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Urrila AS, Karlsson L, Kiviruusu O, Pankakoski M, Pelkonen M, Strandholm T, Marttunen M. Sleep complaints in adolescent depression: one year naturalistic follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:283. [PMID: 25603383 PMCID: PMC4196090 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-014-0283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep complaints are highly prevalent in adolescents suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD). The aims of this study were to describe the longitudinal course of sleep complaints, and to assess the association between sleep complaints and clinical outcome in a sample of adolescents with MDD during naturalistic follow-up. METHODS A sample of adolescent outpatients (n = 166; age 13-19 years, 17.5% boys) diagnosed with MDD was followed-up during one year in naturalistic settings. Sleep symptoms and psychiatric symptoms were assessed with interviews and self-report questionnaires. RESULTS All sleep complaints were less frequent at one-year follow-up compared to baseline. Baseline sleep complaints did not adversely affect clinical outcome at one-year follow-up: severity of the sleep complaints at baseline was associated with a steeper improvement of depressive and anxiety symptoms, suicidality/self-harm symptoms, and overall psychosocial functioning over time. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that sleep disturbances at baseline do not necessarily lead to poorer clinical outcome during follow-up. Larger longitudinal studies combining both subjective and objective measures of sleep in depressed adolescents are needed to clarify the link between sleep and depression further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Urrila
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland ,Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 83, , 00029, HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland ,Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Kiviruusu
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maiju Pankakoski
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirjami Pelkonen
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thea Strandholm
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland ,Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Helsingin yliopisto, P.O. Box 20, , 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mauri Marttunen
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, , 00271 Helsinki, Finland ,Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 83, , 00029, HUS Helsinki, Finland ,Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Helsingin yliopisto, P.O. Box 20, , 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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