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Gallotta MC, Franciosi E, Giorgi M, Guidetti L, Cerbara E, Pes G, Silvestri F, Curzi D. Benefits of inclusive sport training on fitness and health of athletes with and without intellectual disability. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21203. [PMID: 39261519 PMCID: PMC11390872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behaviours in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) negatively impact health-related determinants and increase the risk of physical dysfunction or chronic health issues. Inclusive sport practice can enhance social inclusion and fitness, benefiting overall person development and life quality. This study aimed to assess fitness level variation in athletes with and without ID before and after a 9-month inclusive (INC) and non-inclusive (N_INC) basketball training. 38 athletes with ID and 14 athletes without ID belonged to INC group, 38 athletes with ID belonged to N_INC group and 23 participants with ID belonged to the control group (CG). Before and after the intervention period, all participants performed anthropometric (body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage) and fitness tests (muscle strength and power, cardiovascular endurance, balance, flexibility, agility, movement speed, and coordination). ID and non-ID athletes of both INC and N_INC groups significantly improved in most of the tests (weight, balance, flexibility, muscle strength, endurance, agility, movement speed and coordination) while CG group significantly worsened weight, muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, movement speed and coordination, after the intervention (p < 0.05). These findings showed that sport training improved fitness in athletes with ID, decreasing health risks. Moreover, involving in the same training group persons with and without disabilities, does not limit the beneficial effects that training induce on persons without ID and could be a valid way to promote both social inclusion and physical health of persons with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Gallotta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Laura Guidetti
- Department of Humanities, Movement and Education Sciences, University Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Fioretta Silvestri
- Department of Humanities, Movement and Education Sciences, University Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Curzi
- Department of Humanities, Movement and Education Sciences, University Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy.
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Aksović N, Dobrescu T, Bubanj S, Bjelica B, Milanović F, Kocić M, Zelenović M, Radenković M, Nurkić F, Nikolić D, Marković J, Tomović M, Vulpe AM. Sports Games and Motor Skills in Children, Adolescents and Youth with Intellectual Disabilities. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:912. [PMID: 37371144 DOI: 10.3390/children10060912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Sports games are one of the best ways of engaging in physical activity for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and Down syndrome (DS). This systematic review of the current literature aims to identify and sum relevant data on motor skills and clarify whether there are positive effects of sports programs in motor skills games in children, adolescents, and youth with ID and DS. (2) Methods: The systematic review of the papers was carried out following the methodological guidelines and by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) consensus. The following electronic databases were researched: PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ERIC from 2001 to 2023. (3) Results: The basketball test battery can be used to improve and monitor basketball training. Basketball players with lower levels of ID achieved better results, especially those with disabilities of the II and III degrees. Futsal has a positive impact on the coordination, and the differences between the test results of the vertical jump with and without an arm swing, that can be seen indirectly as a coordination factor, were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Basketball is recommended as an effective and practical rehabilitation program for children, adolescents, and youth with ID and DS. Futsal is an interesting and helpful activity for individuals with ID as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Aksović
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština, 38218 Priština, Serbia
| | - Tatiana Dobrescu
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Performance, Vasile Alecsandri University, 600115 Bacau, Romania
| | - Saša Bubanj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Bjelica
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of East Sarajevo, 71126 Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Miodrag Kocić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Zelenović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of East Sarajevo, 71126 Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marko Radenković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Filip Nurkić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Marković
- Faculty of Pedagogy, University of Kragujevac, 31000 Užice, Serbia
| | - Milena Tomović
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ana-Maria Vulpe
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Performance, Vasile Alecsandri University, 600115 Bacau, Romania
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