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Designing a Humanized Immunotoxin Based on HER2 Specific scFv and DFF40 Toxin Against Breast Cancer: An In-Silico Study. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hussain H, McKenzie EA, Robinson AM, Gingles NA, Marston F, Warwicker J, Dickson AJ. Predictive approaches to guide the expression of recombinant vaccine targets in Escherichia coli: a case study presentation utilising Absynth Biologics Ltd. proprietary Clostridium difficile vaccine antigens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5657-5674. [PMID: 34180005 PMCID: PMC8285303 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial expression systems remain a widely used host for recombinant protein production. However, overexpression of recombinant target proteins in bacterial systems such as Escherichia coli can result in poor solubility and the formation of insoluble aggregates. As a consequence, numerous strategies or alternative engineering approaches have been employed to increase recombinant protein production. In this case study, we present the strategies used to increase the recombinant production and solubility of ‘difficult-to-express’ bacterial antigens, termed Ant2 and Ant3, from Absynth Biologics Ltd.’s Clostridium difficile vaccine programme. Single recombinant antigens (Ant2 and Ant3) and fusion proteins (Ant2-3 and Ant3-2) formed insoluble aggregates (inclusion bodies) when overexpressed in bacterial cells. Further, proteolytic cleavage of Ant2-3 was observed. Optimisation of culture conditions and changes to the construct design to include N-terminal solubility tags did not improve antigen solubility. However, screening of different buffer/additives showed that the addition of 1–15 mM dithiothreitol alone decreased the formation of insoluble aggregates and improved the stability of both Ant2 and Ant3. Structural models were generated for Ant2 and Ant3, and solubility-based prediction tools were employed to determine the role of hydrophobicity and charge on protein production. The results showed that a large non-polar region (containing hydrophobic amino acids) was detected on the surface of Ant2 structures, whereas positively charged regions (containing lysine and arginine amino acids) were observed for Ant3, both of which were associated with poor protein solubility. We present a guide of strategies and predictive approaches that aim to guide the construct design, prior to expression studies, to define and engineer sequences/structures that could lead to increased expression and stability of single and potentially multi-domain (or fusion) antigens in bacterial expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirra Hussain
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Edward A McKenzie
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew M Robinson
- Absynth Biologics Ltd., BioHub, Alderley Park, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.,Evotec Limited, Biohub, Alderley Park, Cheshire, England, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Neill A Gingles
- Absynth Biologics Ltd., BioHub, Alderley Park, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.,metaLinear Limited, Biohub, Alderley Park, Cheshire, England, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Fiona Marston
- Absynth Biologics Ltd., BioHub, Alderley Park, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, L3 5QA, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jim Warwicker
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Alan J Dickson
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK.
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Fink M, Schimek C, Cserjan-Puschmann M, Reinisch D, Brocard C, Hahn R, Striedner G. Integrated process development: The key to improve Fab production in E. coli. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000562. [PMID: 33580620 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bioprocess development and optimization is a challenging, costly, and time-consuming effort. In this multidisciplinary task, upstream processing (USP) and downstream processing (DSP) are conventionally considered distinct disciplines. This consideration fosters "one-way" optimization disregarding interdependencies between unit operations; thus, the full potential of the process chain cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to fully integrate USP and DSP process development to provide balanced biotechnological production processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate how different host/secretory signal/antigen binding fragment (Fab) combinations in E. coli expression systems influence USP, primary recovery performance and the final product quality. We ran identical fed-batch cultivations with 16 different expression clones to study growth and product formation kinetics, as well as centrifugation efficiency, viscosity, extracellular DNA, and endotoxin content, important parameters in DSP. We observed a severe influence on cell growth, product titer, extracellular product, and cell lysis, accompanied by a significant impact on the analyzed parameters of DSP performance. Our results provide the basis for future research on integrated process development considering interdependencies between USP and DSP; however, individual products need to be considered specifically. These interdependencies need to be understood for rational decision-making and efficient process development in research and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Fink
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for production of next-level biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Schimek
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for production of next-level biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Cserjan-Puschmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for production of next-level biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Rainer Hahn
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for production of next-level biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Striedner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for production of next-level biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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