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Selestin Raja I, Kim C, Oh N, Park JH, Hong SW, Kang MS, Mao C, Han DW. Tailoring photobiomodulation to enhance tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122623. [PMID: 38797121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), the use of biocompatible tissue-penetrating light to interact with intracellular chromophores to modulate the fates of cells and tissues, has emerged as a promising non-invasive approach to enhancing tissue regeneration. Unlike photodynamic or photothermal therapies that require the use of photothermal agents or photosensitizers, PBM treatment does not need external agents. With its non-harmful nature, PBM has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing molecular secretions and cellular functions relevant to tissue regeneration. The utilization of low-level light from various sources in PBM targets cytochrome c oxidase, leading to increased synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, induction of growth factor secretion, activation of signaling pathways, and promotion of direct or indirect gene expression. When integrated with stem cell populations, bioactive molecules or nanoparticles, or biomaterial scaffolds, PBM proves effective in significantly improving tissue regeneration. This review consolidates findings from in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical outcomes of both PBM alone and PBM-combined therapies in tissue regeneration applications. It encompasses the background of PBM invention, optimization of PBM parameters (such as wavelength, irradiation, and exposure time), and understanding of the mechanisms for PBM to enhance tissue regeneration. The comprehensive exploration concludes with insights into future directions and perspectives for the tissue regeneration applications of PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuntae Kim
- Institute of Nano-Bio Convergence, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Korea Science Academy of KAIST, Busan, 47162, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering and KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Institute of Nano-Bio Convergence, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lau AA, Jin K, Beard H, Windram T, Xie K, O'Brien JA, Neumann D, King BM, Snel MF, Trim PJ, Mitrofanis J, Hemsley KM, Austin PJ. Photobiomodulation in the infrared spectrum reverses the expansion of circulating natural killer cells and brain microglial activation in Sanfilippo mice. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38849324 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Sanfilippo syndrome results from inherited mutations in genes encoding lysosomal enzymes that catabolise heparan sulfate (HS), leading to early childhood-onset neurodegeneration. This study explores the therapeutic potential of photobiomodulation (PBM), which is neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory in several neurodegenerative diseases; it is also safe and PBM devices are readily available. We investigated the effects of 10-14 days transcranial PBM at 670 nm (2 or 4 J/cm2/day) or 904 nm (4 J/cm2/day) in young (3 weeks) and older (15 weeks) Sanfilippo or mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) mice. Although we found no PBM-induced changes in HS accumulation, astrocyte activation, CD206 (an anti-inflammatory marker) and BDNF expression in the brains of Sanfilippo mice, there was a near-normalisation of microglial activation in older MPS IIIA mice by 904 nm PBM, with decreased IBA1 expression and a return of their morphology towards a resting state. Immune cell immunophenotyping of peripheral blood with mass cytometry revealed increased pro-inflammatory signalling through pSTAT1 and p-p38 in NK and T cells in young but not older MPS IIIA mice (5 weeks of age), and expansion of NK, B and CD8+ T cells in older affected mice (17 weeks of age), highlighting the importance of innate and adaptive lymphocytes in Sanfilippo syndrome. Notably, 670 and 904 nm PBM both reversed the Sanfilippo-induced increase in pSTAT1 and p-p38 expression in multiple leukocyte populations in young mice, while 904 nm reversed the increase in NK cells in older mice. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate the beneficial effects of PBM in Sanfilippo mice. The distinct reduction in microglial activation and NK cell pro-inflammatory signalling and number suggests PBM may alleviate neuroinflammation and lymphocyte activation, encouraging further investigation of PBM as a standalone, or complementary therapy in Sanfilippo syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lau
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - K Jin
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - H Beard
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - T Windram
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - K Xie
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J A O'Brien
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Neumann
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - B M King
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - M F Snel
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and MS-Imaging Core Facility, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - P J Trim
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and MS-Imaging Core Facility, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J Mitrofanis
- Fonds Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K M Hemsley
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - P J Austin
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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3
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Nairuz T, Sangwoo-Cho, Lee JH. Photobiomodulation Therapy on Brain: Pioneering an Innovative Approach to Revolutionize Cognitive Dynamics. Cells 2024; 13:966. [PMID: 38891098 PMCID: PMC11171912 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on the brain employs red to near-infrared (NIR) light to treat various neurological and psychological disorders. The mechanism involves the activation of cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby enhancing ATP synthesis. Additionally, light absorption by ion channels triggers the release of calcium ions, instigating the activation of transcription factors and subsequent gene expression. This cascade of events not only augments neuronal metabolic capacity but also orchestrates anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic responses, fostering neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. It shows promise for treating conditions like dementia, stroke, brain trauma, Parkinson's disease, and depression, even enhancing cognitive functions in healthy individuals and eliciting growing interest within the medical community. However, delivering sufficient light to the brain through transcranial approaches poses a significant challenge due to its limited penetration into tissue, prompting an exploration of alternative delivery methods such as intracranial and intranasal approaches. This comprehensive review aims to explore the mechanisms through which PBM exerts its effects on the brain and provide a summary of notable preclinical investigations and clinical trials conducted on various brain disorders, highlighting PBM's potential as a therapeutic modality capable of effectively impeding disease progression within the organism-a task often elusive with conventional pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jong-Ha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; (T.N.); (S.-C.)
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Li Y, Chen Y, Liao Y, Huang T, Tang Q, He C, Xu L, Chang H, Li H, Liu Q, Lai D, Xia Q, Zou Z. Photobiomodulation therapy moderates cancer cachexia-associated muscle wasting through activating PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a pathway. Apoptosis 2024; 29:663-680. [PMID: 38598070 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia-associated muscle wasting as a multifactorial wasting syndrome, is an important factor affecting the long-term survival rate of tumor patients. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a promising tool to cure and prevent many diseases. However, the effect of PBMT on skeletal muscle atrophy during cancer progression has not been fully demonstrated yet. Here, we found PBMT alleviated the atrophy of myotube diameter induced by cancer cells in vitro, and prevented cancer-associated muscle atrophy in mice bearing tumor. Mechanistically, the alleviation of muscle wasting by PBMT was found to be involved in inhibiting E3 ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and MuRF-1. In addition, transcriptomic analysis using RNA-seq and GSEA revealed that PI3K/AKT pathway might be involved in PBMT-prevented muscle cachexia. Next, we showed the protective effect of PBMT against muscle cachexia was totally blocked by AKT inhibitor in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, PBMT-activated AKT promoted FoxO3a phosphorylation and thus inhibiting the nucleus entry of FoxO3a. Lastly, in cisplatin-treated muscle cachexia model, PBMT had also been shown to ameliorate muscle atrophy through enhancing PI3K/AKT pathway to suppress MAFbx and MuRF-1 expression. These novel findings revealed that PBMT could be a promising therapeutic approach in treating muscle cachexia induced by cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yibing Chen
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ting Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qing Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Chengsi He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Liu Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Haocai Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongming Lai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510235, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Zhengzhi Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Huang Z, Hamblin MR, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease: state-of-the-art and translational perspectives. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:114. [PMID: 38773642 PMCID: PMC11106984 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant public health problem, affecting millions of people across the world. Despite decades of research into therapeutic strategies for AD, effective prevention or treatment for this devastating disorder remains elusive. In this review, we discuss the potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) for preventing and alleviating AD-associated pathologies, with a focus on the biological mechanisms underlying this therapy. Future research directions and guidance for clinical practice for this non-invasive and non-pharmacological therapy are also highlighted. The available evidence indicates that different treatment paradigms, including transcranial and systemic PBM, along with the recently proposed remote PBM, all could be promising for AD. PBM exerts diverse biological effects, such as enhancing mitochondrial function, mitigating the neuroinflammation caused by activated glial cells, increasing cerebral perfusion, improving glymphatic drainage, regulating the gut microbiome, boosting myokine production, and modulating the immune system. We suggest that PBM may serve as a powerful therapeutic intervention for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Huang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
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Jiménez-García AM, Bonnel G, Álvarez-Mota A, Arias N. Current perspectives on neuromodulation in ALS patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300671. [PMID: 38551974 PMCID: PMC10980254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, resulting in muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventually patient mortality. In recent years, neuromodulation techniques have emerged as promising potential therapeutic approaches to slow disease progression and improve the quality of life of ALS patients. A systematic review was conducted until August 8, 2023, to evaluate the neuromodulation methods used and their potential in the treatment of ALS. The search strategy was applied in the Cochrane Central database, incorporating results from other databases such as PubMed, Embase, CTgov, CINAHL, and ICTRP. Following the exclusion of papers that did not fulfil the inclusion criteria, a total of 2090 records were found, leaving a total of 10 studies. R software was used to conduct meta-analyses based on the effect sizes between the experimental and control groups. This revealed differences in muscle stretch measures with manual muscle testing (p = 0.012) and resting motor threshold (p = 0.0457), but not with voluntary isometric contraction (p = 0.1883). The functionality of ALS was also different (p = 0.007), but not the quality of life. Although intracortical facilitation was not seen in motor cortex 1 (M1) (p = 0.1338), short-interval intracortical inhibition of M1 was significant (p = 0.0001). BDNF showed no differences that were statistically significant (p = 0.2297). Neuromodulation-based treatments are proposed as a promising therapeutic approach for ALS that can produce effects on muscle function, spasticity, and intracortical connections through electrical, magnetic, and photonic stimulation. Photobiomodulation stands out as an innovative approach that uses specific wavelengths to influence mitochondria, with the aim of improving mitochondrial function and reducing excitotoxicity. The lack of reliable placebo controls and the variation in stimulation frequency are some of the drawbacks of neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Jiménez-García
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaspard Bonnel
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Álvarez-Mota
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Arias
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (Instituto de Investigación Universitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Plaza Feijoo, Oviedo, Spain
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Farazi N, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Farajdokht F, Mahmoudi J, Sadigh-Eteghad S. Photobiomodulation combination therapy as a new insight in neurological disorders: a comprehensive systematic review. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:101. [PMID: 38504162 PMCID: PMC10949673 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that combining photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy with other therapeutic approaches may influence the treatment process in a variety of disorders. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether PBM-combined therapy provides additional benefits over monotherapies in neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, the review describes the most commonly used methods and PBM parameters in these conjunctional approaches.To accomplish this, a systematic search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases through January 2024. 95 potentially eligible articles on PBM-combined treatment strategies for neurological and neuropsychological disorders were identified, including 29 preclinical studies and 66 clinical trials.According to the findings, seven major categories of studies were identified based on disease type: neuropsychiatric diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia, nerve injury, pain, paresis, and neuropathy. These studies looked at the effects of laser therapy in combination with other therapies like pharmacotherapies, physical therapies, exercises, stem cells, and experimental materials on neurological disorders in both animal models and humans. The findings suggested that most combination therapies could produce synergistic effects, leading to better outcomes for treating neurologic and psychiatric disorders and relieving symptoms.These findings indicate that the combination of PBM may be a useful adjunct to conventional and experimental treatments for a variety of neurological and psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin Farazi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran.
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Li Y, Wu H, Liu M, Zhang Z, Ji Y, Xu L, Liu Y. Polysaccharide from Polygala tenuifolia alleviates cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease mice by alleviating Aβ damage and targeting the ERK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117564. [PMID: 38081400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygala tenuifolia is used in a variety of Chinese medicine prescriptions for the classic dementia treatment, and polysaccharide is an important active component in the herb. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the in vivo anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity of the polysaccharide PTPS from Polygala tenuifolia using the senescence-accelerated mouse/prone8 (SAMP8) model and explored its molecular mechanism to lay the foundation for the development of polysaccharide-based anti-AD drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Morris water maze test (MWM)was used to detect changes in the spatial cognitive ability of mice, and Nissl staining was applied to observe the state of neurons in the classic hippocampus. The levels of acetylcholine (ACh) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured by ELISA. Immunofluorescence was used to reflect β-amyloid (Aβ) levels in brain tissue. Apoptosis was evaluated by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) method. The status of dendritic branches and spines was observed by Golgi staining. Meanwhile, the expression levels of recombinant human insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) proteins were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS PTPS improves spatial cognitive deficits in AD mice, reduces cellular damage in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, maintains the balance of the cholinergic system, and exerts an anti-AD effect in vivo. The molecular mechanism of its action may be related to the reduction of Aβ deposition as well as the activation of ERK pathway-related proteins with enhanced synaptic plasticity. CONCLUSIONS PTPS is able to exert anti-AD activity in vivo by mitigating Aβ damage and targeting the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungi and Resource Development in Shandong Province, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Maoxuan Liu
- Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungi and Resource Development in Shandong Province, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yuning Ji
- School of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jina, China
| | - Lingchuan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungi and Resource Development in Shandong Province, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungi and Resource Development in Shandong Province, Jinan 250355, China.
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Sun Y, Islam S, Michikawa M, Zou K. Presenilin: A Multi-Functional Molecule in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1757. [PMID: 38339035 PMCID: PMC10855926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Presenilin, a transmembrane protein primarily known for its role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as part of the γ-secretase complex, has garnered increased attention due to its multifaceted functions in various cellular processes. Recent investigations have unveiled a plethora of functions beyond its amyloidogenic role. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of presenilin's diverse roles in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. It includes a summary of well-known substrates of presenilin, such as its involvement in amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and Notch signaling, along with other functions. Additionally, it highlights newly discovered functions, such as trafficking function, regulation of ferritin expression, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) secretion, the interaction of ApoE and presenilin, and the Aβ42-to-Aβ40-converting activity of ACE. This updated perspective underscores the evolving landscape of presenilin research, emphasizing its broader impact beyond established pathways. The incorporation of these novel findings accentuates the dynamic nature of presenilin's involvement in cellular processes, further advancing our comprehension of its multifaceted roles in neurodegenerative disorders. By synthesizing evidence from a range of studies, this review sheds light on the intricate web of presenilin functions and their implications in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Sadequl Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Makoto Michikawa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (Y.S.); (S.I.)
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10
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Shen Q, Guo H, Yan Y. Photobiomodulation for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1625. [PMID: 38338901 PMCID: PMC10855709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases involve the progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons in the central nervous system and thus present a significant challenge due to the absence of effective therapies for halting or reversing their progression. Based on the characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), which have prolonged incubation periods and protracted courses, exploring non-invasive physical therapy methods is essential for alleviating such diseases and ensuring that patients have an improved quality of life. Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses red and infrared light for therapeutic benefits and functions by stimulating, healing, regenerating, and protecting organizations at risk of injury, degradation, or death. Over the last two decades, PBM has gained widespread recognition as a non-invasive physical therapy method, showing efficacy in pain relief, anti-inflammatory responses, and tissue regeneration. Its application has expanded into the fields of neurology and psychiatry, where extensive research has been conducted. This paper presents a review and evaluation of studies investigating PBM in neurodegenerative diseases, with a specific emphasis on recent applications in AD and PD treatment for both animal and human subjects. Molecular mechanisms related to neuron damage and cognitive impairment are scrutinized, offering valuable insights into PBM's potential as a non-invasive therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (H.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Haoyun Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (H.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yihua Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (H.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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11
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Asadi MR, Gharesouran J, Sabaie H, Zaboli Mahdiabadi M, Mazhari SA, Sharifi-Bonab M, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Taheri M, Sayad A, Rezazadeh M. Neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors as promising blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: a gene expression analysis study. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:49. [PMID: 38165481 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurological ailment affecting more than 50 million individuals globally, distinguished by a deterioration in memory and cognitive abilities. Investigating neurotrophin growth factors could offer significant contributions to understanding AD progression and prospective therapeutic interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS The present investigation collected blood samples from 50 patients diagnosed with AD and 50 healthy individuals serving as controls. The mRNA expression levels of neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors were measured using quantitative PCR. A Bayesian regression model was used in the research to assess the relationship between gene expression levels and demographic characteristics such as age and gender. The correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficients, and the diagnostic potential was assessed using a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. NTRK2, TrkA, TrkC, and BDNF expression levels were found to be considerably lower (p-value < 0.05) in the blood samples of AD patients compared to the control group. The expression of BDNF exhibited the most substantial decrease in comparison to other neurotrophin growth factors. Correlation analysis indicates a statistically significant positive association between the genes. The ROC analysis showed that BDNF exhibited the greatest Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.76, accompanied by a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 66%. TrkC, TrkA, and NTRK2 demonstrated considerable diagnostic potential in distinguishing between cases and controls. CONCLUSION The observed decrease in the expression levels of NTRK2, TrkA, TrkC, and BDNF in AD patients, along with the identified associations between specific genes and their diagnostic capacity, indicate that these expressions have the potential to function as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hani Sabaie
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mirmohsen Sharifi-Bonab
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Ramakrishnan P, Joshi A, Fazil M, Yadav P. A comprehensive review on therapeutic potentials of photobiomodulation for neurodegenerative disorders. Life Sci 2024; 336:122334. [PMID: 38061535 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of experimental trials over the past two centuries has put forth Photobiomodulation (PBM) as a treatment modality that utilizes colored lights for various conditions. While in its cradle, PBM was used for treating simple conditions such as burns and wounds, advancements in recent years have extended the use of PBM for treating complex neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). PBM has exhibited the potential to curb several symptoms and signs associated with NDDs. While several of the currently used therapeutics cause adverse side effects alongside being highly invasive, PBM on the contrary, seems to be broad-acting, less toxic, and non-invasive. Despite being projected as an ideal therapeutic for NDDs, PBM still isn't considered a mainstream treatment modality due to some of the challenges and knowledge gaps associated with it. Here, we review the advantages of PBM summarized above with an emphasis on the common mechanisms that underlie major NDDs and how PBM helps tackle them. We also discuss important questions such as whether PBM should be considered a mainstay treatment modality for these conditions and if PBM's properties can be harnessed to develop prophylactic therapies for high-risk individuals and also highlight important animal studies that underscore the importance of PBM and the challenges associated with it. Overall, this review is intended to bring the major advances made in the field to the spotlight alongside addressing the practicalities and caveats to develop PBM as a major therapeutic for NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ramakrishnan
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Aradhana Joshi
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohamed Fazil
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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13
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Adams JA, Uryash A, Lopez JR. Harnessing Passive Pulsatile Shear Stress for Alzheimer's Disease Prevention and Intervention. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:387-401. [PMID: 38393906 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects more than 40 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of dementia. This disease is a challenge for both patients and caregivers and puts a significant strain on the global healthcare system. To address this issue, the Lancet Commission recommends focusing on reducing modifiable lifestyle risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and physical inactivity. Passive pulsatile shear stress (PPSS) interventions, which use devices like whole-body periodic acceleration, periodic acceleration along the Z-axis (pGz), and the Jogging Device, have shown significant systemic and cellular effects in preclinical and clinical models which address these modifiable risks factors. Based on this, we propose that PPSS could be a potential non-pharmacological and non-invasive preventive or therapeutic strategy for AD. We perform a comprehensive review of the biological basis based on all publications of PPSS using these devices and demonstrate their effects on the various aspects of AD. We draw from this comprehensive analysis to support our hypothesis. We then delve into the possible application of PPSS as an innovative intervention. We discuss how PPSS holds promise in ameliorating hypertension and diabetes while mitigating physical inactivity, potentially offering a holistic approach to AD prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Adams
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Arkady Uryash
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Jose R Lopez
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
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14
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Ma H, Du Y, Xie D, Wei ZZ, Pan Y, Zhang Y. Recent advances in light energy biotherapeutic strategies with photobiomodulation on central nervous system disorders. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148615. [PMID: 37783261 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial photobiomodulation refers to irradiation of the brain through the skull using low-intensity red or near-infrared light, which is the most commonly studied method of light energy biotherapy for central nervous system disorders. The absorption of photons by specific chromophores within the cell elevates ATP synthesis, reduces oxidative stress damage, alleviates inflammation or mediates the activation of transcription factors and signaling mediators through secondary mediators, which in turn trigger downstream signaling pathways to cause a series of photobiological effects including upregulation of neurotrophic factors. Multiple mechanisms are simultaneously involved in the pathological process of central nervous system disorders. The pleiotropic treatment of transcranial photobiomodulation towards multiple targets plays a beneficial role in improving hemodynamics, neural repair and improving behaviors in central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and depression. This review mainly introduces the mechanism and recent preclinical and clinical advances of transcranial photobiomodulation for central nervous system disorders, which will provide a reference for clinicians to understand and engage in related studies, and calls for more and larger studies to validate and develop a wider application of transcranial photobiomodulation in central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixuan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Du
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The People's Hospital of Wu Hai Inner Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zheng Z Wei
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhualei Pan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Lin H, Li D, Zhu J, Liu S, Li J, Yu T, Tuchin VV, Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O, Zhu D. Transcranial photobiomodulation for brain diseases: review of animal and human studies including mechanisms and emerging trends. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:010601. [PMID: 38317779 PMCID: PMC10840571 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.1.010601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The brain diseases account for 30% of all known diseases. Pharmacological treatment is hampered by the blood-brain barrier, limiting drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a promising technology for treating brain diseases, due to its effectiveness, non-invasiveness, and affordability. tPBM has been widely used in pre-clinical experiments and clinical trials for treating brain diseases, such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease. This review provides a comprehensive overview of tPBM. We summarize emerging trends and new discoveries in tPBM based on over one hundred references published in the past 20 years. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of tPBM and highlight successful experimental and clinical protocols for treating various brain diseases. A better understanding of tPBM mechanisms, the development of guidelines for clinical practice, and the study of dose-dependent and personal effects hold great promise for progress in treating brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan, China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Optical Electronic Information, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingtan Zhu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingting Li
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Engineering Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan, China
| | - Valery V. Tuchin
- Saratov State University, Science Medical Center, Saratov, Russia
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Tomsk State University, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya
- Saratov State University, Science Medical Center, Saratov, Russia
- Humboldt University, Department of Physics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Zhu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan, China
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16
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Kazmi S, Farajdokht F, Meynaghizadeh-Zargar R, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Pasokh A, Farzipour M, Farazi N, Hamblin MR, Mahmoudi J. Transcranial photobiomodulation mitigates learning and memory impairments induced by hindlimb unloading in a mouse model of microgravity exposure by suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation signaling pathways. Brain Res 2023; 1821:148583. [PMID: 37717889 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged microgravity exposure causes cognitive impairment. Evidence shows that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the causation. Here, we explore the effectiveness of transcranial near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) on cognitive deficits in a mouse model of simulated microgravity. 24 adult male C57BL/6 mice were assigned into three groups (8 in each); control, hindlimb unloading (HU), and HU + PBM groups. After surgery to fit the suspension fixing, the animals were housed either in HU cages or in their normal cage for 14 days. The mice in the HU + PBM group received PBM (810 nm laser, 10 Hz, 8 J/cm2) once per day for 14 days. Spatial learning and memory were assessed in the Lashley III maze and hippocampus tissue samples were collected to assess oxidative stress markers and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Behavioral testing showed that the PBM-treated animals had a shorter latency time to find the target and fewer errors than the HU group. PBM decreased hippocampal lipid peroxidation while increasing antioxidant defense systems (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity) compared to HU mice. PBM increased protein expression of Sirt1, Nrf2, and BDNF while decreasing NF-κB compared to HU mice. Our findings suggested that the protective effect of PBM against HU-induced cognitive impairment involved the activation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, up-regulation of BDNF, and reduction of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Kazmi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pasokh
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Farzipour
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narmin Farazi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Wider JM, Gruley E, Morse PT, Wan J, Lee I, Anzell AR, Fogo GM, Mathieu J, Hish G, O'Neil B, Neumar RW, Przyklenk K, Hüttemann M, Sanderson TH. Modulation of mitochondrial function with near-infrared light reduces brain injury in a translational model of cardiac arrest. Crit Care 2023; 27:491. [PMID: 38098060 PMCID: PMC10720207 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to brain injury following cardiac arrest; therefore, therapies that limit mitochondrial dysfunction have the potential to improve neurological outcomes. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain is a critical component of mitochondrial injury and is dependent on hyperactivation of mitochondria following resuscitation. Our previous studies have provided evidence that modulating mitochondrial function with specific near-infrared light (NIR) wavelengths can reduce post-ischemic mitochondrial hyperactivity, thereby reducing brain injury during reperfusion in multiple small animal models. METHODS Isolated porcine brain cytochrome c oxidase (COX) was used to investigate the mechanism of NIR-induced mitochondrial modulation. Cultured primary neurons from mice expressing mitoQC were utilized to explore the mitochondrial mechanisms related to protection with NIR following ischemia-reperfusion. Anesthetized pigs were used to optimize the delivery of NIR to the brain by measuring the penetration depth of NIR to deep brain structures and tissue heating. Finally, a model of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with CPR in adult pigs was used to evaluate the translational potential of NIR as a noninvasive therapeutic approach to protect the brain after resuscitation. RESULTS Molecular evaluation of enzyme activity during NIR irradiation demonstrated COX function was reduced in an intensity-dependent manner with a threshold of enzyme inhibition leading to a moderate reduction in activity without complete inhibition. Mechanistic interrogation in neurons demonstrated that mitochondrial swelling and upregulation of mitophagy were reduced with NIR treatment. NIR therapy in large animals is feasible, as NIR penetrates deep into the brain without substantial tissue heating. In a translational porcine model of CA/CPR, transcranial NIR treatment for two hours at the onset of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) demonstrated significantly improved neurological deficit scores and reduced histologic evidence of brain injury after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. CONCLUSIONS NIR modulates mitochondrial function which improves mitochondrial dynamics and quality control following ischemia/reperfusion. Noninvasive modulation of mitochondria, achieved by transcranial treatment of the brain with NIR, mitigates post-cardiac arrest brain injury and improves neurologic functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Wider
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5014, USA
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, B10-103A, NCRC 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 7744 MS II, 1137 E. Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Erin Gruley
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5014, USA
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, B10-103A, NCRC 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paul T Morse
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 3214 Scott Hall, 540 E. Canfield Ave., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Junmei Wan
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 3214 Scott Hall, 540 E. Canfield Ave., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Icksoo Lee
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-Si, Chungcheongnam-Do, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Anthony R Anzell
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Garrett M Fogo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5014, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, 204 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer Mathieu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5014, USA
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, B10-103A, NCRC 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 7744 MS II, 1137 E. Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Gerald Hish
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brian O'Neil
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine St., University Health Center - 6G, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Robert W Neumar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5014, USA
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, B10-103A, NCRC 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Clinical Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University, 1280 S. East Campus Drive, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, 3214 Scott Hall, 540 E. Canfield Ave., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Thomas H Sanderson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5014, USA.
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, B10-103A, NCRC 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 7744 MS II, 1137 E. Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, 204 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine St., University Health Center - 6G, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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Ramezani M, Fernando M, Eslick S, Asih PR, Shadfar S, Bandara EMS, Hillebrandt H, Meghwar S, Shahriari M, Chatterjee P, Thota R, Dias CB, Garg ML, Martins RN. Ketone bodies mediate alterations in brain energy metabolism and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1297984. [PMID: 38033541 PMCID: PMC10687427 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1297984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunction, including learning and memory deficits, and behavioral changes. Neuropathology hallmarks of AD such as amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles containing the neuron-specific protein tau is associated with changes in fluid biomarkers including Aβ, phosphorylated tau (p-tau)-181, p-tau 231, p-tau 217, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NFL). Another pathological feature of AD is neural damage and hyperactivation of astrocytes, that can cause increased pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. In addition, reduced brain glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction appears up to 15 years before the onset of clinical AD symptoms. As glucose utilization is compromised in the brain of patients with AD, ketone bodies (KBs) may serve as an alternative source of energy. KBs are generated from the β-oxidation of fatty acids, which are enhanced following consumption of ketogenic diets with high fat, moderate protein, and low carbohydrate. KBs have been shown to cross the blood brain barrier to improve brain energy metabolism. This review comprehensively summarizes the current literature on how increasing KBs support brain energy metabolism. In addition, for the first time, this review discusses the effects of ketogenic diet on the putative AD biomarkers such as Aβ, tau (mainly p-tau 181), GFAP, and NFL, and discusses the role of KBs on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Ramezani
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Malika Fernando
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaun Eslick
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Prita R. Asih
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sina Shadfar
- Motor Neuron Disease Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Heidi Hillebrandt
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Silochna Meghwar
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Maryam Shahriari
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Pratishtha Chatterjee
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Rohith Thota
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Cintia B. Dias
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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19
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郑 轶, 侯 宇, 李 帆, 史 欣, 陶 雅, 赵 欣, 胡 浩, 杨 林. [Near-infrared light therapy ameliorates depression-induced intestinal dysfunction in rats possibly by activating PGC-1 α/Nrf2 signaling and increasing hippocampal BDNF expression]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1591-1598. [PMID: 37814874 PMCID: PMC10563092 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.09.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of near-infrared (NIR) light therapy on depression-induced intestinal dysfunction in rats and explore the possible mechanism. METHODS Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-dose NIR light group and high-dose NIR light group. All the rats except for those in the control group were subjected to chronic restrained stress (CRS) for 4 weeks, and NIR light therapy of the head was administered in the two NIR light groups. The depression- like behaviors, intestinal functions, fecal water content and number of fecal pellets of the rats were evaluated. HE staining was used for detecting histopathological changes in the hippocampus and colon, and hippocampal expressions of BDNF, Nrf2 and PGC-1α were detected with Western blotting. RESULTS The rats in the CRS model group showed significantly increased immobility time and visceral sensitivity in the behavioral tests, decreased fecal pellets and fecal water content, and lowered expressions of BDNF, Nrf2, and PGC-1α in the hippocampus (P<0.05). Histopathological examination of the CRS rats revealed loosely arranged hippocampal pyramidal cells, obvious neuronal damages, and obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the colon with irregularly arranged mucosal glands and a high pathological score. High-dose NIR light therapy significantly lowered the immobility time and visceral sensitivity, increased the number of fecal pellets and fecal water content (P<0.05), and enhanced hippocampal expressions of BDNF, Nrf2, and PGC-1α (P<0.05) of the depressive rats. The rats receiving high-dose NIR light therapy also exhibited close arrangement of the hippocampal pyramidal cells with significantly reduced neuronal damage and colonic inflammatory cell infiltration, neatly arranged mucosal glands, and lowered pathological score. CONCLUSION NIR light therapy can significantly improve depression-like behavior and intestinal function in rats possibly by ameliorating oxidative stress via the PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling pathway and increasing BDNF level in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- 轶珺 郑
- 西安交通大学医学部,陕西 西安 710061Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 宇月 侯
- 西安交通大学医学部,陕西 西安 710061Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 帆 李
- 西安交通大学基础医学实验教学中心,,陕西 西安 710061Basic Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 欣可 史
- 西安交通大学医学部,陕西 西安 710061Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 雅雯 陶
- 西安交通大学医学部,陕西 西安 710061Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 欣宇 赵
- 西安交通大学医学部,陕西 西安 710061Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 浩 胡
- 西安交通大学基础医学实验教学中心,,陕西 西安 710061Basic Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - 林 杨
- 西安交通大学第一附属医院泌尿外科,陕西 西安 710061Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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20
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Wang G, Han J, Meng X, Kang SS, Liu X, Sun YE, Luo Q, Ye K. Zein-Based Nanoparticles Improve the Therapeutic Efficacy of a TrkB Agonist toward Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3249-3264. [PMID: 37583253 PMCID: PMC10734774 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TrkB pathway plays a crucial role in neural plasticity and neuronal survival but is often deficient in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). CF3CN acts as a specific TrkB agonist that displays therapeutic effects in the AD mouse model, but its brain/plasma ratio (B/P ratio) distribution is not satisfactory. To increase its brain exposure, we synthesized several derivatives and employed nanoparticle (NP) formulation to optimize the most potent #2 derivative's in vivo PK profiles. We generated stable #2-loaded zein/lactoferrin composite NPs (#2/zein/LF) using the antisolvent co-precipitation method. In vivo PK studies revealed that nanoencapsulation improved #2's oral bioavailability by approximately 2-fold and significantly enhanced its plasma Cmax and t1/2, but the brain profiles were comparable. Pharmacodynamics showed that #2/zein/LF activates TrkB signaling that phosphorylates asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) T322 and decreases its enzymatic activity, resulting in reduced AEP-cleaved amyloid precursor protein and Tau fragments in the brains of AD mice, correlating with its PK profiles. After 3 months of treatment in 3xTg mice, #2/zein/LF decreased AD pathologies and alleviated cognitive dysfunction. Hence, zein/LF composite nanoencapsulation is a promising drug delivery method for improving the PK profiles of a potential preclinical candidate for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxing Wang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianxin Han
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Seong Su Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
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21
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Tang L, Jiang H, Sun M, Liu M. Pulsed transcranial photobiomodulation generates distinct beneficial neurocognitive effects compared with continuous wave transcranial light. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:203. [PMID: 37668791 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated the beneficial effect brought by transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM). The present study is a further investigation of pulsed transcranial light delivery, from the perspective of wavelength, operation mode, and pulse frequency. A total of 56 healthy young adults (28 males and 28 females) were included in this randomized, sham-controlled experimental study. The wavelength of tPBM was 660 nm and 850 nm, and under each wavelength, subjects were randomly assigned to one of the following four treatments: (1) sham control; (2) continuous-wave (CW) tPBM; (3) pulsed-wave (PW) tPBM (40 Hz); and (4) PW tPBM (100 Hz). The tPBM duration was 8 min and the mean power density was fixed at 250 mW/cm2. Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) questionnaire, psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), and delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task were completed by subjects before and after the intervention to test whether PW tPBM produced distinct beneficial effects with measures of sleepiness, attention, and memory. 32-channel electroencephalography (EEG) signals were obtained from subjects before, during and after receiving tPBM or sham intervention. Paired sample T test showed that the KSS score, the number of correct responses of PVT, and DMS rate correct score (RCS) of PW tPBM groups improved significantly after intervention (p < 0.05). With regard to EEG analysis, paired one-way repeated ANOVA test showed that during the intervention of PW tPBM, the average power within the Gamma band was higher than the baseline (p < 0.05). Our study presented that PW tPBM could generate better beneficial cognitive effects and change brain electrical activity under certain circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Tang
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muqing Liu
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Zhongshan Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan, China.
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22
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Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O, Penzel T, Poluektov M, Fedosov I, Tzoy M, Terskov A, Blokhina I, Sidorov V, Kurths J. Phototherapy of Alzheimer's Disease: Photostimulation of Brain Lymphatics during Sleep: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10946. [PMID: 37446135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The global number of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) doubles every 5 years. It has been established that unless an effective treatment for AD is found, the incidence of AD will triple by 2060. However, pharmacological therapies for AD have failed to show effectiveness and safety. Therefore, the search for alternative methods for treating AD is an urgent problem in medicine. The lymphatic drainage and removal system of the brain (LDRSB) plays an important role in resistance to the progression of AD. The development of methods for augmentation of the LDRSB functions may contribute to progress in AD therapy. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is considered to be a non-pharmacological and safe approach for AD therapy. Here, we highlight the most recent and relevant studies of PBM for AD. We focus on emerging evidence that indicates the potential benefits of PBM during sleep for modulation of natural activation of the LDRSB at nighttime, providing effective removal of metabolites, including amyloid-β, from the brain, leading to reduced progression of AD. Our review creates a new niche in the therapy of brain diseases during sleep and sheds light on the development of smart sleep technologies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Thomas Penzel
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Interdisziplinäres Schlafmedizinisches Zentrum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mikhail Poluektov
- Department of Nervous Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 2, Building 4, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Fedosov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Maria Tzoy
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Andrey Terskov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Inna Blokhina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Viktor Sidorov
- Company "Lazma" for Research and Production Enterprise of Laser Medical Equipment, Kuusinena Str. 11, 123308 Moscow, Russia
| | - Jürgen Kurths
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Complexity Science, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg A31, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
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23
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Doroszkiewicz J, Mroczko J, Rutkowski P, Mroczko B. Molecular Aspects of a Diet as a New Pathway in the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10751. [PMID: 37445928 PMCID: PMC10341644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the world. Lack of an established pathology makes it difficult to develop suitable approaches and treatment for the disease. Besides known hallmarks, including amyloid β peptides cumulating in plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau forming NFTs, inflammation also plays an important role, with known connections to the diet. In AD, adhering to reasonable nutrition according to age-related principles is recommended. The diet should be high in neuroprotective foods, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and B vitamins. In addition, foods capable of rising BDNF should be considered because of the known profitable results of this molecule in AD. Adhering to beneficial diets might result in improvements in memory, cognition, and biomarkers and might even reduce the risk of developing AD. In this review, we discuss the effects of various diets, foods, and nutrients on brain health and possible connections to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Jan Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.); (B.M.)
| | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.); (B.M.)
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
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24
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Abijo A, Lee CY, Huang CY, Ho PC, Tsai KJ. The Beneficial Role of Photobiomodulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1828. [PMID: 37509468 PMCID: PMC10377111 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as Low-level Laser Therapy (LLLT), involves the use of light from a laser or light-emitting diode (LED) in the treatment of various disorders and it has recently gained increasing interest. Progressive neuronal loss with attendant consequences such as cognitive and/or motor decline characterize neurodegenerative diseases. The available therapeutic drugs have only been able to provide symptomatic relief and may also present with some side effects, thus precluding their use in treatment. Recently, there has been an exponential increase in interest and attention in the use of PBM as a therapy in various neurodegenerative diseases in animal studies. Because of the financial and social burden of neurodegenerative diseases on the sufferers and the need for the discovery of potential therapeutic inventions in their management, it is pertinent to examine the beneficial effects of PBM and the various cellular mechanisms by which it modulates neural activity. Here, we highlight the various ways by which PBM may possess beneficial effects on neural activity and has been reported in various neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, TBI, stroke) with the hope that it may serve as an alternative therapy in the management of neurodegenerative diseases because of the biological side effects associated with drugs currently used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Abijo
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Neurobiology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Ben S. Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo 121003, Nigeria
| | - Chun-Yuan Lee
- Aether Services, Taiwan, Ltd., Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Chuan Ho
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Jer Tsai
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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25
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Stevens AR, Hadis M, Milward M, Ahmed Z, Belli A, Palin W, Davies DJ. Photobiomodulation in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:210-227. [PMID: 35698294 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a therapeutic modality that has gained increasing interest in neuroscience applications, including acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Its proposed mechanisms for therapeutic effect when delivered to the injured brain include antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. This systematic review summarizes the available evidence for the value of PBM in improving outcomes in acute TBI and presents a meta-analysis of the pre-clinical evidence for neurological severity score (NSS) and lesion size in animal models of TBI. A systematic review of the literature was performed, with searches and data extraction performed independently in duplicate by two authors. Eighteen published articles were identified for inclusion: seventeen pre-clinical studies of in vivo animal models and one clinical study in human patients. The available human study supports safety and feasibility of PBM in acute moderate TBI. For pre-clinical studies, meta-analysis for NSS and lesion size were found to favor intervention versus control. Subgroup analysis based on PBM parameter variables for these outcomes was performed. Favorable parameters were identified as: wavelengths in the region of 665 nm and 810 nm; time to first administration of PBM ≤4 h; total number of daily treatments ≤3. No differences were identified between pulsed and continuous wave modes or energy delivery. Mechanistic substudies within included in vivo studies are presented and were found to support hypotheses of antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and pro-proliferative effects, and a modulation of cellular metabolism. This systematic review provides substantial meta-analysis evidence of the benefits of PBM on functional and histological outcomes of TBI in in vivo mammalian models. Study design and PBM parameters should be closely considered for future human clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Robert Stevens
- Department of Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, and University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Phototherapy Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Hadis
- Phototherapy Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Milward
- Phototherapy Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Department of Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, and University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Trauma Sciences Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Belli
- Department of Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, and University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Trauma Sciences Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - William Palin
- Phototherapy Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David James Davies
- Department of Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, and University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Phototherapy Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Trauma Sciences Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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26
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Liebert A, Capon W, Pang V, Vila D, Bicknell B, McLachlan C, Kiat H. Photophysical Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation Therapy as Precision Medicine. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020237. [PMID: 36830774 PMCID: PMC9953702 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a significant focus on the photochemical and photoelectrical mechanisms underlying photobiomodulation (PBM), its complex functions are yet to be fully elucidated. To date, there has been limited attention to the photophysical aspects of PBM. One effect of photobiomodulation relates to the non-visual phototransduction pathway, which involves mechanotransduction and modulation to cytoskeletal structures, biophotonic signaling, and micro-oscillatory cellular interactions. Herein, we propose a number of mechanisms of PBM that do not depend on cytochrome c oxidase. These include the photophysical aspects of PBM and the interactions with biophotons and mechanotransductive processes. These hypotheses are contingent on the effect of light on ion channels and the cytoskeleton, the production of biophotons, and the properties of light and biological molecules. Specifically, the processes we review are supported by the resonant recognition model (RRM). This previous research demonstrated that protein micro-oscillations act as a signature of their function that can be activated by resonant wavelengths of light. We extend this work by exploring the local oscillatory interactions of proteins and light because they may affect global body circuits and could explain the observed effect of PBM on neuro-cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations. In particular, since dysrhythmic gamma oscillations are associated with neurodegenerative diseases and pain syndromes, including migraine with aura and fibromyalgia, we suggest that transcranial PBM should target diseases where patients are affected by impaired neural oscillations and aberrant brain wave patterns. This review also highlights examples of disorders potentially treatable with precise wavelengths of light by mimicking protein activity in other tissues, such as the liver, with, for example, Crigler-Najjar syndrome and conditions involving the dysregulation of the cytoskeleton. PBM as a novel therapeutic modality may thus behave as "precision medicine" for the treatment of various neurological diseases and other morbidities. The perspectives presented herein offer a new understanding of the photophysical effects of PBM, which is important when considering the relevance of PBM therapy (PBMt) in clinical applications, including the treatment of diseases and the optimization of health outcomes and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Liebert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Adventist Hospital Group, Wahroonga 2076, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead 2145, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - William Capon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Vincent Pang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead 2145, Australia
| | - Damien Vila
- Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier-Nîmes, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Brian Bicknell
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead 2145, Australia
| | - Craig McLachlan
- Faculty of Health, Torrens University, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Hosen Kiat
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Torrens University, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Cardiac Health Institute, Sydney 2121, Australia
- ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra 2600, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park 2109, Australia
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27
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Tian Z, Wang P, Huang K, Yu J, Zhang M, Liu Y, Zhao H, Zhu B, Huang X, Tong Z. Photobiomodulation for Alzheimer's disease: photoelectric coupling effect on attenuating Aβ neurotoxicity. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:39. [PMID: 36633696 PMCID: PMC9837011 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia are the most worrying health problems faced by people globally today. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in the extracellular space (ECS) and intracellular tau tangles are well established, the developed medicines targeting these two proteins have not obtained the expected clinical effects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red light (RL) or near-infrared light (NIR) to serve as a noninvasive neuroprotective strategy for brain diseases. The present review discusses the mechanisms of the photoelectric coupling effect (light energy-induced special electronic transition-related alterations in protein structure) of PBM on reducing Aβ toxicity. On the one hand, RL or NIR can directly disassemble Aβ in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, formaldehyde (FA)-inhibited catalase (CAT) and H2O2-inactived formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) are formed a vicious circle in AD; however, light energy not only activates FDH to degrade excessive FA (which crosslinks Aβ monomer to form Aβ oligomers and senile plaques) but also sensitizes CAT to reduce hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2, which can facilitate Aβ aggregation and enhance FA generation). In addition, it also activates mitochondrial cytochrome-c to produce ATP in the neurons. Clinical trials of phototherapeutics or oral coenzyme Q10 have shown positive effects in AD patients. Hence, a promising strategy combined PBM with nanopacked Q10 has been proposed to apply for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Mange Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yanming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Beilei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuerong Huang
- Department Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Lee TL, Ding Z, Chan AS. Can transcranial photobiomodulation improve cognitive function? A systematic review of human studies. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101786. [PMID: 36371017 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has been studied for over a decade as a possible cognitive intervention. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of tPBM for enhancing human cognitive function in healthy adults and remediating impaired cognitive function in adults with cognitive disorders. METHODS A systematic literature search from three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) was conducted from 1987 to May 2022. The cognitive function being evaluated included learning and memory, attention, executive function, language, and global cognitive function. RESULTS Of the 35 studies identified, 29 (82.9 %) studies reported positive improvement in cognitive functions after tPBM. All nine studies on participants with subjective memory complaints, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia, showed positive outcomes. Seven (87.5 %) studies on traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients also showed positive results. A series of clinical trials on stroke patients showed positive trends on improved neurological deficit at first, but was prematurely terminated later at phase III due to the lack of statistical significance. One of the most common protocols for clinical populations employed devices delivering near-infrared light (810 nm), the irradiance of 20-25 mW/cm2, and fluence of 1-10 J/cm2. While this was common, the reviewed protocols also included other wavelengths of light ranging from visible, red (630-635 nm) to invisible near-infrared maximum wavelengths of 1060-1068 nm. CONCLUSIONS tPBM seems to improve cognitive function. However, only half of the reviewed clinical trials were randomized control trials, further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Lok Lee
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zihan Ding
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Agnes S Chan
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Feng Y, Yang L, Ma X, Huang Z, Zong X, Citadin CT, Lin HW, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation treatment inhibits neurotoxic astrocytic polarization and protects neurons in in vitro and in vivo stroke models. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105464. [PMID: 36539162 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on function recovery after stroke have been well-established, while its molecular and cellular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of PBM on synaptic proteins and astrocyte polarization of photothrombotic (PT)-stroke induced rats in vivo, and explore the possible effect of PBM treatment on oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced neurotoxic astrocytic polarization in vitro. We reported that 2-min PBM treatment (808 nm) for 7 days significantly increased synaptic proteins and neuroprotective astrocytic marker S100 Calcium Binding Protein A10 (S100A10) and inhibited neurotoxic astrocytic marker C3d in the peri-infarct region after ischemic stroke. Cell culture studies of primary cortical neurons and N2a cells showed that single-dose PBM treatment could increase cellular viability, regulate the apoptotic proteins (Caspase 9, Bcl-xL and BAX) and preserve synaptic proteins following OGD exposure. Additionly, PBM decreased the levels of C3d, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) on astrocytes exposed to OGD. In summary, we demonstrated that PBM could inhibit neurotoxic astrocytic polarization, preserve synaptic integrity and protect neurons against stroke injury both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Luodan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Cristiane Teresinha Citadin
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA; Department of Cellular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 1501 Kings Highway, LA, 71103, USA.
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Carnosic Acid Attenuates AβOs-Induced Apoptosis and Synaptic Impairment via Regulating NMDAR2B and Its Downstream Cascades in SH-SY5Y Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:133-144. [PMID: 36224322 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal death and synaptic loss are principal pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid beta oligomers (AβOs) constitute the main neurotoxin underscoring AD pathology. AβOs interact with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), resulting in neurotoxic events, including activation of apoptosis and synaptic impairment. Carnosic acid (CA), extracted from Salvia rosmarinus, has been verified its neuroprotective effects in AD. However, the precise mechanisms by which CA induces synaptic protection remain unclear. In this study, we established an in vitro AD model using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. We observed that CA improved neuronal survival by suppressing apoptosis. Moreover, CA restored synaptic impairments by increasing expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95), and synaptophysin (Syn). Furthermore, we found these protective effects were dependent on inhibiting the phosphorylation of NMDAR subtype 2B (NMDAR2B), which further suppressed calcium overload and promoted activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway. Administration of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA), an agonist of NMDARs, abolished these effects of CA. Our findings demonstrate that CA exerts neuroprotective effects in an in vitro model of AD by regulating NMDAR2B and its downstream cascades, highlighting the therapeutic potential of CA as a NMDARs-targeted candidate in the treatment of AD.
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Abstract
This review deals with an unwelcome reality about several forms of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease- that these dementias are caused, in part or whole, by the aging of the vasculature. Since the vasculature ages in us all, dementia is our fate, sealed by the realit!ies of the circulation; it is not a disease with a cure pending. Empirically, cognitive impairment before our 7th decade is uncommon and considered early, while a diagnosis in our 11th decade is late but common in that cohort (>40%). Projections from earlier ages suggest that the prevalence of dementia in people surviving into their 12th decade exceeds 80%. We address the question why so few of many interventions known to delay dementia are recognized as therapy; and we try to resolve this few-and-many paradox, identifying opportunities for better treatment, especially pre-diagnosis. The idea of dementia as a fate is resisted, we argue, because it negates the hope of a cure. But the price of that hope is lost opportunity. An approach more in line with the evidence, and more likely to limit suffering, is to understand the damage that accumulates with age in the cerebral vasculature and therefore in the brain, and which eventually gives rise to cognitive symptoms in late life, too often leading to dementia. We argue that hope should be redirected to delaying that damage and with it the onset of cognitive loss; and, for each individual, it should be redirected to a life-long defense of their brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J Andersson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Stone
- School of Medical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Promoted CD4 + T cell-derived IFN-γ/IL-10 by photobiomodulation therapy modulates neurogenesis to ameliorate cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 and 3xTg-AD mice. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:253. [PMID: 36217178 PMCID: PMC9549637 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune system has been implicated in synaptic plasticity, inflammation, and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there were few studies on improving the niche microenvironment of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the brain of AD to promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) by regulating the function of non-parenchymal immune cells. Methods The lymph nodes of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) and 3xTg (APP/PS1/tau) mouse models of AD were treated with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for 10 J/cm2 per day for 1 month (10 min for each day), T lymphocytes isolated from these two AD models were treated with PBMT for 2 J/cm2 (5 min for each time). The NSCs isolated from hippocampus of these two AD models at E14, and the cells were co-cultivated with PBMT-treated T lymphocyte conditioned medium for NSCs differentiation. Results Our results showed that PBMT treatment could promote AHN and reverse cognitive deficits in AD mouse model. The expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) was upregulated in the brain of these two AD models after PBMT treated, which was induced by the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4)/STAT5 signaling pathway in CD4+ T cells. In addition, elevated CD4+ T cell levels and upregulated transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1)/insulin-like growth factors-1 (IGF-1)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression levels were also detected in the brain. More importantly, co-cultivated the PBMT-treated T lymphocyte conditioned medium with NSCs derived from these two AD models was shown to promote NSCs differentiation, which was reflected in the upregulation of both neuronal class-III β-tubulin (Tuj1) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), but the effects of PBMT was blocked by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger or JAK2 inhibitor. Conclusion Our research suggests that PBMT exerts a beneficial neurogenesis modulatory effect through activating the JAK2/STAT4/STAT5 signaling pathway to promote the expression of IFN-γ/IL-10 in non-parenchymal CD4+ T cells, induction of improvement of brain microenvironmental conditions and alleviation of cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 and 3xTg-AD mouse models. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02617-5.
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Wu C, Yang L, Feng S, Zhu L, Yang L, Liu TCY, Duan R. Therapeutic non-invasive brain treatments in Alzheimer's disease: recent advances and challenges. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:31. [PMID: 36184623 PMCID: PMC9527145 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases and the most common form of dementia. Characterized by the loss of learning, memory, problem-solving, language, and other thinking abilities, AD exerts a detrimental effect on both patients' and families' quality of life. Although there have been significant advances in understanding the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis and progression of AD, there is no cure for AD. The failure of numerous molecular targeted pharmacologic clinical trials leads to an emerging research shift toward non-invasive therapies, especially multiple targeted non-invasive treatments. In this paper, we reviewed the advances of the most widely studied non-invasive therapies, including photobiomodulation (PBM), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and exercise therapy. Firstly, we reviewed the pathological changes of AD and the challenges for AD studies. We then introduced these non-invasive therapies and discussed the factors that may affect the effects of these therapies. Additionally, we review the effects of these therapies and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Finally, we summarized the challenges of the non-invasive treatments in future AD studies and clinical applications. We concluded that it would be critical to understand the exact underlying mechanisms and find the optimal treatment parameters to improve the translational value of these non-invasive therapies. Moreover, the combined use of non-invasive treatments is also a promising research direction for future studies and sheds light on the future treatment or prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luoman Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital (PUTH), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shu Feng
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Huynh QS, Elangovan S, Holsinger RMD. Non-Pharmacological Therapeutic Options for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911037. [PMID: 36232336 PMCID: PMC9570337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a growing global crisis in need of urgent diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The current treatment strategy mostly involves immunotherapeutic medications that have had little success in halting disease progress. Hypotheses for pathogenesis and development of AD have been expanded to implicate both organ systems as well as cellular reactions. Non-pharmacologic interventions ranging from minimally to deeply invasive have attempted to address these diverse contributors to AD. In this review, we aim to delineate mechanisms underlying such interventions while attempting to provide explanatory links between the observed differences in disease states and postulated metabolic or structural mechanisms of change. The techniques discussed are not an exhaustive list of non-pharmacological interventions against AD but provide a foundation to facilitate a deeper understanding of the area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quy-Susan Huynh
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shalini Elangovan
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - R. M. Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9351-0876
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Nizamutdinov D, Ezeudu C, Wu E, Huang JH, Yi SS. Transcranial near-infrared light in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965788. [PMID: 36034819 PMCID: PMC9400541 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is a natural agent consisting of a range of visible and invisible electromagnetic spectrum travels in waves. Near-infrared (NIR) light refers to wavelengths from 800 to 2,500 nm. It is an invisible spectrum to naked eyes and can penetrate through soft and hard tissues into deep structures of the human body at specific wavelengths. NIR light may carry different energy levels depending on the intensity of emitted light and therapeutic spectrum (wavelength). Stimulation with NIR light can activate intracellular cascades of biochemical reactions with local short- and long-term positive effects. These properties of NIR light are employed in photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, have been linked to treating several brain pathologies, and are attracting more scientific attention in biomedicine. Transcranial brain stimulations with NIR light PBM in recent animal and human studies revealed a positive impact of treatment on the progression and improvement of neurodegenerative processes, management of brain energy metabolism, and regulation of chronic brain inflammation associated with various conditions, including traumatic brain injury. This scientific overview incorporates the most recent cellular and functional findings in PBM with NIR light in treating neurodegenerative diseases, presents the discussion of the proposed mechanisms of action, and describes the benefits of this treatment in neuroprotection, cell preservation/detoxification, anti-inflammatory properties, and regulation of brain energy metabolism. This review will also discuss the novel aspects and pathophysiological role of the glymphatic and brain lymphatics system in treating neurodegenerative diseases with NIR light stimulations. Scientific evidence presented in this overview will support a combined effort in the scientific community to increase attention to the understudied NIR light area of research as a natural agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases to promote more research and raise awareness of PBM in the treatment of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Nizamutdinov
- Baylor Scott and White Health, Neuroscience Institute, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
- Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
| | - Chibueze Ezeudu
- Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
| | - Erxi Wu
- Baylor Scott and White Health, Neuroscience Institute, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
- Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
- Texas A&M University, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, TX, United States
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, United States
| | - Jason H. Huang
- Baylor Scott and White Health, Neuroscience Institute, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
- Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Neurosurgery, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: S. Stephen Yi, ; Jason H. Huang,
| | - S. Stephen Yi
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: S. Stephen Yi, ; Jason H. Huang,
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Moro C, Valverde A, Dole M, Hoh Kam J, Hamilton C, Liebert A, Bicknell B, Benabid AL, Magistretti P, Mitrofanis J. The effect of photobiomodulation on the brain during wakefulness and sleep. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:942536. [PMID: 35968381 PMCID: PMC9366035 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.942536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last seventy years or so, many previous studies have shown that photobiomodulation, the use of red to near infrared light on body tissues, can improve central and peripheral neuronal function and survival in both health and in disease. These improvements are thought to arise principally from an impact of photobiomodulation on mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial mechanisms in a range of different cell types, including neurones. This impact has downstream effects on many stimulatory and protective genes. An often-neglected feature of nearly all of these improvements is that they have been induced during the state of wakefulness. Recent studies have shown that when applied during the state of sleep, photobiomodulation can also be of benefit, but in a different way, by improving the flow of cerebrospinal fluid and the clearance of toxic waste-products from the brain. In this review, we consider the potential differential effects of photobiomodulation dependent on the state of arousal. We speculate that the effects of photobiomodulation is on different cells and systems depending on whether it is applied during wakefulness or sleep, that it may follow a circadian rhythm. We speculate further that the arousal-dependent photobiomodulation effects are mediated principally through a biophoton – ultra-weak light emission – network of communication and repair across the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Moro
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Audrey Valverde
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marjorie Dole
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jaimie Hoh Kam
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Ann Liebert
- Governance and Research Department, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian Bicknell
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Pierre Magistretti
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Mitrofanis
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: John Mitrofanis,
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Zhang R, Zhou T, Samanta S, Luo Z, Li S, Xu H, Qu J. Synergistic photobiomodulation with 808-nm and 1064-nm lasers to reduce the β-amyloid neurotoxicity in the in vitro Alzheimer's disease models. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2022; 1:903531. [PMID: 37555169 PMCID: PMC10406259 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2022.903531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques is closely associated with the neuronal apoptosis and activation of microglia, which may result in the functional impairment of neurons through pro-inflammation and over-pruning of the neurons. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive therapeutic approach without any conspicuous side effect, which has shown promising attributes in the treatment of chronic brain diseases such as AD by reducing the Aβ burden. However, neither the optimal parameters for PBM treatment nor its exact role in modulating the microglial functions/activities has been conclusively established yet. METHODS An inflammatory stimulation model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was set up by activating microglia and neuroblastoma with fibrosis β-amyloid (fAβ) in a transwell insert system. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and BV2 microglial cells were irradiated with the 808- and 1,064-nm lasers, respectively (a power density of 50 mW/cm2 and a dose of 10 J/cm2) to study the PBM activity. The amount of labeled fAβ phagocytosed by microglia was considered to assess the microglial phagocytosis. A PBM-induced neuroprotective study was conducted with the AD model under different laser parameters to realize the optimal condition. Microglial phenotype, microglial secretions of the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, and the intracellular Ca2+ levels in microglia were studied in detail to understand the structural and functional changes occurring in the microglial cells of AD model upon PBM treatment. CONCLUSION A synergistic PBM effect (with the 808- and 1,064-nm lasers) effectively inhibited the fAβ-induced neurotoxicity of neuroblastoma by promoting the viability of neuroblastoma and regulating the intracellular Ca2+ levels of microglia. Moreover, the downregulation of Ca2+ led to microglial polarization with an M2 phenotype, which promotes the fAβ phagocytosis, and resulted in the upregulated expression of anti-inflammatory factors and downregulated expression of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Tacke C, DiStefano PS, Lindsay RM, Metzdorf K, Zagrebelsky M, Korte M. Actions of the TrkB Agonist Antibody ZEB85 in Regulating the Architecture and Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:945348. [PMID: 35845610 PMCID: PMC9280622 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.945348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling of BDNF via its TrkB receptor is crucial in regulating several critical aspects of the architecture and function of neurons both during development and in the adult central nervous system. Indeed, several neurological conditions, such as neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders are associated with alterations both in the expression levels of BDNF and TrkB, and in their intracellular signaling. Thus, the possibility of promoting BDNF/TrkB signaling has become relevant as a potential therapeutic intervention for neurological disorders. However, the clinical potential of BDNF itself has been limited due to its restricted diffusion rate in biological tissue, poor bioavailability and pharmacological properties, as well as the potential for unwanted side effects due to its ability to also signal via the p75NTR pathway. Several small molecule and biologic drug candidate TrkB agonists have been developed and are reported to have effects in rescuing both the pathological alterations and disease related symptoms in mouse models of several neurological diseases. However, recent side-by-side comparative studies failed to show their specificity for activating TrkB signaling cascades, suggesting the need for the generation and validation of improved candidates. In the present study, we examine the ability of the novel, fully human TrkB agonist antibody ZEB85 to modulate the architecture, activity and synaptic plasticity of hippocampal murine neurons under physiological conditions. Moreover, we show here that ZEB85 prevents β-amyloid toxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons, in a manner which is comparable to BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Tacke
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Charlotte Tacke,
| | | | | | - Kristin Metzdorf
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration (AG NIND), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marta Zagrebelsky
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Marta Zagrebelsky,
| | - Martin Korte
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration (AG NIND), Braunschweig, Germany
- Martin Korte,
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Near-infrared light reduces glia activation and modulates neuroinflammation in the brains of diet-induced obese mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10848. [PMID: 35761012 PMCID: PMC9237037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key event in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and characterizes metabolic pathologies like obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Growing evidence in humans shows that obesity increases the risk of developing AD by threefold. Hippocampal neuroinflammation in rodents correlates with poor memory performance, suggesting that it contributes to cognitive decline. Here we propose that reducing obesity/T2D-driven neuroinflammation may prevent the progression of cognitive decline associated with AD-like neurodegenerative states. Near-infrared light (NIR) has attracted increasing attention as it was shown to improve learning and memory in both humans and animal models. We previously reported that transcranial NIR delivery reduced amyloid beta and Tau pathology and improved memory function in mouse models of AD. Here, we report the effects of NIR in preventing obesity-induced neuroinflammation in a diet-induced obese mouse model. Five-week-old wild-type mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 13 weeks to induce obesity prior to transcranial delivery of NIR for 4 weeks during 90-s sessions given 5 days a week. After sacrifice, brain slices were subjected to free-floating immunofluorescence for microglia and astrocyte markers to evaluate glial activation and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to evaluate expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The hippocampal and cortical regions of the HFD group had increased expression of the activated microglial marker CD68 and the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. NIR-treated HFD groups showed decreased levels of these markers. PCR revealed that hippocampal tissue from the HFD group had increased levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. Interestingly, the same samples showed increased levels of the anti-inflammatory IL-10. All these changes were attenuated by NIR treatment. Lastly, hippocampal levels of the neurotrophic factor BDNF were increased in NIR-treated HFD mice, compared to untreated HFD mice. The marked reductions in glial activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines along with elevated BDNF provide insights into how NIR could reduce neuroinflammation. These results support the use of NIR as a potential non-invasive and preventive therapeutic approach against chronic obesity-induced deficits that are known to occur with AD neuropathology.
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Cardoso FDS, Serra FT, Coimbra NC, Gonzalez-Lima F, Gomes da Silva S. Transcranial photobiomodulation changes neuronal morphology in the cerebral cortex of rats. Neurosci Lett 2022; 781:136681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Xue B, Waseem SMA, Zhu Z, Alshahrani MA, Nazam N, Anjum F, Habib AH, Rafeeq MM, Nazam F, Sharma M. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Connecting Link Between Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:925991. [PMID: 35692417 PMCID: PMC9177140 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.925991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) involving tropomyosin kinase B and low affinity p75 neurotropin receptors is the most abundant and researched neurotropins in mammal’s brain. It is one of the potential targets for therapeutics in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) owing to its key role in synaptic plasticity. Low levels of BDNF are implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases including AD. However, a healthy lifestyle, exercise, and dietary modifications are shown to positively influence insulin regulation in the brain, reduce inflammation, and up-regulate the levels of BDNF, and are thus expected to have roles in AD. In this review, the relationship between BDNF, mental health, and AD is discussed. Insights into the interrelationships between nutrition, lifestyle, and environment with BDNF and possible roles in AD are also provided in the review. The review sheds light on the possible new therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xue
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhixin Zhu
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed A. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Nazam
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Hamed Habib
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahuddin M. Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Nazam
- Section of Psychology, Women’s College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- *Correspondence: Monika Sharma,
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Bathini M, Raghushaker CR, Mahato KK. The Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Photobiomodulation Against Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022. [PMID: 33301129 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01016-9,33301129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases might be slow but relentless, as we continue to fail in treating or delaying their progression. Given the complexity in the pathogenesis of these diseases, a broad-acting approach like photobiomodulation can prove promising. Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses red and infrared light for therapeutic benefits, working by stimulating growth and proliferation. The implications of photobiomodulation have been studied in several neurodegenerative disease models. It has been shown to improve cell survival, decrease apoptosis, alleviate oxidative stress, suppress inflammation, and rescue mitochondrial function. In in vivo models, it has reportedly preserved motor and cognitive skills. Beyond mitochondrial stimulation, the molecular mechanisms by which photobiomodulation protects against neurodegeneration have not been very well studied. This review has systematically been undertaken to study the effects of photobiomodulation at a molecular level and identify the different biochemical pathways and molecular changes in the process. The data showed the involvement of pathways like extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and protein kinase B (Akt). In addition, the expression of several genes and proteins playing different roles in the disease mechanisms was found to be influenced by PBM, such as neurotrophic factors and secretases. Studying the literature indicated that PBM can be translated to a potential therapeutic tool, acting through a spectrum of mechanisms that work together to decelerate disease progression in the organism, which is difficult to achieve through pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayukha Bathini
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Chandavalli Ramappa Raghushaker
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Salehpour F, Khademi M, Bragin DE, DiDuro JO. Photobiomodulation Therapy and the Glymphatic System: Promising Applications for Augmenting the Brain Lymphatic Drainage System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062975. [PMID: 35328396 PMCID: PMC8950470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is a glial-dependent waste clearance pathway in the central nervous system, devoted to drain away waste metabolic products and soluble proteins such as amyloid-beta. An impaired brain glymphatic system can increase the incidence of neurovascular, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy can serve as a non-invasive neuroprotective strategy for maintaining and optimizing effective brain waste clearance. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of the glymphatic drainage system in removing toxins and waste metabolites from the brain. We review recent animal research on the neurotherapeutic benefits of PBM therapy on glymphatic drainage and clearance. We also highlight cellular mechanisms of PBM on the cerebral glymphatic system. Animal research has shed light on the beneficial effects of PBM on the cerebral drainage system through the clearance of amyloid-beta via meningeal lymphatic vessels. Finally, PBM-mediated increase in the blood–brain barrier permeability with a subsequent rise in Aβ clearance from PBM-induced relaxation of lymphatic vessels via a vasodilation process will be discussed. We conclude that PBM promotion of cranial and extracranial lymphatic system function might be a promising strategy for the treatment of brain diseases associated with cerebrospinal fluid outflow abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Salehpour
- College for Light Medicine and Photobiomodulation, D-82319 Starnberg, Germany;
- ProNeuroLIGHT LLC, Phoenix, AZ 85041, USA
| | - Mahsa Khademi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666, Iran;
| | - Denis E. Bragin
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Joseph O. DiDuro
- ProNeuroLIGHT LLC, Phoenix, AZ 85041, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(845)-203-9204
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Gao L, Zhang Y, Sterling K, Song W. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Alzheimer's disease and its pharmaceutical potential. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:4. [PMID: 35090576 PMCID: PMC8796548 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic abnormalities are a cardinal feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that are known to arise as the disease progresses. A growing body of evidence suggests that pathological alterations to neuronal circuits and synapses may provide a mechanistic link between amyloid β (Aβ) and tau pathology and thus may serve as an obligatory relay of the cognitive impairment in AD. Brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) play an important role in maintaining synaptic plasticity in learning and memory. Considering AD as a synaptic disorder, BDNF has attracted increasing attention as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutical molecule for AD. Although depletion of BDNF has been linked with Aβ accumulation, tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis, the exact mechanisms underlying the effect of impaired BDNF signaling on AD are still unknown. Here, we present an overview of how BDNF genomic structure is connected to factors that regulate BDNF signaling. We then discuss the role of BDNF in AD and the potential of BDNF-targeting therapeutics for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gao
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yun Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Keenan Sterling
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Weihong Song
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China.
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Monteiro F, Carvalho Ó, Sousa N, Silva FS, Sotiropoulos I. Photobiomodulation and visual stimulation against cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease pathology: A systematic review. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2022; 8:e12249. [DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Monteiro
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) Campus Azurém University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
| | - Óscar Carvalho
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) Campus Azurém University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- ICVS/3B's ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Medicine University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
| | - Filipe S. Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) Campus Azurém University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- ICVS/3B's ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Medicine University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications NCSR Demokritos Athens Greece
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Chang H, Zou Z, Li J, Shen Q, Liu L, An X, Yang S, Xing D. Photoactivation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-mediated Src and protein kinase C pathway enhances MHC class II-restricted T cell immunity to tumours. Cancer Lett 2021; 523:57-71. [PMID: 34563641 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
High fluence low-level laser (HF-LLL), a mitochondria-targeted tumour phototherapy, results in oxidative damage and apoptosis of tumour cells, as well as damage to normal tissue. To circumvent this, the therapeutic effect of low fluence LLL (LFL), a non-invasive and drug-free therapeutic strategy, was identified for tumours and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. We observed that LFL enhanced antigen-specific immune response of macrophages and dendritic cells by upregulating MHC class II, which was induced by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated signalling, suppressing tumour growth in both CD11c-DTR and C57BL/6 mice. Mechanistically, LFL upregulated MHC class II in an MHC class II transactivator (CIITA)-dependent manner. LFL-activated protein kinase C (PKC) promoted the nuclear translocation of CIITA, as inhibition of PKC attenuated the DNA-binding efficiency of CIITA to MHC class II promoter. CIITA mRNA and protein expression also improved after LFL treatment, characterised by direct binding of Src and STAT1, and subsequent activation of STAT1. Notably, scavenging of ROS downregulated LFL-induced Src and PKC activation and antagonised the effects of LFL treatment. Thus, LFL treatment altered the adaptive immune response via the mitochondrial ROS-activated signalling pathway to control the progress of neoplastic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocai Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Zhengzhi Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Jie Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Qi Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Xiaorui An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Sihua Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Hossein-khannazer N, Kazem Arki M, Keramatinia A, Rezaei-Tavirani M. The Role of Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e88. [PMID: 35155173 PMCID: PMC8837843 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease. Inflammatory cells, cytokines and chemokines play a major role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as a photobiostimulation approach could affect a wide range of cellular responses. LLLT inhibits the inflammatory signaling pathway, improves cell viability, inhibits apoptosis, modulates immune responses and induces the production of growth factors. Methods: In this review, we discuss the effect of LLLT on cellular responses and its application in the treatment of MS. Such keywords as "low-level laser therapy", "photobiomodulation" and "multiple sclerosis" were used to find studies related to laser therapy in MS in Google scholar, PubMed and Medline databases. Results: LLLT reduced the inflammatory immune cells and mediators. It also enhanced the regeneration of neurons. Conclusion: Investigations showed that besides current treatment strategies, LLLT could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoo Hossein-khannazer
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Kazem Arki
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Keramatinia
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hadrich F, Chamkha M, Sayadi S. Protective effect of olive leaves phenolic compounds against neurodegenerative disorders: Promising alternative for Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases modulation. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 159:112752. [PMID: 34871668 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to review literature on compounds extracted from olive tree leaves, such as simple phenols (hydroxytyrosol) and flavonoids (Apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin.) and their diverse pharmacological activities as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. In addition, the study discussed the key mechanisms underlying their neuroprotective effects. This study adopted an approach of collecting data through the databases provided by ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, PubMed and Google Scholar. This review revealed that there was an agreement on the great impact of olive tree leaves phenolic compounds on many metabolic syndromes as well as on the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson. These findings would be of great importance for the use of olive tree leaves extracts as a food supplement and/or a source of drugs for many diseases. In addition, this review would of great help to beginning researchers in the field since it would offer them a general overview of the studies undertaken in the last two decades on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Hadrich
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Biotechnology Program, Center of Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
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Wang X, Li X, Zuo X, Liang Z, Ding T, Li K, Ma Y, Li P, Zhu Z, Ju C, Zhang Z, Song Z, Quan H, Zhang J, Hu X, Wang Z. Photobiomodulation inhibits the activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes by inhibiting Lcn2/JAK2-STAT3 crosstalk after spinal cord injury in male rats. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:256. [PMID: 34740378 PMCID: PMC8571847 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes begin to activate and participate in pathological processes after spinal cord injury (SCI), subsequently causing severe secondary damage and affecting tissue repair. We have previously reported that photobiomodulation (PBM) can promote functional recovery by reducing neuroinflammation after SCI, but little is known about the underlying mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether PBM ameliorates neuroinflammation by modulating the activation of microglia and astrocytes after SCI. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a sham control group, an SCI + vehicle group and an SCI + PBM group. PBM was performed for two consecutive weeks after clip-compression SCI models were established. The activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes, the level of tissue apoptosis, the number of motor neurons and the recovery of motor function were evaluated at different days post-injury (1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days post-injury, dpi). Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling were regarded as potential targets by which PBM affected neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes. In in vitro experiments, primary microglia and astrocytes were irradiated with PBM and cotreated with cucurbitacin I (a JAK2-STAT3 pathway inhibitor), an adenovirus (shRNA-Lcn2) and recombinant Lcn2 protein. RESULTS PBM promoted the recovery of motor function, inhibited the activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes, alleviated neuroinflammation and tissue apoptosis, and increased the number of neurons retained after SCI. The upregulation of Lcn2 and the activation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway after SCI were suppressed by PBM. In vitro experiments also showed that Lcn2 and JAK2-STAT3 were mutually promoted and that PBM interfered with this interaction, inhibiting the activation of microglia and astrocytes. CONCLUSION Lcn2/JAK2-STAT3 crosstalk is involved in the activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes after SCI, and this process can be suppressed by PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuankang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.,967 Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuowen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tan Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangguang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhijie Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Ju
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- 967 Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiwen Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huilin Quan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueyu Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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50
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Pople CB, Meng Y, Li DZ, Bigioni L, Davidson B, Vecchio LM, Hamani C, Rabin JS, Lipsman N. Neuromodulation in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Current and Emerging Approaches. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 78:1299-1313. [PMID: 33164935 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuromodulation as a treatment strategy for psychiatric and neurological diseases has grown in popularity in recent years, with the approval of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of depression being one such example. These approaches offer new hope in the treatment of diseases that have proven largely intractable to traditional pharmacological approaches. For this reason, neuromodulation is increasingly being explored for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. However, such approaches have variable, and, in many cases, very limited evidence for safety and efficacy, with most human evidence obtained in small clinical trials. Here we review work in animal models and humans with Alzheimer's disease exploring emerging neuromodulation modalities. Approaches reviewed include deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, ultrasound stimulation, photobiomodulation, and visual or auditory stimulation. In doing so, we clarify the current evidence for these approaches in treating Alzheimer's disease and identify specific areas where additional work is needed to facilitate their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Pople
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ying Meng
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Z Li
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luca Bigioni
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin Davidson
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura M Vecchio
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clement Hamani
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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