries, including bench-top systems with permanent magnets, and the potential to enhance sensitivity using dynamic nuclear polarization in combination with ultrafast methods, the NMR-based enzyme kinetics could be considered a valuable tool for broader applications in the field of enzyme kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Y Vang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Candido Breceda
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Cheenou Her
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - V V Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA; Department of Medical Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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10
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Mitsuboshi S, Otaki S, Kaneko C, Tsuruma N. [Association between Distigmine-induced Adverse Events and Serum Butyrylcholinesterase Level: A Multicenter Retrospective Study]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:993-998. [PMID: 36047226 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Distigmine sometimes causes severe adverse events, and the serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) level is reduced by distigmine. However, limited data are available on the association between serum BChE level and the risk of distigmine-induced adverse events. To clarify the association between the risk of distigmine-induced adverse events and serum BChE level, we retrospectively reviewed 371 patients with 2199 measurements of serum BChE levels at three hospitals, of whom 24 (6.5%) had adverse events. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with adverse events of distigmine. The risk of adverse events was associated with distigmine dose>0.15 mg/kg/d [odds ratio (OR) 3.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-11.70, p=0.04], serum BChE level 80-112 U/L (OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.03-9.52, p=0.04), and serum BChE level <80 U/L (OR 13.70, 95% CI 5.14-36.50, p<0.01). Serum BChE might be a useful biomarker for estimating the risk of distigmine-induced adverse events. The risk of adverse events might be decreased by closely monitoring serum BChE and assessing distigmine dose in patients with high risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shota Otaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Niitsu Medical Center Hospital
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11
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Synthesis and evaluation of new 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamides as potent inhibitors against acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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A sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for acetylcholinesterase: synthesis, performance, mechanism and application. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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13
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High-throughput optical assays for sensing serine hydrolases in living systems and their applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Kumar D, Bhattacharyya R, Banerjee D. Fluorimetric method for specific detection of human serum albumin in urine using its pseudoesterase property. Anal Biochem 2021; 633:114402. [PMID: 34626673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Detection of microalbuminuria is an analytical challenge. There are dye-based methods and immunochemical methods. However, these methods are less specific and sensitive respectively. So, people are trying new approaches for microalbuminuria detection. In this context, we have developed a fluorescent spectroscopic method to detect human serum albumin using its pseudoesterase property. Recently, we had discovered that neostigmine does not inhibit Human serum albumin pseudoesterase activity. Using such a phenomenon, we have devised a specific fluorimetric detection method of HSA using 2NA as a substrate for the pseudoesterase activity. The developed method can sense as low as 0.1 μM of HSA in the urine matrix without dye or antibody. We have proposed a scheme of automation of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Rajasri Bhattacharyya
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Dibyajyoti Banerjee
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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15
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Impacts of nanoparticles and phosphonates in the behavior and oxidative status of the mediterranean mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis). Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6365-6374. [PMID: 34764754 PMCID: PMC8568998 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the exposure of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to gold nanoparticles decorated zinc oxide (Au-ZnO NPs) and phosphonate [Diethyl (3-cyano-1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-methylpropyl)] phosphate (PC). The mussels were exposed to concentrations of 50 and 100 µg L-1 of both compounds alone, as well as to a mixture of both pollutants (i.e. Mix). The singular and the combined effect of each pollutant was investigated by measuring the concentration of various metals (i.e., Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Au) in the the digestive glands and gills of mussels, their filtration capacity (FC), respiration rate (RR) and the response of oxidative biomarkers, respectively, following 14 days of exposure. The concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Au increased directly with Au-ZnO NPs in mussel tissues, but significantly only for Zn. In contrast, the mixture of Au-ZnO100 NPs and PC100 did not induce any significant increase in the content of metals in digetsve glands and gills, suggesting antagonistic interactions between contaminants. In addition, FC and RR levels decreased following exposure to Au-ZnO100 NPs and PC100 treatments and no significant alterations were observed after the exposure to 50 µg.L-1 of both contaminants and Mix. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level, GSH/GSSG ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities showed significant changes following the exposure to both Au-ZnO NPs and PC, in the gills and the digestive glands of the mussel. However, no significant modifications were observed in both organs following the exposure to Mix. The current study advances the understanding of the toxicity of NPs and phosphonates on M. galloprovincialis and sets the path for future ecotoxicological studies regarding the synergic effects of these substances on marine species. Moreover, the current experiment suggests that the oxidative stress and the neurotoxic pathways are responsive following the exposure of marine invertebrates to both nanoparticles and phosphonates, with potential antagonist interactions of these substances on the physiology of targeted species.
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16
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de Almeida RBM, de Almeida Luz RLS, Leite FHA, Botura MB. A Review on the in vitro Evaluation of the Anticholinesterase Activity Based on Ellman's Method. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1803-1813. [PMID: 34711159 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211027104638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of cholinesterases is a common strategy for the treatment of several disorders, especially Alzheimer´s disease. In vitro assays represent a critical step towards identifying molecules with potential anticholinesterase effect. This study aimed at providing a comprehensive review of the methodologies used in vitro for the anticholinesterase activity based on the spectrophotometry of Ellman's method. This work used two databases (PubMed and ScienceDirect) to search for original articles and selected publications between 1961 and 2019, which reported in vitro spectrophotometry assays for anticholinesterase activity. After the search process and the selection of publications, the final sample consisted of 146 articles published in several journals submitted by researchers from different countries. Although the studies analyzed in this work are all within the same conception of in vitro tests based on Ellman's method, one can observe a wide divergence in the origin and concentration of enzyme, the choice and pH of the buffer, the concentration of the substrate, the sample diluent, incubation time, temperature, and time of the spectrophotometric reading interval. There is no consensus in the methodology of studies with in vitro tests for anticholinesterase assessment. The methodological variations related to kinetic parameters may interfere in the characterization of cholinesterase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franco Henrique Andrade Leite
- Laboratório de Quimioinformática e Avaliação Biológica, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Brazil
| | - Mariana Borges Botura
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Brazil
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17
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Michels G, Lehr M. High performance liquid chromatographic assays with UV-detection for evaluation of inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2021.1925908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Michels
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Lehr
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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18
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Dubrovskii Y, Murashko E, Chuprina O, Beltyukov P, Radilov A, Solovyev N, Babakov V. Mass spectrometry based proteomic approach for the screening of butyrylcholinesterase adduct formation with organophosphates. Talanta 2019; 197:374-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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A novel fluorescence based assay for the detection of organophosphorus pesticide exposed cholinesterase activity using 1-naphthyl acetate. Biochimie 2019; 160:100-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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20
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Dos Santos TC, Gomes TM, Pinto BAS, Camara AL, Paes AMDA. Naturally Occurring Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors and Their Potential Use for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1192. [PMID: 30405413 PMCID: PMC6201143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a main cause of dementia, accounting for up to 75% of all dementia cases. Pathophysiological processes described for AD progression involve neurons and synapses degeneration, mainly characterized by cholinergic impairment. This feature makes acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEi) the main class of drugs currently used for the treatment of AD dementia phase, among which galantamine is the only naturally occurring substance. However, several plant species producing diverse classes of alkaloids, coumarins, terpenes, and polyphenols have been assessed for their anti-AChE activity, becoming potential candidates for new anti-AD drugs. Therefore, this mini-review aimed to recapitulate last decade studies on the anti-AChE activity of plant species, their respective extracts, as well as isolated compounds. The anti-AChE activity of extracts prepared from 54 plant species pertaining 29 families, as well as 36 isolated compounds were classified and discussed according to their anti-AChE pharmacological potency to highlight the most prominent ones. Besides, relevant limitations, such as proper antioxidant assessment, and scarcity of toxicological and clinical studies were also discussed in order to help researchers out with the bioprospection of potentially new AChEi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiane Coelho Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Thaís Mota Gomes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Adriana Leandro Camara
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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Chowdhary S, Bhattacharyya R, Banerjee D. 1-Naphthyl acetate: A chromogenic substrate for the detection of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochimie 2018; 154:194-209. [PMID: 30201403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a preferred biomarker for the detection of organophosphorus poisoning. Acetylthiocholine (ATCh) is the most popular substrate for the detection of AChE activity. However, oximolysis is a prominent feature with ATCh. In this context, we have searched alternative substrates for AChE using in silico tools for screening of a better substrate. The in silico approach was performed to understand the fitness and the Total Interaction Energy (TIE) of substrates for AChE. The alternative substrates for AChE were screened in terms of high Goldscore and favorable TIE in comparison to acetylcholine (ACh)-AChE complex and other relevant esterases. Among the screened substrates, 1-Naphthyl acetate (1-NA) exhibited the most favorable interaction with AChE in terms of highest TIE and corresponding high Goldscore. The Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation of the 1-NA-AChE complex showed a stable complex formation over a period of 5 ns. The results obtained in the in silico studies were validated in vitro using pure erythrocyte AChE and hemolysate. We observed 1-NA to be a better alternative substrate for AChE than ATCh in terms of lower Km value. Its specificity appeared at least similar to ATCh. Therefore, we propose that 1-NA can be an attractive chromogenic substrate for the measurement of AChE activity, and it possess the potential to detect organophosphorus pesticide (OP) poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheemona Chowdhary
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Rajasri Bhattacharyya
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Dibyajyoti Banerjee
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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22
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Comparative enzymatic studies using ion-selective electrodes. The case of cholinesterases. Talanta 2018; 180:316-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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In Vitro Evaluation of Serine Hydrolase Inhibitors. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/7653_2018_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Quantitative estimation of cholinesterase-specific drug metabolism of carbamate inhibitors provided by the analysis of the area under the inhibition-time curve. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:167-174. [PMID: 28468728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several molecules containing carbamate groups are metabolized by cholinesterases. This metabolism includes a time-dependent catalytic step which temporary inhibits the enzymes. In this paper we demonstrate that the analysis of the area under the inhibition versus time curve (AUIC) can be used to obtain a quantitative estimation of the amount of carbamate metabolized by the enzyme. (R)-bambuterol monocarbamate and plasma butyrylcholinesterase were used as model carbamate-cholinesterase system. The inhibition of different concentrations of the enzyme was monitored for 5h upon incubation with different concentrations of carbamate and the resulting AUICs were analyzed. The amount of carbamate metabolized could be estimated with <15% accuracy (RE%) and ≤23% precision (RSD%). Since the knowledge of the inhibition kinetics is not required for the analysis, this approach could be used to determine the amount of drug metabolized by cholinesterases in a selected compartment in which the cholinesterase is confined (e.g. in vitro solutions, tissues or body fluids), either in vitro or in vivo.
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25
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Ramsay RR, Tipton KF. Assessment of Enzyme Inhibition: A Review with Examples from the Development of Monoamine Oxidase and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Drugs. Molecules 2017; 22:E1192. [PMID: 28714881 PMCID: PMC6152246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The actions of many drugs involve enzyme inhibition. This is exemplified by the inhibitors of monoamine oxidases (MAO) and the cholinsterases (ChE) that have been used for several pharmacological purposes. This review describes key principles and approaches for the reliable determination of enzyme activities and inhibition as well as some of the methods that are in current use for such studies with these two enzymes. Their applicability and potential pitfalls arising from their inappropriate use are discussed. Since inhibitor potency is frequently assessed in terms of the quantity necessary to give 50% inhibition (the IC50 value), the relationships between this and the mode of inhibition is also considered, in terms of the misleading information that it may provide. Incorporation of more than one functionality into the same molecule to give a multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) requires careful assessment to ensure that the specific target effects are not significantly altered and that the kinetic behavior remains as favourable with the MTDL as it does with the individual components. Such factors will be considered in terms of recently developed MTDLs that combine MAO and ChE inhibitory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona R Ramsay
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 8QP, UK.
| | - Keith F Tipton
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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26
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Karasova JZ, Maderycova Z, Tumova M, Jun D, Rehacek V, Kuca K, Misik J. Activity of cholinesterases in a young and healthy middle-European population: Relevance for toxicology, pharmacology and clinical praxis. Toxicol Lett 2017; 277:24-31. [PMID: 28465191 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The activity of human cholinesterases, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8) represents an important marker when monitoring exposure to pesticides/nerve agents, and may also be used in occupational medicine in diagnosis and prognosis of some diseases. In this study "normal/baseline" AChE and BChE activity has been investigated in a young and healthy population, with subsequent evaluation of several intra-population factors including sex, age (categories 18-25, 26-35 and 36-45 years old) and smoker status. The modified Ellman's method was used for enzyme activity assessment in 387 young and healthy individuals (201 males and 186 females aged 18-45). A significant inter-sexual difference in AChE and BChE activity was found (AChE: 351±67 for males and 377±65 for females, (μmol/min)/(μmol of hemoglobin), p<0.001; BChE: 140±33 for males and 109±29 for females, μkat/l, p<0.001; mean±SD). Despite the finding that mean AChE activity somewhat decreased whereas BChE activity grew within the age categories of the tested subjects, no significant effect of age on cholinesterase activity was found (p>0.05). Smoking influenced cholinesterase activity - AChE activity in smokers was elevated (approx. 3% in males; 8% in females) relative to that in non-smokers (p<0.05). Smoking was found not to have any effect on BChE activity. Reference values based on confidence intervals for AChE and BChE activity were established. The presented results might be useful in routine clinical practice where the monitoring of blood AChE and plasma BChE activity is crucial for prognosis and diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning, in occupational medicine and in relevant mass casualty scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zdarova Karasova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Maderycova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Tumova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Department, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida, International University, Miami, USA
| | - Jan Misik
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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27
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Li S, Huang R, Solomon S, Liu Y, Zhao B, Santillo MF, Xia M. Identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors using homogenous cell-based assays in quantitative high-throughput screening platforms. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28294544 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme responsible for metabolism of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter associated with muscle movement, cognition, and other neurobiological processes. Inhibition of AChE activity can serve as a therapeutic mechanism, but also cause adverse health effects and neurotoxicity. In order to efficiently identify AChE inhibitors from large compound libraries, homogenous cell-based assays in high-throughput screening platforms are needed. In this study, a fluorescent method using Amplex Red (10-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine) and the Ellman absorbance method were both developed in a homogenous format using a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). An enzyme-based assay using Amplex Red was also optimized and used to confirm the potential inhibitors. These three assays were used to screen 1368 compounds, which included a library of pharmacologically active compounds (LOPAC) and 88 additional compounds from the Tox21 program, at multiple concentrations in a quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) format. All three assays exhibited exceptional performance characteristics including assay signal quality, precision, and reproducibility. A group of inhibitors were identified from this study, including known (e.g. physostigmine and neostigmine bromide) and potential novel AChE inhibitors (e.g. chelerythrine chloride and cilostazol). These results demonstrate that this platform is a promising means to profile large numbers of chemicals that inhibit AChE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaizhang Li
- Division of Pre-Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Huang
- Division of Pre-Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samuel Solomon
- Division of Pre-Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yitong Liu
- Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Michael F Santillo
- Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Menghang Xia
- Division of Pre-Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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28
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Thetkathuek A, Yenjai P, Jaidee W, Jaidee P, Sriprapat P. Pesticide Exposure and Cholinesterase Levels in Migrant Farm Workers in Thailand. J Agromedicine 2017; 22:118-130. [DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2017.1283276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anamai Thetkathuek
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Yenjai
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Wanlop Jaidee
- Department of Public Health Foundation, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Patchana Jaidee
- Department of Public Health Foundation, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Poonsak Sriprapat
- The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 6, Muang, Chonburi, Thailand
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29
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Yang SH, Sun Q, Xiong H, Liu SY, Moosavi B, Yang WC, Yang GF. Discovery of a butyrylcholinesterase-specific probe via a structure-based design strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3952-3955. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00577f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the structure-based design and application of a fluorogenic butyrylcholinesterase probe that could discriminate butyrylcholinesterase from acetylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Hao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Behrooz Moosavi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
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30
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Pitschmann V, Matějovský L, Vetchý D, Kobliha Z. Enzymatic Determination of Anticholinesterases Using a Composite Carrier. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1151889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Luminescent silica nanoparticles for sensing acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 77:871-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Mertens MD, Bierwisch A, Li T, Gütschow M, Thiermann H, Wille T, Elsinghorst PW. A novel fluorogenic probe for the investigation of free thiols: Application to kinetic measurements of acetylcholinesterase activity. Toxicol Lett 2016; 244:161-166. [PMID: 26494253 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel coumarin-derived thiol probe, based on the thiol-promoted cleavage of a quenching 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl group is described. The probe shows a sensitive fluorescence turn-on and sufficient solubility in aqueous environments. As a proof of concept, a new assay for AChE activity was developed as a useful addition to the established Ellman method. The observed reaction kinetics followed an asymmetric sigmoidal pattern and were successfully evaluated applying a three parameter Gompertz equation. Providing a linear relationship between the detected fluorescence formation curves and corresponding enzyme activities, this probe appears as a valuable tool for AChE activity measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D Mertens
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne Bierwisch
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Tianwei Li
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Timo Wille
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany
| | - Paul W Elsinghorst
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 München, Germany.
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33
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Lee HE, Kim YH, Kim SM, Shin HY. Clinical Significance of Repetitive Compound Muscle Action Potentials in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: A Predictor for Cholinergic Side Effects of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. J Clin Neurol 2016; 12:482-488. [PMID: 27819419 PMCID: PMC5063876 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2016.12.4.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are widely used to treat myasthenia gravis (MG). Although AChEIs are usually tolerated well, some MG patients suffer from side effects. Furthermore, a small proportion of MG patients show cholinergic hypersensitivity and cannot tolerate AChEIs. Because repetitive compound muscle action potentials (R-CMAPs) are an electrophysiologic feature of cholinergic neuromuscular hyperactivity, we investigated the clinical characteristics of MG patients with R-CMAPs to identify their clinical usefulness in therapeutic decision-making. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and electrodiagnostic findings of MG patients who underwent electrodiagnostic studies and diagnostic neostigmine testing (NT). Results Among 71 MG patients, 9 could not tolerate oral pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and 17 experienced side effects of PB. R-CMAPs developed in 24 patients after NT. The highest daily dose of PB was lower in the patients with R-CMAPs (240 mg/day vs. 480 mg/day, p<0.001). The frequencies of PB intolerance and side effects were higher in the patients with R-CMAPs than in those without R-CMAPs [37.5% vs. 0% (p<0.001) and 45.8% vs. 12.8% (p=0.002), respectively]. The MG Foundation of America postintervention status did not differ significantly between MG patients with and without R-CMAPs, and the response to immunotherapy was also good in both groups. Conclusions Side effects of and intolerance to AChEIs are more common in MG patients with R-CMAPs than in those without R-CMAPs. AChEIs should be used carefully in MG patients with R-CMAPs. The presence of R-CMAPs after NT may be a good indicator of the risks of PB side effects and intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Eun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Kyungju Dongsan Hospital, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Yool-hee Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Young Shin
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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34
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Elistratova JG, Mustafina AR, Brylev KA, Petrov KA, Shestopalov MA, Mironov YV, Babaev VM, Rizvanov IK, Masson P, Sinyashin OG. Sensing activity of cholinesterases through a luminescence response of the hexarhenium cluster complex [{Re6S8}(OH)6]4−. Analyst 2016; 141:4204-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00581k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A new method to sense enzymatic hydrolysis of acetylcholine through a cluster luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia G. Elistratova
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | - Asiya R. Mustafina
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A. Brylev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A. Petrov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | | | - Yuri V. Mironov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Vasily M. Babaev
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | - Ildar K. Rizvanov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
| | | | - Oleg G. Sinyashin
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry
- Kazan Scientific Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Kazan
- Russian Federation
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35
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Santillo MF, Liu Y. A fluorescence assay for measuring acetylcholinesterase activity in rat blood and a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2015; 76:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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36
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In situ induced metal-enhanced fluorescence: A new strategy for biosensing the total acetylcholinesterase activity in sub-microliter human whole blood. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:648-653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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37
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Fu Q, Tang J, Cui M, Zheng Z, Liu Z, Liu S. Development of ESI-MS-based continuous enzymatic assay for real-time monitoring of enzymatic reactions of acetylcholinesterase. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 990:169-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Dingova D, Leroy J, Check A, Garaj V, Krejci E, Hrabovska A. Optimal detection of cholinesterase activity in biological samples: modifications to the standard Ellman's assay. Anal Biochem 2014; 462:67-75. [PMID: 24929086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ellman's assay is the most commonly used method to measure cholinesterase activity. It is cheap, fast, and reliable, but it has limitations when used for biological samples. The problems arise from 5,5-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), which is unstable, interacts with free sulfhydryl groups in the sample, and may affect cholinesterase activity. We report that DTNB is more stable in 0.09 M Hepes with 0.05 M sodium phosphate buffer than in 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer, thereby notably reducing background. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to enrich tissue homogenates for cholinesterase while depleting the sample of sulfhydryl groups eliminates unwanted interactions with DTNB, making it possible to measure low cholinesterase activity in biological samples. To eliminate possible interference of DTNB with enzyme hydrolysis, we introduce a modification of the standard Ellman's assay. First, thioesters are hydrolyzed by cholinesterase to produce thiocholine in the absence of DTNB. Then, the reaction is stopped by a cholinesterase inhibitor and the produced thiocholine is revealed by DTNB and quantified at 412 nm. Indeed, this modification of Ellman's method increases butyrylcholinesterase activity by 20 to 25%. Moreover, high stability of thiocholine enables separation of the two reactions of the Ellman's method into two successive steps that may be convenient for some applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Dingova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; CNRS UMR 8257 MD 4, COGNAC G, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Leroy
- CNRS UMR 8257 MD 4, COGNAC G, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Abel Check
- CNRS UMR 8257 MD 4, COGNAC G, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Vladimir Garaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eric Krejci
- CNRS UMR 8257 MD 4, COGNAC G, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Anna Hrabovska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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A new approach to develop a standardized method for assessment of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of different extracts using HPTLC and image analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 955-956:50-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chowdhary S, Bhattacharyya R, Banerjee D. Acute organophosphorus poisoning. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 431:66-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang Y, Cai Y, Qi Z, Lu L, Qian Y. DNA-Templated Silver Nanoclusters for Fluorescence Turn-on Assay of Acetylcholinesterase Activity. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8455-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401966d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory
of Applied Surface
and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, PR China
| | - Yanan Cai
- Key Laboratory
of Applied Surface
and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, PR China
| | - Zongli Qi
- Lab Center, the Third Affiliated
Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory
of Applied Surface
and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, PR China
| | - Yunxia Qian
- Key Laboratory
of Applied Surface
and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, PR China
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Carter MD, Crow BS, Pantazides BG, Watson CM, DeCastro BR, Thomas JD, Blake TA, Johnson RC. Profiling cholinesterase adduction: a high-throughput prioritization method for organophosphate exposure samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 19:325-30. [PMID: 23954929 DOI: 10.1177/1087057113497799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A high-throughput prioritization method was developed for use with a validated confirmatory method detecting organophosphorus nerve agent exposure by immunomagnetic separation high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. A ballistic gradient was incorporated into this analytical method to profile unadducted butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in clinical samples. With Zhang et al.'s Z' factor of 0.88 ± 0.01 (SD) of control analytes and Z factor of 0.25 ± 0.06 (SD) of serum samples, the assay is rated an "excellent assay" for the synthetic peptide controls used and a "double assay" when used to prioritize clinical samples. Hits, defined as samples containing BChE Ser-198 adducts or no BChE present, were analyzed in a confirmatory method for identification and quantitation of the BChE adduct, if present. The ability to prioritize samples by highest exposure for confirmatory analysis is of particular importance in an exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors such as organophosphorus nerve agents, in which a large number of clinical samples may be collected. In an initial blind screen, 67 of 70 samples were accurately identified, giving an assay accuracy of 96%, and it yielded no false-negatives. The method is the first to provide a high-throughput prioritization assay for profiling adduction of Ser-198 BChE in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Carter
- 1Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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