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Hamed S, Abd El Latief MH, El-Wassefy NA, Montasser MA. Fluoride-amorphous calcium phosphate and biomimetic nano-hydroxyapatite for enamel remineralization: An in-vitro study of surface microhardness and composition. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100865. [PMID: 38457899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM Fluoride-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Biomimetic Nano-Hydroxyapatite for Enamel Remineralization; An In-Vitro Study of Surface Microhardness and Composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-six extracted human premolars with sound buccal surface were divided using a randomization computer-generating software into four groups; Group I (control) sound untreated enamel, Group II (demineralized) demineralized to create white spot lesions, Group III (biom-n-HA) demineralized and then treated with biomimetic nanohydroxyapatite cream, and Group IV (F-ACP) demineralized and then treated using Fluoride-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate varnish. Each group was divided into two subgroups; subgroup "A" evaluated for mineral content using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and for surface microhardness using the Vickers microhardness test and Subgroup "B" evaluated for white spot lesion depth using a polarized light microscope (PLM). RESULTS The highest microhardness (VHN) was found in the (F-ACP) group (mean=428.61±54.43) and then in the (Biom-n-HA) group (mean=408.11±70.16) followed by the (Control) group (mean=402.13±53.40) with no significant difference between them and finally in the significantly different (Demineralized) group (mean=256.99±45.83). The weight percentage of Ca (30.29±1.04 and 33.44±1.07) and Ca/P ratio (1.87±0.06 and 2.03±0.05) were significantly different between Group III and Group IV respectively. PLM measurements in Group II (198.83μm), Group III (60.17μm), and Group IV (26.33μm) were significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Both the (Biom-n-HA) cream and the (F-ACP) varnish showed promising results for enamel remineralization. The increased enamel surface microhardness was consistent with the mineral content and the changes in the birefringence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Hamed
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Noha A El-Wassefy
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona A Montasser
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
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Alkhudhairy F, Bin-Shuwaish MS, Aljamhan AS. Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Proanthocyanidin, Carbon Dioxide Laser Remineralization on the Bond Integrity of Composite Restoration Bonded to Caries-Affected Dentin. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024; 42:350-355. [PMID: 38588575 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Assessment of different remineralizing pretreatment casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), proanthocyanidin (PA), carbon dioxide laser (CO2), eggshell solution (ES) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin composite bonded to remineralized carious-affected dentin (CAD). Materials and methods: Eighty human molars were collected with occlusal caries that extended about halfway into the dentin. Using a water-cooled, low-speed cutting saw, a flat, mid-coronal dentin surface was exposed. CAD was differentiated from healthy dentin. Based on the remineralizing agent used on the CAD surface, the teeth were arbitrarily allocated into five groups (n = 10). Group 1: no remineralizing agent, Group 2: CPP-ACP, Group 3: 6.5% PA solution, Group 4: CO2 laser, and Group 5: ES solution. All samples were bonded to composite and light cured and thermocycled. SBS and failure mode analysis were performed using universal testing and stereomicroscope 40 × . Using SPSS, SBS, and failure mode data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's honesty significant difference (HSD) test Results: Group 3 (6.5% PA solution; 15.59 ± 1.44 MPa) samples established the maximum bond integrity. Nevertheless, Group 1 (No remineralizing agent; 11.19 ± 1.21 MPa) exhibited the minimum outcome of bond strength. Intergroup comparison analysis showed that Group 1 (No remineralizing agent), Group 2 (CPP-ACP), and Group 4 (CO2 laser) established comparable values of bond strength (p > 0.05). Likewise, Group 3 (6.5% PA solution) and Group 5 (EA solution) also revealed equivalent bond integrity (p > 0.05). Conclusions: PA and ES are considered potential remineralizing agents used for caries-affected dentin surfaces in improving bond integrity to composite resin. However, further studies are advocated to extrapolate the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Bin-Shuwaish
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Aljamhan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Larie Baghal SM, Salem K, Saati K. An In-Vitro Comparative Study of Fluoride Varnish and Two Calcium-Containing Fluoride Products on the Remineralization of Primary Teeth Enamel. Front Dent 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 37701656 PMCID: PMC10493113 DOI: 10.18502/fid.v20i23.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of fluoride varnish and two calcium-based fluoride products on the remineralization of primary teeth enamel. Materials and Methods: Surface-microhardness (SMH) of 36 extracted anterior primary teeth was measured by Vickers test (50gr/5 seconds) to provide a baseline for later comparisons. All teeth were immersed in demineralizing solution for 96 hours to create caries-like lesions and SMH was determined for the artificially-induced caries. The teeth were randomly assigned to three groups consisting of 5% fluoride varnish once daily/10 seconds, Clinpro™ 5000 toothpaste once daily/2 minutes, and Remin Pro cream once daily/3 minutes for 28 days. All specimens were kept in artificial saliva with pH cycling during the study period. After remineralization, SMH was evaluated for the last time. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Mauchly's sphericity, and RM-ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for inter-and- intra-group comparisons at the three stages of the study. Results: Neither the baseline SMH nor the SMH of the artificially created caries showed significant differences among the samples (P>0.05). The post-treatment SMH was highest in the Clinpro group (296.4±73.1kgf/mm2), followed by Remin Pro (283.8±119.3kgf/mm2), and varnish (270.9±78.3 kgf/mm2). There was no significant difference among the groups after treatment (P>0.05). We also did not observe a significant difference among the three different study stages (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in-vitro study, daily application of low fluoride-calcium compound seems to be as effective as the professional use of fluoride varnish or high-content fluoride toothpaste in remineralizing initial caries of primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Larie Baghal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Salem
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Saati
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Ghaly YS, El-Wassefy NA, Shamaa MS, Tawfik MA. Effect of self-assembling peptide and other remineralizing agents on preventing initial enamel lesions around orthodontic brackets: An in vitro comparative study. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100751. [PMID: 37003059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare the effect of self-assembling peptide SAP (P11-4), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste (CPP-ACPF), and fluoride varnish (FV) on preventing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets. MATERIAL AND METHODS Orthodontic brackets were bonded to the buccal surfaces of 80 freshly extracted human maxillary premolars. Teeth were randomly assigned to four groups (n=20) according to the remineralizing agent used as follows: SAP (P11-4) group (Curodont™ Protect/Credentis), CPP-ACPF group (MI Paste Plus®/Recaldent™), fluoride varnish group (Profluoride varnish®/VOCO), and control group. All products were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. Specimens were cycled in daily refreshed demineralizing and remineralizing solutions for 8h and 16h, respectively, for 28 days. The calcium/phosphorus ratio (Ca/P) and surface microhardness (SMH) were evaluated at baseline and at two and four weeks. Two-way ANOVA (analysis of variance), one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Two-way ANOVA demonstrated significant differences between remineralizing agents and time points. After 4 weeks, the SAP (P11-4) group had had significantly higher Ca/P ratio and SMH (1.68±0.11 and 346.47±55.38) compared to other groups, followed by CPP-ACPF (1.52±0.19 and 283.53±64.75), FV (1.37±0.14 and 262.80±82.98), and the control group (1.31±0.10 and 213.00±41.95). Significantly higher Ca/P ratio and SMH were observed at 2 weeks in the control group (1.44±0.10 and 269.63±57.37) and FV group (1.52±0.09 and 321.17±55.24) compared to 4 weeks. No significant differences were found regarding Ca/P ratio and SMH at 2 weeks in the CPP-ACPF (1.55±0.15 and 295.14±53.88) and SAP P11-4 groups (1.64±0.10 and 320.18±58.04) compared to 4 weeks. CONCLUSION SAP (P11-4) had the greatest remineralizing efficacy compared to FV and CPP-ACPF. Moreover, extended period of time improved the preventive efficacy of SAP (P11-4) compared to the other regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Samir Ghaly
- Department of Orthodontics, Mansoura University, Faculty of Dentistry, Algomhoria Street, Aldakhlia, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Noha A El-Wassefy
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Mansoura University, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sameh Shamaa
- Department of Orthodontics, Mansoura University, Faculty of Dentistry, Algomhoria Street, Aldakhlia, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ali Tawfik
- Department of Orthodontics, Mansoura University, Faculty of Dentistry, Algomhoria Street, Aldakhlia, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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Shubbar M, Addie A, Al-Taee L. The Effect of a Bioactive Oral System and CO2 Laser on Enamel Susceptibility to Acid Challenge. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061087. [PMID: 36980395 PMCID: PMC10047757 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the structural changes of enamel treated by the Regenerate system and carbon dioxide (CO2) laser against acid challenge. Thirty human enamel slabs were prepared and assigned into three groups: Group I: untreated (control); Group II: treated with the Regenerate system; and Group III exposed to CO2 laser. All specimens were subjected to an acid challenge (pH 4.5–7.0) for 14 days. Specimens were evaluated and compared at 120 points using five Raman microspectroscopic peaks; the phosphate vibrations ν1, ν2, ν3, and ν4 at 960, 433, 1029, and 579 cm−1, respectively, and the carbonate at 1070 cm−1, followed by Vickers microhardness test. The ratio of carbonate to phosphate was correlated to the equivalent microhardness numbers. The intensities of phosphate peaks ν1, ν2, and ν4 were reduced in all groups post-acid challenge, while the carbonate and ν3 were significantly increased (p < 0.000). Surfaces treated by Regenerate exhibited higher peak intensity of phosphate and carbonate before and after pH-cycling (p < 0.05). The mineral content in enamel had a direct effect on tissue microhardness, and the CO2-lased surfaces showed a reduced carbonate content and higher microhardness values. Both approaches induced surface changes that can protect enamel against acid challenge resulting in a significant benefit for dental healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Shubbar
- Department of Conservative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Baghdad College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad P.O. Box 1417, Iraq
| | - Ali Addie
- Center of Advanced Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad P.O. Box 0765, Iraq
| | - Lamis Al-Taee
- Department of Conservative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Baghdad College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad P.O. Box 1417, Iraq
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +964-772-812-0182
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Aljulayfi IS, Alqahtani AS, Binaljadm TM, Alkhurayef IA, Asiri AM, Alheneshi DI. The Attitude and Perception of Dental and Medical Interns Toward Dental Smile Enhancing Treatments. Open Dent J 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v17-e230124-2022-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:
Perception of beauty is different from one individual to another, and this may influence their desire for aesthetic treatment. There are many studies that compared dentists to the general population’s perception of smile treatments. However, only a few studies were carried out to compare the perception of fresh graduate dentists with a comparable group of another medical medical background.
Objective:
This study aimed to compare how medical and dental interns perceive dental smiles and how much they ask for dental enhancement treatments.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study targeting dental and medical interns in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia using an online survey. An online questionnaire was formulated and distributed through social media. Comparisons between groups were made using the Chi-square test with a p-value of significance kept under 0.05.
Results:
204 participants responded to the survey, 107 dental and 97 medical interns (52.5%, 47.5%), respectively. When the participants were asked to rate their satisfaction with their smiles, almost 60% of the dental interns rated their smiles 8/10 or more on a scale of (1-10). When they were asked about the cause of the dissatisfaction, their responses were varying. About 84% of dental interns reported having complications of varying sources because of the smile-enhancing treatment, compared to only 50% of the medical interns.
Conclusion:
Dental and medical interns interacted in the same manner toward smile-enhancing treatments. Dental interns seem to show more satisfaction with their smiles. They also showed more ability to spot and identify the harmful effects of those procedures.
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Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride compared with Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Oral Saliva pH in the Children with Sever-Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC). JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN APPLIED AND BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/rabms.8.4.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Deswal R, Kukreja N, Chhabra S, Trivedi S, Sharma A, Thakur A. Comparative Assessment of Enamel Microhardness Using Various Remineralising Agents on Artificially Demineralized Human Enamel. Cureus 2022; 14:e30281. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Palaniraj S, Murugesan R, Narayan S. Aprotinin – Conjugated biocompatible porous nanocomposite for dentine remineralization and biofilm degradation. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Molaasadolah F, Hosseinipour ZS, Afzali F, Parhizkar A, Poorzandpoush K. The effect of two calcium phosphate-containing agents on the enamel resistance of permanent molars to demineralization: An experimental study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1533-1539. [PMID: 35993588 PMCID: PMC9760130 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main purpose of this experimental study was to determine the in vitro effects of two calcium phosphate-containing agents (Remin Pro® and GC Tooth mousse™) on the enamel resistance of permanent molars to demineralization. METHODS Fifty extracted human third molars were randomly divided into four groups; that is the control group and three case groups treated with Remin Pro®, GC Tooth mousse™, and sodium fluoride gel. The three case groups were treated with 0.25 ml of the paste associated with each experimental group for 5 min, kept in fluoride-free artificial saliva, and incubated at 37°C for 28 days. After the treatment regimen, 10 samples of each case group were subjected to demineralization using an acetic acid-containing solution, and remineralization using a remineralizing solution. The morphology of enamel was observed via scanning electron microscopy and their enamel calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios were measured before/after the demineralization cycle with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests. RESULTS The enamel Ca/P ratios in the case study groups were significantly higher than that of the control group before/after the demineralization regimen (p < .0001). However, the ratios were not significantly different between the case study groups after the treatment regimen and demineralization cycle (p > .05). CONCLUSION The outcomes of the current study indicated that all three agents seemed to increase the enamel resistance of permanent molar teeth to demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Molaasadolah
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zohre Sadat Hosseinipour
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryAJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Ardavan Parhizkar
- Iranian Centre for Endodontic Research, Research Institute for Dental SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Kiana Poorzandpoush
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Chindane AA, Patil AT, Sandhyarani B. Effect of CPP-ACPF, resin infiltration, and colloidal silica infiltration on surface microhardness of artificial white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:52. [PMID: 36159053 PMCID: PMC9490250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Remineralizing agents such as fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) are popular treatment choices for incipient enamel lesions. Recently introduced resin infiltration enhances the esthetics of teeth affected by these enamel lesions. Furthermore, few studies reported the utilization of colloidal silica infiltration for the white spot lesions. However, the potency of these materials for treatment in primary teeth necessitates investigation.Thus, this study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of CPP-ACP fluoride (CPP-ACPF), resin infiltration, and colloidal silica infiltration on surface microhardness in artificial white spot lesions in primary incisors using the Vickers microhardness testing machine. Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, on the labial surface of 45 primary incisors, artificial white spot lesions were created by immersing them in a demineralizing solution. According to the evaluation method, random distribution of specimens into three groups: Group 1: CPP-ACPF, Group 2: resin infiltration, and Group 3: colloidal silica infiltration. Specimens after treatment were stored in artificial saliva, followed by microhardness evaluation using Vickers microhardness. Microhardness readings at baseline, post demineralization, and after treating them with different materials were taken. The level of significance was 0.01. Results Enamel specimens treated with resin infiltration showed a high microhardness mean value compared to CPP-ACPF and colloidal silica infiltration. Conclusion Resin infiltration is a promising and effective treatment option for incipient enamel lesions followed by CPP-ACPF compared to colloidal silica infiltration in primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranta Avinash Chindane
- Department of Pediatric Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Aranta Avinash Chindane, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Sangli - 416 416, Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - Anil T. Patil
- Department of Pediatric Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - B. Sandhyarani
- Department of Pediatric Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
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Zaleh AA, Vaziri AS, Pourhajibagher M, Bahador A. The synergistic effect of Nano-propolis and curcumin-based photodynamic therapy on remineralization of white spot lesions: An ex vivo study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102789. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chindane A, Patil A, Sandhyarani B. Effect of CPP-ACPF, resin infiltration, and colloidal silica infiltration on surface microhardness of artificial white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.351340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Meshki R, Basir L, Rahbar N, Kazempour M. Comparison of the effect of fluoride gel and two toothpastes with different materials on remineralization of initial carious lesions in primary teeth. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3309-3313. [PMID: 34760749 PMCID: PMC8565127 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1046_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Various types of toothpastes are claimed to be able to improve initial enamel caries. This study compared the effect of fluoride gel and two toothpastes on remineralization of initial caries lesions in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty-four sound extracted primary canine were immersed in demineralizing solution at 37°C for 96 h to produce artificial caries in vitro. Enamel pieces (3 × 3 × 5 mm) were prepared from each tooth and mounted in self cure acrylic blocks. The specimens were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 16) based on treatment agent (fluoride gel, Chitodent toothpaste, ReminPro toothpaste, no treatment as control) and underwent a pH cycling model for 10 days. Vickers microhardness (VH) was measured before and after treatment. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance and paired t-test by SPSS 18 (P < 0.05). Results: No significant difference was found in VH between groups at baseline (fluoride group: 265.9 ± 44.8, Chitodent group: 282.6 ± 34.6, ReminPro group: 266.5 ± 26.6, control: 272.7 ± 32.5; P = 0.516). Microhardness significantly increased after exposure to ReminPro toothpaste (VH change: 24.1%, P < 0.001) and fluoride gel (VH change: 10.9%, P = 0.046), but no significant changes were observed in Chitodent (VH change: 2.8%, P = 0.635) and control (VH change: - 2.2%, P = 0.181) groups. Conclusion: ReminPro toothpaste might be effective in remineralizing initial carious lesions of primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Meshki
- Department of Pedodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Basir
- Department of Pedodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nadereh Rahbar
- Department of Nanotechnology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kazempour
- Department of Pedodontics, Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Cross-sectional visual comparison of remineralization efficacy of various agents on early smooth surface caries of primary teeth with swept source optical coherence tomography. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 11:628-637. [PMID: 34603951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sweptsource optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) permits cross-sectional observation of surface/subsurface characteristics of enamel including early carious lesions (ECL) or remineralization non-invasively.This study aimed to visually compare the cross-sectional remineralizing efficacy of various agents on ICDAS-II scores-1&2 by using SS-OCT and histology. Methods Baseline SS-OCT (grey-scale/false-colour) and histology was performed on the randomly selected two samples with scores-1&2. Four remineralizing agents [fluoride-varnish (FV), CPP-ACP, nanohydroxy-paste (NHP) and silver-diamine-fluoride (SDF)]were evaluated for 2-or 6-weeks post-remineralization using SS-OCT and histology. Results Score-1&2 baseline SS-OCT images showed a linear-shaped demineralization with dentino-enamel junction (DEJ) visible; and bowl-shaped demineralization with DEJ invisible respectively. Remineralizing agents were assessed on the basis of their ability to remineralize the surface, subsurface and made visualize the DEJ in score-2. SS-OCT showed an outer growth layer in post-remineralization score-1, 2-weeks samples with FV and NHP. All the agents showed progressive subsurface remineralization in 6 weeks. Active lesions showed rapid uptake of minerals on surface. Subsurface mineralization in pigmented score-2 matched sound enamel with NHP and SDF. Surface remineralization was comparable in FV and SDF followed by NHP. SDF demonstrated deeper subsurface remineralization followed by NHP and CPP-ACP. Conclusion SS-OCT images correlated to histology. SS-OCT could monitor surface/subsurface in-situde/remineralization activity non-invasively.
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Kasraei S, Kasraei P, Valizadeh S, Azarsina M. Rehardening of Eroded Enamel with CPP-ACFP Paste and CO 2 Laser Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3304553. [PMID: 34337003 PMCID: PMC8298158 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3304553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and lifestyle can destroy tooth structure due to the dissolution of enamel by acidic beverages. The present study evaluated the effect of CO2 laser irradiation and CPP-ACFP (casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium phosphate with fluoride) paste on the remineralization of enamel eroded by carbonated soft drinks. METHODS In the present in vitro study, 46 human sound premolar teeth were sectioned mesiodistally to achieve 84 samples. Fourteen samples were assigned to the positive control group (G1), and the remaining samples were immersed in 500 mL of cola drink for 2 minutes, followed by rinsing with distilled water for 10 seconds. This procedure was carried out three times to create erosive lesions. Then, the 60 eroded samples were randomly assigned to five groups of G2 to G6 in terms of the treatment as follows: negative control (G2), CO2 laser irradiation (G3), CPP-ACFP paste (G4), CO2 laser irradiation followed by CPP-ACFP paste application (G5), and CPP-ACFP paste application followed by CO2 laser irradiation (G6). The mean surface microhardness of the enamel surface was evaluated and determined at three points for each sample. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The highest and the lowest hardness values were recorded in the G1 (314 ± 12 kg/mm2) and G2 (213.7 ± 12 kg/mm2) groups, respectively. ANOVA revealed significant differences between the study groups (P < 0.001). Two-by-two comparisons showed significant differences between the G2 group and the other groups, indicating the efficacy of all the treatment modalities in tooth remineralization and rehardening procedures (P < 0.05). Only in group G6, the enamel microhardness was not significantly different from the G1 positive control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Considering the parameters used in the present study, CO2 laser irradiation or CPP-ACFP paste application alone increased eroded enamel's surface hardness; however, their sequential application was more effective in rehardening the eroded enamel's surface to near-normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Kasraei
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Valizadeh
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Restorative Dentistry Department, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Azarsina
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The effect of Remin Pro on the microhardness of initial enamel lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:16. [PMID: 34104363 PMCID: PMC8174489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remineralization is currently considered a treatment option for many clinicians. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of three remineralizing agents on microhardness of initial caries lesions in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study, 96 enamel samples were prepared. Microhardness was first measured for all the samples using the Vickers microhardness test. After developing the initial caries lesions, the microhardness of all the demineralized samples was measured, and the samples were then divided into four groups (n = 24). Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate in Group 1, Remin Pro in Group 2, and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel in Group 3 were placed on the samples for 4 min. The control group received no treatments. The microhardness of the samples was measured again following a pH cycle of 5 days. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and the post hoc test at the significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS The mean microhardness reduced significantly in all the groups following the development of initial caries lesions and after the pH cycle of 3 days (P < 0.001). After the remineralization and pH cycle of 5 days, the mean microhardness was significantly lower in the control group compared to the other three groups (P < 0.001) and had increased in the three treated groups. The microhardness recovery rate also increased in the treated groups compared to the control group, but no significant differences were observed between the three groups themselves (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Remin Pro can be used as an effective substance for preventing tooth caries in children.
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Vicente A, Ortiz-Ruiz AJ, González-Paz BM, Martínez-Beneyto Y, Bravo-González LA. Effectiveness of a toothpaste and a serum containing calcium silicate on protecting the enamel after interproximal reduction against demineralization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:834. [PMID: 33437013 PMCID: PMC7804454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of a calcium silicate/phosphate fluoridated tooth paste and a serum compared with a toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite on protecting the enamel after interproximal reduction against demineralization. 3 sets of eleven incisors were created. The teeth underwent interproximal enamel reduction (IER) of 0.5 mm. Each set was allocated to one of three groups: (1) Brushing without toothpaste (control group); (2) Vitis toothpaste + Remin Pro; (3) Regenerate toothpaste + Regenerate Serum. The agents were applied three times a day and specimens subjected to demineralization cycles for 30 days. The weight percentages of calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) were quantified by X-ray microfluorescence spectroscopy. Surface microhardness measurements and electron scanning microscopy (SEM) observations were made. Ca data and the Ca/P ratio were significantly higher in Group 3 than the other groups (p < 0.017), while P was significantly lower in Group 3 (p < 0.017). No significant differences were found between Groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.017). Group 3 showed significantly higher microhardness values (p < 0.05) than Group 1. No significant differences were found for other comparisons between groups (p < 0.05). SEM images showed less demineralization in Group 3. The application of a calcium silicate/phosphate fluoridated tooth paste (Regenerate advance) and a dual serum (Regenerate advance enamel serum) protect the enamel with interproximal reduction against demineralization. Therefore, this treatment could be used to prevent the dissolution of hydroxyapatite after IER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ascensión Vicente
- Unit of Orthodontics, University Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio J Ortiz-Ruiz
- Department of Child Integrated Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine-Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Belén M González-Paz
- Unit of Orthodontics, University Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Martínez-Beneyto
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine-Dentistry, University of Murcia, Avda Marqués de los Vélez. Morales Meseguer, Clínica Odontológica Universitaria 2ºplanta, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
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Parisay I, Nourolahian H, Mir F. The effect of Remin Pro on the microhardness of initial enamel lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.311423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Behrouzi P, Heshmat H, Hoorizad Ganjkar M, Tabatabaei SF, Kharazifard MJ. Effect of Two Methods of Remineralization and Resin Infiltration on Surface Hardness of Artificially Induced Enamel Lesions. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2020; 21:12-17. [PMID: 32158780 PMCID: PMC7036357 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2019.77864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: The progression of incipient carious lesions may be simply prevented by non-invasive remineralization of lesions, eliminating the need for invasive and high-cost restorative procedures. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of two commonly used remineralizing agents and resin infiltration on surface micro hardness of incipient enamel lesions at different time points. Materials and Method:
In this in vitro study, 45 intact human maxillary central incisors were selected. After disinfection, enamel samples measuring 5x5x2.5 mm were cut out of the labial surface of the teeth.
The surface of samples was polished and they were mounted in auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. According to Amaechi’s method, samples were immersed in acidified hydroxyethylcellulose system (pH= 4.5)
for 96 hours to induce white spot lesions (WSLs). The baseline value of surface micro hardness of samples was measured using a Vickers hardness tester,
then the samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=15) based on different remineralization methods: MI-Paste Plus, Remin Pro and ICON-Infiltrant according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
All samples were stored in anti-dry mouth treatment agent during the experiment and their surface hardness was measured at 15 days (T1) and 20 weeks (T2).
Results: The hardness of samples in MI-Paste Plus and Remin Pro groups significantly increased at both T1 and T2 (p< 0.001) but this increase was not significant in ICON group (p> 0.05). Conclusion: MI-Paste Plus and Remin Pro can efficiently increase the hardness of incipient enamel lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haleh Heshmat
- Dental Material Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dept. of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Mohammadipour HS, Maghrebi ZF, Ramezanian N, Ahrari F, Daluyi RA. The effects of sodium hexametaphosphate combined with other remineralizing agents on the staining and microhardness of early enamel caries: An in vitro modified pH-cycling model. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2019; 16:398-406. [PMID: 31803386 PMCID: PMC6873235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to determine the effects of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) combined with other remineralizing agents on the staining and microhardness of early enamel caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS in This in vitro study The enamel buccal surfaces of 70 bovine incisors were classified into seven study groups (n = 10). Remineralizing agents were employed alone and in combination with SHMP in different groups, including: (1) 8% SHMP, (2) 2% sodium fluoride, (3) 2% sodium fluoride + SHMP, (4) Remin Pro®, (5) Remin Pro®+SHMP, (6) MI Paste Plus, and (7) MI Paste Plus + SHMP. A modified pH-cycling technique was used to reconstruct the dynamics of caries. Colorimetric and microhardness analyses were conducted before demineralization (T1), after caries formation (T2), and after the remineralizing treatment (T3). The data were analyzed by the one-way analysis of variance and the repeated measurement analysis (P > 0.05). RESULTS After remineralizing cycles, the experimental groups treated with either SHMP alone or in combination with other materials showed less significant changes in the three variables of color (Δa, Δb, and ΔL) and the overall color change (ΔE). The enamel caries treated with Remin Pro® presented the highest color change, while Remin Pro®+ SHMP resulted in the least changes. The mean value of microhardness after remineralization improved significantly in all groups, except in the MI Paste Plus + SHMP group that showed the lowest value. In contrast, the highest microhardness value was recorded for Remin Pro®, being comparable to that of the sound teeth (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION SHMP, either alone or combined with remineralizing agents, created the least staining. Remineralizing materials alone showed higher surface hardness, while sodium fluoride alone showed higher surface hardness when combined with SHMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Faghfour Maghrebi
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navid Ramezanian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ahrari
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roya Amiri Daluyi
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kooshki F, Pajoohan S, Kamareh S. Effects of treatment with three types of varnish remineralizing agents on the microhardness of demineralized enamel surface. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e630-e635. [PMID: 31516661 PMCID: PMC6731000 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Remineralization of incipient caries is one of the goals in dental health care ,especially in pediatric dentistry. The present study aimed at comparing the effects of MI varnish (3M (United states)) , Nano paste( FGM(Brezil) ), 5% sodium fluoride varnish) DuraphatColgate (united states) ) on remineralization of enamel lesions. Material and Methods In this in-vitrostudy, 60 intact human pre-molars, were randomly allocated to four groups of 15. Baseline surface microhardness in three points in the center of the polished area was measured. After two days of immersion in demineralizing solution, microhardness of all samples was measured. Afterward, groups 1-3 under-went treatment with MI varnish, nano paste, 5% sodium fluoride varnish and then again microhardness was measured. The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonfreni table was used. Results Duraphat varnish in comparison with control group, significantly increased surface microhardness and in comparison with Nano and MI paste varnish groups significant differences was shown between groups. (P< 0.05). MI paste varnish and Nano paste similary showed more increases in surface microhardness in comparison with Duraphat varnish and control groups (P≈1). Conclusions According to the results of this study, all three varnishes, Duraphat , MI paste and Nano paste increase the enamel surface microhardness and remineralization of incipient caries. MI paste and Nano paste compared to Duraphat Varnish, significantly showed more increases in enamel surface microhardness but Nano paste and MI paste were almost the same. Key words:CPP-ACP, Nano varnish, fluoride varnish, microhardness, demineralization, remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Kooshki
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sanaz Kamareh
- Postgraduate student of Pediatric dentistry, Department of Pediatric dentistry, School of Dentistry , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Daluyi R, Mohammadipour H, Maghrebi Z, Ramezanian N, Ahrari F. The effects of sodium hexametaphosphate combined with other remineralizing agents on the staining and microhardness of early enamel caries: An in vitro modified pH-cycling model. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.270778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Serdar-Eymirli P, Turgut MD, Dolgun A, Yazici AR. The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser, fluoride, and CPP-ACP on caries resistance of primary enamel. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:881-891. [PMID: 30446860 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of different remineralization agents and laser on caries resistance of primary enamel. In the study, 150 sound primary molars were used. The initial microhardness values were measured and the teeth were randomly assigned to ten treatment groups (n = 15): no treatment/negative control (C), NaF, APF, fluoride varnish (FV), CPP-ACP, laser (L), L + NaF, L + APF, L + FV, L + CPP-ACP. The microhardness values were measured after the treatments and the pH cycle. The obtained data were analyzed statistically. One sample from each group was examined before treatment, after treatment, and after the pH cycle with a scanning electron microscope. While microhardness values after treatment compared to baseline increased, microhardness after the pH cycle decreased compared to after treatment values in all experimental groups (p < 0.05). In regard to the difference in microhardness after the pH cycle and baseline, there were no statistically significant differences between groups C and NaF and between C and CPP-ACP (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between groups L and L + FV (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was noted between groups L and L + NaF, L + APF, L + CPP-ACP (p > 0.05). As a conclusion, FV is more effective when used in combination with laser than laser alone. NaF, CPP-ACP, and laser may be insufficient in protecting the primary teeth against acid attacks compared to FV used with laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Serdar-Eymirli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Altindağ, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - M D Turgut
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Altindağ, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.,Hacettepe University Dental Laser Application and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Dolgun
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A R Yazici
- Hacettepe University Dental Laser Application and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Ahrari F, Mohammadipour HS, Hajimomenian L, Fallah-Rastegar A. The effect of diode laser irradiation associated with photoabsorbing agents containing remineralizing materials on microhardness, morphology and chemical structure of early enamel caries. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e955-e962. [PMID: 30386500 PMCID: PMC6203911 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the effects of laser irradiation associated with photo-absorbing agents containing sodium fluoride (NaF), MI paste Plus or Remin Pro® on microhardness and surface structure of white spot lesions (WSLs). Material and Methods Fifty-six premolars were divided into two halves, then immersed in a demineraling solution to induce WSLs. The samples were divided into 8 groups by treatment (n=12) : (1) control, (2) diode laser (810 nm, 500 mW, 90 s), (3) NaF, (4) MI Paste plus, (5) Remin Pro®, (6) NaF + Laser, (7) MI Paste Plus + Laser, (8) Remin Pro® + Laser. Microhardness was measured before and after remineralization treatments. Two samples from each group were selected for SEM analysis. Results Microhardness increased significantly after all treatments with the exception of control, Laser and Remin Pro® groups (p >0.05). ANOVA revealed no significant difference in initial microhardness (P=0.21), whereas a significant difference was noted after treatment (P=0.009). The application of sodium fluoride with or without laser irradiation produced the highest microhardness among the groups (p<0.05). SEM analysis revealed some cracks on lased enamel and non-homogenous coatings of minerals after the use of remineralizing products. Conclusions The use of NaF either alone or combined with laser irradiation was the most effecttive strategy for increasing microhardness of WSLs. The application of diode laser through photoabsorbing agents containing sodium fluoride or MI Paste Plus did not produce any additional effects in enhancing remineralization of WSLs, whereas the combined application of diode laser with Remin Pro® was effective. Key words:CPP-ACP, Enamel caries, fluoride, Hydroxyapatite, Low level laser, Microhardness, Remineralization, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ahrari
- Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh-Sadat Mohammadipour
- Assistant Professor of Restorative Dentistry, Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ladan Hajimomenian
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Fallah-Rastegar
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Khamverdi Z, Kordestani M, Panahandeh N, Naderi F, Kasraei S. Influence of CO2 Laser Irradiation and CPPACP Paste Application on Demineralized Enamel Microhardness. J Lasers Med Sci 2018; 9:144-148. [PMID: 30026901 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2018.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: It has been suggested that the application of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate paste (CPP-ACP) and CO2 laser irradiation on enamel could increase the resistance of enamel to caries and acid attacks. The aim of the current study was to compare the influence of CPP-ACP paste application and irradiation of CO2 laser on microhardness of demineralized enamel. Methods: Thirty sound maxillary extracted premolars were selected. The crowns were cut at the cervical line and were split into facial and palatal halves. Specimens were mounted in selfcure acrylic blocks in such way that the enamel surface was exposed to 4×4 mm. After a pH cycling of the specimens, they were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15), as follows: CG: Control group, LAS: CO2 laser, CP: CPP-ACP and LASCP: laser combined CPP-ACP treatment. The Vickers microhardness of the specimens was measured (500 g load, 5 seconds, 3 points). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α =0.05). Results: The lowest mean Vickers microhardness value was observed in CG group (192.57±50.87 kg/mm2 ) and the highest in LASCP group (361.86±22.22 kg/mm2 ). There were significant differences between groups (P<0.001). The pairwise comparison of the groups revealed that there were significant differences between these groups: CG versus LAS, CP, LASCP (P<0.05) and LASCP versus LAS and CP (P<0.05). No significant difference between LAS group versus CP group (P>0.05) was observed. Conclusion: The results of the current study revealed that CO2 laser and CCP-ACP were effective for improvement of enamel hardness value after demineralization. Incorporation of CO2 laser irradiation and CCP-ACP paste application provides additional remineralizing potential for demineralized enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khamverdi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Matin Kordestani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Narges Panahandeh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Naderi
- School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahin Kasraei
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ebrahimi M, Mehrabkhani M, Ahrari F, Parisay I, Jahantigh M. The effects of three remineralizing agents on regression of white spot lesions in children: A two-week, single-blind, randomized clinical trial. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e641-e648. [PMID: 28512540 PMCID: PMC5429475 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effect of three remineralizing agents on improving white spot lesions (WSLs). MATERIAL AND METHODS This clinical trial included children who had at least one WSL on anterior teeth of upper or lower jaws. The participants were randomly assigned to 4 groups by treatment: 1) a cream containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride (MI Paste Plus); 2) a cream containing hydroxyapatite and fluoride (Remin Pro); 3) a 2% sodium fluoride gel; and 4) usual home care (control). The treatment was performed for 3 times over 10 days using special trays for retaining remineralizing agents. The area and mineral content of WSLs were measured at baseline (T1) and 1 day after finishing treatment (T2). Blinding was applied for outcome assessment. RESULTS Eighty patients were assigned to MI Paste Plus, Remin Pro, NaF or control groups. The application of all remineralizing agents caused a significant decrease in area and a significant increase in mineral content of WSLs (p<0.05), whereas the control patients did not experience any significant alteration (p>0.05). At T2, the area of WSLs was significantly lower in three experimental groups compared to the control group (p=0.023), but between-group difference in mineral content of WSLs failed to achieve statistical significance (p=0.08). CONCLUSIONS The in-office application of either MI Paste Plus or Remin Pro was as effective as 2% NaF for reducing area and increasing mineral content of WSLs. MI Paste Plus and Remin Pro could be recommended as suitable alternatives to NaF for managing WSLs. Key words:White spot lesion, caries, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, sodium fluoride, CPP-ACP, MPlus, Remin Pro, NaF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Ebrahimi
- Associate Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrabkhani
- Associate Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ahrari
- Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Parisay
- Associate Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Clinical assessment of demineralization and remineralization surrounding orthodontic brackets with FluoreCam. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Aziznezhad M, Alaghemand H, Shahande Z, Pasdar N, Bijani A, Eslami A, Dastan Z. Comparison of the effect of resin infiltrant, fluoride varnish, and nano-hydroxy apatite paste on surface hardness and streptococcus mutans adhesion to artificial enamel lesions. Electron Physician 2017; 9:3934-3942. [PMID: 28461867 PMCID: PMC5407225 DOI: 10.19082/3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dental caries is a major public health problem, and Streptococcus mutans is considered the main causal agent of dental caries. This study aimed to compare the effect of three re-mineralizing materials: resin infiltrant, fluoride varnish, and nano-hydroxy apatite paste on the surface hardness and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans as noninvasive treatments for initial enamel lesions. Methods This experimental study was conducted from December 2015 through March 2016 in Babol, Iran. Artificial enamel lesions were created on 60 enamel surfaces, which were divided into two groups: Group A and Group B (30 subjects per group). Group A was divided into three subgroups (10 samples in each subgroup), including fluoride varnish group, nano-hydroxy apatite paste group (Nano P paste), and resin infiltrant group (Icon-resin). In Group A, the surface hardness of each sample was measured in three stages: First, on an intact enamel (baseline); second, after creating artificial enamel lesions; third, after application of re-mineralizing materials. In Group B, the samples were divided into five subgroups, including intact enamel, demineralized enamel, demineralized enamel treated with fluoride varnish, Nano P paste, and Icon-resin. In Group B, standard Streptococcus mutans bacteria adhesion (PTCC 1683) was examined and reported in terms of colony forming units (CFU/ml). Then, data were analyzed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and post hoc tests. Results In Group A, after treatment with re-mineralizing materials, the Icon-resin group had the highest surface hardness among the studied groups, then the Nano P paste group and fluoride varnish group, respectively (p = 0.035). In Group B, in terms of bacterial adhesion, fluoride varnish group had zero bacterial adhesion level, and then the Nano P paste group, Icon-resin group, intact enamel group, and the de-mineralized enamel group showed bacterial adhesion increasing in order (p < 0.001). Conclusion According to the study among the examined materials, the resin infiltrant increased the tooth surface hardness as the intact enamel and fluoride varnish had the highest reduction level for bacterial adhesion. Nano P paste had an effect between the two materials, both in increasing surface hardness and reducing bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiye Aziznezhad
- Postgraduate Student, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Homayoon Alaghemand
- Associate Professor, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahande
- Academic Member of Laboratorial Sciences Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Nilgoon Pasdar
- Assistant Professor, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Pedodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Bijani
- Social determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Eslami
- MD, Specialist of Infectious Disease, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zohre Dastan
- MSc, Biochemistry Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Khamverdi Z, Kordestani M, Soltanian AR. Effect of Proanthocyanidin, Fluoride and Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Remineralizing Agents on Microhardness of Demineralized Dentin. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2017; 14:76-83. [PMID: 29104598 PMCID: PMC5662512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentin remineralization using proanthocyanidin (PA), fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste and their various combinations on microhardness of demineralized root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred and twenty freshly extracted sound human premolars were selected and randomly divided into eight groups for dentin treatment as follows. C: Deionized water (control); PA: 6.5% PA solution; F: fluoride varnish (5% NaF, 22600 ppm fluoride); CP: CCP-ACP; PAF: 6.5% PA + fluoride varnish; PACP: 6.5% PA + CCP-ACP; FCP: fluoride varnish + CCP-ACP and PAFCP: 6.5% PA + fluoride varnish + CCP-ACP. All specimens were subjected to Vickers microhardness test (500 g, 10 seconds, 3 points). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. The significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation (SD) values of Vickers hardness number (VHN) in groups C, PA, F, CP, PAF, PACP, FCP and PAFCP were 37.39±4.97, 38.68±4.62, 48.28±2.68, 41.91±3.32, 48.59±2.55, 53.34±2.57, 48.413±4.00 and 55.20±1.82, respectively. Pairwise comparisons of the groups revealed that there was no significant difference between groups C and PA, PA and CP, F and PAF, F and FCP, PAF and FCP, and PACP and FPACP (P>0.05); but significant differences were observed between other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that the tested dentin treatments increased the microhardness of demineralized root dentin except for PA application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khamverdi
- Professor, Dental Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Matin Kordestani
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,Corresponding author: M. Kordestani, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,
| | - Ali Reza Soltanian
- Professor, Department of Biostatiatics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncomunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Sivapriya E, Sridevi K, Periasamy R, Lakshminarayanan L, Pradeepkumar AR. Remineralization ability of sodium fluoride on the microhardness of enamel, dentin, and dentinoenamel junction: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:100-104. [PMID: 28855756 PMCID: PMC5564234 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_353_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Dental tissues such as enamel, dentinoenamel junction (DEJ), dentin, and root dentin can react differently to demineralization and remineralization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization ability of sodium fluoride on the microhardness of enamel, dentin, and dentinoenamel junction. Materials and Methods: Ten extracted third molar teeth were sectioned mesiodistally to form control and test groups. For the test group, initial demineralization was done with acetic acid for 24 h followed by remineralization for 28 days by application of sodium fluoride (226 ppm) for 2 min twice a day. Vickers microhardness test was done to control and test groups at different sites after initial demineralization and on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, and 28th day of remineralization. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc test with a significance level of P < 0.001 with SPSS (21) software. Results: Microhardness values in the demineralization group were significantly lower than controls (P < 0.001). Evaluation of remineralization samples showed that microhardness similar to control values were achieved at the 3rd day in root predentin and on the 5th day in coronal dentin and coronal predentin. On the 7th day, remineralization coronal predentin was significantly higher than the control (P < 0.001). On the 14th day, DEJ axial zone and root dentin were similar to control and coronal dentin was significantly higher than the control (P < 0.001). Enamel was similar to control on the 28th day. Microhardness of DEJ-cusp tip and DEJ-center of the fissure was significantly lower than control even at the 28th day (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Long-term repeated application of sodium fluoride (226 ppm) can improve the microhardness of demineralized dental tissues on enamel, dentin, and DEJ-axial zone, except in the DEJ-cusp tip and DEJ-center of fissure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elangovan Sivapriya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. M. G. R. University, Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Sridevi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. M. G. R. University, Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravishankar Periasamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. M. G. R. University, Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshmikanthanbharathi Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. M. G. R. University, Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Angambakkam Rajasekaran Pradeepkumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. M. G. R. University, Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rirattanapong P, Vongsavan K, Saengsirinavin C, Khumsub P. The efficiency of child formula dentifrices containing different calcium and phosphate compounds on artificial enamel caries. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:559-567. [PMID: 28032049 PMCID: PMC5184391 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.195517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fluoride toothpaste has been extensively used to prevent dental caries. However, the risk of fluorosis is concerning, especially in young children. Calcium phosphate has been an effective remineralizing agent and is present in commercial dental products, with no risk of fluorosis to users. This in vitro study aimed to compare the effects of different calcium phosphate compounds and fluoride-containing dentifrices on artificial caries in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty sound primary incisors were coated with nail varnish, leaving two 1 mm2 windows on the labial surface before immersion in demineralizing solution for 96 hours to produce artificial enamel lesions. Subsequently, one window from each tooth was coated with nail varnish, and all 50 teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10); group A - deionized water; group B - casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste (Tooth Mousse); group C - 500 ppm F (Colgate Spiderman®); group D - nonfluoridated toothpaste with triple calcium phosphate (Pureen®); and group E - tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Polarized light microscopy and Image-Pro® Plus software were used to evaluate lesions. RESULTS After a 7-day pH-cycle, mean lesion depths in groups A, B, C, D, and E had increased by 57.52 ± 10.66%, 33.28 ± 10.16%, 17.04 ± 4.76%, 32.51 ± 8.99%, and 21.76 ± 8.15%, respectively. All data were processed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 16.0) software package. Comparison of percentage changes using one-way analysis of variance and Fisher's least squares difference tests at a 95% level of confidence demonstrated that group A was significantly different from the other groups (P < 0.001). Lesions in groups B and D had a significant lesion progression when compared with groups C and E. CONCLUSIONS All toothpastes in this study had the potential to delay the demineralization progression of artificial enamel caries in primary teeth. The fluoride 500 ppm and TCP toothpastes were equal in the deceleration of enamel caries progression and better than CPP-ACP paste and TCP toothpaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praphasri Rirattanapong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kadkao Vongsavan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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