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Chen WJ, Chen H, Li ZM, Huang WY, Wu JL. Acetylcholine muscarinic M1 receptors in the rodent prefrontal cortex modulate cognitive abilities to establish social hierarchy. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:974-982. [PMID: 38135842 PMCID: PMC11039707 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In most social species, the attainment of social dominance is strongly affected by personality traits. Dominant individuals show better cognitive abilities, however, whether an individual's cognition can determine its social status has remained inconclusive. We found that mice show better cognitive abilities tend to possess a higher social rank after cohousing. The dynamic release of acetylcholine (ACh) in the prelimbic cortex (PL) is correlated with mouse dominance behavior. ACh enhanced the excitability of the PL neurons via acetylcholine muscarinic M1 receptors (M1). Inhibition of M1 impaired mice cognitive performance and induced losing in social competition. Mice with M1 deficiency in the PL performed worse on cognitive behavioral tests, and exhibited lower status when re-grouped with others. Elevating ACh level in the PL of subordinate mice induced winning. These results provide direct evidence for the involvement of M1 in social hierarchy and suggest that social rank can be tuned by altering cognition through cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Chen
- Medical Research and Experimental Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, 514031, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technological Research Center of Clinical Molecular Diagnosis and Antibody Drugs, Meizhou, 514031, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zi-Ming Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Yuan Huang
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- Medical Research and Experimental Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, 514031, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technological Research Center of Clinical Molecular Diagnosis and Antibody Drugs, Meizhou, 514031, China.
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Samir SM, Hassan HM, Elmowafy R, ElNashar EM, Alghamdi MA, AlSheikh MH, Al-Zahrani NS, Alasiri FM, Elhadidy MG. Neuroprotective effect of ranolazine improves behavioral discrepancies in a rat model of scopolamine-induced dementia. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1267675. [PMID: 38323121 PMCID: PMC10845649 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1267675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ranolazine (Rn), an antianginal agent, acts in the central nervous system and has been used as a potential treatment agent for pain and epileptic disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases and the leading factor in dementia in the elderly. Aim We examined the impact of Rn on scopolamine (Sco)-induced dementia in rats. Methods Thirty-two albino male rats were divided into four groups: control, Rn, Sco, and Rn + Sco. Results A significant decrease in the escape latency in the Morris water maze test after pre-treatment with Rn explained better learning and memory in rats. Additionally, Rn significantly upregulated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the treated group compared to the Sco group but substantially reduced acetylcholinesterase activity levels in the hippocampus. Moreover, Rn dramatically reduced interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) and IL-6 and upregulated the gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Furthermore, in the Sco group, the hippocampal tissue's immunohistochemical reaction of Tau and glial factor activating protein (GFAP) was significantly increased in addition to the upregulation of the Caspase-3 gene expression, which was markedly improved by pre-treatment with Rn. The majority of pyramidal neurons had large vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and appeared to be more or less normal, reflecting the all-beneficial effects of Rn when the hippocampal tissue was examined under a microscope. Conclusion Our findings indicated that Rn, through its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, as well as the control of the expression of GFAP, BDNF, and Tau proteins, has a novel neuroprotective impact against scopolamine-induced dementia in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen M. Samir
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hend M. Hassan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elmowafy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed ElNashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Hmoud AlSheikh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Saeed Al-Zahrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten Mohammed Alasiri
- Pharmacist in King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital Khamis Mushait, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona G. Elhadidy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
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Translationally controlled tumor protein restores impaired memory and altered synaptic protein expression in animal models of dementia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114357. [PMID: 36738496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes the effects of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) on mice with memory impairment caused by scopolamine (SCO) administration. Specifically, memory functions and expression levels of hippocampal synaptic proteins in 7- to 12-month-old SCO-treated wild-type (WT-SCO) mice were compared to those of TCTP-overexpressing (TG) and TCTP knocked-down (KD) mice similarly treated with SCO. Passive-avoidance tasks were performed with WT, TG, and KD mice for four weeks after intraperitoneal injection of SCO or saline followed by an acquisition test. After completing behavioral studies, hippocampi of all mice groups were collected and their synaptic protein contents were subjected to Western blotting or immunohistochemical analyses, and compared with those of 5x familial Alzheimer's disease (5xFAD) mice and postmortem AD patients. Results of passive avoidance tests revealed that SCO-induced memory impairment was repaired in TCTP-TG mice, but not in TCTP-KD mice. Hippocampal expression levels of synaptophysin, synapsin-1, and PSD-95 were increased in TCTP-TG mice treated with SCO (TG-SCO) but decreased in TCTP-KD mice treated with SCO (KD-SCO). Decreased levels of TCTP, synaptophysin, and PSD-95 were also found in hippocampi of 5xFAD mice and AD patients. Expression levels of p-CREB/CREB and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in TCTP-TG and TG-SCO mice were similar to or increased compared to those in WT mice, but decreased in TCTP-KD and KD-SCO mice. BDNF immunoreactivity was restored in CA1 regions of hippocampi of TG-SCO mice, but not in KD-SCO mice. These results suggest that TCTP can restore damaged memory in mice possibly through restored synaptic protein expression.
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Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi FA, Afzal M, Shahid Nadeem M, Altayb HN. Sterubin protects against chemically-induced Alzheimer's disease by reducing biomarkers of inflammation- IL-6/ IL-β/ TNF-α and oxidative stress- SOD/MDA in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103560. [PMID: 36712184 PMCID: PMC9876951 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sterubin, a flavanone is an active chemical compound that possesses neuroprotective activity. The current investigation was intended to assess the sterubin effect in scopolamine-activated Alzheimer's disease. The rats were induced with scopolamine (1.5 mg/kg) followed by treatment with sterubin (10 mg/kg) for 14 days. Behavioural analysis was predictable by the Y-maze test and Morris water test. Biochemical variables like nitric oxide acetylcholinesterase, Choline acetyltransferase, antioxidant markers like superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase, malondialdehyde, catalase, and myeloperoxidase activity, neuroinflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL-1β), and IL-6 were measured. The result stated that sterubin reversed the oxidative stress parameters, increased motor performance, and lowered the inflammatory markers in scopolamine-induced rats. The study demonstrated that sterubin possesses neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties which can be used as a beneficial medication in AD.
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Key Words
- Acetylcholinesterase, AChE
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Alzheimer’s disease, AD
- Catalase, CAT
- Choline acetyltransferase, ChAT
- Morris water maze, MWM
- Myeloperoxidase, MPO
- Neuroinflammatory markers
- Neuroprotective
- Oxidative stress
- Reduced glutathione, GSH
- Scopolamine
- Scopolamine, SCOP
- Sterubin
- acetylcholinesterase, ACh
- interferon, IFN
- interleukin, IL
- reactive oxygen species, ROS
- tumor necrosis factor, TNF
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham N. Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Katiyar P, Singh Rathore A, Banerjee S, Nathani S, Zahra W, Singh SP, Sircar D, Roy P. Wheatgrass extract imparts neuroprotective actions against scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:8474-8488. [PMID: 35861716 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00423b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rich and diverse phytoconstituents of wheatgrass have established it as a natural antioxidant and detoxifying agent. The anti-inflammatory potential of wheatgrass has been studied extensively. However, the neuroprotective potential of wheatgrass has not been studied in depth. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective response of wheatgrass against age-related scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. Scopolamine is an established anticholinergic drug that demonstrates the behavioural and molecular characteristics of Alzheimer's disease. In the current study, wheatgrass extracts (prepared from 5 and 7 day old plantlets) were administered to scopolamine-induced memory deficit mice. The Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze tests demonstrated that wheatgrass treatment improves the behavior and simultaneously enhances the memory of amnesic mice. We further evaluated the expression of neuroinflammation related genes and proteins in the hippocampal region of mice. Wheatgrass significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of neuroprotective markers such as BDNF and CREB in scopolamine-induced mice. Simultaneously, wheatgrass also downregulated the expression of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α and tau genes in these mice. The treatment of scopolamine-induced memory impaired mice with wheatgrass resulted in an elevation in the level of the phosphorylated form of ERK and Akt proteins. Wheatgrass treatment of mice also regulated the phosphorylation of tau protein and simultaneously prevented its aggregation in the hippocampal region of the brain. Overall, this study suggests the therapeutic potential of wheatgrass in the treatment of age-related memory impairment, possibly through the involvement of ERK/Akt-CREB-BDNF pathway and concomitantly ameliorating the tau-related pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Katiyar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Aaina Singh Rathore
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Somesh Banerjee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Sandip Nathani
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Walia Zahra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Klee JL, Souza BC, Battaglia FP. Learning differentially shapes prefrontal and hippocampal activity during classical conditioning. eLife 2021; 10:e65456. [PMID: 34665131 PMCID: PMC8545395 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to use sensory cues to inform goal-directed actions is a critical component of behavior. To study how sounds guide anticipatory licking during classical conditioning, we employed high-density electrophysiological recordings from the hippocampal CA1 area and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in mice. CA1 and PFC neurons undergo distinct learning-dependent changes at the single-cell level and maintain representations of cue identity at the population level. In addition, reactivation of task-related neuronal assemblies during hippocampal awake Sharp-Wave Ripples (aSWRs) changed within individual sessions in CA1 and over the course of multiple sessions in PFC. Despite both areas being highly engaged and synchronized during the task, we found no evidence for coordinated single cell or assembly activity during conditioning trials or aSWR. Taken together, our findings support the notion that persistent firing and reactivation of task-related neural activity patterns in CA1 and PFC support learning during classical conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan L Klee
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bryan C Souza
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Francesco P Battaglia
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Tang KS. The cellular and molecular processes associated with scopolamine-induced memory deficit: A model of Alzheimer's biomarkers. Life Sci 2019; 233:116695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Marshall HJ, Pezze MA, Fone KCF, Cassaday HJ. Age-related differences in appetitive trace conditioning and novel object recognition procedures. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 164:107041. [PMID: 31351120 PMCID: PMC6857625 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal study of middle age in the rat with matched younger control cohort. Appetitive trace conditioning and novel object recognition tests of working memory. Transient between-groups working memory impairments aged 12 compared with 2 months. Object exploration reduced with age but working memory recovered. Object exploration and ITI nosepoking showed some correlation with 5-HIAA/5-HT.
Appetitive trace conditioning (TC) was examined over 6 months in younger-adult (2–8 months) and middle-aged (12–18 months) male Wistar RccHan rats, to test for early age-related impairment in working memory. Novel object recognition (NOR) was included as a comparison task, to provide a positive control in the event that the expected impairment in TC was not demonstrated. The results showed that TC improved at both ages at the 2 s but not at the 10 s trace interval. There was, however, evidence for reduced improvement from one day to the next in the middle-aged cohort tested with the 2 s trace conditioned stimulus. Moreover, within the 10 s trace, responding progressively distributed later in the trace interval, in the younger-adult but not the middle-aged cohort. Middle-aged rats showed NOR discriminative impairment at a 24 h but not at a 10 min retention interval. Object exploration was overall reduced in middle-aged rats and further reduced longitudinally. At the end of the study, assessing neurochemistry by HPLC-ED showed reduced 5-HIAA/5-HT in the dorsal striatum of the middle-aged rats and some correlations between striatal 5-HIAA/5-HT and activity parameters. Overall the results suggest that, taken in isolation, age-related impairments may be overcome by experience. This recovery in performance was seen despite the drop in activity levels in older animals, which might be expected to contribute to cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley J Marshall
- University of Nottingham, Psychology, University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
| | - Marie A Pezze
- University of Nottingham, Psychology, University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C F Fone
- University of Nottingham, Psychology, University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J Cassaday
- University of Nottingham, Psychology, University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom.
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Estrous cycle stage gates sex differences in prefrontal muscarinic control of fear memory formation. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 161:26-36. [PMID: 30851433 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The association of a sensory cue and an aversive footshock that are separated in time, as in trace fear conditioning, requires persistent activity in prelimbic cortex during the cue-shock interval. The activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors has been shown to facilitate persistent firing of cortical cells in response to brief stimulation, and muscarinic antagonists in the prefrontal cortex impair working memory. It is unknown, however, if the acquisition of associative trace fear conditioning is dependent on muscarinic signaling in the prefrontal cortex. Here, we delivered the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine to the prelimbic cortex of rats prior to trace fear conditioning and tested their memories of the cue and training context the following day. The effect of scopolamine on working memory performance was also tested using a spatial delayed non-match to sample task. Male and female subjects were included to examine potential sex differences in the modulation of memory formation, as we have previously observed for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide signaling in the prefrontal cortex (Kirry et al., 2018). We found that pre-training administration of intra-prelimbic scopolamine impaired the formation of cued and contextual fear memories in males, but not females at a dose that impairs spatial working memory in both sexes. Fear memory formation in females was impaired by a higher dose of scopolamine and this impairment was gated by estrous cycle stage: scopolamine failed to impair memory in rats in the diestrus or proestrus stages of the estrous cycle. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that the prefrontal cortex is sexually dimorphic in learning and memory and additionally suggest that males and females differentially engage prefrontal neuromodulatory systems in support of learning.
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Pezze MA, Marshall HJ, Cassaday HJ. Infusions of scopolamine in dorsal hippocampus reduce anticipatory responding in an appetitive trace conditioning procedure. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e01147. [PMID: 30378776 PMCID: PMC6305963 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trace conditioning is impaired by lesions to dorsal hippocampus, as well as by treatment with the muscarinic acetylcholine antagonist scopolamine. However, the role of muscarinic receptors within hippocampus has received little attention. METHODS The present study examined the effects of intra-hippocampal infusion of scopolamine (30 µg/side) in an appetitive (2 vs. 10 s) trace conditioning procedure using sucrose pellets as the unconditioned stimulus (US). Locomotor activity (LMA) was examined in a different apparatus. RESULTS Intra-hippocampal scopolamine reduced responding to the 2 s trace conditioned stimulus (CS). Intra-hippocampal scopolamine similarly depressed responding within the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) at both 2 and 10 s trace intervals, but there was no such effect in the inter-trial interval. There was also some overall reduction in responding when the US was delivered; significant at the 10 s but not at the 2 s trace interval. A similar pattern of results to that seen in response to the CS during acquisition was shown drug-free (in the 5 s post-CS) in the extinction tests of conditioned responding. LMA was increased under scopolamine. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that nonspecific changes in activity or motivation to respond for the US cannot explain the reduction in trace conditioning as measured by reduced CS responding and in the ISI. Rather, the findings of the present study point to the importance of associative aspects of the task in determining its sensitivity to the effects of scopolamine, suggesting that muscarinic receptors in the hippocampus are important modulators of short-term working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A. Pezze
- School of PsychologyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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