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Lu X, Zhu C, Gao Y, Yu Z, Yan Q, Liu Y, Luo M, Shi X. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of pirfenidone-NSAIDs conjugates for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107018. [PMID: 38071874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal, chronic and progressive lung disease that threaten public health like many cancers. In this study, targeting the significant driving factor, inflammatory response, of the IPF, several conjugates of pirfenidone (PFD) with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), along with their derivatives, were designed and synthesized to enhance the anti-IPF potency of PFD. Among these compounds, the (S)-ibuprofen-PFD conjugate 5b exhibited the most potent anti-proliferation activity against NIH3T3 cells, demonstrating up to a 343-fold improvement compared to PFD (IC50 = 0.04 mM vs IC50 = 13.72 mM). Notably, 5b exhibited superior activity in inhibiting the migration of macrophages induced by TGF-β compared to PFD. Additionally, 5b demonstrated significant suppression of TGF-β-induced migration of NIH3T3 cells and induction of apoptosis in NIH3T3 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that 5b reduced the expression of collagen I and α-SMA by inhibiting the TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway. In a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model, treatment with 5b (40 mg/kg/day, orally) exhibited a more pronounced effect on reducing the degree of histopathological changes in lung tissue and alleviating collagen deposition compared to PFD (100 mg/kg/day, orally). Moreover, 5b could block the expression of collagen I, α-SMA, fibronectin, and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) compared to PFD, while demonstrating low toxicity in vivo. These preliminary results indicated that the hybridization of PFD with NSAIDs represented an effective modification approach to improve the anti-IPF potency of PFD. Consequently, 5b emerged as a promising candidate for the further development of new anti-IPF agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, China
| | - Chaoran Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yiwen Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhenqiang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qingqing Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingjin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiufang Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Deng D, Pei H, Lan T, Zhu J, Tang M, Xue L, Yang Z, Zheng S, Ye H, Chen L. Synthesis and discovery of new compounds bearing coumarin scaffold for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111790. [PMID: 31699535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, characterized by excess accumulation of extracellular matrix, involved in many chronic diseases or injuries, threatens human health greatly. We have reported a series of compounds bearing coumarin scaffold which potently inhibited TGF-β-induced total collagen accumulation in NRK-49F cell line and migration of macrophages. Compound 9d also suppressed the TGF-β-induced protein expression of COL1A1, α-SMA, and p-Smad3 in vitro. Meanwhile, 9d at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day through oral administrations for 4 weeks effectively alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue and fibrotic degree in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model, which may related to its inhibition of TGF-β/Smad3 pathway and anti-inflammation efficacy. In addition, 9d demonstrated decent bioavailability (F = 39.88%) and suitable eliminated half-life time (T1/2 = 13.09 h), suggesting that 9d could be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Heying Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingxuan Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linlin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shoujun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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