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Yılmaz O, Soylu Y, Erkmen N, Kaplan T, Batalik L. Effects of proprioceptive training on sports performance: a systematic review. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:149. [PMID: 38965588 PMCID: PMC11225257 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proprioception, the ability to sense the body's position and movement, is essential for athletic performance and physical well-being. The literature highlights the importance of proprioceptive training in rehabilitation, sports performance, injury prevention, and motor function enhancement. Targeted training programs can improve balance, coordination, motor learning, and overall physical performance. This systematic review aimed to examine the effects of proprioceptive training methods on sports and athletic performance. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted using the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases, and a literature review was performed based on the PICO criteria outlined in the abstract and title. RESULTS Following the search, 178 articles were identified using relevant keywords, of which 19 directly addressed sports performance and were included in this study. The findings revealed that proprioceptive training had a positive influence on various aspects of athletic performance, including physiological capacity, balance, explosive strength, speed, agility, postural stability, knee joint position sense, muscle activation, reduction of chronic joint instability, dribbling, passing, and technical ball-control skills. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that proprioceptive training can be an effective strategy for experts and coaches to enhance athletes' physical performance. Primarily, proprioceptive exercises should be used inside and outside the training sessions to enable athletes to interact more effectively with their bodies, reduce the risk of injury, and improve power transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Yılmaz
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Soylu
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Nurtekin Erkmen
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Ladislav Batalik
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Jouira G, Rebai H, Alexe DI, Sahli S. Effect of Combined Training With Balance, Strength, and Plyometrics on Physical Performance in Male Sprint Athletes With Intellectual Disabilities. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2024; 41:382-401. [PMID: 38417422 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2023-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with intellectual disabilities often face unique challenges in physical capabilities, making traditional training methods less effective for their specific needs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combining balance, plyometric, and strength (CBPS) training with sprint training on physical performance in male athletes with intellectual disabilities. Twenty-seven participants were randomly assigned to either a CBPS group or a control group that only maintained their regular sprint training. Participants underwent pre- and posttraining tests, including measures of balance, jumping, agility, and sprinting ability. The results showed that the CBPS group demonstrated significant improvements (p < .05) in one-leg stance, crossover-hop jump, squat jump, countermovement jump, and 10- and 30-m sprint at posttraining compared with pretraining. CBPS training combined with sprinting significantly improves physical performance in male athletes with intellectual disabilities, suggesting implications for tailored training programs to enhance their physical fitness and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Jouira
- Research Laboratory of Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Haithem Rebai
- Tunisian Research Laboratory of Sports Performance Optimization (LR09SEP01), National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Dan Iulian Alexe
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Performance, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, "Vasile Alecsandri," University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania
| | - Sonia Sahli
- Research Laboratory of Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Di Corrado D, Francavilla VC, La Paglia R, Parisi MC, Buscemi A, Coco M. Short-Term Effects of Specific Sensorimotor Training on Postural Assessment in Healthy Individuals: A Pilot Study with a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:jfmk8020046. [PMID: 37092378 PMCID: PMC10123614 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that sensorimotor training aims to increase the performance of the sensorimotor system to maintain an upright position. Through the use of a randomized placebo-controlled trial, the specific aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of a specific session of sensorimotor training on postural balance, stability and coordination in healthy, recreationally active participants. Ninety subjects were randomly allocated into three groups: experimental (n = 30), placebo (n = 32) and control (n = 28). The experimental group performed a 5 min warm-up, with the sensorimotor training consisting of 60-min specific sensorimotor exercises; the control group was not allowed to perform any sensorimotor training; the placebo group observed a video clip of an individual belonging to the experimental group performing the sensorimotor training accurately. All participants were seen three times per week for 4 weeks. Before and after the entire training, all groups of participants undertook stabilometric parameter assessment. The intervention-mediated sensorimotor training confirmed significant enhancement in the proprioceptive system. Significant improvement in the motor and/or sensory function was observed in the experimental and placebo groups. In conclusion, our findings suggest that specific sensorimotor training performed 3 days per week for 4 weeks could improve postural balance, stability and coordination in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Di Corrado
- Department of Sport Sciences, Kore University, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Buscemi
- Study Center of Italian Osteopathy and Horus Social Cooperative, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Marinella Coco
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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4
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The effects of core stabilization exercises on the neuromuscular function of athletes with ACL reconstruction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2202. [PMID: 36750662 PMCID: PMC9905573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Athletes who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often exhibit persistently impaired kinematics and strength. Core stability training appears to be effective for reducing high-risk landing mechanics and preventing primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries; however, there have been few attempts to examine their effects in athletes who have undergone ACLR. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of simple core stability training on core endurance, hip strength, and knee kinematics in ACLR athletes. Twenty-six male athletes (20-30 years old) with a history of ACL surgery with hamstring tendon autograft were randomly divided into training (n = 13) and control groups (n = 13). The training group performed core stability exercises for eight weeks before starting their team training; the control group did not receive any intervention. Both groups continued their regular team schedule. The core endurance, hip muscle strength, and knee kinematics were assessed by the McGill test, a hand-held dynamometer, and video-taping, respectively. Analysis of covariance test was used for data analysis. The training group showed a significant increase in core endurance, hip abductor and external rotator strength, knee flexion angle, and a significant decrease in the knee valgus angle during single-leg landing in post-training tests compared to their baseline tests (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that core stability exercise alters neuromuscular function to a level that is clinically acceptable and statistically significant. Because of the high incidence rate of secondary ACL injury after ACLR, it is recommended that athletes with a history of ACLR benefit from adding core stability exercises to warm-up routines or tertiary prevention programs even after completing post-operative rehabilitation. It is fast and not time-consuming to perform for athletes to reduce the risk factors of re-injury. Trial registration: This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the number IRCT20190224042827N2, registered on 19 December 2019.
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Mayer P, Sebesi B, Vadász K, Laczkó J, Zentai N, Balázs B, Váczi M. Kinematics and muscle activity of the lower limb during single-leg stance on the two sides of the Togu Jumper. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1049035. [PMID: 36875045 PMCID: PMC9975544 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1049035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Togu Jumper is a both sides utilized balance training device, which consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. It has been shown to be effective in improving postural control but there are no recommendations for the usage of the sides. Our aim was to examine leg muscle activity and kinematics in response to a single-leg stance on the two sides of the Togu Jumper and the floor. Methods: In 14 female subjects, linear acceleration of leg segments, segmental angular sway, and myoelectric activity of 8 leg muscles were recorded in the three stance conditions. Results: Except gluteus medius and gastrocnemius medialis, all muscles were more active when balancing on either Togu Jumper side compared to the floor (p < 0.001), but there was no difference between the two sides in any muscles. Linear acceleration was the greatest in the frontal plane on the flat Togu side in the case of the foot (p < 0.001). Pelvis acceleration was unaffected by the balance conditions. Segmental angular sway was the greatest in the frontal plane, on the bladder side in the foot segment (p < 0.001). No difference was found among the three conditions (all p > 0.05) in the case of the shank, thigh, and pelvis. Conclusion: The use of the two Togu Jumper sides produced different balance strategies in the foot segment and induced no difference in equilibrium procedures at the level of the pelvis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mayer
- Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Sebesi
- Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kitty Vadász
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Laczkó
- Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Norbert Zentai
- Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bence Balázs
- Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márk Váczi
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Ali OI, Abdelraouf OR, El-Gendy AM, Abdelgalil AA, Abdelaal AK, Dahlawi HA, Selim AO. Efficacy of telehealth core exercises during COVID-19 after bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 58:845-852. [PMID: 35904308 PMCID: PMC10077962 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.22.07457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery (BS) is presently the most durable and effective intervention to address severe obesity. BS results in significant weight loss and body composition changes, with reductions in both fat mass and lean mass. Conequently, muscle tissue wasting and a reduction in muscle strength and endurance seem to take place. Some studies have evaluated the impact of resistance training on changes in lean body mass and muscle strength either alone or along with protein supplementation in the first year after BS. However, the effects of core stabilization training on core endurance, postural control, and aerobic capacity in patients after BS have not been evaluated. AIM This study assessed the effect of a home telehealth core stabilization exercise program on core stability, postural control, and aerobic capacity in patients after BS. DESIGN A single-blinded randomized controlled trial. SETTING Home-based exercise program. POPULATION Patients after BS. METHODS Fifty-four patients who underwent BS randomly assigned into study and control groups. The study group followed a telehealth supervised home core stabilization program for 8 weeks, while the control group did not receive any form of exercises. Core endurance tests, postural stability, and aerobic capacity were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks in both groups. RESULTS No significant difference was noted between groups at baseline (P>0.05). The outcome of the group comparisons showed significant improvement in core endurance tests, postural stability, and aerobic capacity in the study group. Between groups comparision showed that the study group scores significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). However, the control group showed non-significant changes in any measured variables after eight weeks (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Eight weeks of a home-based telehealth core exercise program improves core endurance, postural stability, and aerobic capacity in patients after BS. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT The core stabilization exercise is an important rehabilitation program that should be implemented after BS. Telehealth is an alternative rehabilitation tool during the COVID -19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat I Ali
- Department of Basic Science for Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt -
| | | | - Amira M El-Gendy
- Department of Basic Science for Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | - Haytham A Dahlawi
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Taif, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali O Selim
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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7
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Proprioceptive exercises and their role in improving static and dynamic joint stability in ankle sprains in handball players. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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García-Solano K, Pinzón-Romero S, Pérez-Parra J. EFECTO DEL EJERCICIO PROPIOCEPTIVO SOBRE EL EQUILIBRIO EN PATINADORES DE CARRERA JUVENILES. REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y DEL DEPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.15366/rimcafd2022.87.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de un programa de ejercicio propioceptivo sobre el equilibrio en patinadores de carrera juveniles. Se realizó un estudio de alcance cuasiexperimental. Se aleatorizaron tres clubes de patinaje, dos al grupo control y otro al experimental. Participaron 49 jóvenes de ambos sexos entre 11 y 15 años. Al grupo experimental se le aplicó un programa de ejercicio propioceptivo, mientras el grupo control recibió un programa de entrenamiento convencional. Se realizó una evaluación estabilométrica, se midieron los límites de estabilidad, la amplitud y frecuencia de oscilaciones y el equilibrio estático. Ambos grupos mejoraron la frecuencia de balanceo en ambas direcciones, con ojos abiertos y ojos cerrados (p<0,050). Ninguno de los límites de estabilidad y amplitud de balanceo, así como el equilibrio estático evidenciaron cambios significativos (p>0,050). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las medidas de cambio entre grupos en ninguna de las variables estudiadas (p>0,050).
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9
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Is Kinesio Taping Effective for Sport Performance and Ankle Function of Athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI)? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050620. [PMID: 35630037 PMCID: PMC9146435 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ankle injuries are the most common type of injury in healthy active individuals. If not treated properly, recurrent sprains can lead to a condition of chronic ankle instability (CAI). The aim of the present review is to evaluate the effects of Kinesio Taping (or KT) on sports performances and ankle functions in athletes with CAI. Materials and Methods: This systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out following the criteria of the Prisma Statement system (registered on Open Science Framework, number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/D8QN5). For the selection of the studies, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were used as databases in which the following string was used: (“kinesiology tape” OR “tape” OR “taping” OR “elastic taping” OR “kinesio taping” OR “neuro taping”) AND (unstable OR instability) AND (ankle OR (ankle OR “ankle sprain” OR “injured ankle” OR “ankle injury”)). The Downs and Black Scale was used for the quality analysis. The outcomes considered were gait functions, ROM, muscle activation, postural sway, dynamic balance, lateral landing from a monopodalic drop and agility. Effect sizes (ESs) were synthesised as standardized mean differences between the control and intervention groups. Calculation of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for each ES was conducted according to Hedges and Olkin. Results: In total, 1448 articles were identified and 8 studies were included, with a total of 270 athletes. The application of the tape had a significant effect size on gait functions, ROM, muscle activation and postural sway. Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in gait functions (step velocity, step and stride length and reduction in the base of support in dynamics), reduction in the joint ROM in inversion and eversion, decrease in the muscle activation of the long peroneus and decrease in the postural sway in movement in the mid-lateral direction. It is possible to conclude that KT provides a moderate stabilising effect on the ankles of the athletes of most popular contact sports with CAI.
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Karakus A, Balaban M, Kaya DO, Celenay ST. Lumbopelvic muscle endurance, morphology, alignment, and mobility in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A case-control study. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2022; 92:105582. [PMID: 35093799 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the literature, it is thought that spine or pelvic malalignment and changes in the abdominal muscle structure may affect the uterine position and cause menstrual pain. However, the overall lumbopelvic structure related to lumbopelvic muscle endurance, thickness, alignment, and mobility in women with primary dysmenorrhea has not been well investigated. This study aimed to compare women with primary dysmenorrhea and asymptomatic controls in terms of lumbopelvic structure. METHODS Women with primary dysmenorrhea (primary dysmenorrhea group, n: 38, age: 21 years (18-28), body mass index (BMI): 20.70 (17.31-28.73) kg/m2) and without primary dysmenorrhea (asymptomatic group, n: 39, age: 20 years (19-23), BMI: 20.83 (17.31-27.10) kg/m2) were included. The severity of menstrual pain, lumbopelvic muscle endurance, morphology, alignment, and mobility were assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale, McGill trunk muscle endurance tests, ultrasonographic imaging, and a Valedo® Shape device, respectively. FINDINGS The median value of the menstrual pain in the primary dysmenorrhea group was 6.5 cm (min-max: 4.0-10.0). Lumbopelvic muscle endurance (p < 0.001), muscle thickness (p < 0.001), frontal lumbar angle (p: 0.05), sagittal pelvic mobility (p < 0.001), and frontal lumbar mobility (p: 0.002) were lower in the primary dysmenorrhea group compared to the asymptomatic group. INTERPRETATION Muscle endurance, thickness, alignment, and mobility of the lumbopelvic structure in women with primary dysmenorrhea compared to asymptomatic women have been affected negatively. These findings should be considered in management of primary dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Karakus
- Cankırı Karatekin University, Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Occupational Therapy, Cankırı, Turkey.
| | - Mehtap Balaban
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Ozer Kaya
- Izmir Kâtip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Seyda Toprak Celenay
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
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Choi DS, Jung EN, Park MH. Comparison of balance ability and physical fitness according to the growth period in taekwondo players. J Exerc Rehabil 2021; 17:354-361. [PMID: 34805025 PMCID: PMC8566109 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2142502.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate and evaluate balance ability, isokinetic moments, and physical fitness according to the growth period from middle school to university in male taekwondo players. Thirty-five taekwondo players (middle school, n=11; high school, n=15; university, n=9) participated in this study. The anteriorposterior and medial-lateral CoP displacement at balance ability was better in university players than in high school and middle school players. The isokinetic knee joint muscle strength of the right extension and flexion % body weight (BW) at 60°/s was higher in university players than in high school players. The average power of right flexion BW at 180°/sec was higher in middle school players than in high school players. Back strength was higher in university players than in middle and high school players. The repeated jump was higher in high school players than in middle school players. The standing broad jump was higher in university players than in middle school players. The side-step was higher in university players than in high school players. The average power and total energy of anaerobic power were higher in university and high school players than in middle school players. The peak drop in anaerobic power was higher in middle school players than in high school players. Based on the results of the present study, the growth period should be considered when applying training such as balance, isokinetic moments, and physical fitness to male taekwondo players.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun-Na Jung
- Department of Sports Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Jadczak Ł, Grygorowicz M, Dzudziński W, Śliwowski R. Comparison of Static and Dynamic Balance at Different Levels of Sport Competition in Professional and Junior Elite Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 33:3384-3391. [PMID: 29652679 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Jadczak, Ł, Grygorowicz, M, Dzudziński, W, and Śliwowski, R. Comparison of static and dynamic balance at different levels of sport competition in professional and junior elite soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3384-3391, 2019-The purpose of this study was to compare body balance control and balance recovery strategies of professional football players, representing various sports levels in static (eyes open, eyes closed) and dynamic conditions, both on the dominant and nondominant leg. Three groups of professional and junior elite soccer players were investigated: a PRO group (n = 52), a U-21 group (n = 55), and a U-19 group (n = 47). The study of body balance control was performed using a Delos Postural Proprioceptive System measurement tool. The analysis of the results showed an effect of group (p < 0.01) and leg significance (p < 0.95) in the dynamic test. Three-way analysis of variance (3 [group] × 2 [leg] × 2 [eyes]) of static test data showed that the main effect of eyes (p < 0.0001), group (p < 0.0001), and leg (p = 0.0092) and the 2-way interaction of eyes × group (p = 0.0003) were significant. To represent statistical significance, the cutoff value was set to be p ≤ 0.005 for all measures. Our results indicate the importance of evaluation and monitoring of dynamic and static balance on both legs, which allows for a comprehensive comparison of body balance control and the balance recovery strategy depending on the represented sport level. Our study indicates that the higher the sport level of football players (the PRO group), the better their balance, which may indirectly contribute to the prevention of injuries and more effective performance of any actions directly related to the game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Jadczak
- Department of Team Sports Games, University School of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Grygorowicz
- Research and Development Department, Rehasport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Robert Śliwowski
- Department of Team Sports Games, University School of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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13
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Posa G, Betak O, Nagy E. Balance in focus: a simple observational scale to monitor the effect of exercises on static balance in case of childhood flexible flat foot. J Phys Ther Sci 2020; 32:735-741. [PMID: 33281289 PMCID: PMC7708003 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.32.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Childhood flexible flat foot is the most common lower limb deformity.
Observational evaluation of the underlying elements of reactive balance during static
positions is an accepted tool besides the timed measures. We aim to assess the effects of
combined balance training on the foot function and to test the usefulness of our
observational static balance score. [Participants and Methods] A total of 19 healthy
primary school students with flexible flat foot deformity volunteered for the study. We
evaluated the foot’s dynamic properties and static postural stability before and after a
20-week combined balance training. On the basis of the observational findings, the time
vs. quality observational static balance score was developed. All data were subjected to
Wilcoxon’s test and Friedman’s ANOVA to compare the effects of the training on foot
trajectory and observational static balance score. [Results] Better strength and endurance
in the foot extensors and improved foot function were noted after the training. Using our
observational static balance score, the quality of the balance performance remarkably
changed. [Conclusion] The quality domain of our new scale seems to be a useful tool in
daily clinical practice and a more sensitive measure in eyes-closed situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Posa
- Juhász Gyula Faculty of Education Institute of Applied Health Sciences and Health Promotion, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Betak
- Physiotherapy Programme, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Nagy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of Szeged: H-6726 Szeged, Temesvári krt. 31, Hungary
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Analysis of static balance performance and dynamic postural priority according to playing position in elite soccer players. Gait Posture 2019; 74:148-153. [PMID: 31525652 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Balance performance and postural priority are important components of motor skill development. No published reports have investigated the differences in static balance abilities and postural priority among professional soccer players according to field position. RESEARCH QUESTION We hypothesized that static balance as well as dynamic postural priority is influenced by playing position in professional soccer players. METHODS The study covered a group of 101 elite professional soccer players who were divided into six subgroups according to playing positions: goalkeepers (G) (n = 10), central defenders (CD) (n = 15), external defenders (ED) (n = 15), central midfielders (CM) (n = 23), external midfielders (EM) (n = 15) and forwards (F) (n = 23). All participants completed the Delos Postural System Test using the standard protocol. The tests were performed unilaterally on non-dominant (NL) and dominant leg (DL) under static conditions (with open and closed eyes) standing on a stable platform and under dynamic conditions on an unstable base. RESULTS In the static test with open eyes (ST OE) there were no statistically significant differences between the legs and positions. In the static test with closed eyes (ST CE), the differences are statistically significant only between positions. Players on the CM position have significantly higher differences than G. In the dynamic postural priority test (DPPT) there is a difference between positions and legs. In fact, the statistically higher differentiation refers to players in the CM position relative to ED, CD, EM and F. We noticed a significantly greater difference in the NL compared to the DL. SIGNIFICANCE Static balance performance and postural priority varied with playing position in elite soccer players. Midfield players have better postural priority than players in other positions. Professional soccer players present greater balance postural priority on the non-dominant leg.
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General versus sports-specific injury prevention programs in athletes: A systematic review on the effects on performance. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221346. [PMID: 31465458 PMCID: PMC6715272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Injury prevention programs (IPPs) are an inherent part of training in recreational and professional sports. Providing performance-enhancing benefits in addition to injury prevention may help adjust coaches and athletes’ attitudes towards implementation of injury prevention into daily routine. Conventional thinking by players and coaches alike seems to suggest that IPPs need to be specific to one’s sport to allow for performance enhancement. The systematic literature review aims to firstly determine the IPPs nature of exercises and whether they are specific to the sport or based on general conditioning. Secondly, can they demonstrate whether general, sports-specific or even mixed IPPs improve key performance indicators with the aim to better facilitate long-term implementation of these programs? Methods PubMed and Web of Science were electronically searched throughout March 2018. The inclusion criteria were randomized control trials, publication dates between Jan 2006 and Feb 2018, athletes (11–45 years), injury prevention programs and included predefined performance measures that could be categorized into balance, power, strength, speed/agility and endurance. The methodological quality of included articles was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration assessment tools. Results Of 6619 initial findings, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria. In addition, reference lists unearthed a further 6 studies, making a total of 28. Nine studies used sports specific IPPs, eleven general and eight mixed prevention strategies. Overall, general programs ranged from 29–57% in their effectiveness across performance outcomes. Mixed IPPs improved in 80% balance outcomes but only 20–44% in others. Sports-specific programs led to larger scale improvements in balance (66%), power (83%), strength (75%), and speed/agility (62%). Conclusion Sports-specific IPPs have the strongest influence on most performance indices based on the significant improvement versus control groups. Other factors such as intensity, technical execution and compliance should be accounted for in future investigations in addition to exercise modality.
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Hung KC, Chung HW, Yu CCW, Lai HC, Sun FH. Effects of 8-week core training on core endurance and running economy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213158. [PMID: 30849105 PMCID: PMC6407754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 8-week core training on core endurance and running economy in college athletes. Twenty-one male college athletes were randomly divided into 2 groups: a control group (CON) (n = 10) and a core training group (CT) (n = 11). Both groups maintained their regular training, whereas CT attended 3 extra core training sessions per week for 8 weeks. The participants were assessed before and after the training program using sensory organization test (SOT), sport-specific endurance plank test (SEPT) and 4-stage treadmill incremental running test (TIRT). Compared with the pre-test, significant improvements were observed in post-test SOT (78.8 ± 4.8 vs. 85.3 ± 4.8, p = 0.012) and SEPT (193.5 ± 71.9 s vs. 241.5 ± 98.9 s, p = 0.001) performances only in CT. In the TIRT, the post-test heart rate values were lower than the pre-test values in CT in the first 3 stages. In stage 4, the post-test oxygen consumption (VO2) was lower than that in pre-test in CT (VO2: 52.4 ± 3.5 vs. 50.0 ± 2.9 ml/kg/min, p = 0.019). These results reveal that 8-week core training may improve static balance, core endurance, and running economy in college athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwong-Chung Hung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ho-Wa Chung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clare Chung-Wah Yu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong-Chung Lai
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng-Hua Sun
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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An Exploratory Study on the Acute Effects of Proprioceptive Exercise and/or Neuromuscular Taping on Balance Performance. Asian J Sports Med 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.63020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Nagy E, Posa G, Finta R, Szilagyi L, Sziver E. Perceptual Aspects of Postural Control: Does Pure Proprioceptive Training Exist? Percept Mot Skills 2018; 125:581-595. [PMID: 29558843 DOI: 10.1177/0031512518764493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As proprioceptive training is popular for injury prevention and rehabilitation, we evaluated its effect on balance parameters and assessed the frequency spectra of postural sway linked with the various sensory channels. We recorded the Center of Mass displacement of 30 healthy student research participants (mean age = 21.63; SD = 1.29 years) with a single force plate under eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) positions while standing on either a firm or foam surface, both before and after an 8-week balance training intervention on a foam surface with EC. We subjected the data to frequency power spectral analysis to find any differences between the frequency bands, linked with various sensory data. On the foam surface in the EC condition, the sway path decreased significantly after proprioceptive training, but, on the firm surface in the EC condition, there was no change. On the foam surface in the EC condition, there was also a significant decrease in frequency power postproprioceptive training in the medium-to-low frequency band. While our data indicate better posttraining balance skills, improvements were task specific to the trained condition, with no transfer of the acquired skill, even to a similar, easier condition. As training improved the middle-low frequency band, linked with vestibular signals, this intervention is better described as balance than "proprioceptive" training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Nagy
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Posa
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Regina Finta
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Levente Szilagyi
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Sziver
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Rodríguez-Rosell D, Pareja-Blanco F, Aagaard P, González-Badillo JJ. Physiological and methodological aspects of rate of force development assessment in human skeletal muscle. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2017; 38:743-762. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Rodríguez-Rosell
- Centro de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Deportivo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Pareja-Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Deportivo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Per Aagaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Brachman A, Kamieniarz A, Michalska J, Pawłowski M, Słomka KJ, Juras G. Balance Training Programs in Athletes - a Systematic Review. J Hum Kinet 2017; 58:45-64. [PMID: 28828077 PMCID: PMC5548154 DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become almost routine practice to incorporate balance exercises into training programs for athletes from different sports. However, the type of training that is most efficient remains unclear, as well as the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise that would be most beneficial have not yet been determined. The following review is based on papers that were found through computerized searches of PubMed and SportDiscus from 2000 to 2016. Articles related to balance training, testing, and injury prevention in young healthy athletes were considered. Based on a Boolean search strategy the independent researchers performed a literature review. A total of 2395 articles were evaluated, yet only 50 studies met the inclusion criteria. In most of the reviewed articles, balance training has proven to be an effective tool for the improvement of postural control. It is difficult to establish one model of training that would be appropriate for each sport discipline, including its characteristics and demands. The main aim of this review was to identify a training protocol based on most commonly used interventions that led to improvements in balance. Our choice was specifically established on the assessment of the effects of balance training on postural control and injury prevention as well as balance training methods. The analyses including papers in which training protocols demonstrated positive effects on balance performance suggest that an efficient training protocol should last for 8 weeks, with a frequency of two training sessions per week, and a single training session of 45 min. This standard was established based on 36 reviewed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brachman
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical EducationKatowicePoland
| | - Anna Kamieniarz
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical EducationKatowicePoland
| | - Justyna Michalska
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical EducationKatowicePoland
| | - Michał Pawłowski
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical EducationKatowicePoland
| | - Kajetan J. Słomka
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical EducationKatowicePoland
| | - Grzegorz Juras
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical EducationKatowicePoland
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Gouwanda D, Gopalai AA. Investigating Human Balance and Postural Control During Bilateral Stance on BOSU Balance Trainer. J Med Biol Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-017-0282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lubetzky AV, Price R, McCoy SW. Effects of Achilles tendon vibration, surface and visual conditions on lower leg electromyography in young adults with and without recurrent ankle sprains. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 20:639-49. [PMID: 27634090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Functional ankle instability is associated with decreased ankle muscle function. Compliant surfaces and eyes-closed training are commonly used for rehabilitation and prevention of ankle sprains. Brief Achilles tendon vibration is commonly used in the study of postural control. To test the level of activation of tibialis anterior (TIB) and fibularis longus (FIB), bilateral Achilles tendon vibration was applied for the middle 20 s in a series of 60-s trials, when 10 healthy young adults and 10 adults with history of repeated ankle sprains were standing bipedal: on floor, on memory foam, or on a Both Sides Up (BOSU) ball, with eyes open, and on floor and foam with eyes closed. Differences in Integrated surface electromyography (IEMG) of TIB and FIB were significant for both groups pre, during, and post vibration (Friedman Tests, p < 0.001 for all). In both groups, the highest IEMG for TIB was obtained during vibration when standing on foam with eyes closed, whereas the highest IEMG for FIB was obtained during vibration when standing on the BOSU. Bipedal stance on BOSU and brief Achilles tendon vibration may be a useful intervention when a session's goal is to facilitate lower leg muscles activation. Future research should explore training effects as well as the effect of FIB tendon vibration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Price
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sarah W McCoy
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Behm DG, Muehlbauer T, Kibele A, Granacher U. Effects of Strength Training Using Unstable Surfaces on Strength, Power and Balance Performance Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2015; 45:1645-69. [PMID: 26359066 PMCID: PMC4656700 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of strength training on unstable surfaces (STU) versus stable surfaces (STS) or a control condition (CON; i.e., no training or regular training only) for strength, power and balance performance across the lifespan has not yet been investigated in a systematic review and meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to determine the general effects of STU versus STS or CON on muscle strength, power and balance in healthy individuals across the lifespan and to investigate whether performance changes following STU are age specific. DATA SOURCES A computerized systematic literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science from January 1984 up to February 2015. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Initially, 209 articles were identified for review. Only controlled trials were included if they investigated STU in healthy individuals and tested at least one measure of maximal strength, strength endurance, muscle power, or static/dynamic balance. In total, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS The included studies were coded for the following criteria: age, sex, training status, training modality, exercise and test modality. Effect size measures included within-subject standardized mean differences (SMDw) and weighted between-subject standardized mean differences (SMDb). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 and χ2 statistics. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale. RESULTS Our search failed to identify studies that examined the effects of STU versus STS or CON in children and middle-aged adults. However, four studies were identified that investigated the effects of STU versus CON or STS in adolescents, 15 studies were identified in young adults and three studies were identified in old adults. Compared with CON, STU produced medium effects on maximal strength in young adults and no effects to medium effects in old adults. In addition, large effects were detected on strength endurance in adolescents and in young adults; in old adults, a small effect was found. With regard to muscle power, medium effects were observed in young adults and small effects were observed in old adults. Further, large effects were found for static and dynamic balance in old adults, but only a small effect was found for dynamic balance in young adults. The comparison of STU and STS revealed inconsistent results as indicated by training-induced changes in favour of STU, as well as STS. Small to medium effects were found for maximal strength in adolescents in favour of STS, and small effects were found in young adults in favour of STU. With regard to strength endurance, large effects were found in adolescents in favour of STS and small effects were found in favour of STU. Additionally, we detected small effects in young adults in favour of STU. In terms of muscle power, no effects were observed in adolescents but medium effects were found in favour of STS in young adults. With regard to balance, small effects were detected in adolescents for static and dynamic balance in favour of STU. In young adults, small effects were found for static balance in favour of STS. With regard to dynamic balance, the analysis revealed small effects in young adults in favour of STU. LIMITATIONS The quality of the included studies was rather low, with mean PEDro scores of 5.8, 4.0 and 5.0 for studies including adolescents, young adults and old adults, respectively. Further, trivial to considerable heterogeneity between studies (i.e., 0% ≤ I2 ≤ 96%) was detected. CONCLUSIONS Compared with CON, STU is effective in improving muscle strength, power and balance in adolescents, young adults and old adults. However, inconsistent results were particularly found in adolescents and young adults when the specific effects of STU were compared with those of STS. We conclude that the performance of STU compared with STS has limited extra effects on muscle strength, power and balance performance in healthy adolescents and young adults. Given that our systematic search did not identify studies that examined the effects of STU versus STS in children, middle-aged adults and old adults, further research of high methodological quality is needed to determine whether there are additive effects of STU as compared with STS in those age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Thomas Muehlbauer
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Building 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Armin Kibele
- Institute for Sports and Sport Science, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Building 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.
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Lubetzky-Vilnai A, McCoy SW, Price R, Ciol MA. Young Adults Largely Depend on Vision for Postural Control When Standing on a BOSU Ball but Not on Foam. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:2907-18. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Azevedo AP, Mezêncio B, Valvassori R, Anjos FO, Barbanti VJ, Amadio AC, Serrão JC. Usage of Running Drills in an Interval Training Program. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:1796-802. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Romero-Franco N, Martínez-López E, Hita-Contreras F, Martínez-Amat A. Indoor-season changes in the stabilometry of sprinters and middle-distance runners. Sci Sports 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dose-Response Relationships of Balance Training in Healthy Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2014; 45:557-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Winter T, Beck H, Walther A, Zwipp H, Rein S. Influence of a proprioceptive training on functional ankle stability in young speed skaters – a prospective randomised study. J Sports Sci 2014; 33:831-40. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2014.964751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Abstract
When prescribing balance exercises to athletes in different sports, it may be important to recognize performance variations. Indeed, how athletes from different sports perform on balance tests is not well understood. The goal of the present study was to compare static balance and the role of vision among elite sprinters, jumpers and rugby players. The modified clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (mCTSIB) was used to assess the velocity of the center-of-pressure (CoP) on a force platform during a 30 s bipedal quiet standing posture in 4 conditions: firm surface with opened and closed eyes, foam surface with opened and closed eyes. Three-factor ANOVA indicated a significant main effect for groups (F=21.69, df=2, p<0.001, η2 = 0.34). Significant main effect of vision (F=43.20, df=1, p<0.001, η2 = 0.34) and surface (F=193.41, df=1, p<0.001, η2 = 0.70) as well as an interaction between vision (eyes open, eyes closed) and surface (firm and foam) (F=21.79, df=1, p=0.001) were reported in all groups. The subsequent Bonferroni-Dunn post hoc test indicated that rugby players displayed better static balance than sprinters and jumpers (p=0.001). The comparison of sprinters and jumpers did not reveal significant differences (p>0.05). The nature of the sport practiced and the absence of visual control are linked to modify static balance in elite athletes. Coaches and strength and conditioning professionals are recommended to use a variety of exercises to improve balance, including both exercises with opened and closed eyes on progressively challenging surfaces in order to make decisions about tasks and sensory availability during assessment and training.
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Romero-Franco N, Gallego-Izquierdo T, Martínez-López EJ, Hita-Contreras F, Catalina OPM, Martínez-Amat A. Postural Stability and Subsequent Sports Injuries during Indoor Season of Athletes. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:683-7. [PMID: 24926132 PMCID: PMC4047232 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to analyze stabilometry in athletes during an indoor
season in order to determine whether injured athletes show different stabilometric values
before injury than non-injured athletes in two different training periods (volume and
pre-competition periods). [Subjects] The subjects were 51 athletes from Unicaja athletic
club who trained regularly. [Methods] At the end of the preseason and volume periods,
athletes were subjected to bipodal and monopodal stabilometry. In addition, all injuries
happening in the periods after performing stabilometry (volume and pre-competition
periods) were tracked. [Results] Variance analysis of bipodal stabilometric measurements
taken at the end of the preseason period showed that athletes with higher values for the
center-of-pressure spread variables suffered injuries during the volume period. The
right-leg monopodal stabilometric measurements taken at the end of the volume period
showed that athletes with higher values in the center-of-pressure position variables
suffered injuries during the pre-competition period. [Conclusion] Athletes showing the
worst values for center-of-pressure spread variables are more prone to sports injuries in
the subsequent training period. In monopodal measurements, athletes with poorer
mediolateral stability were more prone to injuries in the subsequent training period.
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Romero-Franco N, Martínez-Amat A, Hita-Contreras F, Martínez-López EJ. Short-term Effects of a Proprioceptive Training Session with Unstable Platforms on the Monopodal Stabilometry of Athletes. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:45-51. [PMID: 24567674 PMCID: PMC3927040 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze the short-term effects of a proprioceptive session on the monopodal
stabilometry of athletes. [Subjects] Thirty-seven athletes were divided into a control
group (n=17) and an experimental group (n=20). [Methods] Both groups performed a
conventional warm-up, after which a 25-minute proprioceptive session on ustable platforms
was carried out only by the experimental group. Before the training session, all athletes
carried out a single-leg stabilometry test which was repeated just after training, 30
minutes, 1 hour, 6 hours and 24 hours later. [Results] Analysis of covariance (α=0.05)
revealed that the experimental group had lower values than the control group in length and
velocity of center of pressure (CoP) of left-monopodal stance and in velocity of CoP of
right-monopodal stance in post-training measurements. Also, the experimental group had
values closer to zero for the CoP position in the mediolateral and anteroposterior
directions of left-monopodal stance (Xmeanl and Ymeanl) and the anteroposterior direction
in on right-monopodal stance (Ymeanr) in post-training measurements. Within-group analysis
of Xmeanl and Ymeanl, length and velocity of CoP in right-monopodal stance showed
continuous fluctuations of values between sequential measurements in the control group.
[Conclusion] Proprioceptive training on unstable platfoms after a warm-up stabilizes the
position of CoP in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions and decreases CoP
movements in short-term monopodal stability of athletes.
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Romero-Franco N, Martínez-López EJ, Lomas-Vega R, Hita-Contreras F, Osuna-Pérez MC, Martínez-Amat A. Short-term Effects of Proprioceptive Training With Unstable Platform on Athletes' Stabilometry. J Strength Cond Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31827de04c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Martínez-Amat A, Hita-Contreras F, Lomas-Vega R, Caballero-Martínez I, Alvarez PJ, Martínez-López E. Effects of 12-Week Proprioception Training Program on Postural Stability, Gait, and Balance in Older Adults. J Strength Cond Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31827da35f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Hita-Contreras F, Martínez-Amat A, Lomas-Vega R, Álvarez P, Aránega A, Martínez-López E, Mendoza N. Predictive value of stabilometry and fear of falling on falls in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2012; 16:584-9. [DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2012.733464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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