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Actual Symmetry of Symmetric Molecular Adducts in the Gas Phase, Solution and in the Solid State. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses molecular adducts, whose composition allows a symmetric structure. Such adducts are popular model systems, as they are useful for analyzing the effect of structure on the property selected for study since they allow one to reduce the number of parameters. The main objectives of this discussion are to evaluate the influence of the surroundings on the symmetry of these adducts, steric hindrances within the adducts, competition between different noncovalent interactions responsible for stabilizing the adducts, and experimental methods that can be used to study the symmetry at different time scales. This review considers the following central binding units: hydrogen (proton), halogen (anion), metal (cation), water (hydrogen peroxide).
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Elguero J, Alkorta I, Del Bene JE. Calculated coupling constants 1 J(X-Y) and 1 K(X-Y), and fundamental relationships among the reduced coupling constants for molecules H m X-YH n , with X, Y ═ 1 H, 7 Li, 9 Be, 11 B, 13 C, 15 N, 17 O, 19 F, 31 P, 33 S, and 35 Cl. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2020; 58:727-732. [PMID: 32247293 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) calculations have been performed to determine coupling constants 1 J(X-Y) for 65 molecules Hm X-YHn , with X,Y ═ 1 H, 7 Li, 9 Be, 11 B, 13 C, 15 N, 17 O, 19 F, 31 P, 33 S, and 35 Cl. The computed 1 J(X-Y) values are in good agreement with available experimental data. The reduced coupling constants 1 K(X-Y) have been derived from 1 J(X-Y) by removing the dependence on the magnetogyric ratios of X and Y. Patterns are found for the reduced coupling constants on a 1 K(X-Y) surface that are related to the positions of X and Y in the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Janet E Del Bene
- Department of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio, USA
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Jimeno ML, Benito MT, Doyagüez EG, Claramunt RM, Sanz D, Marín-Luna M, Alkorta I, Elguero J. A theoretical and experimental NMR study of BODIPY 493/503: difluoro{2-[1-(3,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene-N)ethyl]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrolato-N}boron. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:684-688. [PMID: 27133002 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Jimeno
- Centro de Química Orgánica 'Lora-Tamayo', CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Benito
- Centro de Química Orgánica 'Lora-Tamayo', CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa García Doyagüez
- Centro de Química Orgánica 'Lora-Tamayo', CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Claramunt
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Bio-Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dionisia Sanz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Bio-Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Marín-Luna
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
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Nozirov F, Kupka T, Stachów M. Theoretical prediction of nuclear magnetic shieldings and indirect spin-spin coupling constants in 1,1-, cis-, and trans-1,2-difluoroethylenes. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:144303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4870396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rusakov YY, Krivdin LB. Modern quantum chemical methods for calculating spin–spin coupling constants: theoretical basis and structural applications in chemistry. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n02abeh004350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Contreras RH, Tormena CF, Ducati LC. Transmission Mechanisms of the Fermi-Contact Term of Spin–Spin Couplings. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, CONDENSED MATTER & BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59411-2.00008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Sneskov K, Stanton JF. Effects of vibrational averaging on coupled cluster calculations of spin–spin coupling constants for hydrocarbons. Mol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2012.678904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Sneskov
- a The Lundbeck Foundation Center for Theoretical Chemistry and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - John F. Stanton
- b Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712-0165 , USA
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Kuehnel MF, Schlöder T, Riedel S, Nieto-Ortega B, Ramírez FJ, López Navarrete JT, Casado J, Lentz D. Synthesis of the Smallest Axially Chiral Molecule by Asymmetric Carbon-Fluorine Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:2218-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kuehnel MF, Schlöder T, Riedel S, Nieto-Ortega B, Ramírez FJ, López Navarrete JT, Casado J, Lentz D. Synthese des kleinsten axial-chiralen Moleküls durch asymmetrische Kohlenstoff-Fluor-Bindungsaktivierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Faber R, Sauer SPA. On the discrepancy between theory and experiment for the F–F spin–spin coupling constant of difluoroethyne. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:16440-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42198d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Alkorta I, Blanco F, Elguero J. A SOPPA theoretical study of the spin–spin coupling constants of all fluorobenzenes C6HnF6−n (n=0–5). J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Del Bene JE, Provasi PF, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Resolving an apparent discrepancy between theory and experiment: spin-spin coupling constants for FCCF. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:1003-1006. [PMID: 18792421 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio equation of motion coupled cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) and second-order polarization propagator approximation (SOPPA) calculations have been performed to evaluate spin-spin coupling constants for FCCF (difluoroethyne). The computed EOM-CCSD value of (3)J(F-F) obtained at the experimental geometry of this molecule supports the previously reported experimental value of 2.1 Hz, thereby resolving an apparent discrepancy between theory and experiment. This coupling constant exhibits a strong dependence on the C-C and C-F distances, and its small positive value results from a sensitive balance of paramagnetic spin-orbit (PSO) and spin-dipole (SD) terms. The three other unique FCCF coupling constants (1)J(C-C), (1)J(C-F), and (2)J(C-F) have also been reported and compared with experimental data. While (1)J(C-F) is in agreement with experiment, the computed value of (2)J(C-F) is larger than our estimate of the experimental coupling constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Del Bene
- Department of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, USA.
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Jimeno ML, Alkorta I, Elguero J, Del Bene JE. Computed coupling constants in X(CH3)nH(4-n) moieties where X = 13C and 15N+, and n = 0-4: comparisons with experimental data. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2006; 44:698-707. [PMID: 16671054 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Seventy-three unique spin-spin coupling constants have been analyzed for the ten species in the two series X(CH3)nH(4-n), where the central atom X is 13C or 15N+. Thirty-seven experimental values have been obtained from the literature, and several new coupling constants have been measured for the methyl-substituted ammonium ions. Both DFT with the B3LYP functional and ab initio EOM-CCSD calculations have been carried out on these same systems. Coupling constants computed by these two methods are in agreement with experimental values. Some problems related to coupling constants for the cationic ammonium systems have been resolved when these were recomputed at EOM-CCSD for complexes in which NH4+ is hydrogen-bonded to H2O molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Luisa Jimeno
- Centro de Química Orgánica "Manuel Lora-Tamayo", CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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Del Bene JE, Elguero J. Characterizing Hydrogen Bonding and Proton Transfer in 2:1 FH:NH3 and FH:Collidine Complexes through One- and Two-Bond Spin−Spin Coupling Constants across Hydrogen Bonds. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:10759-69. [PMID: 16863125 DOI: 10.1021/jp055440x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio equation-of-motion coupled cluster singles and doubles calculations have been carried out on a variety of 2:1 FH:NH(3) complexes (F(b)H(b):F(a)H(a):NH(3)) to investigate the effects of structural changes on one- and two-bond spin-spin coupling constants across F(a)-H(a)-N and F(b)-H(b)-F(a) hydrogen bonds and to provide insight into experimentally measured coupling constants for 2:1 FH:collidine (2:1 FH:2,4,6-trimethylpyridine) complexes. Coupling constants have been computed for 2:1 FH:NH(3) equilibrium structures and proton-transferred perpendicular and open structures at 2:1 FH:NH(3), FH:pyridine, and FH:collidine geometries. (2h)J(Fa)(-)(N), (1)J(Fa)(-)(Ha), and (1h)J(Ha)(-)(N) exhibit expected dependencies on distances, angles, and the nature of the nitrogen base. In contrast, one- and two-bond coupling constants associated with the F(b)-H(b)-F(a) hydrogen bond, particularly (2h)J(F)()b(-)(F)()a, vary significantly depending on the F-F distance, the orientation of the hydrogen-bonded pair, and the nature of the complex (HF dimer versus the anion FHF(-)). The structure of the 2:1 FH:collidine complex proposed on the basis of experimentally measured coupling constants is supported by the computed coupling constants. This study of the structures of open proton-transferred 2:1 FH:NH(3), FH:pyridine, and FH:collidine complexes and the coupling constants computed for 2:1 FH:NH(3) complexes at these geometries provides insight into the role of the solvent in enhancing proton transfer across both N-H(a)-F(a) and F(b)-H(b)-F(a) hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Del Bene
- Department of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, USA
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Fruchier A, Vicente V, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Theoretical study of 31P, 31P coupling constants in cyclotriphosphazenes. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2005; 43:471-474. [PMID: 15782430 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Several scalar coupling constants (mainly 31P, 31P) were calculated for 10 cyclotriphosphazenes and compared with experimental results when available. Although the experimental values cannot be reproduced, the calculated values are proportional to the experimental values. Some difficult cases, such as 19F, 19F couplings, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Fruchier
- UMR 5076, ENSCM, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, F-34296 Montpellier Cédex 5, France.
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Del Bene JE, Elguero J, Alkorta I, Yanez M, Mo O. 19F–19F spin–spin coupling constant surfaces for (HF)2 clusters: The orientation and distance dependence of the sign and magnitude of JF–F. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:3237-43. [PMID: 15268477 DOI: 10.1063/1.1640342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ab initio calculations using the equation-of-motion coupled cluster method have been carried out to investigate 19F-19F spin-spin coupling constants for a pair of HF molecules. The overall features of the J(F-F) coupling surface with respect to the F-F distance and the orientation of the pair of HF molecules reflect those of the Fermi-contact (FC) surface, although the FC term may not be a good quantitative estimate of J(F-F). The hydrogen-bonded HF dimer exhibits unusual behavior compared to other hydrogen-bonded complexes, since both the FC term and 2hJ(F-F) exhibit variations in sign and magnitude as the F-F distance changes and the linearity of the hydrogen bond is destroyed. The FC term for F-F coupling is relative small and negative for the equilibrium dimer. At the dimer F-F distance, the maximum negative value for the FC term is found for the linear arrangement F-H...H-F, while the maximum positive value is found for the linear H-F...F-H arrangement, despite the fact that neither of these structures is bound. Changes in the sign and magnitude of the FC term are analyzed using the nuclear magnetic resonance triplet wave function model, which relates the orientation of magnetic nuclei to the phases of the wave functions for excited triplet states that couple to the ground state. The FC term for a particular orientation is a result of competing positive and negative contributions from different triplet states, the sign of each contribution being determined by the alignment of the nuclear magnetic moments in that state. Factors are identified which must play a role in determining which types of wave functions dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Del Bene
- Department of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, USA
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