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Zelenina D, Kuzmenkova N, Sobolev D, Boldyrev K, Namsaraev Z, Artemiev G, Samylina O, Popova N, Safonov A. Biogeochemical Factors of Cs, Sr, U, Pu Immobilization in Bottom Sediments of the Upa River, Located in the Zone of Chernobyl Accident. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:biology12010010. [PMID: 36671703 PMCID: PMC9854679 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory modeling of Cs, Sr, U, Pu immobilization by phytoplankton of the river Upa, affected after the Chernobyl accident, has been carried out. Certain conditions are selected for strong fixation of radionuclides in bottom sediments due to biogeochemical processes. The process of radionuclide removal from the water phase via precipitation was based on their accumulation by phytoplankton, stimulated by nitrogen and phosphorus sources. After eight days of stimulation, planktonic phototrophic biomass, dominated by cyanobacteria of the genus Planktothrix, appears in the water sample. The effectiveness of U, Pu and Sr purification via their transfer to bottom sediment was observed within one month. The addition of ammonium sulfate and phosphate (Ammophos) led to the activation of sulfate- and iron-reducing bacteria of the genera Desulfobacterota, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfosporomusa, Desulfosporosinus, Thermodesulfobium, Thiomonas, Thiobacillus, Sulfuritallea, Pseudomonas, which form sulphide ferrous precipitates such as pyrite, wurtzite, hydrotroillite, etc., in anaerobic bottom sediments. The biogenic mineral composition of the sediments obtained under laboratory conditions was verified via thermodynamic modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Zelenina
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, RAS, Obrucheva Str. 40, Moscow 117342, Russia
| | - Natalia Kuzmenkova
- Radiochemistry Division, Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
- V. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, RAS, Kosygina Str. 19, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Denis Sobolev
- Nuclear Safety Institute, RAS, Bolshaya Tulskaya St. 52, Moscow 115191, Russia
| | - Kirill Boldyrev
- Nuclear Safety Institute, RAS, Bolshaya Tulskaya St. 52, Moscow 115191, Russia
| | - Zorigto Namsaraev
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Akad. Kurchatov Sq., 2, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Grigoriy Artemiev
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, RAS, Obrucheva Str. 40, Moscow 117342, Russia
| | - Olga Samylina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre for Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-Letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Popova
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, RAS, Obrucheva Str. 40, Moscow 117342, Russia
| | - Alexey Safonov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, RAS, Obrucheva Str. 40, Moscow 117342, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Liu Z, Sun Y, Kong J, Lee CP, Hua R, Liu W, Wang Z, Jiang Q, Li B. A sensitive improved method for analyzing diffusion coefficients of Cs in compacted bentonite with different lengths. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Based on the one-dimensional diffusion theory, the diffusion parameters were obtained from numerical fitting by the Cyclic Initial Value (CIV) program written by MATLAB. Taking the through-diffusion experimental of cesium (stable isotope 133Cs) as an example, on the premise of ensuring accuracy, fitting calculation was used to obtain the diffusion equilibrium time of Cs in different lengths bentonite column. The fitting results of diffusion test for tritium water (HTO) and Cs are both very well. The calculation results of the equilibrium time for Cs diffusion show that the equilibrium time obtained by CIV is less than the experimental period in both groundwater (GW) and seawater (SW). In GW environment, when the sensitivity is at the maximum setting value, the diffusion coefficient of Cs in 1.5 cm bentonite column could be calculated in a shorter period of time. Compared with the experimental period, the time was shortened by 110 days. The main purpose is to verify the feasibility of CIV through the experimental data of Cs in different column lengths. The CIV program can also be used to fit and calculate the experimental data of other ongoing diffusion experiments and get the equilibrium time required for diffusion experiments. It shows that the proposed models offer the advantages of saving experimental time and reducing experimental waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- School of Geosciences, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Yuzhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
- Jiangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Fuzhou 344000 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Jie Kong
- Huaneng Shandong Shidao Bay Nuclear Power Co., Ltd , Rongcheng 264300 , Shandong , China
| | - Chuan-Pin Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Rong Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Weigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Zhifen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Qifeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Boping Li
- Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology , Beijing , 100029 , China
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Investigation of Re(VII) diffusion in Tamusu clayrock core by through-diffusion method. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2021-1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tamusu area is the primary pre-selection site of clayrock disposal repository for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in China. However, the research on the migration behavior of nuclides in Tamusu clayrock is still in its infancy. For the first time in laboratory, the diffusion behavior of Re(VII) in Tamusu clayrock core was studied by means of through-diffusion method. The effects of pH, ionic strength and humic acid on the diffusion behavior of Re(VII) in clayrock were studied. The effective diffusion coefficient, apparent diffusion coefficient and rock capacity factor value were obtained. All the experimental conditions of Re(VII) diffusion in Tamusu clayrock are compared with other geological samples under the same conditions in literature data. The diffusion mechanism of radionuclide in Tamusu clay is discussed, which can provide experimental data for site selection and safety assessment of high-level radioactive waste repository in China. The experimental results showed an effective application and reference for the countries disposed HLW in mudrocks or clayrocks, such as France, Belgium etc. in Europe. Moreover, this research can provide the original data support for the metallogenic regularity and prospecting prognosis of rare element rhenium in different geological environments.
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Zhang H, Dong Y, He H, Li H, Zhao S, Liu J, Jia M, Yang J, Yang Y, Liu N, Liao J. Sorption of cesium on Tamusu clay in synthetic groundwater with high ionic strength. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The sorption behaviour of cesium on Tamusu clay was first investigated by batch experiments under synthetic groundwater and deionized water conditions. The results showed that the sorption could be well described by the pseud-second-order kinetic model or by the Freundlich isotherm model, and the Kd
values decreased rapidly when temperature was greater than 328 K. However, the influence of initial cesium concentration, initial pH and Humic acid (HA) on the sorption behaviour in the synthetic groundwater exhibited a significant difference from those in the deionized water. In particular, the Kd
value in the synthetic groundwater (5.47 mL/g) was much lower than that in the deionized water (58.97 mL/g). The SEM/EDS, effect of ion strength and pH-independent results in the synthetic groundwater indicated the cesium sorption on Tamusu clay was mainly involved in an ion exchange process. Additionally, the research reported in this work implies that the retardation of cesium on Tamusu clay was significantly lower than that on other clay rock in the world. The results suggest that the sorption behaviour of cesium or other nuclides on Tamusu clay should be evaluated in synthetic or actual groundwater but not in deionized water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Yang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Hanyi He
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Honghui Li
- China Institute for Radiation Protection , Taiyuan 030006 , P.R. China
| | - Shuaiwei Zhao
- China Institute for Radiation Protection , Taiyuan 030006 , P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Meilan Jia
- China Institute for Radiation Protection , Taiyuan 030006 , P.R. China
| | - Jijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Yuanyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China , Tel.: +862885412613, Fax: +862885412374,
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Jiali Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China , Tel.: +862885412613, Fax: +862885412374,
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Wang C, Yang X, Wei F, He J, Qi L, Liu C. The influence of pH on diffusion of 75Se(IV) in Beishan granite. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Wang C, Yang X, He J, Wei F, Zheng Z, Liu C. The diffusion of 75Se(IV) in Beishan granite – temperature, oxygen condition and ionic strength effects. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2018-2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To explore the diffusion behavior of 75Se(IV) in Beishan granite (BsG), the influences of temperature, oxygen condition and ionic strength were investigated using the through-diffusion experimental method. The effective diffusion coefficient D
e
of 75Se(IV) in BsG varied from 4.21×10−14 m2/s to 3.19×10−13 m2/s in our experimental conditions, increased with increasing temperature. The formation factor F
f
of BsG was calculated to be nearly constant in the range of temperatures investigated, suggesting that the inner structure of BsG had no significant change in the temperature range of 20–55°C. Meanwhile, the D
e
values of 75Se(IV) in BsG under anaerobic condition was significantly larger than that under aerobic condition, which may be attributed to the difference in the sorption characteristics and species distribution of Se and pH values. Moreover, the diffusion of 75Se(IV) was promoted with ionic strength increased from 0.01 M to 0.1 M, and then decreased at 0.5 M, mainly due to the combined effects of reduced double layers with increased ionic strength and increase of the solution viscosity at higher ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P.R. China
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center , Beijing 100082 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P.R. China
| | - Jiangang He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P.R. China
| | - Fangxin Wei
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center , Beijing 100082 , P.R. China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P.R. China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P.R. China , Fax: +86-010-62765905
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Yang X, Ge X, He J, Wang C, Qi L, Wang X, Liu C. Effects of Mineral Compositions on Matrix Diffusion and Sorption of 75Se(IV) in Granite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1320-1329. [PMID: 29287146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the migration behaviors of selenium in granite is critical for the safe disposal of radioactive waste. The matrix diffusion and sorption of 75Se(IV) (analogue for 79Se) in granite were systematically studied to set reliable parameters in this work. Through-diffusion and batch sorption experiments were conduct with four types of Beishan granite. The magnitudes of the obtained apparent diffusion coefficient (Da) values are of the following order: monzogranite > granodiorite-2 > granodiorite-1, which is opposite to the sequence of the Kd values obtained from both the diffusion model and batch sorption experiments. The EPMA results of the granitic flakes showed that there was no obvious enrichment of Se(IV) on quartz, microcline and albite. Only biotite showed a weak affinity for Se(IV). Macroscopic sorption behaviors of Se(IV) on the four types of granite were identical with the sequence of the granitic biotite contents. Quantitative fitting results were also provided. XPS and XANES spectroscopy data revealed that bidentate inner-sphere complexes were formed between Se(IV) and Fe(III). Our results indicate that biotite can be representative of the Se(IV) sorption in complex mineral assemblages such as granite, and the biotite contents are critically important to evaluate Se(IV) transport in granite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiangkun Ge
- Analtical Laboratory, Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology , Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiangang He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center , Beijing, 100082, China
| | - Liye Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
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He J, Ma B, Kang M, Wang C, Nie Z, Liu C. Migration of 75Se(IV) in crushed Beishan granite: Effects of the iron content. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:564-572. [PMID: 27887813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion of selenite (labeled with 75Se) in compacted Beishan granite (BsG) was investigated using the in-diffusion capillary method at pH values from ∼2.0 to ∼11.0 under oxic and anoxic conditions. The results indicate that the apparent diffusion coefficient (Da) values of selenite in BsG always reached the minimum at approximately pH 5. Unexpectedly, the Da values under oxic conditions are nearly one order of magnitude lower than those under the anoxic conditions. Further characterization reveals the existence of redox-sensitive Fe(II)-containing components, which can be responsible for the great difference in Da values. Fe(2p) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show that more Fe(III)-oxyhydroxide coating is formed on the granite's surface under aerobic conditions than is formed under anaerobic conditions. Correspondingly, Se(3d) spectra indicate that more selenium is sorbed under oxic conditions, and the sorbed amount always reached the maximum at pH values from ∼4 to ∼5. A linear combination fit of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy data revealed that Se(0) was formed under anoxic condition and that selenite preferred to form inner-sphere complexes with Fe(III)-oxyhydroxide. Overall, this study indicates that natural Fe-bearing minerals can greatly attenuate selenite diffusion and the retardation would be enhanced under aerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingliang Kang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhe Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Fan QH, Hao LM, Wang CL, Zheng Z, Liu CL, Wu WS. The adsorption behavior of U(VI) on granite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:534-541. [PMID: 24509808 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00324h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pH, counter ions and temperature on the adsorption of U(VI) on Beishan granite (BsG) were investigated in the presence and absence of fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA). The adsorption edge of U(VI) on BsG suggested that U(VI) adsorption was mainly controlled by ion exchange and outer-sphere complexation at low pH, whereas inner-sphere complex was the dominant adsorption species in the pH range of 4.0-9.0. Above pH 9.0, Na2U2O7 might play an important role in the rise of U(VI) adsorption again. Counter ions such as Cl(-), SO4(2-) and PO4(3-) can provoke U(VI) adsorption on BsG to some extent, which was directly correlated to the complexing ability of U(VI)-ligand. More noticeably, the large enhancement of U(VI) adsorption in the presence of phosphate can be attributed to the ternary complex formation (BsG-PO4-UO2), precipitation ((UO2)3(PO4)2(s)) and secondary phase (Na-autunite). Both FA and HA can slightly increase U(VI) adsorption at low pH, whereas they strongly inhibited U(VI) adsorption at high pH range. Artificial synthesized granite (AsG) prepared in the laboratory is impossible to use as an analogue of natural granite because of the large difference in the adsorption and surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q H Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry & Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory for Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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