Murata T, Iwadate M, Takizawa Y, Miyakoshi M, Hayase S, Yang W, Cai Y, Yokoyama S, Nagashima K, Wakabayashi Y, Zhu J, Kimura S. An Adult Mouse Thyroid Side Population Cell Line that Exhibits Enriched Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.
Thyroid 2017;
27:460-474. [PMID:
28125936 PMCID:
PMC5346910 DOI:
10.1089/thy.2016.0130]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Studies of thyroid stem/progenitor cells have been hampered due to the small organ size and lack of tissue, which limits the yield of these cells. A continuous source that allows the study and characterization of thyroid stem/progenitor cells is desired to push the field forward.
METHOD
A cell line was established from Hoechst-resistant side population cells derived from mouse thyroid that were previously shown to contain stem/progenitor-like cells. Characterization of these cells were carried out by using in vitro two- and three-dimensional cultures and in vivo reconstitution of mice after orthotopic or intravenous injection, in conjunction with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohisto(cyto)chemistry/immunofluorescence, and RNA seq analysis.
RESULTS
These cells were named SPTL (side population cell-derived thyroid cell line). Under low serum culturing conditions, SPTL cells expressed the thyroid differentiation marker NKX2-1, a transcription factor critical for thyroid differentiation and function, while no expression of other thyroid differentiation marker genes were observed. SPTL cells formed follicle-like structures in Matrigel® cultures, which did not express thyroid differentiation marker genes. In mouse models of orthotopic and intravenous injection, the latter following partial thyroidectomy, a few SPTL cells were found in part of the follicles, most of which expressed NKX2-1. SPTL cells highly express genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as demonstrated by RNA seq analysis, and exhibit a gene-expression pattern similar to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
CONCLUSION
These results demonstrate that SPTL cells have the capacity to differentiate into thyroid to a limited degree. SPTL cells may provide an excellent tool to study stem cells, including cancer stem cells of the thyroid.
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