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Soares D, Abbady K, Kasap S, Shabanliyski D. Simulation analysis of low back forces in Snatch and Clean & Jerk movements via digital human modelling. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:697-706. [PMID: 38160337 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weightlifting is an Olympic sport for dynamic strength and power, and requires the execution of different lifting techniques It is important to analyze the forces subjected to the lower back during weightlifting movements to prevent injuries. Digital Human Modeling (DHM) is a powerful tool that can be used to analyze and optimize the performance of humans while doing their work or activities. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to present a simulation analysis of the lower back forces during the execution of two weightlifting techniques: Snatch (SN) and Clean & Jerk (CJ), with different loads and for both genders. METHODS Digital Human modelling through JACK simulation package was used analyze the forces exerted on the lumbosacral area (L5-S1) of the lower back in order to determine the risk for low back injuries. The level of compression and shear forces recommended by the literature have been set as thresholds. The simulaitons were performed in male and female models, with loads from 20-100 kg. RESULTS The results show that any weight higher than 60 kg in both movements poses risk for the weightlifters in terms of compression and shear forces. It has been observed that weightlifters can lift greater loads in the CJ technique compared to the SN technique. Furthermore, females are able to lift higher loads with lower risk of injuries. CONCLUSION Weightlifting is a high-risk activity due to the high levels of shear and compression forces that the body is exposed to during the lifting techniques. Digital Human Modeling holds significant value due to their ability to facilitate the exploration of diverse conditions within a safe environment, devoid of any potential harm to human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Soares
- Liberal Arts Department, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Karim Abbady
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Suat Kasap
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
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Greig MA, Village J, Salustri FA, Neumann WP. Examining human factors and ergonomics aspects in a manufacturing organisation's metrics system: measuring up to stakeholder needs. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:1868-1883. [PMID: 36661049 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2168065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research examines the status of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) metrics in the case context of product realisation in an electronics manufacturing company. Interactions with 100+ stakeholders over a five year period were thematically analysed for metrics-related views and content. A disconnect between engineering metrics and HF/E metrics was evident. Engineers and HF/E specialists expressed different understandings of the gap between the disciplines and how to generate HF/E metrics that would fit the organisation. Other emerging themes provided insight for metrics development including improving indicator relatability, considerations for communication of information, and barriers to implementation of metrics. The results led to seven recommendations to help guide practitioners in developing and refining HF/E metrics as part of an organisation's metrics system. This macroergonomic case study provides key points for consideration when developing HF/E focussed metrics to support organisations being more proactive with HF/E in work system design. Practitioner summary: Metrics' presence, stakeholder views on metrics, and metrics-related content in a case organisation were thematically analysed with a macroergonomics focus. Human factors and ergonomics metrics (HF/E) were disconnected from engineering metrics thus limiting the design team's ability to handle human factors in design. Factors influencing HF/E metrics creation and integration were identified, resulting in seven recommendations for developing HF/E metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Greig
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | - Judy Village
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | - Filippo A Salustri
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
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Abraham T, Binoosh S, Remesh Babu K. Virtual modelling and analysis of manual material handling activities among warehouse workers in the construction industry. Work 2022; 73:977-990. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal risks (MSRs) are a major concern among construction warehouse workers due to the lifting, carrying and lowering of heavy loads. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to reduce MSRs among warehouse workers in the construction industry using virtual modelling and analysis of activities. METHODS: A preliminary study was carried out using the Standard Nordic Questionnaire. Biomechanical analysis, Ovako Working posture Assessment System (OWAS) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) were used to analyse the material handling activities. Virtual modelling was used develop the manikins with autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks at different carriage modes and stacking heights for the analysis. RESULTS: The preliminary study results revealed a higher prevalence of risk at their lower back (73.24%) among the construction warehouse workers. Biomechanical analysis showed a higher risk at L4-L5 joint of lumbar spine during overhead and bending postures for stacking the blocks. Posture analysis results of OWAS indicated a lower risk in overhead carriage mode. Detailed analysis with RULA confirms this result. Mean compressive force values at stacking heights were showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in 8, 13, 18 and 21 kg AAC blocks. However, stacking height with a range of 120–140 cm was found as safer to the workers by considering all block sizes. CONCLUSION: An ergonomic intervention based on safer stacking heights was developed to reduce MSRs to an acceptable range. It improves productivity of handling the AAC blocks by reducing the cycle time. The intervention can be adapted for handling of similar materials in the construction industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Abraham
- EY Global Delivery Services India LLP, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - S.A. Binoosh
- College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - K.R. Remesh Babu
- Government Engineering College Palakkad, Sreekrishnapuram, Palakkad, Kerala, India
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Greene RL, Lu ML, Barim MS, Wang X, Hayden M, Hu YH, Radwin RG. Estimating Trunk Angle Kinematics During Lifting Using a Computationally Efficient Computer Vision Method. HUMAN FACTORS 2022; 64:482-498. [PMID: 32972247 PMCID: PMC10009882 DOI: 10.1177/0018720820958840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A computer vision method was developed for estimating the trunk flexion angle, angular speed, and angular acceleration by extracting simple features from the moving image during lifting. BACKGROUND Trunk kinematics is an important risk factor for lower back pain, but is often difficult to measure by practitioners for lifting risk assessments. METHODS Mannequins representing a wide range of hand locations for different lifting postures were systematically generated using the University of Michigan 3DSSPP software. A bounding box was drawn tightly around each mannequin and regression models estimated trunk angles. The estimates were validated against human posture data for 216 lifts collected using a laboratory-grade motion capture system and synchronized video recordings. Trunk kinematics, based on bounding box dimensions drawn around the subjects in the video recordings of the lifts, were modeled for consecutive video frames. RESULTS The mean absolute difference between predicted and motion capture measured trunk angles was 14.7°, and there was a significant linear relationship between predicted and measured trunk angles (R2 = .80, p < .001). The training error for the kinematics model was 2.3°. CONCLUSION Using simple computer vision-extracted features, the bounding box method indirectly estimated trunk angle and associated kinematics, albeit with limited precision. APPLICATION This computer vision method may be implemented on handheld devices such as smartphones to facilitate automatic lifting risk assessments in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming-Lun Lu
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Xuan Wang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Marie Hayden
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yu Hen Hu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Potash Z, Harari Y, Riemer R. Effect of using real motion versus predicted motion as input for digital human modeling of back and shoulder loads during manual material handling. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 101:103675. [PMID: 35123300 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Digital human modeling (DHM) technology is considered the state of the art in designing and evaluating workstations. Previous studies examined the differences between DHM's posture and motion prediction relative to human experimental data. Yet, the effect the two different inputs on biomechanical loads was not assessed. Therefore, this study evaluates the differences in L4/L5 compression force and shoulder torques during a work process calculated using DHM with motion prediction (Jack by Siemens) and DHM with experimental data. The work process is a sequential removing, carrying, and depositing task performed by nine females and nine males and recorded using a motion capture system. The analysis shows that using experimental data results in larger back compression force during the removing task (average 15.4%), similar force during the depositing task (average 0.68%), and less force during the carrying task (19.875%). Using experimental data resulted in larger shoulder torque during all tasks (average 24.97%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Potash
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | - Yaar Harari
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | - Raziel Riemer
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
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Sordan JE, Oprime PC, Pimenta ML, Lombardi F, Chiabert P. Symbiotic relationship between robotics and Lean Manufacturing: a case study involving line balancing. TQM JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/tqm-03-2021-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The present paper aims to demonstrate the potential of integration between industrial robotics and Lean Manufacturing (LM) approach to increase the efficiency of an assembly line.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on a case study performed in an Italian company, this paper reports a comparative analysis of the results produced on a line balancing study involving a semi-automated production line, aided by an industrial robot.
Findings
The results suggest the possibility of implementing industrial robotics in line balancing studies highlighting efficiency gains and idle reduction. Further, it also addresses some concepts directly related to industry 4.0, such as collaborative robotics, artificial intelligence, and lean automation.
Practical implications
Line balancing studies may include advanced robotics in order to extend traditional lean practices toward Digital LM.
Originality/value
This study adds contributions to the operational excellence literature, demonstrating the symbiosis between industrial robotics and LM practices.
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Yang X, Lim Z, Jung H, Hong Y, Zhang M, Park D, You H. Estimation of Finite Finger Joint Centers of Rotation Using 3D Hand Skeleton Motions Reconstructed from CT Scans. APPLIED SCIENCES 2020; 10:9129. [DOI: 10.3390/app10249129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study proposed a method to estimate the finite finger joint centers of rotation (CoRs) with high accuracy using 3D hand skeleton motions reconstructed from CT scans. Ten hand postures starting from a fully extended posture and ending at a fist posture with about 10° difference in flexion between the adjacent postures were captured by a CT scanner for 15 male participants, and their 3D hand skeletons were reconstructed using the CT scans. Each bone segment from the full extension posture was registered to the corresponding bone segments of the remaining hand postures. The proximal bone segments of a joint from two postures were aligned to estimate the finite CoR of the joint between the two postures. Centerlines of the distal bone segments of the joint were then identified using the principal component analysis method, and the finite CoR of the joint was determined as the intersection point of the identified centerlines. The proposed method reduced the variation of estimated finite joint CoRs by 16.0% to 67.0% among the finger joints compared to the existing methods. The variation of estimated finite joint CoRs decreased as the rotation angle of the joint increased. The proposed method can be used for the simulation of finger movement with high accuracy.
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Grobelny J, Michalski R. Preventing Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Manufacturing by Digital Human Modeling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228676. [PMID: 33266485 PMCID: PMC7700343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This research concerns the workplace design methodology, involving digital human models, that prevents work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). We propose an approach that, in conjunction with one of the classic WMSD risk assessment methods, allows one to simplify simulations in a three-dimensional digital environment. Two real-life workstations from a manufacturing industry were modelled in a 3D Studio Max environment by means of an Anthropos ErgoMax system. A number of simulations show that, for the examined cases, classic boundary mannequins’ approaches can be replaced by using 50th percentile of a population individual, with a minimal impact on the WMSD risk. Although, the finding might not be suitable in all situations, it should be considered, especially where compromise solutions are being sought due to other criteria.
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Eldar R, Fisher-Gewirtzman D. E-worker postural comfort in the third-workplace: An ergonomic design assessment. Work 2020; 66:519-538. [PMID: 32623415 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomechanical simulation is an important tool in human-centred design, allowing for the assessment of comfort interactions between user, product and space, to optimize design features from an ergonomics perspective. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a biomechanical model for the evaluation of postural comfort levels. METHODS The study used the scenario-based method to focus on the electronic-worker (e-worker) sedentary tablet tasks at public workplace (third-workplace) configurations. An empirical method determined work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) risk levels. The experimental method was based on a motion-capture marker-based laboratory protocol and biomechanical model. Body postures were analysed to determine the WMSDs risk to the joints, and were compared to subjective questionnaires. RESULTS Posture was affected by the tablet target location and workplace setting. The findings confirmed our hypothesis, that neutral-position cost functions govern human motion. Almost half of the time, the e-workers' joints tended to remain in the neutral position range; of the three third-workplaces, high-risk variability was less significant between the 'restaurant' and 'lounge' settings, compared to the 'anywhere' configuration. CONCLUSIONS This evaluation model can contribute to optimizing comfort level in design for third-workplace settings and other sedentary work activities; it can be used to develop guidelines for minimizing work-related strain and health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranit Eldar
- Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dafna Fisher-Gewirtzman
- Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
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Harari Y, Riemer R, Bechar A. Differences in spinal moments, kinematics and pace during single-task and combined manual material handling jobs. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 81:102871. [PMID: 31422248 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the spinal moments (i.e., peak and cumulative moments acting on the L5/S1 joint), kinematics (i.e., peak trunk and knee angles) and work pace of workers, when either removing a box from a shelf or depositing a box on a shelf, under two conditions: as a single task or as part of a combined task. An experiment was conducted, in which the subjects performed the tasks and were recorded using a motion capture system. An automated program was developed to process the motion capture data. The results showed that, when the removing and depositing tasks were performed as part of a combined task (rather than as single tasks), subjects experienced smaller peak and cumulative spinal moments and they performed the tasks faster. The results suggest that investigations into the separate tasks that comprise a combination have a limited ability to predict kinematics and kinetics during the combined job.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaar Harari
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Raziel Riemer
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Avital Bechar
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
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11
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Greene RL, Hu YH, Difranco N, Wang X, Lu ML, Bao S, Lin JH, Radwin RG. Predicting Sagittal Plane Lifting Postures From Image Bounding Box Dimensions. HUMAN FACTORS 2019; 61:64-77. [PMID: 30091947 DOI: 10.1177/0018720818791367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A method for automatically classifying lifting postures from simple features in video recordings was developed and tested. We explored if an "elastic" rectangular bounding box, drawn tightly around the subject, can be used for classifying standing, stooping, and squatting at the lift origin and destination. BACKGROUND Current marker-less video tracking methods depend on a priori skeletal human models, which are prone to error from poor illumination, obstructions, and difficulty placing cameras in the field. Robust computer vision algorithms based on spatiotemporal features were previously applied for evaluating repetitive motion tasks, exertion frequency, and duty cycle. METHODS Mannequin poses were systematically generated using the Michigan 3DSSPP software for a wide range of hand locations and lifting postures. The stature-normalized height and width of a bounding box were measured in the sagittal plane and when rotated horizontally by 30°. After randomly ordering the data, a classification and regression tree algorithm was trained to classify the lifting postures. RESULTS The resulting tree had four levels and four splits, misclassifying 0.36% training-set cases. The algorithm was tested using 30 video clips of industrial lifting tasks, misclassifying 3.33% test-set cases. The sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 100.0% and 100.0% for squatting, 90.0% and 100.0% for stooping, and 100.0% and 95.0% for standing. CONCLUSIONS The tree classification algorithm is capable of classifying lifting postures based only on dimensions of bounding boxes. APPLICATIONS It is anticipated that this practical algorithm can be implemented on handheld devices such as a smartphone, making it readily accessible to practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xuan Wang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Ming-Lun Lu
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Jia-Hua Lin
- Washington Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, USA
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12
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A Comparison Between Virtual Reality and Digital Human Modeling for Proactive Ergonomic Design. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22216-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Kolus A, Wells R, Neumann P. Production quality and human factors engineering: A systematic review and theoretical framework. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 73:55-89. [PMID: 30098643 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to systematically examine available empirical evidence on the impact of human factors (HF) in the design and management of manufacturing operations on system quality performance. A systematic review was conducted to map the linkages between the human-system fit in the design of operations systems (OS) with production quality. A total of 73 empirical studies were identified linking HF to OS performance in manufacturing. Quality risk factors included HF aspects in product design, process design and workstation design of the manufacturing OS. Quality deficits were associated with undesirable human effects of workload like fatigue and injury-related risk factors. Forty-six percent of the studies reported on efforts to improve HF in the OS with effect sizes for quality improvements reaching up to 86%. The paper documents available quality risk factors in the design of OS. It also provides a conceptual framework explaining HF-Quality linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kolus
- Systems Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Richard Wells
- Kinesiology Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Patrick Neumann
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Schall MC, Fethke NB, Roemig V. Digital Human Modeling in the Occupational Safety and Health Process: An Application in Manufacturing. IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors 2018; 6:64-75. [PMID: 30984907 DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2018.1491430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Digital human modeling (DHM) and simulation software has been identified as an effective tool for evaluating work tasks and design alternatives without requiring the expense of physical mock-ups and production trials. Despite recent commercial advancements and a broader availability of DHM platforms, the peer-reviewed scientific literature lacks sufficient demonstration of the application of DHM software within an occupational safety and health process for mitigating exposures to physical risk factors in a real work environment. We describe the implementation of a commercially-available DHM platform as a component of an occupational safety and health process in a manufacturing environment over the course of one year. Success stories, challenges, and practical recommendations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Schall
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Auburn University,
| | - Nathan B Fethke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health University of Iowa,
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Figueroa-Jacinto R, Armstrong TJ, Zhou W. Normal force distribution and posture of a hand pressing on a flat surface. J Biomech 2018; 79:164-172. [PMID: 30205978 PMCID: PMC10963082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hand strength data are needed to understand and predict hand postures and finger loads while placing the hand on an object or surface. This study aims to analyze the effect of hand posture and surface orientation on hand force while pressing a flat surface. Twelve participants, 6 females and 6 males ages 19-25, performed three exertions (100%, 30% and 10% MVC- Maximum Voluntary Contraction) perpendicular to a plate in 4 angles (-45°, 0°, 45° and 90° with respect to the horizontal plane) at elbow height. Exertions involved pushing in two postures: (1) whole hand and (2) constrained to only using the fingertips. Inter-digit joint angles were recorded to map hand and finger motions and estimate joint moments for each condition. Participants exerted twice the force when pushing with whole hand vs. fingertips. 72-75% of the total force was exerted over the base of the palm, while only 11-13% with the thumb for exertions at 90°, 45° or 0° plate angles. Males maximum force for pushing at 0°, 45° and 90° plates averaged 49% higher than females for the whole hand and 62% for the fingertips (p < 0.01). There was no significant sex difference (p > 0.05) for the -45° plate. Thumb joint loads were generally higher than the other individual fingers (p < 0.05) in all % MVC and accounted for 12% of total force during whole hand exertions. On average, joint moments were 30% higher during fingertip conditions vs. whole hand. Thumb and finger joint moment magnitudes when pushing the plate at 100% MVC indicated that Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint moments were higher (p < 0.05) than Distal Interphalangeal joints (DIP) and Proximal Interphalangeal joints (PIP) under whole hand and fingertips conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Figueroa-Jacinto
- Explico Engineering Co., Novi, MI, United States; Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - T J Armstrong
- Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - W Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Mallam SC, Lundh M, MacKinnon SN. Integrating Participatory Practices in Ship Design and Construction. ERGONOMICS IN DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1064804616684406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ship procurement is a globalized, multidisciplinary development process that demands lean manufacturing solutions for the highly competitive and safety-critical shipping industry. This article presents the software prototype E-SET (Ergonomic Ship Evaluation Tool), specifically created to facilitate participatory design processes throughout ship development. E-SET is a diagnostic visualization tool that utilizes digital renderings of ship’s drawings to quantitatively calculate, map, and evaluate movement of crew and their work tasks throughout a ship’s structure. This flexible and accessible digital platform facilitates multidisciplinary stakeholder knowledge transfer in order to implement and optimize user-centered design solutions in ship design.
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17
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Tsao L, Ma L. Using subject-specific three-dimensional (3D) anthropometry data in digital human modelling: case study in hand motion simulation. ERGONOMICS 2016; 59:1526-1539. [PMID: 26857691 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1151554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Digital human modelling enables ergonomists and designers to consider ergonomic concerns and design alternatives in a timely and cost-efficient manner in the early stages of design. However, the reliability of the simulation could be limited due to the percentile-based approach used in constructing the digital human model. To enhance the accuracy of the size and shape of the models, we proposed a framework to generate digital human models using three-dimensional (3D) anthropometric data. The 3D scan data from specific subjects' hands were segmented based on the estimated centres of rotation. The segments were then driven in forward kinematics to perform several functional postures. The constructed hand models were then verified, thereby validating the feasibility of the framework. The proposed framework helps generate accurate subject-specific digital human models, which can be utilised to guide product design and workspace arrangement. Practitioner Summary: Subject-specific digital human models can be constructed under the proposed framework based on three-dimensional (3D) anthropometry. This approach enables more reliable digital human simulation to guide product design and workspace arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxing Tsao
- a Department of Industrial Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Liang Ma
- a Department of Industrial Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
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Comparative ergonomic workflow and user experience analysis of MRI versus fluoroscopy-guided vascular interventions: an iliac angioplasty exemplar case study. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2015; 10:1639-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-015-1152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Neumann WP, Village J. Ergonomics action research II: a framework for integrating HF into work system design. ERGONOMICS 2012; 55:1140-1156. [PMID: 22913397 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2012.706714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This paper presents a conceptual framework that can support efforts to integrate human factors (HF) into the work system design process, where improved and cost-effective application of HF is possible. The framework advocates strategies of broad stakeholder participation, linking of performance and health goals, and process focussed change tools that can help practitioners engage in improvements to embed HF into a firm's work system design process. Recommended tools include business process mapping of the design process, implementing design criteria, using cognitive mapping to connect to managers' strategic goals, tactical use of training and adopting virtual HF (VHF) tools to support the integration effort. Consistent with organisational change research, the framework provides guidance but does not suggest a strict set of steps. This allows more adaptability for the practitioner who must navigate within a particular organisational context to secure support for embedding HF into the design process for improved operator wellbeing and system performance. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY There has been little scientific literature about how a practitioner might integrate HF into a company's work system design process. This paper proposes a framework for this effort by presenting a coherent conceptual framework, process tools, design tools and procedural advice that can be adapted for a target organisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Neumann
- Human Factors Engineering Lab, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.
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