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Kawakami N, Kobayashi K, Nishimura A, Ohmori I. Poor mother-offspring relationships in rats with <i>Cacna1a</i> mutation. Exp Anim 2020; 69:153-160. [PMID: 31723085 PMCID: PMC7220709 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Homozygous Groggy dams, which carry a Cacna1a missense mutation, often
show no interest in their offspring, leading to frequent offspring deaths due to lack of
nurturing. The present study aimed to clarify whether the Cacna1a
mutation contributes to impaired attachment behaviors between dam and offspring. The open
field test showed that homozygous female rats exhibited markedly short travel distance,
whereas no difference was found between the motor activity of heterozygous females and
that of wild types (WT). A series of behavioral tests was performed to compare the
mother–offspring relationship between WT and heterozygous rats. Performance in the pup
retrieval test was significantly less successful in heterozygous than WT dams. During the
experiment, heterozygous dams spent significantly less time licking and crouching than WT
dams. The offspring dam-seeking behavior test revealed that heterozygous pups’
vocalizations were significantly less frequent and shorter than those of WT pups. Although
no significant difference was found between WT and heterozygous offspring in the olfactory
sense test, using a piece of chocolate, heterozygous pups took significantly longer to
reach a sample of the dam’s bedding. Taken together, these findings suggest that the
Cacna1a mutation impairs both the dam’s maternal behavior and the
offspring’s attachment behavior toward the dam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Kawakami
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikatacho 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kiyoka Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikatacho 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nishimura
- Okayama University, 5-1 Shikatacho 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Iori Ohmori
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikatacho 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Graduate School of Education, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikatacho 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Child Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1 Tsushimanaka 3-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Hu B, Guo Y, Shi F, Zou X, Dong J, Pan L, Yu M, Zhou C, Cheng Z, Tang W, Sun H, Chen L. The generation mechanism of spike-and-slow wave discharges appearing on thalamic relay nuclei. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4953. [PMID: 29563579 PMCID: PMC5862852 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we use a model modified from classic corticothalamic network(CT) to explore the mechanism of absence seizures appearing on specific relay nuclei (SRN) of the thalamus. It is found that typical seizure states appear on SRN through tuning several critical connection strengths in the model. In view of previous experimental and theoretical works which were mainly on epilepsy seizure phenomena appearing on excitatory pyramidal neurons (EPN) of the cortex, this is a novel model to consider the seizure observed on thalamus. In particular, the onset mechanism is different from previous theoretical studies. Inspired by some previous clinical and experimental studies, we employ the external stimuli voltage on EPN and SRN in the network, and observe that the seizure can be well inhibited by tuning the stimulus intensity appropriately. We further explore the effect of the signal transmission delays on seizures, and found that the polyspike phenomenon appears only when the delay is sufficiently large. The experimental data also confirmed our model. Since there is a complex network in the brain and all organizations are interacting closely with each other, the results obtained in this paper provide not only biological insights into the regulatory mechanisms but also a reference for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hu
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zou
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Long Pan
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Yu
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaowei Zhou
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wanyue Tang
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haochen Sun
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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