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Hou B, Yu D, Bai H, Du X. Research Progress of miRNA in Heart Failure: Prediction and Treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 84:136-145. [PMID: 38922572 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This review summarizes the multiple roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the prediction and treatment of heart failure (HF), including the molecular mechanisms regulating cell apoptosis, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and ventricular remodeling, and highlights the importance of miRNAs in the prognosis of HF. In addition, the strategies for alleviating HF with miRNA intervention are discussed. On the basis of the challenges and emerging directions in the research and clinical practice of HF miRNAs, it is proposed that miRNA-based therapy could be a new approach for prevention and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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2
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Han Z, Zhang L, Ma M, Keshavarzi M. Effects of MicroRNAs and Long Non-coding RNAs on Beneficial Action of Exercise on Cognition in Degenerative Diseases: A Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04292-4. [PMID: 38869810 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has exposed a growing body of proof underscoring the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in maintaining the physical composition of neurons and influencing cognitive functioning in both standard and atypical circumstances. Extensive research has been conducted on the possible application of miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers for various diseases, with a particular focus on brain disorders, as they possess remarkable durability in cell-free surroundings and can endure repeated freezing and thawing processes. It is intriguing to note that miRNAs and lncRNAs have the ability to function through paracrine mechanisms, thereby playing a role in communication between different organs. Recent research has proposed that the improvement of cognitive abilities through physical exercise in mentally healthy individuals is a valuable method for uncovering potential connections between miRNAs, or microRNAs, and lncRNAs, and human cognitive function. The process of cross-correlating data from disease models and patients with existing data will be crucial in identifying essential miRNAs and lncRNAs, which can potentially act as biomarkers or drug targets in the treatment of cognitive disorders. By combining this method with additional research in animal models, we can determine the function of these molecules and their potential impact on therapy. This article discusses the latest research about the primary miRNAs, lncRNAs, and their exosomes that are affected by physical activity in terms of human cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Han
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang International Studies University, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Capital University Of Physical Education And Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Minhang Ma
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang International Studies University, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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de Souza LC, Vilarino GT, Andrade A. Effects of home-based exercise on the health of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38588585 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2337105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Analyze the effects of interventions with home-based physical exercise on the health of patients with fibromyalgia and the characteristics of the protocols used. METHODS This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO and followed the PRISMA recommendations. Searches were performed in six electronic databases. Eligibility criteria for the selection of studies were compiled using the acronym PICOS. Data were extracted and checked in a Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet and the risk of bias was assessed using the Rob 2 tool. RESULTS The search resulted in seven studies included for analysis. Among them, the most common modality was aerobic exercise. The analyzed outcomes were: pain, quality of life, depression, anxiety, disease severity, physical function, pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, psychological well-being, sleep quality and somatosensory and temporal discrimination. The effects of home-based exercise are limited, and improvements in pain and quality of life was found. For the other outcomes, the results were inconclusive. Most studies presented some concerns about the risk of bias. CONCLUSION It is necessary to expand the evidence on home-based exercises for fibromyalgia, as this is the first systematic review on the subject. Subsequent research should focus on methodological rigor and protocol detail, allowing findings to be replicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loiane Cristina de Souza
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Sports Science Center, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Torres Vilarino
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Sports Science Center, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Andrade
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Sports Science Center, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
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4
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Zhang Z, Wu Z, Hu S, He M. Identification of serum microRNA alterations associated with long-term exercise-induced motor improvements in patients with Parkinson disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37470. [PMID: 38552099 PMCID: PMC10977540 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term physical exercise has been shown to benefit patients with Parkinson disease (PD), but there is a lack of evidence regarding the underlying mechanism. A better understanding of how such benefits are induced by exercise might contribute to the development of therapeutic targets for improving the motor function in individuals with PD. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the possible association between exercise-induced motor improvements and the changes in serum microRNA (miRNA) levels of PD patients through small RNA sequencing for the first time. METHODS Thirteen PD patients completed our 3-month home-and-community-based exercise program, while 6 patients were assigned to the control group. Motor functions were measured, and small RNA sequencing with data analysis was performed on serum miRNAs both before and after the program. The results were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were then conducted to determine the role of differentially expressed miRNAs. RESULTS The 3-month home-and-community-based exercise program induced significant motor improvements in PD patients in terms of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale activities of daily living and Motor Subscale (P < .05), comfortable walking speed (P = .003), fast walking speed (P = .028), Six-Minute Walk Test (P = .004), Berg Balance Scale (P = .039), and Timed Up and Go (P = .002). A total of 11 miRNAs (10 upregulated and one downregulated) were identified to be remarkably differentially expressed after intervention in the exercise group, but not in the control group. The results of miRNA sequencing were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. It was found that the targets of altered miRNAs were mostly enriched in the mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt, and Hippo signaling pathways and the GO annotations mainly included binding, catalytic activity, and transcription regulator activity. CONCLUSION The exercise-induced motor improvements were possibly associated with changes in circulating miRNA levels in PD patients. These miRNAs, as well as the most enriched pathways and GO terms, may play a critical role in the mechanism of exercise-induced benefits in PD and serve as novel treatment targets for the disease, although further investigations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziwei Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Niumanlan, Jingming Y, Hao Q, Farzan R, Alizadeh Otaghvar H. A systematic review of the exercise effects on burn wound healing. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14482. [PMID: 37957133 PMCID: PMC10898404 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging evidence has indicated the role of microRNAs (miRNA) in various physiological or pathological processes. Also, documents have suggested that exercise, by affecting miRNA regulation, may enhance burn wound healing. The current study aims to systematically review the role of exercise in regulating miRNAs related to burn wound healing to provide potential therapeutic targets. A comprehensive, systematic search was performed in different international electronic databases, such as Embase, PubMed and Google Scholar search engine, Science Direct, ProQuest and Ovid using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings from 2010 to September 2023. The keywords, including 'exercise' AND 'burn wound' AND 'microRNA' and finally, six cases were achieved. Evidence has indicated that exercise may promote the healing of burn wounds by regulating certain miRNAs. Studies have found that exercise regulates the expression of miRNAs such as mir-155, miR-21, let-7a, miR-146a, miR-122 and mir-210 in burn wound tissue, which regulate inflammation and angiogenesis. These findings suggest that miRNAs may play a role in the positive effect of exercise on burn wound healing. However, further research is needed to understand the mechanisms involved fully.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qin Hao
- Taiji Martial Arts Institute of Jiaozuo UniversityJiaozuoChina
| | - Ramyar Farzan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
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Zhao R. Exercise mimetics: a novel strategy to combat neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:40. [PMID: 38308368 PMCID: PMC10837901 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the stimulation of resident immune cells of the brain and the penetration of peripheral immune cells. These inflammatory processes facilitate the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Managing neuroinflammation to restore immune homeostasis and decrease neuronal damage is a therapeutic approach for AD. One way to achieve this is through exercise, which can improve brain function and protect against neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction in AD models. The neuroprotective impact of exercise is regulated by various molecular factors that can be activated in the same way as exercise by the administration of their mimetics. Recent evidence has proven some exercise mimetics effective in alleviating neuroinflammation and AD, and, additionally, they are a helpful alternative option for patients who are unable to perform regular physical exercise to manage neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on exercise mimetics, including their efficacy, regulatory mechanisms, progress, challenges, limitations, and future guidance for their application in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renqing Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Stott J, Wright T, Holmes J, Wilson J, Griffiths-Jones S, Foster D, Wright B. A systematic review of non-coding RNA genes with differential expression profiles associated with autism spectrum disorders. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287131. [PMID: 37319303 PMCID: PMC10270643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To identify differential expression of shorter non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). BACKGROUND ncRNA are functional molecules that derive from non-translated DNA sequence. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) have approved ncRNA gene classes with alignment to the reference human genome. One subset is microRNA (miRNA), which are highly conserved, short RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by direct post-transcriptional repression of messenger RNA. Several miRNA genes are implicated in the development and regulation of the nervous system. Expression of miRNA genes in ASD cohorts have been examined by multiple research groups. Other shorter classes of ncRNA have been examined less. A comprehensive systematic review examining expression of shorter ncRNA gene classes in ASD is timely to inform the direction of research. METHODS We extracted data from studies examining ncRNA gene expression in ASD compared with non-ASD controls. We included studies on miRNA, piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), small NF90 (ILF3) associated RNA (snaR), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), vault RNA (vtRNA) and Y RNA. The following electronic databases were searched: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC, AMED and CINAHL for papers published from January 2000 to May 2022. Studies were screened by two independent investigators with a third resolving discrepancies. Data was extracted from eligible papers. RESULTS Forty-eight eligible studies were included in our systematic review with the majority examining miRNA gene expression alone. Sixty-four miRNA genes had differential expression in ASD compared to controls as reported in two or more studies, but often in opposing directions. Four miRNA genes had differential expression in the same direction in the same tissue type in at least 3 separate studies. Increased expression was reported in miR-106b-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-146a-5p in blood, post-mortem brain, and across several tissue types, respectively. Decreased expression was reported in miR-328-3p in bloods samples. Seven studies examined differential expression from other classes of ncRNA, including piRNA, snRNA, snoRNA and Y RNA. No individual ncRNA genes were reported in more than one study. Six studies reported differentially expressed snoRNA genes in ASD. A meta-analysis was not possible because of inconsistent methodologies, disparate tissue types examined, and varying forms of data presented. CONCLUSION There is limited but promising evidence associating the expression of certain miRNA genes and ASD, although the studies are of variable methodological quality and the results are largely inconsistent. There is emerging evidence associating differential expression of snoRNA genes in ASD. It is not currently possible to say whether the reports of differential expression in ncRNA may relate to ASD aetiology, a response to shared environmental factors linked to ASD such as sleep and nutrition, other molecular functions, human diversity, or chance findings. To improve our understanding of any potential association, we recommend improved and standardised methodologies and reporting of raw data. Further high-quality research is required to shine a light on possible associations, which may yet yield important information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Stott
- Child Oriented Mental Health Intervention Collaborative (COMIC), University of York in Collaboration with Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
- Tees, Esk & Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Foss Park Hospital, York, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Wright
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Clinical Genetics Service, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jannah Holmes
- Child Oriented Mental Health Intervention Collaborative (COMIC), University of York in Collaboration with Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Wilson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Griffiths-Jones
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Foster
- Tees, Esk & Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Foss Park Hospital, York, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Wright
- Child Oriented Mental Health Intervention Collaborative (COMIC), University of York in Collaboration with Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
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8
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Hicks SD, Onks C, Kim RY, Zhen KJ, Loeffert J, Loeffert AC, Olympia RP, Fedorchak G, DeVita S, Gagnon Z, McLoughlin C, Madeira MM, Zuckerman SL, Lee T, Heller M, Monteith C, Campbell TR, Neville C, Fengler E, Dretsch MN. Refinement of saliva microRNA biomarkers for sports-related concussion. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:369-378. [PMID: 34461327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognizing sport-related concussion (SRC) is challenging and relies heavily on subjective symptom reports. An objective, biological marker could improve recognition and understanding of SRC. There is emerging evidence that salivary micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may serve as biomarkers of concussion; however, it remains unclear whether concussion-related miRNAs are impacted by exercise. We sought to determine whether 40 miRNAs previously implicated in concussion pathophysiology were affected by participation in a variety of contact and non-contact sports. Our goal was to refine a miRNA-based tool capable of identifying athletes with SRC without the confounding effects of exercise. METHODS This case-control study harmonized data from concussed and non-concussed athletes recruited across 10 sites. Levels of salivary miRNAs within 455 samples from 314 individuals were measured with RNA sequencing. Within-subjects testing was used to identify and exclude miRNAs that changed with either (a) a single episode of exercise (166 samples from 83 individuals) or (b) season-long participation in contact sports (212 samples from 106 individuals). The miRNAs that were not impacted by exercise were interrogated for SRC diagnostic utility using logistic regression (172 samples from 75 concussed and 97 non-concussed individuals). RESULTS Two miRNAs (miR-532-5p and miR-182-5p) decreased (adjusted p < 0.05) after a single episode of exercise, and 1 miRNA (miR-4510) increased only after contact sports participation. Twenty-three miRNAs changed at the end of a contact sports season. Two of these miRNAs (miR-26b-3p and miR-29c-3p) were associated (R > 0.50; adjusted p < 0.05) with the number of head impacts sustained in a single football practice. Among the 15 miRNAs not confounded by exercise or season-long contact sports participation, 11 demonstrated a significant difference (adjusted p < 0.05) between concussed and non-concussed participants, and 6 displayed moderate ability (area under curve > 0.70) to identify concussion. A single ratio (miR-27a-5p/miR-30a-3p) displayed the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.810, sensitivity = 82.4%, specificity = 73.3%) for differentiating concussed and non-concussed participants. Accuracy did not differ between participants with SRC and non-SRC (z = 0.5, p = 0.60). CONCLUSION Salivary miRNA levels may accurately identify SRC when not confounded by exercise. Refinement of this approach in a large cohort of athletes could eventually lead to a non-invasive, sideline adjunct for SRC assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Hicks
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Cayce Onks
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Raymond Y Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Kevin J Zhen
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jayson Loeffert
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Andrea C Loeffert
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Robert P Olympia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Gregory Fedorchak
- Department of Research and Development, Quadrant Biosciences Inc., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Samantha DeVita
- Department of Research and Development, Quadrant Biosciences Inc., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Zofia Gagnon
- Department of Biology, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601, USA
| | | | - Miguel M Madeira
- Department of Biology, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601, USA
| | - Scott L Zuckerman
- Sports Concussion Center, College of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Timothy Lee
- Sports Concussion Center, College of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Matthew Heller
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Chuck Monteith
- Department of Athletic Training, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
| | - Thomas R Campbell
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Christopher Neville
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Orthopedics, and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Elise Fengler
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Michael N Dretsch
- Department of Medical Research-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, US Army Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Hillhurst, WA 98433, USA
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Andrade A, D’Oliveira A, De Souza LC, Bastos ACRDF, Dominski FH, Stabile L, Buonanno G. Effects of Air Pollution on the Health of Older Adults during Physical Activities: Mapping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3506. [PMID: 36834200 PMCID: PMC9960154 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollutants present environmental threats to health and have been investigated in different environments, such as highways, squares, parks, and gyms. These environments are frequented by older adults, who are considered fragile to the harmful impacts of pollution present in the air. The aim was to analyze the state of the art on the effects of air pollution on the health of older adults during physical activities (PAs) through a mapping review. The search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cinahl databases until June 2022. Of the 10,109 studies initially identified, 58 met the inclusion criteria. The most investigated health outcome was cardiovascular disease, followed by respiratory outcomes. Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were the most investigated pollutants. Of the 75 health outcomes investigated, in 29, air pollution had harmful effects on the health of the older adults during the practice of PA, more frequently in cardiovascular diseases. In 25 outcomes, the beneficial effects of PA to the health of the older adults remained, despite exposure to high and low concentrations of pollutants, most often in terms of mental disorders. We conclude that poor air quality is a harmful factor for the health of older adults during the practice of PAs, more frequently in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. On the other hand, for mental-health-related outcomes (depression and cognition), in most studies, the beneficial effects of PA in older adults were maintained, even after exposure to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Andrade
- Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88035-901, Brazil
| | - Anderson D’Oliveira
- Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88035-901, Brazil
| | - Loiane Cristina De Souza
- Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88035-901, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Hech Dominski
- Department of Physical Education, Univille University, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil
| | - Luca Stabile
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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10
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Pedraza-Vázquez G, Mena-Montes B, Hernández-Álvarez D, Gómez-Verjan JC, Toledo-Pérez R, López-Teros MT, Königsberg M, Gómez-Quiroz LE, Luna-López A. A low-intensity lifelong exercise routine changes miRNA expression in aging and prevents osteosarcopenic obesity by modulating inflammation. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 105:104856. [PMID: 36399890 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) has been associated with increase immobility, falls, fractures, and other dysfunctions, which could increase mortality risk during aging. However, its etiology remains unknown. Recent studies revealed that sedentarism, fat gain, and epigenetic regulators are critical in its development. One effective intervention to prevent and treat OSO is exercise. Therefore, in the present study, by keeping rats in conditions of sedentarism and others under a low-intensity exercise routine, we established an experimental model of OSO. We determined the degree of sarcopenia, obesity, and osteopenia at different ages and analyzed the miRNA expression during the lifespan using miRNA microarrays from gastrocnemius muscle. Interestingly microarrays results showed that there is a set of miRNAs that changed their expression with exercise. The pathway enrichment analysis showed that these miRNAs are strongly associated with immune regulation. Further inflammatory profiles with IL-6/IL-10 and TNF-α/IL-10 ratios showed that exercised rats presented a lower pro-inflammatory profile than sedentary rats. Also, the body fat gain in the sedentary group increased the inflammatory profile, ultimately leading to muscle dysfunction. Exercise prevented strength loss over time and maintained skeletal muscle functionality over time. Differential expression of miRNAs suggests that they might participate in this process by regulating the inflammatory response associated with aging, thus preventing the development of OSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibrán Pedraza-Vázquez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Mena-Montes
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico
| | - David Hernández-Álvarez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Toledo-Pérez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Mina Königsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis E Gómez-Quiroz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Luna-López
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico.
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11
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Urbizu A, Arnaldo L, Beyer K. Obtaining miRNA from Saliva-Comparison of Sampling and Purification Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032386. [PMID: 36768706 PMCID: PMC9916721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of saliva as a biomarker source has advantages over other biofluids and imaging techniques, and miRNAs are ideal biomarker candidates. They are involved in numerous cellular processes, and their altered expression suggests that miRNAs play a crucial regulatory role in disease development. We wanted to find an easily reproducible and executable miRNA-obtaining methodology suitable for quantification. Three commercial miRNA extraction kits (mirVana, Nucleospin and miRNeasy) and three saliva collectors (50 mL tubes, Salimetrics and Oragene) were tested. Several features, including RNA quality and technical parameters, were evaluated. The expression of five synthetic spike-in controls and seven saliva-miRNAs was analyzed independently and grouped by the collectors and the extraction kits. The combination of Oragene and miRNeasy assured the most sensitive detection of all seven saliva miRNAs. Testing different combinations of saliva collectors and RNA purification kits permitted the establishment of combinations for different uses. The results of our study highlight that optimization of resources for biomarker studies is possible after careful planning of each study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aintzane Urbizu
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Laura Arnaldo
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katrin Beyer
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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12
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Palma-Flores C, Zárate-Segura PB, Hernández-Hernández JM, de los Santos S, Tejeda-Gómez AS, Cano-Martínez LJ, Canto P, Garcia-Rebollar JO, Coral-Vázquez RM. (−)-Epicatechin modulates the expression of myomiRs implicated in exercise response in mouse skeletal muscle. Gene X 2023; 849:146907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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13
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Vaz S, Hang JA, Codde J, Bruce D, Spilsbury K, Hill AM. Prescribing tailored home exercise program to older adults in the community using a tailored self-modeled video: A pre-post study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:974512. [PMID: 36620232 PMCID: PMC9815032 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.974512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community rehabilitation for older people after hospital discharge is necessary to regain functional ability and independence. However, poor adherence to exercise programs continues to hinder achieving positive health outcomes in older people. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prescribing a tailored video self-modeled DVD-HEP for 6 weeks, on functional mobility, physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life, in a sample of frail older adults. Materials and methods A pre- and post-test intervention study design was conducted, with each participant acting as their own control. A convergent, parallel, mixed-methods approach involving quantitative, and qualitative data collection was used. Participants received an individualized assessment at baseline and subsequently were provided with a 30-min tailored 6-week self-modeled DVD-HEP that showed the physiotherapist instructing the participant. The physiotherapist phoned participants fortnightly to encourage engagement in the program and explore responses to it. Outcomes evaluated included functional mobility, balance, gait speed, and exercise self-efficacy. Results Participants (n = 15) showed clinically meaningful improvements at follow-up compared to baseline in functional mobility (TUGMCID = 3.4-3.5 s, 3-MWTMCID = 0.1-0.2 m/s) and gait speed (3-MWTMCID = 0.1-0.2 m/s). There were also significant improvements in balance and self-efficacy for exercise and a 2.5- and a 1.3-fold increase in moderate and light physical activity participation at follow-up compared to baseline. The deductive themes were: (i) Enjoyment, self-efficacy, and wellbeing; (ii) Achieving life goals; (iii) Background music as a motivator to adherence; and (iv) Enhanced motor performance and learning: Task goal mastery, multimodal feedback, autonomy to self-regulate learning. The new inductive theme was (v) Preference for in-person support for exercise. Conclusion Future studies are warranted to compare a tailored self-modeled video HEP to face-to-face programs and other digital health modalities to evaluate older adults' adherence levels and functional improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Vaz
- School of Allied Health, WA Centre for Health and Ageing, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia,*Correspondence: Sharmila Vaz, ✉
| | - Jo-Aine Hang
- School of Allied Health, WA Centre for Health and Ageing, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - David Bruce
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Katrina Spilsbury
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- School of Allied Health, WA Centre for Health and Ageing, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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14
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Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:383. [PMID: 36446784 PMCID: PMC9709153 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity has been known as an essential element to promote human health for centuries. Thus, exercise intervention is encouraged to battle against sedentary lifestyle. Recent rapid advances in molecular biotechnology have demonstrated that both endurance and resistance exercise training, two traditional types of exercise, trigger a series of physiological responses, unraveling the mechanisms of exercise regulating on the human body. Therefore, exercise has been expected as a candidate approach of alleviating a wide range of diseases, such as metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, tumors, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, the capacity of exercise to promote tissue regeneration has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades. Since most adult human organs have a weak regenerative capacity, it is currently a key challenge in regenerative medicine to improve the efficiency of tissue regeneration. As research progresses, exercise-induced tissue regeneration seems to provide a novel approach for fighting against injury or senescence, establishing strong theoretical basis for more and more "exercise mimetics." These drugs are acting as the pharmaceutical alternatives of those individuals who cannot experience the benefits of exercise. Here, we comprehensively provide a description of the benefits of exercise on tissue regeneration in diverse organs, mainly focusing on musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. We also discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the regenerative effects of exercise and emerging therapeutic exercise mimetics for regeneration, as well as the associated opportunities and challenges. We aim to describe an integrated perspective on the current advances of distinct physiological mechanisms associated with exercise-induced tissue regeneration on various organs and facilitate the development of drugs that mimics the benefits of exercise.
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15
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Earle A, Bessonny M, Benito J, Huang K, Parker H, Tyler E, Crawford B, Khan N, Armstrong B, Stamatikos A, Garimella S, Clay-Gilmour A. Urinary Exosomal MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Obesity-Associated Chronic Kidney Disease. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185271. [PMID: 36142918 PMCID: PMC9502686 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is key to reducing the burden of disease and rising costs of care. This need has spurred interest in finding new biomarkers for CKD. Ideal bi-omarkers for CKD should be: easy to measure; stable; reliably detected, even when interfering substances are present; site-specific based on the type of injury (tubules vs. glomeruli); and its changes in concentration should correlate with disease risk or outcome. Currently, no single can-didate biomarker fulfills these criteria effectively, and the mechanisms underlying kidney fibrosis are not fully understood; however, there is growing evidence in support of microRNA-mediated pro-cesses. Specifically, urinary exosomal microRNAs may serve as biomarkers for kidney fibrosis. In-creasing incidences of obesity and the recognition of obesity-associated CKD have increased interest in the interplay of obesity and CKD. In this review, we provide: (1) an overview of the current scope of CKD biomarkers within obese individuals to elucidate the genetic pathways unique to obesi-ty-related CKD; (2) a review of microRNA expression in obese individuals with kidney fibrosis in the presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension; (3) a review of thera-peutic processes, such as diet and exercise, that may influence miR-expression in obesity-associated CKD; (4) a review of the technical aspects of urinary exosome isolation; and (5) future areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Earle
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Madison Bessonny
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Josh Benito
- Prisma Health, Pediatric Nephrology, Greenville, SC 29615, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, College of Agriculture, Forestry & Life Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Hannah Parker
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Emily Tyler
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Brittany Crawford
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Nabeeha Khan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Bridget Armstrong
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Alexis Stamatikos
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, College of Agriculture, Forestry & Life Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sudha Garimella
- Prisma Health, Pediatric Nephrology, Greenville, SC 29615, USA
| | - Alyssa Clay-Gilmour
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Zhelankin AV, Iulmetova LN, Sharova EI. The Impact of the Anticoagulant Type in Blood Collection Tubes on Circulating Extracellular Plasma MicroRNA Profiles Revealed by Small RNA Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810340. [PMID: 36142259 PMCID: PMC9499385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-analytical factors have a significant influence on circulating microRNA (miRNA) profiling. The aim of this study was a comprehensive assessment of the impact of the anticoagulant type in blood collection tubes on circulating plasma miRNA profiles using small RNA sequencing. Blood from ten healthy participants (five males and five females from 25 to 40 years old) was taken in collection tubes with four different anticoagulants: acid citrate dextrose (ACD-B), sodium citrate, citrate-theophylline-adenosine-dipyridamole (CTAD) and dipotassium-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (K2 EDTA). Platelet-free plasma samples were obtained by double centrifugation. EDTA plasma samples had elevated levels of hemolysis compared to samples obtained using other anticoagulants. Small RNA was extracted from plasma samples and small RNA sequencing was performed on the Illumina NextSeq 500 system. A total of 30 samples had been successfully sequenced starting from ~1 M reads mapped to miRNAs, allowing us to analyze their diversity and isoform content. The principal component analysis showed that the EDTA samples have distinct circulating plasma miRNA profiles compared to samples obtained using other anticoagulants. We selected 50 miRNA species that were differentially expressed between the sample groups based on the type of anticoagulant. We found that the EDTA samples had elevated levels of miRNAs which are abundant in red blood cells (RBC) and associated with hemolysis, while the levels of some platelet-specific miRNAs in these samples were lowered. The ratio between RBC-derived and platelet-derived miRNAs differed between the EDTA samples and other sample groups, which was validated by quantitative PCR. This study provides full plasma miRNA profiles of 10 healthy adults, compares them with previous studies and shows that the profile of circulating miRNAs in the EDTA plasma samples is altered primarily due to an increased level of hemolysis.
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17
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Solsona R, Borrani F, Bernardi H, Sanchez AMJ. Perspectives on Epigenetic Markers in Adaptation to Physical Exercise. Microrna 2022; 11:91-94. [PMID: 35307001 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220318140844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Solsona
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Faculty of Sports Sciences, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Performance Santé Environnement de Montagne (LIPSEM) UR4640, Font-Romeu, France.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Borrani
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Henri Bernardi
- INRAE, UMR866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme (DMEM), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony M J Sanchez
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Faculty of Sports Sciences, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Performance Santé Environnement de Montagne (LIPSEM) UR4640, Font-Romeu, France
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18
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Biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms associated with maximal fat oxidation during physical exercise: implications for metabolic health and sports performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:1773-1795. [PMID: 35362801 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) assessed during a graded exercise test is a remarkable physiological indicator associated with metabolic flexibility, body weight loss and endurance performance. The present review considers existing biomarkers related to MFO, highlighting the validity of maximal oxygen uptake and free fatty acid availability for predicting MFO in athletes and healthy individuals. Moreover, we emphasize the role of different key enzymes and structural proteins that regulate adipose tissue lipolysis (i.e., triacylglycerol lipase, hormone sensitive lipase, perilipin 1), fatty acid trafficking (i.e., fatty acid translocase cluster of differentiation 36) and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (i.e., citrate synthase and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes II-V) on MFO variation. Likewise, we discuss the association of MFO with different polymorphism on the ACE, ADRB3, AR and CD36 genes, identifying prospective studies that will help to elucidate the mechanisms behind such associations. In addition, we highlight existing evidence that contradict the paradigm of a higher MFO in women due to ovarian hormones activity and highlight current gaps regarding endocrine function and MFO relationship.
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19
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Widmann M, Mattioni Maturana F, Burgstahler C, Erz G, Schellhorn P, Fragasso A, Schmitt A, Nieß AM, Munz B. miRNAs as markers for the development of individualized training regimens: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15217. [PMID: 35274816 PMCID: PMC8915711 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Small, non‐coding RNAs (microRNAs) have been shown to regulate gene expression in response to exercise in various tissues and organs, thus possibly coordinating their adaptive response. Thus, it is likely that differential microRNA expression might be one of the factors that are responsible for different training responses of different individuals. Consequently, determining microRNA patterns might be a promising approach toward the development of individualized training strategies. However, little is known on (1) microRNA patterns and their regulation by different exercise regimens and (2) possible correlations between these patterns and individual training adaptation. Here, we present microarray data on skeletal muscle microRNA patterns in six young, female subjects before and after six weeks of either moderate‐intensity continuous or high‐intensity interval training on a bicycle ergometer. Our data show that n = 36 different microRNA species were regulated more than twofold in this cohort (n = 28 upregulated and n = 8 downregulated). In addition, we correlated baseline microRNA patterns with individual changes in VO2max and identified some specific microRNAs that might be promising candidates for further testing and evaluation in the future, which might eventually lead to the establishment of microRNA marker panels that will allow individual recommendations for specific exercise regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Widmann
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Mattioni Maturana
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christof Burgstahler
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Erz
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Schellhorn
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annunziata Fragasso
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Angelika Schmitt
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Nieß
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Munz
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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20
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Sandmo SB, Matyasova K, Filipcik P, Cente M, Koerte IK, Pasternak O, Andersen TE, Straume-Næsheim TM, Bahr R, Jurisica I. Changes in circulating microRNAs following head impacts in soccer. Brain Inj 2022; 36:560-571. [PMID: 35172120 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2034042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the short-term effects of accidental head impacts and repetitive headers on circulating microRNAs, accounting for the effects of high-intensity exercise alone. METHODS Blood samples were collected from professional soccer players at rest. Repeat samples were drawn 1 h and 12 h after three conditions: (1) accidental head impacts in a match, (2) repetitive headers during training, and (3) high-intensity exercise. 89 samples were screened to detect microRNAs expressed after each exposure. Identified microRNAs were then validated in 98 samples to determine consistently deregulated microRNAs. Deregulated microRNAs were further explored using bioinformatics to identify target genes and characterize their involvement in biological pathways. RESULTS Accidental head impacts led to deregulation of eight microRNAs that were unaffected by high-intensity exercise; target genes were linked to 12 specific signaling pathways, primarily regulating chromatin organization, Hedgehog and Wnt signaling. Repetitive headers led to deregulation of six microRNAs that were unaffected by high-intensity exercise; target genes were linked to one specific signaling pathway (TGF-β). High-intensity exercise led to deregulation of seven microRNAs; target genes were linked to 31 specific signaling pathways. CONCLUSION We identified microRNAs specific to accidental head impacts and repetitive headers in soccer, potentially being useful as brain injury biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stian Bahr Sandmo
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katarina Matyasova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Filipcik
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Cente
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Inga Katharina Koerte
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thor Einar Andersen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Martin Straume-Næsheim
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haugesund Rheumatism Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Roald Bahr
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute and Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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21
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D’Oliveira A, De Souza LC, Langiano E, Falese L, Diotaiuti P, Vilarino GT, Andrade A. Home Physical Exercise Protocol for Older Adults, Applied Remotely During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for Randomized and Controlled Trial. Front Psychol 2022; 13:828495. [PMID: 35185739 PMCID: PMC8855123 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.828495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) at the beginning of 2020, considered a public health emergency due to its high transmission rate and lack of specific treatment, led many countries to adhere to social isolation. Although necessary, social isolation causes important psychological changes, negatively affecting the health of the population, including the older population. The aim of this study is to propose a 4-week, home-based physical exercise protocol for older people in social isolation and evaluate whether will promote positive changes in psychological variables such as anxiety, mood, depression, and stress, and in the variables sleep, quality of life, and physical capacities in the older adults. The sample will be selected in a probabilistic way from individuals aged 60 years or more from the city of Itajaí (Santa Catarina, Brazil). Of these, half will perform a home-based resistance training protocol, with 3 weekly sessions, for 4 consecutive weeks. For group allocation, patients will be randomized with a computer-generated 1:1 allocation to the physical exercise (PE) group or control group. Outcomes will be depressive symptoms, sleep quality, quality of life, stress, mood states, anxiety, and functional capacity, evaluated at baseline, after 4 weeks, and after 15 days of follow-up. This study will offer a home-based exercise protocol for older adults, with load progression and remote monitoring, thus filling a gap in the provision of PE in this population. The results will be able to identify possible improvements not only in physical health, but also in quality of life and mental health. Clinical Trial Registration: The trial registration was carried out in the Brazil Clinical Trials Registry (RBR-5qh6f3v). (https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-5qh6f3v).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson D’Oliveira
- Health and Sports Science Center – CEFID/Santa Catarina State University, UDESC, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Psychology – LAPE, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Loiane Cristina De Souza
- Health and Sports Science Center – CEFID/Santa Catarina State University, UDESC, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Psychology – LAPE, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Elisa Langiano
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health/University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Lavinia Falese
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health/University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Diotaiuti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health/University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Guilherme Torres Vilarino
- Health and Sports Science Center – CEFID/Santa Catarina State University, UDESC, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Psychology – LAPE, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Andrade
- Health and Sports Science Center – CEFID/Santa Catarina State University, UDESC, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Psychology – LAPE, Florianópolis, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Alexandro Andrade,
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22
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Pelozin BRA, Soci UPR, Gomes JLP, Oliveira EM, Fernandes T. mTOR signaling-related microRNAs as cardiac hypertrophy modulators in high-volume endurance training. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 132:126-139. [PMID: 34792404 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00881.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training (ET) promotes cardiovascular adaptations, including physiological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlying these changes are unclear. The study aimed to elucidate specific miRNAs and target genes involved with the Akt/mTOR signaling in high-volume ET-induced LVH. Eight-week-old female Wistar rats were assigned to three groups: sedentary control (SC), trained protocol 1 (P1), and trained protocol 2 (P2). P1 consisted of 60 minutes/day of swimming, 5x/week, for 10 weeks. P2 consisted of the same protocol as P1 until the 8th week; in the 9th week, rats trained 2x/day, and in the 10th week, trained 3x/day. Subsequently, structure and molecular parameters were evaluated in the heart. Trained groups demonstrate higher values to VO2 peak, exercise tolerance, and LVH in a volume-dependent manner. The miRNA-26a-5p levels were higher in P1 and P2 compared to SC group (150±15%, d=1.8; 148±16%, d=1.7; and 100±7%, respectively, P < 0.05). In contrast, miRNA-16-5p levels were lower in P1 and P2 compared to SC group (69±5%, d=2.3, P < 0.01; 37±4%, d=5.6, P < 0.001 and 100±6%, respectively). Additionally, miRNA-16-5p knockdown and miRNA-26a-5p overexpression significantly promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Both miRNAs were selected, using Diana Tolls bioinformatics website, for acting in the mTOR signaling pathway. The protein expression of Akt, mTOR, p70S6k, and 4E-BP1 were greater in P1 and even more pronounced in P2. Nonetheless, GSK3β protein expression was lower in trained groups. Together, these molecular changes may contribute to a pronounced physiological LVH observed in high-volume aerobic training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno R A Pelozin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ursula Paula Reno Soci
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - João L P Gomes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilamar Menezes Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Exercise mimetics: harnessing the therapeutic effects of physical activity. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:862-879. [PMID: 34103713 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exercise mimetics are a proposed class of therapeutics that specifically mimic or enhance the therapeutic effects of exercise. Increased physical activity has demonstrated positive effects in preventing and ameliorating a wide range of diseases, including brain disorders such as Alzheimer disease and dementia, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This article discusses the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways associated with the beneficial effects of physical activity, focusing on effects on brain function and cognitive enhancement. Emerging therapeutic targets and strategies for the development of exercise mimetics, particularly in the field of central nervous system disorders, as well as the associated opportunities and challenges, are discussed.
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Papaioannou F, Karatzanos E, Chatziandreou I, Philippou A, Nanas S, Dimopoulos S. Epigenetic effects following acute and chronic exercise in cardiovascular disease: A systematic review. Int J Cardiol 2021; 341:88-95. [PMID: 34339767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute exercise and exercise training may confer epigenetic modifications in healthy subjects. Epigenetic effects after exercise have been showed in patients with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence from available clinical trials that study epigenetic adaptations after exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease. METHODS The search strategy was performed in PubMed and CENTRAL databases on articles published until September 2020. Studies with titles and abstracts relevant to exercise epigenetic modification applied to cardiovascular patients were fully examined. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were utilized for studies screening. Quality assessment with PEDro scale and evaluation by two independent reviewers was performed. RESULTS Of the 1714 articles retrieved, 88 articles were assessed for eligibility criteria and 8 articles matched our search criteria and finally included in the systematic analysis. The acute exercise epigenetic (miRNAs) effects were assessed in three studies and the chronic exercise training effects (miRNAs and DNA methylation) in six studies. The results have shown that there is possibly an acute significant exercise effect on epigenetic targets which is more evident after chronic exercise training. CONCLUSIONS By the present systematic review, we provide preliminary evidence of beneficial epigenetic adaptations following acute and chronic exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease. More controlled studies are needed to confirm such evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foivos Papaioannou
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Karatzanos
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilenia Chatziandreou
- 1(st) Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Serafim Nanas
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Dimopoulos
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Cardiac Surgery ICU, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
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Kumar Dev P, Gray AJ, Scott-Hamilton J, Hagstrom AD, Murphy A, Denham J. Co-expression analysis identifies networks of miRNAs implicated in biological ageing and modulated by short-term interval training. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111552. [PMID: 34363832 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training seems to promote healthy biological ageing partly by inducing telomere maintenance, yet the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies have emphasised the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ageing and their ability to mirror pathophysiological alterations associated with age-related diseases. We examined the association between aerobic fitness and leukocyte telomere length before determining the influence of vigorous exercise training on the regulation of leukocyte miRNA networks. Telomere length was positively correlated to aerobic fitness (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). 104 miRNAs were differentially expressed after six weeks of thrice-weekly sprint interval training (SIT) in healthy men (q < 0.05). Gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) detected biologically meaningful miRNA networks, five of which were significantly correlated with pre-SIT and post-SIT expression profiles (p < 0.001) and telomere length. Enrichment analysis revealed that the immune response, T cell differentiation and lipid metabolism associated miRNAs clusters were significantly down-regulated after SIT. Using data acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we also identified two co-expressed miRNAs families that were modulated by exercise training in previous investigations. Collectively, our findings highlight the miRNA networks implicated in exercise adaptations and telomere regulation, and suggest that SIT may attenuate biological ageing through the control of the let-7 and miR-320 miRNA families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Kumar Dev
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, India
| | - Adrian J Gray
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Amanda D Hagstrom
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Aron Murphy
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua Denham
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Regular football training down-regulates miR-1303 muscle expression in veterans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2903-2912. [PMID: 34212217 PMCID: PMC8416864 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Regular exercise affects the expression of several genes, proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) in time- and intensity-dependent manner promoting longevity. We previously identified from GeneChip Array analysis several differentially expressed genes and miRNAs in muscle from veteran football players (VPG) compared to active untrained elderly subjects (CG); here we focussed on miRNA-1303 (miR-1303). The aims of the present research were: to analyse the effects of football training on the expression of miR-1303 and to identify its putative target involved in the longevity pathways in skeletal muscle from VPG compared to CG. METHODS RNA samples from 12 VPG and 12 CG muscle biopsies were used to validate miR-1303 expression. Crossing four different bioinformatic algorithms, we identified 16 putative targets of miR-1303; from these, BAG-2, KLHL7 and KBTBD6 were chosen for further validation by Western blot analysis in LHCN-M2 human myoblasts transiently transfected with miR-1303. RESULTS Football training down-regulates miR-1303 expression in muscle from VPG compared to CG and the expression of BAG-2, a chaperon protein involved in the autophagy pathway, inversely correlated to overexpression of miR-1303 in a time-dependent manner, indicating that it is a miR-1303 potential target. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report, to our knowledge, describing miR-1303 regulation in skeletal muscle by football training and the identification of a target protein, BAG-2, involved in the autophagy pathway. This result contributes to the enlargement of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms linking football training, autophagy and longevity.
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Da Silva FC, Rode MP, Vietta GG, Iop RDR, Creczynski-Pasa TB, Martin AS, Da Silva R. Expression levels of specific microRNAs are increased after exercise and are associated with cognitive improvement in Parkinson's disease. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:618. [PMID: 34184078 PMCID: PMC8258464 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a consensus regarding the efficacy of physical exercise in maintaining or improving human health; however, there are few studies examining the effect of physical exercise on the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNA/miRs) in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an interval training program on a cycle ergometer on the expression levels of miR‑106a‑5p, miR‑103a‑3p and miR‑29a‑3p in serum samples from men with PD. This was a quasi‑experimental study with pre‑ and post‑testing and with a non‑equivalent group design. The participants were selected based on the eligibility criteria and subsequently classified into two groups: Experimental group and control group. The evaluations were performed at the beginning of the study (week 0) and after 8 weeks of the intervention program (week 9). The interval training program was performed on a cycle ergometer for 30 min, three times a week during an 8‑week period. The expression levels of miR‑106a‑5p, miR‑103a‑3p and miR‑29a‑3p in the experimental group were increased after physical exercise and were associated with cognitive improvement in men with PD. However, further studies are required to clarify the potential use of these circulating miRNAs as markers of adaptation to physical exercise. Collectively, the present results indicated that these three miRNAs may be associated with the exercise response and cognitive improvement in men with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Cascaes Da Silva
- Center for Health Sciences and Sports, Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
| | - Michele Patrícia Rode
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88010‑970, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Grunewald Vietta
- Nucleus of Epidemiology, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina 88137‑270, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Da Rosa Iop
- Center for Health Sciences and Sports, Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
| | - Tânia Beatriz Creczynski-Pasa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88010‑970, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Swarowsky Martin
- Center for Health and Sport Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
| | - Rudney Da Silva
- Center for Health Sciences and Sports, Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080‑350, Brazil
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Faraldi M, Gerosa L, Gomarasca M, Sansoni V, Perego S, Ziemann E, Banfi G, Lombardi G. A Physically Active Status Affects the Circulating Profile of Cancer-Associated miRNAs. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050820. [PMID: 33946605 PMCID: PMC8147229 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating miRNAs are ideal diagnostics and prognostics biomarkers in cancer since altered levels of specific miRNAs have been associated to development/progression of several cancers. Physical activity is a recognized preventive strategy against several cancers, but it may also modify the baseline levels of cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, may act as a confounding pre-analytical variable. This study aimed at understanding whether physical activity-dependent changes in cancer-associated circulating miRNAs profile could act as a confounding variable. A panel comprising 179 miRNAs was assayed in plasma from 20 highly trained and 10 sedentary men. RT-qPCR data were analyzed with the 2−2ΔΔCT methods and normalized on hsa-miR-320d, as determined by bioinformatics analysis. miRNAs associated with the diagnosis of the most prevalent cancers were considered. Only those miRNAs, relevantly associated with cancers, found ≥2-fold up- or downregulated in highly trained subjects compared to sedentary were disclosed. The results reveal that chronic physical activity determined modifications altering the baseline level of several cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, their diagnostic and prognostic potential. In conclusion, based on our results, a physically active status emerges as an important pre-analytical variable able to alter the basal level of circulating miRNAs, and these alterations might be considered as potentially misleading the analytical output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Laura Gerosa
- Gruppo San Donato Foundation, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02166214068
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
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Piccarducci R, Daniele S, Polini B, Carpi S, Chico L, Fusi J, Baldacci F, Siciliano G, Bonuccelli U, Nieri P, Martini C, Franzoni F. Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Oxidative Stress in Human Peripheral Blood Cells: Can Physical Activity Reactivate the Proteasome System through Epigenetic Mechanisms? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8869849. [PMID: 33488947 PMCID: PMC7796851 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8869849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by proteasome activity impairment, oxidative stress, and epigenetic changes, resulting in β-amyloid (Aβ) production/degradation imbalance. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is implicated in Aβ clearance, and particularly, the ApoE ε4 isoform predisposes to AD development. Regular physical activity is known to reduce AD progression. However, the impact of ApoE polymorphism and physical exercise on Aβ production and proteasome system activity has never been investigated in human peripheral blood cells, particularly in erythrocytes, an emerging peripheral model used to study biochemical alteration. Therefore, the influence of ApoE polymorphism on the antioxidant defences, amyloid accumulation, and proteasome activity was here evaluated in human peripheral blood cells depending on physical activity, to assess putative peripheral biomarkers for AD and candidate targets that could be modulated by lifestyle. Healthy subjects were enrolled and classified based on the ApoE polymorphism (by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique) and physical activity level (Borg scale) and grouped into ApoE ε4/non-ε4 carriers and active/non-active subjects. The plasma antioxidant capability (AOC), the erythrocyte Aβ production/accumulation, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediated proteasome functionality were evaluated in all groups by the chromatographic and immunoenzymatic assay, respectively. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms were investigated considering the expression of histone deacetylase 6, employing a competitive ELISA, and the modulation of two key miRNAs (miR-153-3p and miR-195-5p), through the miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Mini Kit. ApoE ε4 subjects showed a reduction in plasma AOC and an increase in the Nrf2 blocker, miR-153-3p, contributing to an enhancement of the erythrocyte concentration of Aβ. Physical exercise increased plasma AOC and reduced the amount of Aβ and its precursor, involving a reduced miR-153-3p expression and a miR-195-5p enhancement. Our data highlight the impact of the ApoE genotype on the amyloidogenic pathway and the proteasome system, suggesting the positive impact of physical exercise, also through epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Piccarducci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- NEST, Istituto di Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Chico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jonathan Fusi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Baldacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Franzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Armstrong LE, Bergeron MF, Lee EC, Mershon JE, Armstrong EM. Overtraining Syndrome as a Complex Systems Phenomenon. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 1:794392. [PMID: 36925581 PMCID: PMC10013019 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2021.794392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of reduced athletic performance following sustained, intense training (Overtraining Syndrome, and OTS) was first recognized more than 90 years ago. Although hundreds of scientific publications have focused on OTS, a definitive diagnosis, reliable biomarkers, and effective treatments remain unknown. The present review considers existing models of OTS, acknowledges the individualized and sport-specific nature of signs/symptoms, describes potential interacting predisposing factors, and proposes that OTS will be most effectively characterized and evaluated via the underlying complex biological systems. Complex systems in nature are not aptly characterized or successfully analyzed using the classic scientific method (i.e., simplifying complex problems into single variables in a search for cause-and-effect) because they result from myriad (often non-linear) concomitant interactions of multiple determinants. Thus, this review 1) proposes that OTS be viewed from the perspectives of complex systems and network physiology, 2) advocates for and recommends that techniques such as trans-omic analyses and machine learning be widely employed, and 3) proposes evidence-based areas for future OTS investigations, including concomitant multi-domain analyses incorporating brain neural networks, dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to training stress, the intestinal microbiota, immune factors, and low energy availability. Such an inclusive and modern approach will measurably help in prevention and management of OTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence E Armstrong
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Michael F Bergeron
- Sport Sciences and Medicine and Performance Health, WTA Women's Tennis Association, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Elaine C Lee
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - James E Mershon
- Department of Energy and Renewables, Heriot-Watt University, Stromness, United Kingdom
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Schmitt A, Herzog P, Röchner F, Brändle A, Fragasso A, Munz B. Skeletal muscle effects of two different 10-week exercise regimens, voluntary wheel running, and forced treadmill running, in mice: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14609. [PMID: 33118684 PMCID: PMC7594150 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and exercise induce a complex pattern of adaptation reactions in a broad variety of tissues and organs, particularly the cardiovascular and the musculoskeletal systems. The underlying mechanisms, however, specifically the molecular changes that occur in response to training, are still incompletely understood. Animal models help to systematically elucidate the mechanisms of exercise adaptation. With regard to endurance-based running exercise in mice, two basic regimens have been established: forced treadmill running (FTR), usually consisting of several sessions per week, and voluntary wheel running (VWR). However, the effects of these two programs on skeletal muscle molecular adaptation patterns have never been directly compared. To address this issue, in a pilot study, we analyzed the effects of two ten-week training regimens in juvenile, male, C57BL/6 mice: moderate-intensity forced treadmill running three-times-a-week, employing a protocol that has been widely used in similar studies before, and voluntary wheel running. Our data suggest that there are similarities, but also characteristic differences in the molecular responses of different skeletal muscle species to the two training regimens. In particular, we found that VWR induces a significant fiber type shift toward more type IIX fibers in the slow, oxidative soleus muscle (p = .0053), but not in the other three muscles analyzed. In addition, while training-induced expression patterns of the two metabolic markers Ppargc1a, encoding Pgc-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha) and Nr4a3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3) were roughly similar, downregulation of the Mstn (myostatin) gene and the "atrogene" Fbox32 could only be observed in response to VWR in specific muscles, such as in the gastrocnemius (p = .0015 for Mstn) and in the tibialis anterior (p = .0053 for Fbox32) muscles, suggesting that molecular adaptation reactions to the two training regimens show distinct characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Schmitt
- Department of Sports MedicineMedical ClinicUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Pascal Herzog
- Department of Sports MedicineMedical ClinicUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Franziska Röchner
- Department of Sports MedicineMedical ClinicUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Anne‐Lena Brändle
- Department of Sports MedicineMedical ClinicUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Annunziata Fragasso
- Department of Sports MedicineMedical ClinicUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Barbara Munz
- Department of Sports MedicineMedical ClinicUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical ActivityEberhard Karls University of TübingenTübingenGermany
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Effects of Physical Exercise on the Expression of Micrornas: A Systematic Review: Corrigendum. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:e273. [PMID: 32976288 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Regulation of microRNAs in Satellite Cell Renewal, Muscle Function, Sarcopenia and the Role of Exercise. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186732. [PMID: 32937893 PMCID: PMC7555198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia refers to a condition of progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function associated with a higher risk of falls and fractures in older adults. Musculoskeletal aging leads to reduced muscle mass and strength, affecting the quality of life in elderly people. In recent years, several studies contributed to improve the knowledge of the pathophysiological alterations that lead to skeletal muscle dysfunction; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia are still not fully understood. Muscle development and homeostasis require a fine gene expression modulation by mechanisms in which microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role. miRNAs modulate key steps of skeletal myogenesis including satellite cells renewal, skeletal muscle plasticity, and regeneration. Here, we provide an overview of the general aspects of muscle regeneration and miRNAs role in skeletal mass homeostasis and plasticity with a special interest in their expression in sarcopenia and skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise in the elderly.
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Lionett S, Kiel IA, Camera DM, Vanky E, Parr EB, Lydersen S, Hawley JA, Moholdt T. Circulating and Adipose Tissue miRNAs in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training. Front Physiol 2020; 11:904. [PMID: 32848854 PMCID: PMC7406716 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), several miRNAs are differentially expressed compared to women without PCOS, suggesting a role for miRNAs in PCOS pathophysiology. Exercise training modulates miRNA abundance and is primary lifestyle intervention for women with PCOS. Accordingly, we measured the expression of eight circulating miRNAs selected a priori along with miRNA expression from gluteal and abdominal adipose tissue (AT) in 12 women with PCOS and 12 women matched for age and body mass index without PCOS. We also determined the miRNA expression “signatures” before and after high-intensity interval training (HIT) in 42 women with PCOS randomized to either: (1) low-volume HIT (LV-HIT, 10 × 1 min work bouts at maximal, sustainable intensity, n = 13); (2) high-volume HIT (HV-HIT, 4 × 4 min work bouts reaching 90–95% of maximal heart rate, n = 14); or (3) non-exercise control (Non-Ex, n = 15). Both HIT groups trained three times/week for 16 weeks. miRNAs were extracted from plasma, gluteal and abdominal AT, and quantified via a customized plate array containing eight miRNAs associated with PCOS and/or exercise training responses. Basal expression of circulating miRNA-27b (c-miR-27b), implicated in fatty acid metabolism, adipocyte differentiation and inflammation, was 1.8-fold higher in women with compared to without PCOS (P = 0.006) despite no difference in gluteal or abdominal AT miR-27b expression. Only the HV-HIT protocol increased peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak L/min; 9%, P = 0.008). There were no changes in body composition. In LV-HIT, but not HV-HIT, the expression of c-miR-27b decreased (0.5-fold, P = 0.007). None of the remaining seven circulating miRNAs changed in LV-HIT, nor was the expression of gluteal or abdominal AT miRNAs altered. Despite increased cardiorespiratory fitness, HV-HIT did not alter the expression of any circulating, gluteal or abdominal AT miRNAs. We conclude that women with PCOS have a higher basal expression of c-miR-27b compared to women without PCOS and that 16 weeks of LV-HIT reduces the expression of this miRNA in women with PCOS. Intense exercise training had little effect on the abundance of the selected miRNAs within subcutaneous AT depots in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Lionett
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ida A Kiel
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Donny M Camera
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eszter Vanky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Evelyn B Parr
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John A Hawley
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trine Moholdt
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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