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Deng Z, Chen M, Zhao Z, Xiao W, Liu T, Peng Q, Wu Z, Xu S, Shi W, Jian D, Wang B, Liu F, Tang Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Sun L, Xie H, Zhang G, Li J. Whole genome sequencing identifies genetic variants associated with neurogenic inflammation in rosacea. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3958. [PMID: 37402769 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39761-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with high incidence rate. Although genetic predisposition to rosacea is suggested by existing evidence, the genetic basis remains largely unknown. Here we present the integrated results of whole genome sequencing (WGS) in 3 large rosacea families and whole exome sequencing (WES) in 49 additional validation families. We identify single rare deleterious variants of LRRC4, SH3PXD2A and SLC26A8 in large families, respectively. The relevance of SH3PXD2A, SLC26A8 and LRR family genes in rosacea predisposition is underscored by presence of additional variants in independent families. Gene ontology analysis suggests that these genes encode proteins taking part in neural synaptic processes and cell adhesion. In vitro functional analysis shows that mutations in LRRC4, SH3PXD2A and SLC26A8 induce the production of vasoactive neuropeptides in human neural cells. In a mouse model recapitulating a recurrent Lrrc4 mutation from human patients, we find rosacea-like skin inflammation, underpinned by excessive vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) release by peripheral neurons. These findings strongly support familial inheritance and neurogenic inflammation in rosacea development and provide mechanistic insight into the etiopathogenesis of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tangxiele Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinqin Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - San Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ben Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangfen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingxue Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiya Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Hunan Binsis Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lunquan Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Abulaiti A, Maimaiti A, Yiming N, Fu Q, Li S, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhou Q. Molecular subtypes based on PANoptosis-related genes and tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics in lower-grade glioma. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:84. [PMID: 36930242 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The growth of cancer, the effectiveness of treatment, and prognosis are all closely related to PANoptosis (include pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis). It remains unclear whether PANoptosis genes (PANGs) may contribute to lower-grade glioma (LGG) tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we collected 1203 LGG samples from three public databases and reported that PANoptosis involves TME interaction and prognosis. Firstly, we provided a comprehensive review of the pan-cancer landscape of PANGs in terms of expression characteristics, prognostic value, mutational profile, and pathway regulation. Then, we identified two distinct PANclusters, each with its own molecular, clinical, and immunological profile. We then developed a scoring system for LGG patients called PANscore. As well as investigating immune characteristics, tumor mutational characteristics, and drug sensitivity, we examined the differences between groups with high PANscores and those with low PANscores. Based on this PANscore and clinicopathological variables, an instant nomogram for predicting clinical survival in LGG patients was developed. Our thorough examination of PANGs in LGG revealed their probable function in TME, as well as their clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. These discoveries could deepen our comprehension of PANGs in LGG and provide doctors fresh perspectives on how to forecast prognosis and create more efficient, individualized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimitaji Abulaiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Aierpati Maimaiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Nadire Yiming
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Yabin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
| | - Qingjiu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, South Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
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Deng K, Wu M. Leucine-rich repeats containing 4 protein (LRRC4) in memory, psychoneurosis, and glioblastoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:4-12. [PMID: 36780420 PMCID: PMC10106153 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Leucine-rich repeats containing 4 ( LRRC4 , also named netrin-G ligand 2 [NGL-2]) is a member of the NetrinGs ligands (NGLs) family. As a gene with relatively high and specific expression in brain, it is a member of the leucine-rich repeat superfamily and has been proven to be a suppressor gene for gliomas, thus being involved in gliomagenesis. LRRC4 is the core of microRNA-dependent multi-phase regulatory loops that inhibit the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma (GB) cells, including LRRC4/NGL2-activator protein 2 (AP2)-microRNA (miR) 182-LRRC4 and LRRC4-miR185-DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-LRRC4/specific protein 1 (SP1)-DNMT1-LRRC4. In this review, we demonstrated LRRC4 as a new member of the partitioning-defective protein (PAR) polarity complex that promotes axon differentiation, mediates the formation and plasticity of synapses, and assists information input to the hippocampus and storage of memory. As an important synapse regulator, aberrant expression of LRRC4 has been detected in autism, spinal injury and GBs. LRRC4 is a candidate susceptibility gene for autism and a neuro-protective factor in spinal nerve damage. In GBs, LRRC4 is a novel inhibitor of autophagy, and an inhibitor of protein-protein interactions involving in temozolomide resistance, tumor immune microenvironment, and formation of circular RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Deng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Feng J, Ren X, Fu H, Li D, Chen X, Zu X, Liu Q, Wu M. LRRC4 mediates the formation of circular RNA CD44 to inhibitGBM cell proliferation. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:473-487. [PMID: 34631278 PMCID: PMC8479294 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence reveals that dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is involved in the development of glioblastoma. Leucine-rich repeat-containing 4 (LRRC4) has been shown to suppress tumors in glioblastoma. However, whether LRRC4 can regulate the formation of circRNA is not yet understood. In this study, LRRC4 was found to interact with SAM68. LRRC4 promoted the generation of circCD44 by inhibiting the binding between SAM68 and CD44 pre-mRNA. Moreover, downregulated expression of circCD44 was found in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissues and GBM primary cells. Re-expression of circCD44 significantly suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, and invasion of GBM cells and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circCD44 could regulate the expression of SMAD6 via sponging miR-326 and miR-330-5p involved in the progression of GBM. Thus, the LRRC4/SAM68/circCD44/miR-326/miR-330-5p/SMAD6 signaling axis could be a potential target for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Feng
- Cancer Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xing Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Di Li
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiguang Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Cancer Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Corresponding author: Qing Liu, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Minghua Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Corresponding author: Minghua Wu, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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Dadras MS, Caja L, Mezheyeuski A, Liu S, Gélabert C, Gomez-Puerto MC, Gallini R, Rubin CJ, Ten Dijke P, Heldin CH, Moustakas A. The polarity protein Par3 coordinates positively self-renewal and negatively invasiveness in glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:932. [PMID: 34642295 PMCID: PMC8511086 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a brain malignancy characterized by invasiveness to the surrounding brain tissue and by stem-like cells, which propagate the tumor and may also regulate invasiveness. During brain development, polarity proteins, such as Par3, regulate asymmetric cell division of neuro-glial progenitors and neurite motility. We, therefore, studied the role of the Par3 protein (encoded by PARD3) in GBM. GBM patient transcriptomic data and patient-derived culture analysis indicated diverse levels of expression of PARD3 across and independent from subtypes. Multiplex immunolocalization in GBM tumors identified Par3 protein enrichment in SOX2-, CD133-, and NESTIN-positive (stem-like) cells. Analysis of GBM cultures of the three subtypes (proneural, classical, mesenchymal), revealed decreased gliomasphere forming capacity and enhanced invasiveness upon silencing Par3. GBM cultures with suppressed Par3 showed low expression of stemness (SOX2 and NESTIN) but higher expression of differentiation (GFAP) genes. Moreover, Par3 silencing reduced the expression of a set of genes encoding mitochondrial enzymes that generate ATP. Accordingly, silencing Par3 reduced ATP production and concomitantly increased reactive oxygen species. The latter was required for the enhanced migration observed upon silencing of Par3 as anti-oxidants blocked the enhanced migration. These findings support the notion that Par3 exerts homeostatic redox control, which could limit the tumor cell-derived pool of oxygen radicals, and thereby the tumorigenicity of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Shahidi Dadras
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Laia Caja
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Artur Mezheyeuski
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Gélabert
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Radiosa Gallini
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Rubin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Zhang Y, Li D, Zeng Q, Feng J, Fu H, Luo Z, Xiao B, Yang H, Wu M. LRRC4 functions as a neuron-protective role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mol Med 2021; 27:44. [PMID: 33932995 PMCID: PMC8088686 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine rich repeat containing 4 (LRRC4), also known as netrin-G ligand-2 (NGL-2), belongs to the superfamily of LRR proteins and serves as a receptor for netrin-G2. LRRC4 regulates the formation of excitatory synapses and promotes axon differentiation. Mutations in LRRC4 occur in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease with spinal cords demyelination and neurodegeneration. Here, we sought to investigate whether LRRC4 is involved in spinal cords neuron-associated diseases. METHODS LRRC4 was detected in the CNS of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice by the use of real-time PCR and western blotting. LRRC4-/- mice were created and immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG)35-55. Pathological changes in spinal cords of LRRC4-/- and WT mice 15 days after immunization were examined by using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining and immunohistochemistry. The number of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cells in spleens and blood were measured with flow cytometry. Differential gene expression in the spinal cords from WT and LRRC4-/- mice was analyzed by using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors were used to overexpress LRRC4 (AAV-LRRC4) and were injected into EAE mice to assess the therapeutic effect of AAV-LRRC4 ectopic expression on EAE. RESULTS We report that LRRC4 is mainly expressed in neuron of spinal cords, and is decreased in the spinal cords of the EAE mice. Knockout of LRRC4 have a disease progression quickened and exacerbated with more severe myelin degeneration and infiltration of leukocytes into the spinal cords. We also first found that Rab7b is high expressed in EAE mice, and the deficiency of LRRC4 induces the elevated NF-κB p65 by up-regulating Rab7b, and up-regulation of IL-6, IFN-γ and down-regulation of TNF-α, results in more severe Th1 immune response in LRRC4-/- mice. Ectopic expression of LRRC4 alleviates the clinical symptoms of EAE mice and protects the neurons from immune damages. CONCLUSIONS We identified a neuroprotective role of LRRC4 in the progression of EAE, which may be used as a potential target for auxiliary support therapeutic treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Di Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuming Zeng
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jianbo Feng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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7
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Morales-Martinez M, Lichtenstein A, Vega MI. Function of Deptor and its roles in hematological malignancies. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:1528-1564. [PMID: 33412518 PMCID: PMC7834987 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deptor is a protein that interacts with mTOR and that belongs to the mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes. Deptor is capable of inhibiting the kinase activity of mTOR. It is well known that the mTOR pathway is involved in various signaling pathways that are involved with various biological processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, autophagy, and the ER stress response. Therefore, Deptor, being a natural inhibitor of mTOR, has become very important in its study. Because of this, it is important to research its role regarding the development and progression of human malignancies, especially in hematologic malignancies. Due to its variation in expression in cancer, it has been suggested that Deptor can act as an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on the cellular or tissue context. This review discusses recent advances in its transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of Deptor. As well as the advances regarding the activities of Deptor in hematological malignancies, its possible role as a biomarker, and its possible clinical relevance in these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Morales-Martinez
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, México City, México
| | - Alan Lichtenstein
- Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, UCLA Medical Center, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Mario I Vega
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, México City, México.,Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, UCLA Medical Center, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
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8
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Feng J, Zhang Y, Ren X, Li D, Fu H, Liu C, Zhou W, Liu Q, Liu Q, Wu M. Leucine-rich repeat containing 4 act as an autophagy inhibitor that restores sensitivity of glioblastoma to temozolomide. Oncogene 2020; 39:4551-4566. [PMID: 32372061 PMCID: PMC7269909 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) insensitivity and resistance are major causes of treatment failure and poor prognosis for GBM patients. Here, we identify LRRC4 as a novel autophagy inhibitor that restores the sensitivity of GBMs to TMZ. LRRC4 was associated with the DEPTOR/mTOR complex, and this interaction resulted in autophagy inhibition. Further investigation demonstrated that the PDZ binding domain of LRRC4 binds to the PDZ domain of DEPTOR. This binding decreases the half-life of DEPTOR via ubiquitination, thus inhibiting GBM cell autophagy and increasing the TMZ treatment response of GBM. Combined LRRC4 expression and TMZ treatment prolonged the survival of mice with tumour xenografts. Furthermore, the levels of LRRC4, DEPTOR and autophagy are clinically relevant for GBM, indicating that LRRC4 is likely to have significant potential as a therapeutic marker and target for TMZ treatment in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Feng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Ren
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Di Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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9
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Zhao C, She X, Zhang Y, Liu C, Li P, Chen S, Sai B, Li Y, Feng J, Liu J, Sun Y, Xiao S, Li L, Wu M. LRRC4 Suppresses E-Cadherin-Dependent Collective Cell Invasion and Metastasis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:144. [PMID: 32117780 PMCID: PMC7033568 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most malignant gynecological carcinoma and is of a high incidence of death due to detection at late stages when metastasis already occurs. However, the mechanism underlying metastasis of EOC remains unclear. Analysis of the open database and experiments with immunochemistry showed that LRRC4 is lowly expressed in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) cells and during EOC metastasis. The 3D cell culture system and the orthotopic ovarian xenograft model infected with LRRC4-containing adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) were used to confirm collective invasion and metastasis of cells in vitro and in vivo. Phos-tag SDS-PAGE was used to detect the phosphorylation of LRRC4 and PIK3R1. A number of experiments with methods such as co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting were performed to explore the mechanism for the actions of LRRC4 and PIK3R1 in EOC metastasis. An inverse correlation between LRRC4 and E-cadherin expression was detected in the regions of invasion in primary EOC tissues and metastatic ascites. LRRC4 binds to the cSH2 domain of PIK3R1 and inhibits the activity of PIK3R1, without disrupting the physical interactions between PIK3R1 and PIK3CA. LRRC4 inhibits EOC metastasis by targeting E-cadherin-dependent collective cell invasion and does so by inhibiting the PIK3R1-mediated AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. LRRC4 functions as a tumor suppressor gene to inhibit EOC collective invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo and does so by directly binding to the cSH2 domain of PIK3R1 to exert its regulatory function. Our findings provide a potential novel approach for metastasis prognosis and a new strategy for the treatment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling She
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Buqing Sai
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yunchao Li
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianbo Feng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingnan Sun
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshu Xiao
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liping Li
- The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of XiangYa Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
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10
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Homozygous frameshift variant in NTNG2, encoding a synaptic cell adhesion molecule, in individuals with developmental delay, hypotonia, and autistic features. Neurogenetics 2019; 20:209-213. [DOI: 10.1007/s10048-019-00583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Hypermethylated gene ANKDD1A is a candidate tumor suppressor that interacts with FIH1 and decreases HIF1α stability to inhibit cell autophagy in the glioblastoma multiforme hypoxia microenvironment. Oncogene 2018; 38:103-119. [PMID: 30082910 PMCID: PMC6318269 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in facilitating tumorigenesis. Here, we first demonstrated that ANKDD1A is a functional tumor suppressor gene, especially in the hypoxia microenvironment. ANKDD1A directly interacts with FIH1 and inhibits the transcriptional activity of HIF1α by upregulating FIH1. In addition, ANKDD1A decreases the half-life of HIF1α by upregulating FIH1, decreases glucose uptake and lactate production, inhibits glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) autophagy, and induces apoptosis in GBM cells under hypoxia. Moreover, ANKDD1A is highly frequently methylated in GBM. The tumor-specific methylation of ANKDD1A indicates that it could be used as a potential epigenetic biomarker as well as a possible therapeutic target.
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12
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Hapak SM, Rothlin CV, Ghosh S. PAR3-PAR6-atypical PKC polarity complex proteins in neuronal polarization. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2735-2761. [PMID: 29696344 PMCID: PMC11105418 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polarity is a fundamental feature of cells. Protein complexes, including the PAR3-PAR6-aPKC complex, have conserved roles in establishing polarity across a number of eukaryotic cell types. In neurons, polarity is evident as distinct axonal versus dendritic domains. The PAR3, PAR6, and aPKC proteins also play important roles in neuronal polarization. During this process, either aPKC kinase activity, the assembly of the PAR3-PAR6-aPKC complex or the localization of these proteins is regulated downstream of a number of signaling pathways. In turn, the PAR3, PAR6, and aPKC proteins control various effector molecules to establish neuronal polarity. Herein, we discuss the many signaling mechanisms and effector functions that have been linked to PAR3, PAR6, and aPKC during the establishment of neuronal polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Hapak
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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13
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Li P, Feng J, Liu Y, Liu Q, Fan L, Liu Q, She X, Liu C, Liu T, Zhao C, Wang W, Li G, Wu M. Novel Therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme by Restoring LRRC4 in Tumor Cells: LRRC4 Inhibits Tumor-Infitrating Regulatory T Cells by Cytokine and Programmed Cell Death 1-Containing Exosomes. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1748. [PMID: 29312296 PMCID: PMC5732324 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a heterogeneous malignant brain tumor, the pathological incidence of which induces the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). As a tumor suppressor gene, LRRC4 is absent in GBM cells. Here, we report that the recovery of LRRC4 in GBM cells inhibited the infiltration of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Ti-Treg), promoted the expansion of tumor-infiltrating effector T (Ti-Teff) cells and CD4+CCR4+ T cells, and enhanced the chemotaxis of CD4+CCR4+ T cells in the GBM immune microenvironment. LRRC4 was not transferred into TILs from GBM cells through exosomes but mainly exerted its inhibiting function on Ti-Treg cell expansion by directly promoting cytokine secretion. GBM cell-derived exosomes (cytokine-free and programmed cell death 1 containing) also contributed to the modulation of LRRC4 on Ti-Treg, Ti-Teff, and CD4+CCR4+ T cells. In GBM cells, LRRC4 directly bound to phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDPK1), phosphorylated IKKβser181, facilitated NF-κB activation, and promoted the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), CCL2, and interferon gamma. In addition, HSP90 was required to maintain the interaction between LRRC4 and PDPK1. However, the inhibition of Ti-Treg cell expansion and promotion of CD4+CCR4+ T cell chemotaxis by LRRC4 could be blocked by anti-IL-6 antibody or anti-CCL2 antibody, respectively. miR-101 is a suppressor gene in GBM. Our previous studies have shown that EZH2, EED, and DNMT3A are direct targets of miR-101. Here, we showed that miR-101 reversed the hypermethylation of the LRRC4 promoter and induced the re-expression of LRRC4 in GBM cells by directly targeting EZH2, EED, and DNMT3A. Our results reveal a novel mechanism underlying GBM microenvironment and provide a new therapeutic strategy using re-expression of LRRC4 in GBM cells to create a permissive intratumoral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianbo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Qing Liu
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling She
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Sangu N, Shimojima K, Takahashi Y, Ohashi T, Tohyama J, Yamamoto T. A 7q31.33q32.1 microdeletion including LRRC4 and GRM8 is associated with severe intellectual disability and characteristics of autism. Hum Genome Var 2017; 4:17001. [PMID: 28224041 PMCID: PMC5298938 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-year-old boy with severe intellectual disability (ID) and characteristics of autism was found to have a de novo 1.9-Mb microdeletion in 7q31.33q32.1, in which LRRC4, GRM8, and 11 other genes were included. GRM8 is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. LRRC4 is related to synaptic cell adhesion molecules, some of which are associated with autism. The deletion of LRRC4 may be responsible for the severe ID and characteristics of autism observed in the present patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Sangu
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Shimojima
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ohashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun Tohyama
- Department of Child Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Nishi-Niigata Chuo National Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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