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Hanzlova M, Slavikova B, Morozovova M, Musilek K, Rotterova A, Zemanová L, Kudova E. C-3 Steroidal Hemiesters as Inhibitors of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 10. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12116-12124. [PMID: 38496976 PMCID: PMC10938439 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
17β-HSD10 is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the steroidal oxidation of a hydroxy group to a keto group and, thus, is involved in maintaining steroid homeostasis. The druggability of 17β-HSD10 is related to potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Alzheimer's disease or cancer. Herein, steroidal derivatives with an acidic hemiester substituent at position C-3 on the skeleton were designed, synthesized, and evaluated by using pure recombinant 17β-HSD10 converting 17β-estradiol to estrone. Compounds 22 (IC50 = 6.95 ± 0.35 μM) and 23 (IC50 = 5.59 ± 0.25 μM) were identified as the most potent inhibitors from the series. Compound 23 inhibited 17β-HSD10 activity regardless of the substrate. It was found not cytotoxic toward the HEK-293 cell line and able to inhibit 17β-HSD10 activity also in the cellular environment. Together, these findings support steroidal compounds as promising candidates for further development as 17β-HSD10 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Hanzlova
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University
of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Slavikova
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech
Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Morozovova
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech
Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University
of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Rotterova
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University
of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Zemanová
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University
of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kudova
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech
Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
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Pearce WJ. Mitochondrial influences on smooth muscle phenotype. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C442-C448. [PMID: 38009196 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00354.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells transition reversibly between contractile and noncontractile phenotypes in response to diverse influences, including many from mitochondria. Numerous molecules including myocardin, procontractile miRNAs, and the mitochondrial protein prohibitin-2 promote contractile differentiation; this is opposed by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), high lactate concentrations, and metabolic reprogramming induced by mitophagy and/or mitochondrial fission. A major pathway through which vascular pathologies such as oncogenic transformation, pulmonary hypertension, and atherosclerosis cause loss of vascular contractility is by enhancing mitophagy and mitochondrial fission with secondary effects on smooth muscle phenotype. Proproliferative miRNAs and the mitochondrial translocase TOMM40 also attenuate contractile differentiation. Hypoxia can initiate loss of contractility by enhancing mtROS and lactate production while simultaneously depressing mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondria can reduce cytosolic calcium by moving it across the inner mitochondrial membrane via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, and then through mitochondria-associated membranes to and from calcium stores in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum. Through these effects on calcium, mitochondria can influence multiple calcium-sensitive nuclear transcription factors and genes, some of which govern smooth muscle phenotype, and possibly also the production of genomically encoded mitochondrial proteins and miRNAs (mitoMirs) that target the mitochondria. In turn, mitochondria also can influence nuclear transcription and mRNA processing through mitochondrial retrograde signaling, which is currently a topic of intensive investigation. Mitochondria also can signal to adjacent cells by contributing to the content of exosomes. Considering these and other mechanisms, it is becoming increasingly clear that mitochondria contribute significantly to the regulation of smooth muscle phenotype and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Pearce
- Department of Basic Sciences, Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
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Hanzlova M, Miskerikova MS, Rotterova A, Chalupova K, Jurkova K, Hamsikova M, Andrys R, Haleckova A, Svobodova J, Schmidt M, Benek O, Musilek K. Nanomolar Benzothiazole-Based Inhibitors of 17β-HSD10 with Cellular Bioactivity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1724-1732. [PMID: 38116418 PMCID: PMC10726454 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional mitochondrial enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is a potential drug target for the treatment of various pathologies. The most discussed is the pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), where 17β-HSD10 overexpression and its interaction with amyloid-β peptide contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal stress. In this work, a series of new benzothiazole-derived 17β-HSD10 inhibitors were designed based on the structure-activity relationship analysis of formerly published inhibitors. A set of enzyme-based and cell-based methods were used to evaluate the inhibitory potency of new compounds, their interaction with the enzyme, and their cytotoxicity. Most compounds exhibited significantly a higher inhibitory potential compared to published benzothiazolyl ureas and good target engagement in a cellular environment accompanied by low cytotoxicity. The best hits displayed mixed-type inhibition with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the nanomolar range for the purified enzyme (3-7, 15) and/or low micromolar IC50 values in the cell-based assay (6, 13-16).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katarina Chalupova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Jurkova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hamsikova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Annamaria Haleckova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodova
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Faculty of Science, Department
of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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