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Zehra K, Banu A, Can E, Hülya C. Fisetin and/or capecitabine causes changes in apoptosis pathways in capecitabine-resistant colorectal cancer cell lines. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7913-7926. [PMID: 38748229 PMCID: PMC11449987 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Capecitabine is recommended as one of the first-line chemotherapy treatments for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Researches have been conducted on capecitabine's impact on the viability of human colon cancer cells and its potential to induce apoptosis. However, even in cases initially responsive to treatment, the development of acquired resistance significantly limits its efficacy. Challenges still exist in effectively treating patients with chemotherapy, and developing new cytotoxic drugs is hindered by drug resistance. Fisetin alters the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, and enhancing the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs. This work aims to create a plan for reversing capecitabine resistance. For this purpose, the role of capecitabine and/or fisetin combinations in cell proliferation and apoptosis has been determined in both wild-type and capecitabine-resistant HT29 cells (CR/HT29). We developed capecitabine-resistant cell line from wild-type HT29 cells. This study demonstrated the effects of capecitabine, fisetin, and their combinations on both resistant and wild-type cells through experiments including cell survival skills, cell proliferation, wound healing, colony formation, hoechst staining, and western blot analysis. We established capecitabine-resistant cell lines. P-gp expression increased in CR/HT29 cells. Capecitabine effects on a CR/HT29 cells less than wild-type HT29 cells. The combination of fisetin and capecitabine in cell proliferation caused greater reductions in wild-type HT29 cells than in capecitabine-resistant cells. Fisetin has also additive effects on the apoptotic pathway in CR/HT29 cells. This study provides new perspectives on the combination of capecitabine and/or flavonoid treatment in resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanli Zehra
- Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Basibuyuk-Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Aydin Banu
- School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Marmara University, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Erzik Can
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Marmara University, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Cabadak Hülya
- School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Marmara University, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey.
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Zhou G, Xie RF, Li SN, Chen SX, Feng YM, Xiang N, Tan ZY, Zhou X. Synergic effects and possible mechanism of emodin and stilbene glycosides on colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155821. [PMID: 39004030 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum multiflorum (PM) is a core herb that enhances immunity. It can also detoxify, reduce swelling, and intercept malaria. Its main components, emodin (EMD) and 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (stilbene glycoside, TSG), have good anti-cancer potential. PURPOSE The study aims to investigate synergic effects of EMD and TSG on CRC and its possible mechanism. METHODS Network pharmacology and bioinformatics were used to identify targets. HPLC was used to analyze the effective ingredients in PM and to determine the content of the main ingredients. HT-29 cells were used for in vitro experiments. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and scratch test were used to detect the effects of various chemical components of PM on the proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells, and Western Bolt (WB) test was used to evaluate the effects of EMD and TSG on P53 pathway. In vivo experiments, the effects of EMD and TSG were evaluated by measuring tumor weight and tumor volume in CRC mice model and histological analysis were carried out with HE staining. The expressions of HSP90, P53, COX2, and ROS were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and IFN-γ were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). WB and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression of P53 related proteins. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed PM closely related to colorectal cancer pathway and the core targets included STAT3 and P53; bioinformatics indicated P53 played an important role in the development and prognosis of CRC; chemical analysis showed identified and quantified gallic acid (GA), cis-TSG, trans-TSG, Emodin glucoside(EMDG), physcion glucoside (PHYG), EMD in PM; EMD induced apoptosis and TSG inhibited migration of HT-29 cells; EMD and TSG could coordinately shrink tumor size of CRC mice, elevate expressions of F4/80, decrease the content of IL-6 and TGF-β, promote tumor oxidized and reduce expression of P53 and STAT3 in the tumor. CONCLUSIONS In vitro experiments showed that TSG inhibited cancer cell migration and EMD induced apoptosis. EMD and TSG had synergic effects on CRC, whose possible mechanism might be to regulate the expression of cytokines and inhibit P53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rui-Fang Xie
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shan-Ni Li
- Shanghai Nanyang Model Private High School, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Xiu Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ming Feng
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ze-Ye Tan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zhang L, Zhu D, Jiang J, Min Z, Fa Z. The ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2 induces chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by degradation of ING3. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:562-575. [PMID: 37279970 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is an obstacle for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. This study investigates the role of the ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2 in affecting cell growth and chemosensitivity in CRC cells by modifying the transcription factor inhibitor of growth protein 3 (ING3). The expression of MDM2 and ING3 in CRC tissues was predicted by bioinformatics analysis, followed by expression validation and their interaction in CRC HCT116 and LS180 cells. Ectopic overexpression or knockdown of MDM2/ING3 was performed to test their effect on proliferation and apotptosis as well as chemosensitivity of CRC cells. Finally, the effect of MDM2/ING3 expression on the in vivo tumorigenesis of CRC cells was examined through subcutaneous tumor xenograft experiment in nude mice. MDM2 promoted ubiquitin-proteasome pathway degradation of ING3 through ubiquitination and diminished its protein stability. Overexpression of MDM2 downregulated ING3 expression, which promoted CRC cell proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis. The enhancing role of MDM2 in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs was also confirmed in vivo. Our findings highlight that MDM2 modifies the transcription factor ING3 by ubiquitination-proteasome pathway degradation, thus reducing ING3 protein stability, which finally promotes CRC cell growth and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213004, P. R. China
| | - Dagang Zhu
- General Surgery Department, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213004, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Jiang
- General Surgery Department, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213004, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Min
- General Surgery Department, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213004, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Fa
- General Surgery Department, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213004, P. R. China
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Esmaeili F, Shirzad M, Goodarzi G, Yousefi T, Maniati M, Taheri-Anganeh M, Anushiravani A. The critical role of circular RNAs in drug resistance in gastrointestinal cancers. Med Oncol 2023; 40:116. [PMID: 36917431 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, drug resistance (DR) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as the main reason for cancer-related mortality worldwide, has become a serious problem in the management of patients. Several mechanisms have been proposed for resistance to anticancer drugs, including altered transport and metabolism of drugs, mutation of drug targets, altered DNA repair system, inhibited apoptosis and autophagy, cancer stem cells, tumor heterogeneity, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Compelling evidence has revealed that genetic and epigenetic factors are strongly linked to DR. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) interferences are the most crucial epigenetic alterations explored so far, and among these ncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the most emerging members known to have unique properties. Due to the absence of 5' and 3' ends in these novel RNAs, the two ends are covalently bonded together and are generated from pre-mRNA in a process known as back-splicing, which makes them more stable than other RNAs. As far as the unique structure and function of circRNAs is concerned, they are implicated in proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and DR. A clear understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for circRNAs-mediated DR in the GI cancers will open a new window to the management of GI cancers. Hence, in the present review, we will describe briefly the biogenesis, multiple features, and different biological functions of circRNAs. Then, we will summarize current mechanisms of DR, and finally, discuss molecular mechanisms through which circRNAs regulate DR development in esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- Department of English, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Amir Anushiravani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ebrahimpour M, Mohammadian M, Pourheydar B, Moradi Z, Behrouzkia Z. Effects of Radiotherapy in Combination With Irinotecan and 17-AAG on Bcl-2 and Caspase 3 Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Lasers Med Sci 2022; 13:e9. [DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2022.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: In this study, the cytotoxic and anti-cancer effects of Irinotecan as a conventional chemotherapeutic agent compared to 17-(allyl amino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) as possible radiosensitizers in the HCT-116 cell line were investigated. Methods: HCT-116 cells were treated with various concentrations of irinotecan and 17-AAG and also irradiated with a 2-Gy of X-ray radiation. Then, the cell viability was examined by a water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay after 24 hours. For single therapies and double and triple combination cases, IC50, 0.5×IC50 and 0.25×IC50 concentrations of each drug were selected respectively for a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and other tests. In treated and untreated cells, the caspase 3 and Bcl-2 gene expression ratios were evaluated by the real-time PCR method. Likewise, caspase 3 activity was detected with a colorimetric assay. Results: In all combined treatments, including 17-AAG- radiation, irinotecan - radiation, irinotecan -17-AAG, and irinotecan-17-AAG-radiation, decreased cellular viability and increased TUNEL positive cells were presented versus the control group (P<0.05). There were increased TUNEL positive cells in the triple combination, in concentrations of 0.25×IC50 of each drug, in comparison with single and double agent treatments. Moreover, in triple combination, the caspase 3 mRNA level and caspase 3 activity increased versus related single treatments. Likewise, in the irinotecan-17-AAG-radiation combined treatment and the 17-AAG-radiation double treatment, the Bcl-2 gene expression level decreased in comparison with single therapies. Conclusion: It can be indicated that the combination of chemo-radiotherapy versus single treatments has significant anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Ebrahimpour
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahshid Mohammadian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zhino Moradi
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Behrouzkia
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Investigation of Decitabine Effects on HDAC3 and HDAC7 mRNA Expression in NALM-6 and HL-60 Cancer Cell Lines. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 10:420-428. [PMID: 34981019 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.3.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Decitabine is a potent anticancer hypomethylating agent and changes the gene expression through the gene's promoter demethylation and also independently from DNA demethylation. So, the present study was designed to distinguish whether Decitabine, in addition to inhibitory effects on DNA methyltransferase, can change HDAC3 and HDAC7 mRNA expression in NALM-6 and HL-60 cancer cell lines. Methods HL-60, NALM-6, and normal cells were cultured, and the Decitabine treatment dose was obtained (1 µM) through the MTT assay. Finally, HDAC3 and HDAC7 mRNA expression were measured by Real-Time PCR in HL-60 and NALM-6 cancerous cells before and after treatment. Furthermore, HDAC3 and HDAC7 mRNA expression in untreated HL-60 and NALM-6 cancerous cells were compared to normal cells. Results Our results revealed that the expression of HDAC3 and HDAC7 in HL-60 and NALM-6 cells increases as compared to normal cells. After treatment of HL-60 and NALM-6 cells with Decitabine, HDAC3, and HDAC7 mRNA expression were decreased significantly. Conclusion Our data confirmed that the effects of Decitabine are not limited to direct hypomethylation of DNMTs, but it can indirectly affect other epigenetic factors, such as HDACs activity, through converging pathways.
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7
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Taghvaei F, Rastin SJ, Milani AT, Khameneh ZR, Hamini F, Rasouli MA, Asghari K, Rekabi Shishavan AM, Ebrahimifar M, Rashidi S. Carboplatin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate synergistically induce cytotoxic effects in esophageal cancer cells. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:240-249. [PMID: 34221057 PMCID: PMC8216160 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.314822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: We aimed at evaluating the effects of combinatorial treatments with carboplatin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the KYSE-30 esophageal cancer (EC) cell line and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Experimental approach: EC cells were harvested and exposed to increasing concentrations of carboplatin and EGCG to construct a dose-response plot. Cell inhibitory effects were assessed by the MTT method and apoptosis-related gene expression levels (caspases 8 and 9) and Bcl-2 mRNA were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The lactate levels in the various treated cases were analyzed using the colorimetric assay kit. In addition, total antioxidant capacity was measured. Findings/Results: The results indicated that, following treatments with carboplatin in IC20, IC25, and IC10 concentrations when combined with EGCG in similar concentrations, synergistically decreased cell viability versus single treatments of both agents. Also, in combined treatments at IC20 and IC25 of both agents the gene expression ratio of caspases 8 and 9 upregulated significantly compared to monotherapies (P < 0.05). Bcl-2 gene expression ratios were decreased in double agents treated cells versus monotherapies. Following treatment of KYSE-30 cells with carboplatin and EGCG in double combinations, lactate levels were significantly decreased compared with the untreated cells and single treatments (P < 0.05). Also, in IC25, IC20, and IC10 concentrations of both agents the total antioxidant capacity levels were decreased versus monotherapies and untreated cells. Conclusion and implications: The presented study determined that treatment with carboplatin and EGCG was capable of promoting cytotoxicity in EC cells and inhibits the cancer progress. Combined treatments with low concentrations of carboplatin and EGCG may promote apoptosis induction and inhibit cell growth. These results confirmed the anticancer effects of carboplatin and EGCG and providing a base for additional use of EGCG to the EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Taghvaei
- Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, I.R. Iran
| | - Sepideh Jafarzadeh Rastin
- Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, I.R. Iran
| | - Attabak Toofani Milani
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicine Faculty, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, I.R. Iran
| | - Zakieh Rostamzadeh Khameneh
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Forough Hamini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Aziz Rasouli
- Vice Chancellor for Educational and Research, Kowsar Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, I.R. Iran
| | - Keivan Asghari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Rekabi Shishavan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Meysam Ebrahimifar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahreza Azad University, Shahreza, I.R. Iran
| | - Siamak Rashidi
- Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, I.R. Iran
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Liao Y, Yang Y, Pan D, Ding Y, Zhang H, Ye Y, Li J, Zhao L. HSP90α Mediates Sorafenib Resistance in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Necroptosis Inhibition under Hypoxia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020243. [PMID: 33440739 PMCID: PMC7827218 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypoxia is one of the characteristics of most solid tumors and induces cell resistant to chemotherapy. In this paper, we established a hypoxia model in both in vitro and in vivo to investigate the mechanisms of Sorafenib resistance in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we observed that necroptosis could be an important target of Sorafenib in liver cancer and necroptosis blocking might be important in Sorafenib resistance under hypoxia. Mechanistically, our work suggests that HSP90α plays a pivotal role in Sorafenib-induced necroptosis by binding with necrosome. HSP90α could promote MLKL chaperone-mediated autophagy degradation in hypoxia, which subsequently decreased necroptosis. Consequently, the inhibition of necroptosis contributes to Sorafenib resistant. The Sorafenib resistance was reversed by HSP90α inhibitor-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) in vivo and in vitro. This study highlights the important role of HSP90α in Sorafenib resistance under hypoxia microenvironment, and provides a potential therapy target for liver cancer. Abstract As one of the most common malignancies worldwide, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been treated by Sorafenib, which is the first approved target drug by FDA for advanced HCC. However, drug resistance is one of the obstacles to its application. As a typical characteristic of most solid tumors, hypoxia has become a key cause of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is important to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of Sorafenib resistance under hypoxia. In this study, the morphological changes of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were observed by Live Cell Imaging System and Transmission Electron Microscope; Sorafenib was found to induce necroptosis in liver cancer. Under hypoxia, the distribution of necroptosis related proteins was changed, which contributed to Sorafenib resistance. HSP90α binds with the necrosome complex and promotes chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) degradation, which leads necroptosis blocking and results in Sorafenib resistance. The patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model has been established to investigate the potential therapeutic strategies to overcome Sorafenib resistance. 17-AAG inhibited HSP90α and presented obvious reversal effects of Sorafenib resistance in vivo and in vitro. All the results emphasized that HSP90α plays a critical role in Sorafenib resistance under hypoxia and 17-AAG combined with Sorafenib is a promising therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (D.P.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (D.P.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Di Pan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (D.P.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Youxiang Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (D.P.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (D.P.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yuting Ye
- Pathology and PDX Efficacy Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Jia Li
- Pathology and PDX Efficacy Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (D.P.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Esgandari K, Mohammadian M, Zohdiaghdam R, Rastin SJ, Alidadi S, Behrouzkia Z. Combined treatment with silver graphene quantum dot, radiation, and 17-AAG induces anticancer effects in breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2817-2828. [PMID: 32901933 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the possible anticancer effects of radiation in combination with 17-allylamino-17-demethoxy geldanamycin (17-AAG) and silver graphene quantum dot (SQD) in breast cancer (BC) cells. MCF-7 BC cells treated with, or without, different concentrations of 17-AAG and synthesized SQD and cellular viability detected. The growth inhibitory effects of low concentrations of 17-AAG with minimally toxic concentration of SQD in combination with 2 Gy of X-ray radiation were examined. The apoptosis induction assessed by acridine orange/ethedium bromide staining. Likewise, the levels of lactate, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated. The relative gene expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio was determined. Moreover, the protein expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was assessed by western blot analysis. Treatment with low concentrations of 17-AAG and SQD at a minimally toxic concentration promoted inhibition of BC cell growth and induced apoptosis. In addition, significant reduction in cell viability was seen in triple combination versus all double and single treatments. Indeed 17-AAG and SQD in combined with radiation significantly increased the H2 O2 and NO versus single and double treated cases. In addition, triple combination treatment showed decreased lactate level in compared tomonotherapies. EGFR protein expression levels were found to decreased in all double and triple combined cases versus single treatments. Additionally, in double and triple treatments, Bax/Bcl2 ratio were higher in compared to single treatments. Treatment with low concentrations of 17-AAG and SQD at a minimally toxic concentration tends to induce anticancer effects and increase the radiation effects when applied with 2 Gy of radiation versus radiation monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Esgandari
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahshid Mohammadian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Zohdiaghdam
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sepideh Jafarzadeh Rastin
- Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saba Alidadi
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Behrouzkia
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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10
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Mohammadian M, Feizollahzadeh S, Mahmoudi R, Toofani Milani A, Rezapour-Firouzi S, Karimi Douna B. Hsp90 Inhibitor; NVP-AUY922 in Combination with Doxorubicin Induces Apoptosis and Downregulates VEGF in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1773-1778. [PMID: 32592377 PMCID: PMC7568890 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.6.1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies and leading causes of females’ mortality worldwide. Because of resistance to various treatment options, new treatments based on molecular targeting has introduced as noticeable strategies in cancer treatment. In this regard, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors are proposed as effective anticancer drugs. The goal of the study was to utilize a combination of the doxorubicin (DOX) and NVP-AUY 922 on the MCF-7 breast cancer model to investigate the possible cytotoxic mechanisms. Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was prepared and treated with various concentrations of DOX and NVP-AUY922 in single-drug treatments. We investigated the growth-inhibitory pattern by MTT assay after continuous exposure to NVP-AUY922 and DOX in order to determine dose-response. Then the combinatorial effects were evaluated in concentrations of 0.5 × IC50, 0.2 × IC50, 1 × IC50 and, 2 × IC50 of each drugs. Based on MTT results of double combinations, low effective doses were selected for Real-time PCR [caspase3 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] and caspase 3 enzyme activity. Results: A dose-dependent inhibitory effects were presented with increasing the doses of both drugs in single treatments. The upregulation of caspase 3 and downregulation of VEGF mRNA were observed in double combinations of NVP-AUY922 and DOX versus single treatments. Also, in these combinations in low doses of examined drugs (0.5 × IC50, 0.2 × IC50), higher caspase 3 activity were presented in comparison to single treatments (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings indicate an effective action of NVP-AUY922 in combined with DOX in this cell line. These results can predict the treatment outcome in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Mohammadian
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sadegh Feizollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Mahmoudi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Iran
| | - Attabak Toofani Milani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Soheila Rezapour-Firouzi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahareh Karimi Douna
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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