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Abubakr S, Hazem NM, Sherif RN, Elhawary AA, Botros KG. Correlation between SDF-1α, CD34 positive hematopoietic stem cells and CXCR4 expression with liver fibrosis in CCl4 rat model. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:323. [PMID: 37730560 PMCID: PMC10512633 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02932-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most frequent disorders is liver fibrosis. An improved understanding of the different events during the process of liver fibrosis & its reversibility could be helpful in its staging and in finding potential therapeutic agents. AIM The goal of this research was to evaluate the relationship among CD34 + HPSCs, SDF-1α, and CXCR4 receptor expression with the percentage of the area of hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into the control group, liver injury group & spontaneous reversion group. The liver injury was induced by using 2 ml/kg CCl4 twice a week. Flow cytometric examination of CD34 + cells in the blood & liver was performed. Bone marrow & liver samples were taken for evaluation of the SDF-1α mRNA by PCR. Liver specimens were stained for histopathological and CXCR4 immuno-expression evaluation. RESULTS In the liver injury group, the hepatic enzymes, fibrosis area percentage, CXCR4 receptor expression in the liver, CD34 + cells in the blood and bone marrow & the level SDF-1α in the liver and its concentration gradient were statistically significantly elevated with the progression of the liver fibrosis. On the contrary, SDF-1α in the bone marrow was statistically significantly reduced with the development of liver fibrosis. During the spontaneous reversion group, all the studied parameters apart from SDF-1α in the bone marrow were statistically substantially decreased compared with the liver injury group. We found a statistically substantial positive correlation between fibrosis area and all of the following: liver enzymes, CXCR4 receptor expression in the liver, CD34 + cells in the blood and liver, and SDF- 1α in the liver and its concentration gradient. In conclusion, in CCl4 rat model, the fibrosis area is significantly correlated with many parameters in the blood, bone marrow, and liver, which can be used during the process of follow-up during the therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abubakr
- Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Noha M Hazem
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Pathological Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - R N Sherif
- Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdelmohdy Elhawary
- Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Kamal G Botros
- Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Jiang T, Leng W, Zhong S. Diagnostic Role of Circulating miRNAs in the Grading of Chronic Hepatitis B-Related Liver Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Lab Med 2023; 54:479-488. [PMID: 36637253 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE miRNAs are considered potential biomarkers that can be used for the grading of chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related liver fibrosis. This meta-analysis aims to elucidate the diagnostic performance of miRNAs. METHODS Databases were used to search for meta-analyses. A bivariate model was used to calculate pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). In addition, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 9 studies with 1159 patients with CHB-related liver fibrosis were assessed. For diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0.73 (95% CI, 0.68-0.78), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.70-0.84), 3.32 (95% CI, 2.52-4.37), 0.34 (95% CI, 0.30-0.39), 9.70 (95% CI, 7.10-13.24), and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.77-0.84), respectively. CONCLUSION miRNAs are potential biomarkers of CHB-related liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenying Leng
- Emergency Department, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Sen Zhong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wan C, Gu T, Ling J, Qin Y, Luo J, Sun L, Hua L, Zhao J, Jiang S. Perfluorooctane sulfonate aggravates CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis via HMGB1/TLR4/Smad signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:983-994. [PMID: 34990082 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a widespread environmental pollutant and may cause a variety of adverse health effects. The hepatotoxicity of PFOS has attracted particular attention, given the fact that the liver has one of the highest PFOS accumulations among human tissues. In this study, we revealed that subchronic PFOS exposure may exacerbate carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced liver fibrosis in animal models. Administration with 1 mg/kg PFOS every other day for 56 days dramatically enhanced CCl4 -mediated liver injury and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Furthermore, PFOS exposure may promote the activation of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway through inducing the secretion of HMGB1 from hepatocytes. PFOS exposure induced the translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus into the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cultured BRL-3A cells at a starting concentration of 50 μM. This process is accompanied with concurrent flux of calcium, suggesting a link between calcium signaling and HMGB1 release following PFOS exposure. Finally, we showed that PFOS-exposed conditional medium (PFOS-CM) of hepatocytes may induce the translocation of Smad2/3 in HSCs in a TLR4-dependent manner. Taken together, subchronic PFOS exposure might play a pro-fibrotic role via a HMGB1/TLR4-dependent Smad signaling in HSCs. Our findings for the first time uncovered an involvement of PFOS exposure in liver fibrosis via HMGB1/TLR4/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tianye Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Junyi Ling
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Haimen District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haimen, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashan Luo
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lingli Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianya Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengyang Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Protocatechuic acid protects against thioacetamide-induced chronic liver injury and encephalopathy in mice via modulating mTOR, p53 and the IL-6/ IL-17/ IL-23 immunoinflammatory pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 440:115931. [PMID: 35202709 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (PCA), a natural phenolic acid, is known for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-fibrotic activities. However, the protective mechanisms of PCA on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver/brain injury are not well addressed. Chronic liver injury was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of TAA (200 mg/kg, 3 times/week) for 8 weeks. Simultaneously, PCA (100, 150 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was given daily from the 4th week. Protocatechuic acid ameliorated liver and brain damage indicated by the decrease in serum activities of aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, levels of bilirubin, and ammonia concomitant with restoration of normal albumin levels. Additionally, PCA treatment ameliorated oxidative stress in liver and brain, confirmed by the decrease in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels and the increase in antioxidant activities. Moreover, PCA showed anti-inflammatory actions through downregulation of TNF-α expression in the liver and IL-6/IL-17/IL-23 levels in the brain, which is confirmed by the decrease in CD4+ T brain cell numbers. Most importantly, PCA treatment showed a significant decrease in mTOR level and number of LC3 positive cells in both liver and brain tissues. Consequently, PCA could inhibit mTOR-induced apoptosis, as it showed anti-apoptotic actions through downregulation of caspase-3 expression in liver and p53 expression in liver and brain. Furthermore, liver and brain tissues of treated mice showed restoration of normal histology. It can be concluded that, several mechanisms, including: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-autophagic and anti-apoptotic activities can be implicated in the hepato- and neuroprotective potentials of PCA.
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Caradonna A, Patel T, Toleska M, Alabed S, Chang SL. Meta-Analysis of APP Expression Modulated by SARS-CoV-2 Infection via the ACE2 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031182. [PMID: 35163117 PMCID: PMC8835589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques from improper amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) cleavage. Following studies of inflammation caused by coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) infection, this study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on APP expression. A meta-analysis was conducted utilizing QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to examine the link between severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the modulation of APP expression upon virus binding the Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor. A Core Analysis was run on the infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus node, which included molecules affected by SARS-CoV-2, revealing its upstream regulators. Intermediary molecules were found between the upstream regulators and ACE2 and between ACE2 and APP. Activation of the upstream regulators downregulated the expression of ACE2 with a Z-score of -1.719 (p-value = 0.086) and upregulated APP with a Z-score of 1.898 (p-value = 0.058), showing a less than 10% chance of the results occurring by chance and pointing to an inverse relationship between ACE2 and APP expression. The neuroinflammation signaling pathway was the fifth top canonical pathway involved in APP upregulation. The study results suggest that ACE2 could be downregulated by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in APP upregulation, and potentially exacerbating the onset and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Caradonna
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; (A.C.); (T.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Tanvi Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; (A.C.); (T.P.); (M.T.)
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
| | - Matea Toleska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; (A.C.); (T.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Sedra Alabed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; (A.C.); (T.P.); (M.T.)
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (S.L.C.)
| | - Sulie L. Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; (A.C.); (T.P.); (M.T.)
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (S.L.C.)
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Bozhkov AI, Bozhkov AA, Ponomarenko IE, Kurguzova NI, Akzhyhitov RA, Goltvyanskii AV, Klimova EM, Shapovalov SO. Elimination of the toxic effect of copper sulfate is accompanied by the normalization of liver function in fibrosis. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for biologically active compounds that regulate liver function in fibrosis is an urgent medical and biological problem. A working hypothesis was tested, according to which low molecular weight biologically active compounds from Pleurotus ostreatus and Sacharamirses cerevisiae are capable of exerting immunomodulatory and antitoxic effects after intoxication of the body with ions of heavy metals, in particular copper sulfate. Elimination of the toxic effect caused by copper sulfate can also ensure the normalization of liver function in various pathologies, in particular with liver fibrosis. When determining toxicity, a study was carried out on Wistar rats, and when studying the effect of low molecular weight biologically active compounds on liver function, clinical trials were carried out on volunteers. The activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, actonitase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as the content of bilirubin and lipid hydroperoxides were determined. It was shown that preliminary administration of biologically active compounds to rats at a dose of 0.05 mL/100 g of body weight provided the formation in some animals (up to 80%) of resistance to the toxic effect of copper sulfate (dose 2.5 mg/100 g of body weight). Such stability is associated with a shift in the balance of “prooxidants-antioxidants” towards antioxidants. The data obtained in the clinic on volunteers with liver fibrosis and hepatitis also testify in favour of the membranotropic action of biologically active compounds. Biologically active compounds provided a decrease or complete restoration of the activity of transferases (ALT and AST) in the blood serum of these patients, with the exception of one patient out of 20 examined. Our experiment has shown the relationship between the elimination of toxicity to the action of copper sulfate and the normalization of liver function in patients. The results obtained indicate that it will be promising to use a complex of low molecular weight components from P. ostreatus and S. cerevisiae as an antidote and hepatoprotective agent.
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TLR3 Mediates Senescence and Immunosurveillance of Hepatic Stellate Cells. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.114381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is an important driver of liver fibrosis, which is a health problem of global concern, and there is no effective solution for it at the present. Senescent activated HSCs are preferentially killed by natural killer cells (NK cells) to promote the regression of hepatic fibrosis. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) on HSCs’ senescence, a trigger for NK cell-induced cytotoxicity. Methods: The senescence of HSCs was assessed by western blot, qRT-PCR, and flow cytometry, and NK cell cytotoxicity was assessed in a co-culture of NK cells with poly I:C-treated HSCs by measuring CD107a expression. Results: The expression of p16, p21, SA-β-gal, MICA/MICB, and ULBP2 increased in poly I:C-treated HSCs, rendering them significantly susceptible to NK cell cytotoxicity. Conclusions: Poly I:C induces cellular senescence in HSCs and triggers NK cell immunosurveillance, suggesting that the role of poly I:C in HSC senescence may promote fibrosis regression.
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Carrere X, Pinto N, Gene Olaciregui N, Galluzzo L, Rossetti E, Celis Passini V, Salvador Marcos N, Chantada G, Braier J, Lavarino C, Felizzia G. High prevalence of BRAF V600E in patients with cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis or liver fibrosis secondary to Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29115. [PMID: 33991404 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies with MAPK inhibitors have proven to modulate the clinical manifestations of patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). We explored the presence of BRAFV600E mutation in our cohort of patients with LCH and cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis, or liver fibrosis that presented resistance to chemotherapy. The BRAFV600E mutation was detected either in the diagnosis (skin and bone) or liver biopsy in our cohort of 13 patients. Thus, we observed a high incidence of BRAFV600E mutation in 100% either in diagnostic biopsy (skin and bone) or liver biopsy in patients with progressive liver disease, sequela, or liver transplant requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiomara Carrere
- Pathology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Pinto
- Precision Medicine Coordination, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Laura Galluzzo
- Pathology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estefania Rossetti
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Guillermo Chantada
- Precision Medicine Coordination, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Braier
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guido Felizzia
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Chen L, Guo P, Li W, Fang F, Zhu W, Fan J, Wang F, Gao Y, Zhao Q, Wang Q, Xiao Y, Xing X, Li D, Shi T, Yu D, Aschner M, Zhang L, Chen W. Perturbation of Specific Signaling Pathways Is Involved in Initiation of Mouse Liver Fibrosis. Hepatology 2021; 73:1551-1569. [PMID: 32654205 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To identify the regulatory role of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in the development of liver disease, we generated a mouse model with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Ppp2r1a gene (encoding PP2A Aα subunit). APPROACH AND RESULTS Homozygote (HO) mice and matched wild-type littermates were investigated at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 months of age. Pathological examination showed that PP2A Aα deficiency in hepatocytes resulted in progressive liver fibrosis phenotype from 9 months of age. No hepatocyte death was observed in HO mice. However, perturbation of pathways including epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1), amino acid metabolism, and translation factors as well as leptin and adiponectin led to pronounced hepatic fibrosis. In vitro studies demonstrated the involvement of specific B subunit complexes in the regulation of EGFR1 signaling pathway and cross talk between defected hepatocytes and stimulation of interstitial hyperplasia. It is noteworthy that HO mice failed to develop hepatocellular carcinoma for as long as 22 months of age. We further demonstrate that PP2A Aβ-containing holoenzymes played a critical role in preventing hepatocyte apoptosis and antagonizing tumorigenesis through specific pathways on Aα loss. Furthermore, PP2A Aα and Aβ were functionally distinct, and the Aβ isoform failed to substitute for Aα in the development of inflammation and liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS These observations identify pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and provide putative therapeutic targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxue Li
- Department of Toxicology, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junling Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- The Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tieliu Shi
- The Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Agoun H, Semiane N, Mallek A, Bellahreche Z, Hammadi S, Madjerab M, Abdlalli M, Khalkhal A, Dahmani Y. High-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic disorders in Gerbillus tarabuli (a new model of non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease). Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:127-135. [PMID: 31190566 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1621350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to reveal the effects of long-term consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on metabolic dysfunctions and histopathological liver alterations in Gerbillus tarabuli, as well as to assess the preventive effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in the same animals. Contrary to control diet, HCD induces several metabolic disorders including increased adiposity, dyslipidemia, ectopic fat deposition in the liver, associated with higher levels of plasma AST and ALT. These gerbils showed enhanced oxidative stress with liver damages characteristic of steatohepatitis development. By contrast, adding 20E to HCD resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of all changes induced by HCD. In addition, the hepatoprotective effect of 20E was demonstrated by decreased plasma concentrations of AST, ALT and of hepatic malondialdehyde. Our results suggest that G. tarabuli represents a good model to study diet-induced metabolic disorders and hepatic dysfunctions. Moreover, they demonstrate the efficacy of 20E treatment to counteract the damaging effects of HCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadjer Agoun
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nesrine Semiane
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aicha Mallek
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Zineb Bellahreche
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Soumia Hammadi
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Maha Madjerab
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Abdlalli
- Service of Pathology and Anatomy, CHU Hussein Dey: Ex: Parnet, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Ali Khalkhal
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Yasmina Dahmani
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
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Barreto AVMS, Domingues ALC, Diniz GTN, Cavalcanti AMS, Lopes EP, Montenegro SML, Morais CNL. The Coutinho index as a simple tool for screening patients with advanced forms of Schistosomiasis mansoni: a validation study. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021; 116:19-25. [PMID: 33728455 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periportal fibrosis (PPF) is the major pathological consequence of Schistosoma mansoni infection. The Coutinho index-the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to platelet ratio ([ALP/upper limit of normality {ULN}]/platelet count [106/L] x 100)-was validated. Validation consisted of modest laboratory tests to predict advanced PPF. METHODS A total of 378 individuals from an endemic area of Brazil with a previous history of the disease and/or a positive parasitological examination were evaluated. We used ultrasound examination as the gold standard for classification of the PPF pattern and measured the biological markers of the index. RESULTS Forty-one individuals (10.8%) without PPF, 291 (77%) with moderate PPF and 46 (12.2%) with advanced PPF, were identified. ALP and platelet count were used for the index. The cut-off point ≥0.228 predicted the presence of fibrosis with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.56, sensitivity of 68.6% and specificity of 46.3%. There was an absence of PPF in 46.3% of individuals without fibrosis and the presence of PPF in 68.5% of cases with moderate and advanced ultrasound fibrosis. The identification of advanced fibrosis with a cut-off point ≥0.316 revealed an AUROC curve of 0.70, sensitivity of 67.4% and specificity of 68.3%, thus confirming the advanced phase in 65.2% of cases compared with ultrasound. CONCLUSION The Coutinho index was able to predict advanced PPF in most individuals. It is valid as a new tool, uses routine laboratory tests and therefore is more accessible for screening patients with a severe form of the disease in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V M S Barreto
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brasil
| | - Ana L C Domingues
- Centro de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brasil
| | - George T N Diniz
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brasil
| | - Ana M S Cavalcanti
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Recife-Pernambuco, 52171-011, Brasil
| | - Edmundo P Lopes
- Centro de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brasil
| | - Silvia M L Montenegro
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brasil
| | - Clarice N L Morais
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brasil
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12
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Silencing of CD147 inhibits hepatic stellate cells activation related to suppressing aerobic glycolysis via hedgehog signaling. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:233-242. [PMID: 33927478 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is a key step that promotes hepatic fibrosis. Emerging evidence suggests that aerobic glycolysis is one of its important metabolic characteristics. Our previous study has reported that CD147, a glycosylated transmembrane protein, contributes significantly to the activation of HSCs. However, whether and how it is involved in the aerobic glycolysis of HSCs activation is unknown. The objective of the present study was to validate the effect of CD147 in HSCs activation and the underlying molecular mechanism. Our results showed that the silencing of CD147 decreased the expression of α-smooth muscle-actin (α-SMA) and collagen I at both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, CD147 silencing decreased the glucose uptake, lactate production in HSCs, and repressed the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2), glucose transporter 1 (Glut1). The effect of galloflavin, a well-defined glycolysis inhibitor, was similar to CD147 siRNA. Mechanistically, CD147 silencing suppressed glycolysis-associated HSCs activation through inhibiting the hedgehog signaling. Moreover, the hedgehog signaling agonist SAG could rescue the above effect of CD147 silencing. In conclusion, CD147 silencing blockade of aerobic glycolysis via suppression of hedgehog signaling inhibited HSCs activation, suggesting CD147 as a novel therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-021-00460-9.
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Elnfarawy AA, Nashy AE, Abozaid AM, Komber IF, Elweshahy RH, Abdelrahman RS. Vinpocetine attenuates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:355-368. [PMID: 32840391 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120947453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. However, there is not effective treatment so far. Vinpocetine (Vinpo) is a synthetic derivative of vinca alkaloid vincamine. Limited previous reports have shown some beneficial effects of Vinpo in different organ fibrosis, but the ability of Vinpo to inhibit liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) has not been reported, that is why we investigate the potential ability of this vinca alkaloid derivative to attenuate liver fibrosis. Hepatic fibrosis was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by TAA (200 mg/kg; ip; 3 times/week) for 6 weeks. Daily treatments with Vinpo (10-20 mg/kg/day; orally) ameliorated TAA-induced hepatic oxidative stress and histopathological damage as indicated by a decrease in liver injury markers, LDH, hepatic MDA, and NOx levels, as well as increase anti-oxidative parameters. Besides, the anti-fibrotic efficacy of Vinpo was confirmed by decreasing hydroxyproline, and α-SMA. Also, the anti-inflammatory effect of Vinpo was explored by decreasing IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Our novel findings were that Vinpo decreased VEGF/Ki-67 expression in the liver confirming its effect on angiogenesis and proliferation. These findings reveal the anti-fibrotic effect of Vinpo against TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats, and suggest the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis and proliferation as mechanistic cassette underlines this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmaa E Nashy
- 158395Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Abozaid
- 158395Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 158395Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
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14
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Al-Dhamin Z, Liu LD, Li DD, Zhang SY, Dong SM, Nan YM. Therapeutic efficiency of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for liver fibrosis: A systematic review of in vivo studies. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:7444-7469. [PMID: 33384547 PMCID: PMC7754546 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i47.7444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although multiple drugs are accessible for recovering liver function in patients, none are considered efficient. Liver transplantation is the mainstay therapy for end-stage liver fibrosis. However, the worldwide shortage of healthy liver donors, organ rejection, complex surgery, and high costs are prompting researchers to develop novel approaches to deal with the overwhelming liver fibrosis cases. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is an emerging alternative method for treating patients with liver fibrosis. However, many aspects of this therapy remain unclear, such as the efficiency compared to conventional treatment, the ideal MSC sources, and the most effective way to use it. Because bone marrow (BM) is the largest source for MSCs, this paper used a systematic review approach to study the therapeutic efficiency of MSCs against liver fibrosis and related factors. We systematically searched multiple published articles to identify studies involving liver fibrosis and BM-MSC-based therapy. Analyzing the selected studies showed that compared with conventional treatment BM-MSC therapy may be more efficient for liver fibrosis in some cases. In contrast, the cotreatment presented a more efficient way. Nevertheless, BM-MSCs are lacking as a therapy for liver fibrosis; thus, this paper also reviews factors that affect BM-MSC efficiency, such as the implementation routes and strategies employed to enhance the potential in alleviating liver fibrosis. Ultimately, our review summarizes the recent advances in the BM-MSC therapy for liver fibrosis. It is grounded in recent developments underlying the efficiency of BM-MSCs as therapy, focusing on the preclinical in vivo experiments, and comparing to other treatments or sources and the strategies used to enhance its potential while mentioning the research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Al-Dhamin
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ling-Di Liu
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhang
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shi-Ming Dong
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yue-Min Nan
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanism of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
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15
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Ilg MM, Stafford SJ, Mateus M, Bustin SA, Carpenter MJ, Muneer A, Bivalacqua TJ, Ralph DJ, Cellek S. Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Can Prevent But Not Reverse Myofibroblast Transformation in Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med 2020; 17:1848-1864. [PMID: 32771352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myofibroblast transformation is a key step in the pathogenesis of Peyronie's disease (PD). Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5is) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can prevent the formation of fibrosis in in vitro and in vivo models of PD. However, it is unknown whether these drugs can also reverse established fibrosis. AIM To investigate whether PDE5is and SERMs can reverse transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced myofibroblast transformation and determine the point of no return. METHODS In-Cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transformation of human primary fibroblasts isolated from tunica albuginea (TA) of patients undergoing surgery for treatment of PD. Extracellular matrix production and collagen contraction assays were used as secondary assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and In-Cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure drug target expression. PDE5i (vardenafil) and SERM (tamoxifen) were applied at various time points after TGF-β1. OUTCOMES Reversibility of myofibroblast transformation and drug target expression were investigated in a time-dependent manner in TA-derived fibroblasts. RESULTS Vardenafil or tamoxifen could not reverse the myofibroblast traits of alpha-smooth muscle actin expression and extracellular matrix production, whereas only tamoxifen affected collagen contraction after 72 hours of TGF-β1 treatment. Phosphodiesterase 5A and estrogen receptor (ER)-β were downregulated after 72 hours, and estrogen receptor -α protein could not be quantified. Tamoxifen could prevent myofibroblast transformation until 36 hours after TGF-β1 treatment, whereas vardenafil could prevent only 24 hours after TGF-β1 treatment. This was mirrored by downregulation of drug targets on mRNA and protein level. Furthermore, antifibrotic signaling pathways, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and betaglycan (TGFB receptor III), were significantly downregulated after 36 hours of TGF-β1 exposure, as opposed to upregulation of profibrotic thrombospondin-1 at the same time point. CLINICAL TRANSLATION This study suggests that using PDE5is and SERMs might only help for early-phase PD and further highlights the need to test drugs at the appropriate stage of the disease based on their mechanism of action. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS The study uses primary human TA-derived fibroblasts that enhances translatability of the results. Limitations include that only 1 example of PDE5i- and SERM-type drug was tested. Time course experiments were only performed for marker expression experiments and not for functional assays. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate that timing for administration of drugs affecting myofibroblast transformation appears to be vital in in vitro models of PD, where 36 hours of TGF-β1 treatment can be suggested as a "point of no return" for myofibroblast transformation. Ilg MM, Stafford SJ, Mateus M, et al. Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Can Prevent But Not Reverse Myofibroblast Transformation in Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med 2020;17:1848-1864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Ilg
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK.
| | - Simon J Stafford
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Marta Mateus
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Stephen A Bustin
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Michael J Carpenter
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- Department of Urology, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J Ralph
- Department of Urology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Selim Cellek
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
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16
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Moon CM, Shin SS, Heo SH, Lim HS, Moon MJ, Surendran SP, Kim GE, Park IW, Jeong YY. Metabolic Changes in Different Stages of Liver Fibrosis: In vivo Hyperpolarized 13C MR Spectroscopy and Metabolic Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:842-851. [PMID: 30693432 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective was to assess metabolic changes in different stages of liver fibrosis using hyperpolarized C-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and metabolic imaging. PROCEDURES Mild and severe liver fibrosis were induced in C3H/HeN mice (n = 14) by injecting thioacetamide (TAA). Other C3H/HeN mice (n = 7) were injected with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (7.4 pH) as normal controls. Hyperpolarized C-13 MRS was performed on the livers of the mice, which was accompanied by intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging with 12 b values. The differential metabolite ratios, apparent diffusion coefficient values, and IVIM parameters among the three groups were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance test. RESULTS The ratios of [1-13C]lactate/pyruvate, [1-13C]lactate/total carbon (tC), [1-13C]alanine/pyruvate, and [1-13C] alanine/tC were significantly higher in both the mild and severe fibrosis groups than in the normal control group (p < 0.05). While the [1-13C]lactate/pyruvate and [1-13C]lactate/tC ratios were not significantly different between mild and severe fibrosis groups, the ratios of [1-13C]alanine/pyruvate and [1-13C]alanine/tC were significantly higher in the severe fibrosis group than in the mild fibrosis group (p < 0.05). In addition, D* showed a significantly lower value in the severe fibrosis group than in the normal or mild fibrosis groups and negatively correlated with the levels of [1-13C] lactate and [1-13C]alanine. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that it might be possible to differentiate mild from severe liver fibrosis using the cellular metabolic changes with hyperpolarized C-13 MRS and metabolic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Man Moon
- Quantitative Medical Imaging Section, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Shin
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
| | - Suk-Hee Heo
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Ju Moon
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ga-Eon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Woo Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
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Yamamoto S, Sato I, Fukuhama N, Akiyama N, Sakai M, Kumazaki S, Ran S, Hirohata S, Kitamori K, Yamori Y, Watanabe S. Bile acids aggravate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cardiovascular disease in SHRSP5/Dmcr rat model. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 114:104437. [PMID: 32246926 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, regardless of the risk factors in metabolic syndrome. However, the intermediary factors between NASH and cardiovascular disease are still unknown. A previous study revealed that serum and hepatic bile acid (BA) levels are increased in some NASH patients. We aimed to examine whether NASH and cardiovascular disease were aggravated by BA using an animal model. METHOD AND RESULTS From 10 to 18 weeks of age, SHRSP5/Dmcr rats divided into 3 groups were fed 3 types of high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diets which were changed in the cholic acid (CA) concentration (0%, 2%, or 4%). The nitro oxide synthase inhibition (L-NAME) was administered intraperitoneally from 16 to 18 weeks of age. The 4% CA groups showed the worst LV dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis, and demonstrated severe hepatic fibrosis and lipid depositions. In addition, a large amount of lipid accumulation was observed in the aortas of the 4% CA group, and NFκB and VCAM-1 gene expression levels were increased. These findings were not seen in the 0% CA group. CONCLUSION In the SHRSP5/Dmcr rat model, NASH and cardiovascular disease were aggravated with increasing BAs concentrations in an HFC diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusei Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ikumi Sato
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Natsuki Fukuhama
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Natsumi Akiyama
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Miku Sakai
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shota Kumazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shang Ran
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116-044, China
| | - Satoshi Hirohata
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kitamori
- College of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723, Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
| | - Yukio Yamori
- Institute for World Health Development, Mukogawa Women's University, 4-16, Edagawa-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo 663-8143, Japan
| | - Shogo Watanabe
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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Qiao M, Yang J, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Hu J. Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis of system-level mechanisms in the liver of apigenin-treated fibrotic rats. Life Sci 2020; 248:117475. [PMID: 32119963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Liver fibrosis is a crucial pathological feature which could result in cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. But until now, there is no favourable treatment for it. Apigenin (APG) is a flavonoid, which exhibits efficient anti-liver fibrosis activity, but its underlying mechanisms were rarely studied. So this work aims to estimate the potential therapeutic action of APG on liver fibrosis rats and to gain insight into its system-level mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Hepatic fibrosis was induced by CCl4 in Wistar rats, and APG was given in the light of the regimen. Biochemical indexes, histopathological change and immunohistochemistry of liver were evaluated. The optimal effect group of APG was selected for further transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. KEY FINDINGS APG ameliorated liver fibrosis via reducing the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, Hyp, TP, TB, DB, HA, LN, PCIII and IV-C, mitigating fibrosis and inflammation of liver in H&E and Masson staining. Mechanistically, APG elevated the activity of ALB, SOD and GSH-PX with reducing the level of MDA. The results of microarray and TMT revealed that 4919 genes and 4876 proteins were differentially expressed in the APG and model groups. Besides, transcriptomics and proteomics analyses unfolded 120 overlapped proteins, enriched in 111 GO terms containing apoptotic process, angiogenesis, cell migration and proliferation, etc. Meanwhile, KEGG pathway analysis showed that 26 pathways containing HIF-1/MAPK/eNOS/VEGF/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion mostly. SIGNIFICANCE APG can ameliorate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via VEGF-mediated FAK phosphorylation through the MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, HIF-1, ROS, and eNOS pathways, which may hopefully become the anti-liver fibrosis activity of natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qiao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Junping Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
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Qiao M, Yang J, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Wang X, Wang X, Hu J. Antiliver Fibrosis Screening of Active Ingredients from Apium graveolens L. Seeds via GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:8321732. [PMID: 32148553 PMCID: PMC7049821 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8321732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have been performed on Apium graveolens L.(celery) seeds, their antiliver fibrosis effects remain to be unexplored. Firstly, we detected the effects of celery seeds extracted with different concentrations of aqueous ethanol on the proliferation of HSC-LX2 cells. Then, we detected the effects of fractions of the optimal effect extract on the proliferation and apoptosis of HSC-LX2 cells. Finally, the compounds of petroleum ether (PP), ethyl acetate (PE), n-butyl alcohol (PB), and water fractions (PW) of the optimal effect extract were determined by GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS, to confirm the potentially antifibrotic compounds combined with pharmacodynamic experiment of monomer compounds in vitro. The results revealed that 60% ethanol extract of celery seeds (60-extract) exhibited remarkable inhibition effect on the proliferation of HSC-LX2 cells compared with 95% ethanol and aqueous extract. Besides, it validated that the inhibition rates of PP, PE, PB, and PW on the proliferation of HSC-LX2 cells were 75.14%, 73.52%, 54.09%, and 43.36%, and their percentage of apoptotic cells were 37.5%, 4.3%, 0.7%, and 0.1% at high doses, respectively. Additionally, it was manifested that apigenin, aesculetin, and butylphthalide have major contribution to the overall compounds of celery seeds, and the inhibition effects on the cell proliferation clearly elevated with increase in their contents. In essence, apigenin, aesculetin, and butylphthalide may hopefully become the natural products of antiliver fibrosis, which laid a foundation for the subsequent development of celery seeds as antiliver fibrosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qiao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Xinling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Junping Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
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20
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The effects of hepatic steatosis on thromboxane A2 induced portal hypertension. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2019; 42:534-541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Wang Y, Mack JA, Maytin EV. CD44 inhibits α-SMA gene expression via a novel G-actin/MRTF-mediated pathway that intersects with TGFβR/p38MAPK signaling in murine skin fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:12779-12794. [PMID: 31285260 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-regulated differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts (MF) is critical for skin wound healing. Neoexpression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), an established marker for MF differentiation, is driven by TGFβ receptor (TGFβR)-mediated signaling. Hyaluronan (HA) and its receptor CD44 may also participate in this process. To further understand this process, primary mouse skin fibroblasts were isolated and treated in vitro with recombinant TGF-β1 (rTGF-β1) to induce α-SMA expression. CD44 expression was also increased. Paradoxically, CD44 knockdown by RNA interference (RNAi) led to increased α-SMA expression and α-SMA-containing stress fibers. Removal of extracellular HA or inhibition of HA synthesis had no effect on α-SMA levels, suggesting a dispensable role for HA. Exploration of mechanisms linking CD44 knockdown to α-SMA induction, using RNAi and chemical inhibitors, revealed a requirement for noncanonical TGFβR signaling through p38MAPK. Decreased monomeric G-actin but increased filamentous F-actin following CD44 RNAi suggested a possible role for myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF), a known regulator of α-SMA transcription and itself regulated by G-actin binding. CD44 RNAi promoted nuclear accumulation of MRTF and the binding to its transcriptional cofactor SRF. MRTF knockdown abrogated the increased α-SMA expression caused by CD44 RNAi, suggesting that MRTF is required for CD44-mediated regulation of α-SMA. Finally, chemical inhibition of p38MAPK reversed nuclear MRTF accumulation after rTGF-β1 addition or CD44 RNAi, revealing a central involvement of p38MAPK in both cases. We concluded that CD44 regulates α-SMA gene expression through cooperation between two intersecting signaling pathways, one mediated by G-actin/MRTF and the other via TGFβR/p38MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Judith A Mack
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195.,Department of Dermatology, Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Edward V Maytin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 .,Department of Dermatology, Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
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Elsaed WM. Amygdalin (Vitamin B17) pretreatment attenuates experimentally induced acute autoimmune hepatitis through reduction of CD4+ cell infiltration. Ann Anat 2019; 224:124-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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The Use of Antifibrotic Recombinant nAG Protein in a Rat Liver Fibrosis Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9846919. [PMID: 31275996 PMCID: PMC6582902 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9846919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The “nAG” protein is the key protein mediating the regeneration of amputated limbs in salamanders. The senior author (MMA) developed the original hypothesis that since “nAG” is a “regenerative” protein, it must be also an “antifibrotic' protein. The antifibrotic properties were later confirmed in a rabbit skin hypertrophic scar model as well as in a rat spinal cord injury model. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential therapeutic properties of the nAG protein in a rat liver fibrosis model. Methodology Liver fibrosis was induced using intraperitoneal injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4). A total of 45 rats were divided equally into 3 groups: Group I (the control group) received normal saline injections for 8 weeks, Group II received CCL4 for 8 weeks, and Group III received CCL4 and nAG for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the serum levels of 6 proteins (hyaluronic acid, PDGF-AB, TIMP-1, laminin, procollagen III N-terminal peptide, and collagen IV-alpha 1 chain) were measured. Liver biopsies were also taken and the stages of live fibrosis were assessed histologically. Results The CCL4 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the serum levels of all 6 measured proteins. The nAG treatment significantly reduced these high levels. The degree of liver fibrosis was also significantly reduced in the CCL4/nAG group compared to the CCL4 group. Conclusions nAG treatment was able to significantly reduce the serum levels of several protein markers of liver fibrosis and also significantly reduced the histological degree of liver fibrosis.
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Ebrahimi H, Naderian M, Sohrabpour AA. New Concepts on Reversibility and Targeting of Liver Fibrosis; A Review Article. Middle East J Dig Dis 2018; 10:133-148. [PMID: 30186577 PMCID: PMC6119836 DOI: 10.15171/mejdd.2018.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, liver fibrosis and its complications are regarded as critical health problems.
With the studies showing the reversible nature of liver fibrogenesis, scientists have focused
on understanding the underlying mechanism of this condition in order to develop new
therapeutic strategies. Although hepatic stellate cells are known as the primary cells
responsible for liver fibrogenesis, studies have shown contributing roles for other cells,
pathways, and molecules in the development of fibrosis depending on the etiology of
liver fibrosis. Hence, interventions could be directed in the proper way for each type of
liver diseases to better address this complication. There are two main approaches in clinical
reversion of liver fibrosis; eliminating the underlying insult and targeting the fibrosis
process, which have variable clinical importance in the treatment of this disease. In this
review, we present recent concepts in molecular pathways of liver fibrosis reversibility
and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedyeh Ebrahimi
- The Liver, Pancreatic, and Biliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Naderian
- The Liver, Pancreatic, and Biliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Sohrabpour
- Associate Professor, The Liver, Pancreatic, and Biliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nallagangula KS, Shashidhar KN, Lakshmaiah V, Muninarayana. Evolution of proteomic biomarker for chronic liver disease: Promise into reality. J Circ Biomark 2018; 7:1849454418777186. [PMID: 29854010 PMCID: PMC5971380 DOI: 10.1177/1849454418777186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver is the vital organ for synthesis of proteins whose concentration in blood reflects liver dysfunction. Variations in protein domain can generate clinically significant biomarkers. Biomarker pipeline includes discovery of candidates, qualification, verification, assay optimization, and validation. Advances in proteomic approach can discover protein biomarker candidates based on “up-or-down” regulation or fold change in expression which is correlated with disease state. Despite numerous biomarker candidates been discovered, only few are useful in clinical practice which indicates the need for well-established validation regimen. Hence, the main purpose of this review is to understand the protein biomarker development and pitfalls. Companion diagnostics provide insights into potential cost-effective diagnosis for chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K N Shashidhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
| | - V Lakshmaiah
- Department of Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
| | - Muninarayana
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
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26
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Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang Z, Yin M, Zhao Z, Li Y, Li W. Pokeweed antiviral protein attenuates liver fibrosis in mice through regulating Wnt/Jnk mediated glucose metabolism. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:157-164. [PMID: 29652027 PMCID: PMC5985634 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_470_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) has been reported to downregulate Wnt/Jnk pathway and attenuate liver fibrosis. This study was designed to intensively explore the mechanism of anti-fibrosis effect of PAP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation was induced by high concentration of glucose. Cell viability was detected at different time points after PAP treatment. Meanwhile, hepatic fibrosis models in mice were induced by CCl4 injection. In the end, liver pathology was observed and contents of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, hyaluronic acid (HA), and laminin (LN) in serum together with hydroxyproline (Hyp) in liver were measured. The mRNA and protein expressions of HK2, PFKP, PCK1, and FBP1 as well as Jnk expression in HSC-T6 cells and liver tissue were detected by qPCR and western-blot, respectively. RESULTS Compared with high glucose, PAP reduced viability and expressions of HK2, PFKP, α-SMA, and Col1A1, where as enhanced the expressions of PCK1 and FBP1 in HSC-T6 cells (P < 0.05) respectively. PAP attenuated liver pathology, improved liver function, and reduced collagen deposition in liver tissue compared with the model group (P < 0.05) respectively. Moreover, PAP reduced expressions of HK2, PFKP, α-SMA, and Col1A1 where as increased the expression of PCK1 and FBP1 in the liver of mice compared with the model group (P < 0.05) respectively. Most importantly, PAP reduced the phosphorylation of Jnk both in cells and liver tissue compared with the model group (P < 0.05) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that PAP attenuated liver fibrosis by regulating Wnt/Jnk-mediated glucose metabolism. It provided us a new target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Yin
- Infectious Diseases, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zonghao Zhao
- Infectious Diseases, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Li
- Infectious Diseases, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Infectious Diseases, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China,Address for correspondence: Dr. Wenting Li, 3rd Liver Unit, Department of Infectious Disease, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei - 230001, China. E-mail:
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Nallagangula KS, Nagaraj SK, Venkataswamy L, Chandrappa M. Liver fibrosis: a compilation on the biomarkers status and their significance during disease progression. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO250. [PMID: 29255622 PMCID: PMC5729599 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis occurs in response to different etiologies of chronic liver injury. Diagnosing degree of liver fibrosis is a crucial step in evaluation of severity of the disease. An invasive liver biopsy is the gold standard method associated with pain and complications. Biomarkers to detect liver fibrosis include direct markers of extracellular matrix turnover and indirect markers as a reflection of liver dysfunction. Although a single marker may not be useful for successful management, a mathematical equation combining tests might be effective. The main purpose of this review is to understand the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers and scoring systems for liver fibrosis. Advances in -omics approach have generated clinically significant biomarker candidates for liver fibrosis that need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shashidhar Kurpad Nagaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmaiah Venkataswamy
- Department of Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs MedicalCollege, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Muninarayana Chandrappa
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri DevarajUrs Medical College, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
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Yoshimaru D, Miyati T, Suzuki Y, Hamada Y, Mogi N, Funaki A, Tabata A, Masunaga A, Shimada M, Tobari M, Nishino T. Diffusion kurtosis imaging with the breath-hold technique for staging hepatic fibrosis: A preliminary study. Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 47:33-38. [PMID: 29158186 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the potential of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) analysis with the breath-hold technique to assess the stage or classify hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients (n=67) suspected of having a disease of the hepatobiliary system examined by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging unit were enrolled in this study. To evaluate hepatic fibrosis, mean kurtosis, Mean apparent diffusion (MD) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared between groups with varying fibrosis; F0-F1, F2-F3, and F4. The Steel-Dwass test was used for overall comparisons. Correlations between the fibrosis stage and mean kurtosis, MD or ADC values were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation. Discriminative capacities of DKI were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS There were significant differences in ADC, MD and mean kurtosis values between non-cirrhosis and cirrhosis groups. Moreover, the mean kurtosis value was statistically different between the F0-F1 and F2-F3, F0-F1 and F4, and F2-F3 and F4 groups (all P<0.05). MD value was statistically different between the F0-F1 and F4 groups, and F2-F3 and F4 groups (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in ADC values for all groups (all P>0.05). In addition, mean kurtosis and MD values significantly correlated with the extent of hepatic fibrosis staging (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, ρ=0.851 and -0.672; P<0.0001). However, ADC values did not reveal a correlation with the extent of hepatic fibrosis staging (ρ=-0.227; P=0.078). According to the ROC analysis for the assessment of no fibrosis (F0), fibrosis (≥F1), and advanced fibrosis (≥F2) and liver cirrhosis, the DKI cut-off values were 0.923, 0.955, and 1.11, respectively. CONCLUSION Using the DKI method with the breath-hold technique in the liver, the stage of hepatic fibrosis can be classified into normal and early hepatic fibrosis, substantial stages, and advanced hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yoshimaru
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Miyati
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuichi Suzuki
- Department of Radiological Service, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuhki Hamada
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nozomi Mogi
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Nishiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumu Funaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayumi Tabata
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsuko Masunaga
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maki Tobari
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nishino
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Owada-shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, Japan
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Zhang QZ, Liu YL, Wang YR, Fu LN, Zhang J, Wang XR, Wang BM. Effects of telmisartan on improving leptin resistance and inhibiting hepatic fibrosis in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2689-2694. [PMID: 28962213 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of telmisartan (TEL) on hepatic fibrosis, serum leptin, leptin protein in liver tissue and its mRNA expression level in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control (N), model (M), polyene phosphatidylcholine (P) and TEL (T) groups. Group M and the intervention groups were given a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce NAFLD, followed by 4 weeks of intragastric administration of normal saline (1.0 ml/kg/day), polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC; 123.1 mg/kg/day) and TEL (8 mg/kg/day). The liver tissue was then assessed for the NAFLD activity score and fibrosis score (FS), and serum biochemistry and leptin levels were determined. Additionally, leptin protein expression levels were examined by western blotting and the expression of leptin mRNA was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. TEL significantly improved FS in rats (P<0.01) and was more effective than PPC. TEL significantly reduced the expression of serum leptin, as well as the expression levels of leptin protein and its mRNA in liver tissue (P<0.01); however, the effects of PPC were not significant (P>0.05). TEL reduced serum leptin, leptin protein and its mRNA in the liver tissue of NAFLD rats, and improved the pathological indicators of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Zan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Li Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Rong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Ru Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
| | - Bang-Mao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Chow MD, Lee YH, Guo GL. The role of bile acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 56:34-44. [PMID: 28442273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is growing in prevalence worldwide. It is marked by the presence of macrosteatosis on liver histology but is often clinically asymptomatic. However, it can progress into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis which is a more severe form of liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. Further progression leads to cirrhosis, which predisposes patients to hepatocellular carcinoma or liver failure. The mechanism by which simple steatosis progresses to steatohepatitis is not entirely clear. However, multiple pathways have been proposed. A common link amongst many of these pathways is disruption of the homeostasis of bile acids. Other than aiding in the absorption of lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins, bile acids act as ligands. For example, they bind to farnesoid X receptor, which is critically involved in many of the pathways responsible for maintaining bile acid, glucose, and lipid homeostasis. Alterations to these pathways can lead to dysregulation of energy balance and increased inflammation and fibrosis. Repeated insults over time may be the key to development of steatohepatitis. For this reason, current drug therapies target aspects of these pathways to try to reduce and halt inflammation and fibrosis. This review will focus on the role of bile acids in these various pathways and how changes in these pathways may result in steatohepatitis. While there is no approved pharmaceutical treatment for either hepatic steatosis or steatohepatitis, this review will also touch upon the multitude of potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica D Chow
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yi-Horng Lee
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Grace L Guo
- Department of Pharmacy and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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