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Louie AY, Drnevich J, Johnson JL, Woodard M, Kukekova AV, Johnson RW, Steelman AJ. Respiratory infection with influenza A virus delays remyelination and alters oligodendrocyte metabolism. iScience 2024; 27:110464. [PMID: 39104416 PMCID: PMC11298649 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral viral infection disrupts oligodendrocyte (OL) homeostasis such that endogenous remyelination may be affected. Here, we demonstrate that influenza A virus infection perpetuated a demyelination- and disease-associated OL phenotype following cuprizone-induced demyelination that resulted in delayed OL maturation and remyelination in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, we assessed cellular metabolism ex vivo, and found that infection altered brain OL and microglia metabolism in a manner that opposed the metabolic profile induced by remyelination. Specifically, infection increased glycolytic capacity of OLs and microglia, an effect that was recapitulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of mixed glia cultures. In contrast, mitochondrial dependence was increased in OLs during remyelination, which was similarly observed in OLs of myelinating P14 mice compared to adult and aged mice. Collectively, our data indicate that respiratory viral infection is capable of suppressing remyelination, and suggest that metabolic dysfunction of OLs is implicated in remyelination impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Y. Louie
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Meagan Woodard
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anna V. Kukekova
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rodney W. Johnson
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrew J. Steelman
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Balestrino M, Adriano E, Alì PA, Pardini M. Selective Alteration of the Left Arcuate Fasciculus in Two Patients Affected by Creatine Transporter Deficiency. Brain Sci 2024; 14:337. [PMID: 38671990 PMCID: PMC11048612 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In hereditary creatine transporter deficiency (CTD), there is an absence of creatine in the brain and neurological symptoms are present, including severe language impairment. However, the pathological changes caused by creatine deficiency that generate neuropsychological symptoms have been poorly studied. (2) Aims: To investigate if the language impairment in CTD is underpinned by possible pathological changes. (3) Methods: We used MRI tractography to investigate the trophism of the left arcuate fasciculus, a white matter bundle connecting Wernicke's and Broca's language areas that is specifically relevant for language establishment and maintenance, in two patients (28 and 18 y.o.). (4) Results: The T1 and T2 MRI imaging results were unremarkable, but the left arcuate fasciculus showed a marked decrease in mean fractional anisotropy (FA) compared to healthy controls. In contrast, the FA values in the corticospinal tract were similar to those of healthy controls. Although white matter atrophy has been reported in CTD, this is the first report to show a selective abnormality of the language-relevant arcuate fasciculus, suggesting a possible region-specific impact of creatine deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Balestrino
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.); (P.A.A.); (M.P.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Adriano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.); (P.A.A.); (M.P.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Alessandro Alì
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.); (P.A.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.); (P.A.A.); (M.P.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Mamulashvili N, Chikviladze M, Shanshiashvili L, Mikeladze D. Myelin basic proteins charge isomers interact differently with the peptidyl arginine deiminase-2. Neuroreport 2024; 35:185-190. [PMID: 38305106 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The deamination of arginine and its conversion to citrulline is a modification observed in positively charged proteins such as histones or myelin basic protein (MBP). This reaction is catalyzed by peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD), whose abnormal activation is associated with autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. However, the mechanisms that trigger PAD activation and the pathophysiological processes involved in hypercitrullination remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the interaction between PAD and various charged isomers of MBP, each differing in the degree of post-translational modification. Immunoprecipitation experiments were conducted to examine the binding between PAD and the different charge isomers of MBP. Our findings revealed that the phosphorylated forms of MBP (C3 and C4) exhibited a higher affinity for PAD compared to the unmodified (C1) and fully citrullinated forms (C8). Additionally, we observed that only in the presence of the unmodified C1 isomer did PAD undergo autocitrullination, which was inhibited by the endogenous guanidine-containing component, creatine. In the presence of other isomers, PAD did not undergo autocitrullination. Furthermore, we found that the unmodified isomer of MBP-C1 contains methylated arginines, which were not affected by the pre-treatment with PAD. Based on our findings, we propose that the increased phosphorylation of central threonines in the original MBP may trigger PAD activation, leading to increased citrullination of the protein and subsequent disorganization of the myelin sheath. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms in autoimmune diseases associated with hypercitrullination, potentially opening new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lali Shanshiashvili
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University
- Department of Biochemistry, I.Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - David Mikeladze
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University
- Department of Biochemistry, I.Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Bian X, Zhu J, Jia X, Liang W, Yu S, Li Z, Zhang W, Rao Y. Suggestion of creatine as a new neurotransmitter by approaches ranging from chemical analysis and biochemistry to electrophysiology. eLife 2023; 12:RP89317. [PMID: 38126335 PMCID: PMC10735228 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of a new neurotransmitter, especially one in the central nervous system, is both important and difficult. We have been searching for new neurotransmitters for 12 y. We detected creatine (Cr) in synaptic vesicles (SVs) at a level lower than glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid but higher than acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. SV Cr was reduced in mice lacking either arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (a Cr synthetase) or SLC6A8, a Cr transporter with mutations among the most common causes of intellectual disability in men. Calcium-dependent release of Cr was detected after stimulation in brain slices. Cr release was reduced in Slc6a8 and Agat mutants. Cr inhibited neocortical pyramidal neurons. SLC6A8 was necessary for Cr uptake into synaptosomes. Cr was found by us to be taken up into SVs in an ATP-dependent manner. Our biochemical, chemical, genetic, and electrophysiological results are consistent with the possibility of Cr as a neurotransmitter, though not yet reaching the level of proof for the now classic transmitters. Our novel approach to discover neurotransmitters is to begin with analysis of contents in SVs before defining their function and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiling Bian
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR)BeijingChina
| | - Jiemin Zhu
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR)BeijingChina
| | - Xiaobo Jia
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR)BeijingChina
| | - Wenjun Liang
- Chinese Institutes of Medical Research, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping DistrictBeijingChina
| | - Sihan Yu
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping DistrictBeijingChina
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese Institutes of Medical Research, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina
| | - Yi Rao
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Biology, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR)BeijingChina
- Chinese Institutes of Medical Research, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping DistrictBeijingChina
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina
- Research Unit of Medical Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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