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Farahzadi R, Fathi E, Vandghanooni S, Valipour B. Hydrogel encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles as a novel therapeutic approach in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024:189177. [PMID: 39218403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapy has emerged as one of the most promising approaches to treating disease in recent decades. The application of stem cells in anti-tumor therapy is determined by their varying capacity for proliferation, migration, and differentiation. These capacities are derived from different sources. The use of stem cell carriers in cancer treatment is justified by the following three reasons: (I) shield therapeutic agents from swift biological deterioration; (II) reduce systemic side effects; and (III) increase local therapeutic levels since stem cells have an innate ability to target tumors. The quantity of stem cells confined to the tumor microenvironment determines this system's anti-tumor activity. Nevertheless, there are limitations to the use of different types of stem cells. When immune cells are used in cell therapy, it may lead to cytokine storms and improper reactions to self-antigens. Furthermore, the use of stem cells may result in cancer. Additionally, after an intravenous injection, cells could not migrate to the injury location. Exosomes derived from different cells were thus proposed as possible therapeutic options. Exosomes are becoming more and more well-liked because of their small size, biocompatibility, and simplicity in storage and separation. A number of investigations have shown that adding various medications and microRNAs to exosomes may enhance their therapeutic effectiveness. Thus, it is essential to evaluate studies looking into the therapeutic effectiveness of encapsulated exosomes. In this review, we looked at studies on encapsulated exosomes' use in regenerative medicine and the treatment of cancer. The results imply that the therapeutic potential increases when encapsulated exosomes are used rather than intact exosomes. Therefore, in order to optimize the effectiveness of the treatment, it is advised to implement this technique in accordance with the kind of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Vandghanooni
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Department of Basic Sciences and Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
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Pishnamazi SM, Ghaderian SMH, Irani S, Ardeshirylajimi A. Polycaprolactone/poly L-lactic acid nanofibrous scaffold improves osteogenic differentiation of the amniotic fluid-derived stem cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:106-114. [PMID: 38123755 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00838-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Using stem cells is one of the most important determining factors in repairing lesions using regenerative medicine. Obtaining adult stem cells from patients is a perfect choice, but it is worth noting that their differentiation and proliferation potential decreases as the patient ages. For this reason, the use of amniotic fluid stem cells can be one of the excellent alternatives. This research aimed to investigate the osteogenic differentiation potential of the amniotic fluid stem cells while cultured on the polycaprolactone/poly L-lactic acid nanofibrous scaffold. Scaffolds were qualitatively evaluated by a scanning electron microscope, and their hydrophilicity and mechanical properties were studied using contact angle and tensile test, respectively. The biocompatibility and non-toxicity of the nanofibers were also evaluated using viability assay. The osteo-supportive capacity of the nanofibers was examined using alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium release measurement. Finally, the expression level of four important bone-related genes was determined quantitatively. The results demonstrated that the mineralization rate, alkaline phosphatase activity, intracellular calcium, and bone-related genes increased significantly in the cells cultured on the polycaprolactone/poly L-lactic acid scaffold compared to the cells cultured on the tissue culture plate as a control. According to the results, it can be concluded that the polycaprolactone/poly L-lactic acid nanofibrous scaffold surprisingly improved the osteogenic differentiation potential of the amniotic fluid stem cells and, in combination with polycaprolactone/poly L-lactic acid nanofibers could be a promising candidate as bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Chen YC, Lan YW, Huang SM, Yen CC, Chen W, Wu WJ, Staniczek T, Chong KY, Chen CM. Human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells attenuate pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:235. [PMID: 35659367 PMCID: PMC9166578 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02910-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignant cancer and chemotherapy ineffectively treats PDAC, leading to the requirement for alternative tumor-targeted treatment. Human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (hAFMSCs) have been revealed to suppress tumor growth in various cancers and they are a strong candidate for treating PDAC. METHODS To evaluate the effects of hAFMSCs on human pancreatic carcinoma cells (PANC1, AsPC1 and BxPC3 cell lines) and the possible mechanism involved, an in vitro cell coculture system was used. A PANC1 orthotopic xenograft mouse model was established and hAFMSCs were injected intravenously at 4 weeks post-xenograft. RESULTS An in vitro coculture assay showed that hAFMSCs inhibited PANC1 cell proliferation by inducing S phase cell cycle arrest and increased cell apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. In PANC1 cells, hAFMSCs caused the downregulation of Cyclin A and Cyclin B1 as well as the upregulation of p21 (CDKN1A) at 24 h post coculture. The upregulation of pro-apoptotic factors Caspase-3/-8 and Bax at 24 h post coculture reduced the migration and invasion ability of PANC1 cells through inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In a PANC1 orthotopic xenograft mouse model, a single injection of hAFMSCs showed significant tumor growth inhibition with evidence of the modulation of cell cycle and pro-apoptotic regulatory genes and various genes involved in matrix metallopeptidase 7 (MMP7) signaling-triggered EMT process. Histopathological staining showed lower Ki67 levels in tumors from hAFMSCs-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that hAFMSCs strongly inhibit PDAC cell proliferation, tumor growth and invasion, possibly by altering cell cycle arrest and MMP7 signaling-triggered EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Cheng Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Shiaw-Min Huang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, 300 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, and College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Theresa Staniczek
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Heidelberg University, 69117 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333 Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407 Taiwan
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Solaiman A, Mehanna RA, Meheissen GA, Elatrebi S, Said R, Elsokkary NH. Potential effect of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells on hyperoxia-induced pulmonary alveolar injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-022-02821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
With the widespread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, in spite of the newly emerging vaccines, mutated strains remain a great obstacle to supportive and preventive measures. Coronavirus 19 survivors continue to face great danger of contacting the disease again. As long as no specific treatment has yet to be approved, a great percentage of patients experience real complications, including among others, lung fibrosis. High oxygen inhalation especially for prolonged periods is per se destructive to the lungs. Nevertheless, oxygen remains the first line support for such patients. In the present study we aimed at investigating the role of amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells in preventing versus treating the hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis in rats.
Methods
The study was conducted on adult albino rats; 5 pregnant female rats were used as amniotic fluid donors, and 64 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: Control group; where 10 rats were kept in normal atmospheric air then sacrificed after 2 months, and hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis group, where 54 rats were exposed to hyperoxia (100% oxygen for 6 h/day) in air-tight glass chambers for 1 month, then randomly divided into the following 5 subgroups: Hyperoxia group, cell-free media-treated group, stem cells-prophylactic group, stem cells-treated group and untreated group. Isolation, culture and proliferation of stem cells were done till passage 3. Pulmonary function tests, histological examination of lung tissue under light and electron microscopes, biochemical assessment of oxidative stress, IL-6 and Rho-A levels, and statistical analysis of data were performed. F-test (ANOVA) was used for normally distributed quantitative variables, to compare between more than two groups, and Post Hoc test (Tukey) for pairwise comparisons.
Results
Labelled amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells homed to lung tissue. Stem cells administration in the stem cells-prophylactic group succeeded to maintain pulmonary functions near the normal values with no significant difference between their values and those of the control group. Moreover, histological examination of lung tissues showed that stem cells-prophylactic group were completely protected while stem cells-treated group still showed various degrees of tissue injury, namely; thickened interalveolar septa, atelectasis and interstitial pneumonia. Biochemical studies after stem cells injection also showed decreased levels of RhoA and IL-6 in the prophylactic group and to a lesser extent in the treated group, in addition to increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde in the stem cells-injected groups.
Conclusions
Amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells showed promising protective and therapeutic results against hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis as evaluated physiologically, histologically and biochemically.
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Solaiman A, Mehanna RA, Meheissen GA, Elatrebi S, Said R, Elsokkary NH. Potential effect of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells on hyperoxia-induced pulmonary alveolar injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:145. [PMID: 35379329 PMCID: PMC8978174 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the widespread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, in spite of the newly emerging vaccines, mutated strains remain a great obstacle to supportive and preventive measures. Coronavirus 19 survivors continue to face great danger of contacting the disease again. As long as no specific treatment has yet to be approved, a great percentage of patients experience real complications, including among others, lung fibrosis. High oxygen inhalation especially for prolonged periods is per se destructive to the lungs. Nevertheless, oxygen remains the first line support for such patients. In the present study we aimed at investigating the role of amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells in preventing versus treating the hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis in rats. Methods The study was conducted on adult albino rats; 5 pregnant female rats were used as amniotic fluid donors, and 64 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: Control group; where 10 rats were kept in normal atmospheric air then sacrificed after 2 months, and hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis group, where 54 rats were exposed to hyperoxia (100% oxygen for 6 h/day) in air-tight glass chambers for 1 month, then randomly divided into the following 5 subgroups: Hyperoxia group, cell-free media-treated group, stem cells-prophylactic group, stem cells-treated group and untreated group. Isolation, culture and proliferation of stem cells were done till passage 3. Pulmonary function tests, histological examination of lung tissue under light and electron microscopes, biochemical assessment of oxidative stress, IL-6 and Rho-A levels, and statistical analysis of data were performed. F-test (ANOVA) was used for normally distributed quantitative variables, to compare between more than two groups, and Post Hoc test (Tukey) for pairwise comparisons. Results Labelled amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells homed to lung tissue. Stem cells administration in the stem cells-prophylactic group succeeded to maintain pulmonary functions near the normal values with no significant difference between their values and those of the control group. Moreover, histological examination of lung tissues showed that stem cells-prophylactic group were completely protected while stem cells-treated group still showed various degrees of tissue injury, namely; thickened interalveolar septa, atelectasis and interstitial pneumonia. Biochemical studies after stem cells injection also showed decreased levels of RhoA and IL-6 in the prophylactic group and to a lesser extent in the treated group, in addition to increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde in the stem cells-injected groups. Conclusions Amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells showed promising protective and therapeutic results against hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis as evaluated physiologically, histologically and biochemically. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02821-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Solaiman
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Its Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Meheissen
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
| | - Soha Elatrebi
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Rasha Said
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Nahed H Elsokkary
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
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Phenotypical Characterization and Neurogenic Differentiation of Rabbit Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030431. [PMID: 33802902 PMCID: PMC8002684 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the rabbit is a frequently used biological model, the phenotype of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rAT-MSCs) is not well characterized. One of the reasons is the absence of specific anti-rabbit antibodies. The study aimed to characterize rAT-MSCs using flow cytometry and PCR methods, especially digital droplet PCR, which confirmed the expression of selected markers at the mRNA level. A combination of these methods validated the expression of MSCs markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105). In addition, cells were also positive for CD49f, vimentin, desmin, α-SMA, ALDH and also for the pluripotent markers: NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2. Moreover, the present study proved the ability of rAT-MSCs to differentiate into a neurogenic lineage based on the confirmed expression of neuronal markers ENO2 and MAP2. Obtained results suggest that rAT-MSCs have, despite the slight differences in marker expression, the similar phenotype as human AT-MSCs and possess the neurodifferentiation ability. Accordingly, rAT-MSCs should be subjected to further studies with potential application in veterinary medicine but also, in case of their cryopreservation, as a source of genetic information of endangered species stored in the gene bank.
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The Therapeutic Potential of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells on Busulfan-Induced Azoospermia in Adult Rats. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:279-295. [PMID: 33713308 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Busulfan is an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent that is routinely prescribed for leukemic patients to induce myelo-ablation. However, it also results in azoospermia and infertility in cancer survivors. This research was constructed to explore the possible therapeutic role of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) in improving busulfan-induced azoospermia in adult rats. METHODS Forty two adult male albino rats were randomized into: (1) control group, (2) azoospermia group, (3) spontaneous recovery group, and (4) AFSCs-treated group, in which AFSCs were transplanted through their injection into the testicular efferent ducts. The assessment included a histo-pathological examination of the seminiferous tubules by the light and transmission electron microscopes. Additionally, the confocal laser scanning microscope was used for confirmation of homing of the implanted cells. Moreover, we conducted an immuno-fluorescence study for detection of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the spermatogenic cells, epididymal sperm count, and a histo-morphometric study. RESULTS AFSCs successfully homed over the basement membrane of the injured seminiferous tubules. They greatly attenuated busulfan-induced degenerative and oxidative changes. They also caused a re-expression of PCNA in the germ cells, leading to resumption of spermatogenesis and re-appearance of spermatozoa. CONCLUSION AFSCs could be a promising treatment modality for male infertility induced by chemotherapy, as they possess prominent regenerative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory potentials.
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Wang MY, Wang YX, Li-Ling J, Xie HQ. Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Premature Ovarian Failure: From Bench to Bedside. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:63-78. [PMID: 33427039 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a devastating condition for women of childbearing age with serious health consequences, including distress, infertility, osteoporosis, autoimmune disorders, ischemic heart disease, and increased mortality. In addition to the mainstay estrogen therapy, stem cell therapy has been tested as the result of rapid progress in cell biology and reprogramming research. We hereby provide a review for the latest research and issues related with stem cell-based therapy for POF, and provide a commentary on various methods for enhancing its effect. Large amount of animal studies have demonstrated an extensive benefit of stem cells for failed ovarian recovering. As shown by such studies, stem cell therapy can result in recovery of hormonal levels, follicular activation, ovarian angiogenesis, and functional restoration. Meanwhile, a study of molecular pathways revealed that the function of stem cells mainly depends on their paracrine actions, which can produce multiple factors for the promotion of ovarian angiogenesis and regulation of cellular functions. Nevertheless, studies using disease models also revealed certain drawbacks. Clinical trials have shown that menstrual cycle and even pregnancy may occur in POF patients following transplantation of stem cells, although the limitations, including inadequate number of cases and space for the improvement of transplantation methodology. Only with its safety and effect get substantial improvement through laboratory experiments and clinical trials, can stem cell therapy really bring benefits to more patients. Additionally, effective pretreatment and appropriate transplantation methods for stem cells are also required. Taken together, stem cell therapy has shown a great potential for the reversal of POF and is stepping from bench to bedside. Impact statement Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a devastating condition with serious clinical consequences. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current status of stem cell therapy for POF. Considering the diversity of cell types and functions, a rigorous review is required for the guidance for further research into this field. Meanwhile, the challenges and prospect for clinical application of stem cell treatment, methodological improvements, and innovations are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yao Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Qi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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Kukumberg M, Phermthai T, Wichitwiengrat S, Wang X, Arjunan S, Chong SY, Fong CY, Wang JW, Rufaihah AJ, Mattar CNZ. Hypoxia-induced amniotic fluid stem cell secretome augments cardiomyocyte proliferation and enhances cardioprotective effects under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:163. [PMID: 33420256 PMCID: PMC7794288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretome derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-S) is rich in soluble bioactive factors (SBF) and offers untapped therapeutic potential for regenerative medicine while avoiding putative cell-related complications. Characterization and optimal generation of AFSC-S remains challenging. We hypothesized that modulation of oxygen conditions during AFSC-S generation enriches SBF and confers enhanced regenerative and cardioprotective effects on cardiovascular cells. We collected secretome at 6-hourly intervals up to 30 h following incubation of AFSC in normoxic (21%O2, nAFSC-S) and hypoxic (1%O2, hAFSC-S) conditions. Proliferation of human adult cardiomyocytes (hCM) and umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVEC) incubated with nAFSC-S or hAFSC-S were examined following culture in normoxia or hypoxia. Lower AFSC counts and richer protein content in AFSC-S were observed in hypoxia. Characterization of AFSC-S by multiplex immunoassay showed higher concentrations of pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory SBF. hCM demonstrated highest proliferation with 30h-hAFSC-S in hypoxic culture. The cardioprotective potential of concentrated 30h-hAFSC-S treatment was demonstrated in a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model by infarct size and cell apoptosis reduction and cell proliferation increase when compared to saline treatment controls. Thus, we project that hypoxic-generated AFSC-S, with higher pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory SBF, can be harnessed and refined for tailored regenerative applications in ischemic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kukumberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tatsanee Phermthai
- Stem Cell Research and Development for Medical Therapy Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suparat Wichitwiengrat
- Stem Cell Research and Development for Medical Therapy Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subramanian Arjunan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suet Yen Chong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chui-Yee Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Abdul Jalil Rufaihah
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Citra Nurfarah Zaini Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
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Nonoperative Applications of Placental Tissue Matrix in Orthopaedic Sports Injuries: A Review of Literature. Clin J Sport Med 2020; 30:383-389. [PMID: 30365472 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, various amniotic tissue and placental-based tissue matrix (PTM) products have become increasingly available as a nonoperative treatment for tendinopathies and orthopaedic sports injuries. The aim of this review was to evaluate: (1) safety and efficacy of nonoperative use of PTM products, in acute and chronic tendon injuries and (2) the commercially available tissue options to better understand their differences. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive literature search was performed. Inclusion criteria were studies reporting on: (1) nonoperative uses of PTM therapy in sports injuries; and (2) clinical outcomes; in (3) human subjects. We excluded: (1) animal studies; (2) basic science studies; (3) non-English language literature; (4) review articles; and (5) duplicate studies. In addition, to determine the various product formulations, their tissue contents, and indications for use, we searched publicly available website content, marketing literature, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) registration documents. MAIN RESULTS Current evidence investigated various PTM products for the treatment of various tendon injuries with demonstrated efficacy mainly in the short term with follow-up ranging between 6 weeks and 3 months. In addition, across all studies, no specific adverse events were reported. Substantial differences exist among the currently available products due to variations in their tissue source, formulations, processing methods, method of sterilization, preservation, and storage, indications for use, and FDA regulation. CONCLUSIONS Placental- and amniotic membrane-derived tissues seem to be safe for the nonoperative treatment of tendinopathies. However, several factors may affect the efficacy and safety profile of these products, and the orthopaedic surgeons should be aware of the differences.
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Investigating the expression of pluripotency-related genes in human amniotic fluid cells: A semi-quantitative comparison between different subpopulations, from primary to cultured amniocytes. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:338-347. [PMID: 32518050 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Various classifications have been proposed for human amniotic subpopulations, including classification of spindle-shaped (SS) and round-shaped (RS) cells, as well as the more referred triple-category of epithelioid (E-type) cells, amniotic fluid-specific (AF-type) cells and fibroblastoid (F-type) cells. The present study aims to investigate these amniotic subpopulations regarding the expression of some stem cell markers, including OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, C-KIT (CD117), C-MYC, KLF4, and THY1 (CD90). Flow cytometry was performed to characterize the isolated clonal subpopulations for a hematopoietic and a mesenchymal marker using PE-CD31 and FITC-CD90, respectively. A semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis was carried out on the isolates in the second half of their lifespan when the cells were at the stationary phase of the growth curve. Characterization of isolated cells demonstrated that all clones including both epithelioid and fibroblastoid cells, had mesenchymal, not hematopoietic, lineage. RT-PCR analysis also revealed a higher expression of the target genes in epithelioid cells. Furthermore, the expression pattern of the genes and their correlations were remarkably different between primary- and long term-cultured amniocytes. Taken together, our results showed that the primary-cultured cells express the stemness genes equally, whereas the long term-cultured amniocytes exhibited a highly variable manner in the expression pattern of the genes. Diverse derivation site of amniocytes and individual genetic background can potentially explain the observed variation in the expression level of the target genes. These can also explain why amniocytes differ in many respects observed in our study, including survival rate, plastic adhesion, and growth characteristics.
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Seyed M. Hoseini, Kalantar SM, Bahrami AR, M. Matin M. Human Amniocytes: a Comprehensive Study on Morphology, Frequency and Growth Properties of Subpopulations from a Single Clone to the Senescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x20020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Rahmatizadeh F, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Khodadadi K, Lale Ataei M, Ebrahimie E, Soleimani Rad J, Pashaiasl M. Bidirectional and Opposite Effects of Naïve Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Tumor Growth and Progression. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:539-558. [PMID: 31857958 PMCID: PMC6912184 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been considered as a heterogeneous population of uncontrolled proliferation of
different transformed cell types. The recent findings concerning tumorigeneses have highlighted
the fact that tumors can progress through tight relationships among tumor cells, cellular, and
non-cellular components which are present within tumor tissues. In recent years, studies have
shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential components of non-tumor cells within
the tumor tissues that can strongly affect tumor development. Several forms of MSCs have been
identified within tumor stroma. Naïve (innate) mesenchymal stem cells (N-MSCs) derived from
different sources are mostly recruited into the tumor stroma. N-MSCs exert dual and divergent
effects on tumor growth through different conditions and factors such as toll-like receptor
priming (TLR-priming), which is the primary underlying causes of opposite effects. Moreover,
MSCs also have the contrary effects by various molecular mechanisms relying on direct cellto-
cell connections and indirect communications through the autocrine, paracrine routes, and
tumor microenvironment (TME).
Overall, cell-based therapies will hold great promise to provide novel anticancer treatments.
However, the application of intact MSCs in cancer treatment can theoretically cause adverse
clinical outcomes. It is essential that to extensively analysis the effective factors and conditions
in which underlying mechanisms are adopted by MSCs when encounter with cancer.
The aim is to review the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the dual effects of
MSCs followed by the importance of polarization of MSCs through priming of TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Rahmatizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Khodadad Khodadadi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maryam Lale Ataei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Rajabzadeh N, Fathi E, Farahzadi R. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:19. [PMID: 31463312 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in the stem cell biology provided new hopes in treatment of diseases and disorders that yet cannot be treated. Stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types in the body during age. These provide new cells for the body as it grows, and replace specialized cells that are damaged. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be easily harvested from the adipose tissue and can also be cultured and expanded in vitro they have become a good target for tissue regeneration. These cells have been widespread used for cell transplantation in animals and also for clinical trials in humans. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of our current knowledge regarding the important and types of isolated stem cells from different sources of animal models such as horse, pig, goat, dog, rabbit, cat, rat, mice etc. In this regard, due to the widespread use and lot of attention of MSCs, in this review, we will elaborate on use of MSCs in veterinary medicine as well as in regenerative medicine. Based on the studies in this field, MSCs found wide application in treatment of diseases, such as heart failure, wound healing, tooth regeneration etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Rajabzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Gholizadeh‐Ghaleh Aziz S, Fardyazar Z, Pashaiasl M. The human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells therapy on, SKOV3, ovarian cancer cell line. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00726. [PMID: 31111674 PMCID: PMC6625370 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose One of the most common malignancies peculiar to female health with few symptoms, low response to therapy, difficult diagnosis, frequent relapse, and high mortality, is ovarian cancer. Thus, our experiment, using Human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (hAFMSCs) as a therapeutic tool, aims to find an efficient treatment approach for patients suffering from SKOV3 ovarian cancer. Material & Methods In this study, we obtained 5 ml amniotic fluid from 16–20 week pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis for routine prenatal diagnosis by karyotyping in Al‐Zahra Hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Using trans wells in 24 wells plate, hAFMSCs were isolated from all samples, co‐cultured with SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line, and characterized via flow cytometry and RT‐PCR. Human skin fibroblast cells (HSFCs) were isolated and used as a negative control. SKOV3 and HSFCs' viability after 5 days was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptotic genes were analyzed by real‐time PCR. Results We successfully isolated and characterized hAFMSCs through it positivity for CD44 and CD90 specific mesenchymal stem cell markers and negativity for CD31 and CD45. Oct4 and NANOG were evaluated by RT‐PCR as pluripotency markers, and visualized on 2% gel electrophoresis. We established hAFMS cell lines after 5 days of co‐culturing the SKOV3 cells, viability was decreased; however, HSFCs did not show toxicity by MTT assay. The genes indicated upregulation and high expression by a real‐time PCR. Conclusions Our findings showed that hAFMSCs have natural tumor tropism, and can release soluble factors in a cell culture, which cause an efficient anticancer effect. Thus, we can use hAFMSCs for complete anticancer therapy on SKOV3 cell line at cell culture condition and possibly in vivo in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Fardyazar
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Fathi E, Charoudeh HN, Sanaat Z, Farahzadi R. Telomere shortening as a hallmark of stem cell senescence. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:7. [PMID: 31019963 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.02.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapies have been greatly attentioned in regenerative medicine through multi-lineage differentiation, self-renewal properties, etc. Despite the above advantages of MSCs, the defined properties of these cells are strongly affected by aging. Thus, the use of MSCs from older donors is lower than younger one, which limits clinical applications in cell therapy. According to the theories of aging, it is determined that aging is most likely caused by telomere shortening and telomere shortening is considered hallmarks of aging. Finding out the most mechanisms of these changes will probably reveal novel therapeutic targets for prolonging human health and for ameliorating age-associated phenotypes. This review focuses on prevalent knowledge about the mechanisms of stem cell senescence by telomere shortening and the molecular mechanism details involved in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Fardyazar Z, Pashaei-Asl F, Rahmati-Yamchi M, Khodadadi K, Pashaiasl M. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) expressing p21 and cyclin D1 genes retain excellent viability after freezing with (dimethyl sulfoxide) DMSO. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2019; 19:43-51. [PMID: 29688163 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2018.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) have features intermediate between embryonic and adult SCs, can differentiate into lineages of all three germ layers, and do not develop into tumors in vivo. Moreover, hAFSCs can be easily obtained in routine procedures and there is no ethical or legal limitations regarding their use for clinical and experimental applications. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of slow freezing/thawing and two different concentrations of DMSO (10% DMSO + 90% fetal bovine serum [FBS] and 5% DMSO + 95% FBS) on the survival of hAFSCs. hAFSCs were obtained from 5 pregnant women during amniocentesis at 16-22 weeks of gestation. The expression of pluripotency markers (Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 [Oct4] and NANOG) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and cell surface markers (cluster of differentiation [CD31], CD44, CD45, and CD90) by flow cytometry was analyzed before and after the slow-freezing. Cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion or MTT assay. Quantitative mRNA expression of Oct4, NANOG, cyclin D1 and p21 was determined by real-time PCR before and after the slow-freezing. Pluripotency of hAFSCs was confirmed by NANOG and POU5F1 (Oct4) gene expression before and after slow-freezing. All hAFSC cultures were positive for CD44 and CD90. A higher viability of hAFSCs was observed after freezing with 90% FBS + 10% DMSO. There was increased expression of NANOG and decreased expression of POU5F1 gene after freezing, compared to control cells (before freezing). DMSO and the process of freezing did not significantly change the expression of p21 and cyclin D1 genes in hAFSCs. Overall, our results indicate the applicability of slow-freezing and DMSO in cryopreservation of SCs.
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18
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Placenta and Placental Derivatives in Regenerative Therapies: Experimental Studies, History, and Prospects. Stem Cells Int 2018. [PMID: 29535770 PMCID: PMC5822788 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4837930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental structures, capable to persist in a genetically foreign organism, are a natural model of allogeneic engraftment carrying a number of distinctive properties. In this review, the main features of the placenta and its derivatives such as structure, cellular composition, immunological and endocrine aspects, and the ability to invasion and deportation are discussed. These features are considered from a perspective that determines the placental material as a unique source for regenerative cell therapies and a lesson for immunological tolerance. A historical overview of clinical applications of placental extracts, cells, and tissue components is described. Empirically accumulated data are summarized and compared with modern research. Furthermore, we define scopes and outlooks of application of placental cells and tissues in the rapidly progressing field of regenerative medicine.
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McIntyre JA, Jones IA, Danilkovich A, Vangsness CT. The Placenta: Applications in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. Am J Sports Med 2018; 46:234-247. [PMID: 28375638 DOI: 10.1177/0363546517697682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta has a long history of use for treating burns and wounds. It is a rich source of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins, tissue reparative growth factors, and stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent data show its therapeutic potential for orthopaedic sports medicine indications. PURPOSE To provide orthopaedic surgeons with an anatomic description of the placenta, to characterize its cellular composition, and to review the literature reporting the use of placenta-derived cells and placental tissue allografts for orthopaedic sports medicine indications in animal models and in humans. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS Using a total of 63 keyword combinations, the PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for published articles describing the use of placental cells and/or tissue for orthopaedic sports medicine indications. Information was collected on placental tissue type, indications, animal model, study design, treatment regimen, safety, and efficacy outcomes. Results were categorized by indication and subcategorized by animal model. RESULTS Outcomes for 29 animal studies and 6 human studies reporting the use of placenta-derived therapeutics were generally positive; however, the placental tissue source, clinical indication, and administration route were highly variable across these studies. Fourteen animal studies described the use of placental tissue for tendon injuries, 13 studies for osteoarthritis or articular cartilage injuries, 3 for ligament injuries, and 1 for synovitis. Both placenta-derived culture-expanded cells (epithelial cells or MSCs) and placental tissue allografts were used in animal studies. In all human studies, commercial placental allografts were used. Five of 6 human studies examined the treatment of foot and ankle pathological conditions, and 1 studied the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. CONCLUSION A review of the small number of reported studies revealed a high degree of variability in placental cell types, placental tissue preparation, routes of administration, and treatment regimens, which prohibits making any definitive conclusions. Currently, the clinical use of placenta is limited to only commercial placental tissue allografts, as there are no placenta-derived biological drugs approved for the treatment of orthopaedic sports medicine conditions in the United States. However, this review shows that the application of placental cells or tissue allografts appears to be safe and has potential to improve outcomes for orthopaedic sports medicine indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Alexander McIntyre
- School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ian A Jones
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Farahzadi R, Fathi E, Mesbah-Namin SA, Zarghami N. Zinc sulfate contributes to promote telomere length extension via increasing telomerase gene expression, telomerase activity and change in the TERT gene promoter CpG island methylation status of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188052. [PMID: 29145503 PMCID: PMC5690675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cell therapy and regenerative medicine has received widespread attention over the past few years, but their application can be complicated by factors such as reduction in proliferation potential, the senescent tendency of the MSCs upon expansion and their age-dependent decline in number and function. It was shown that all the mentioned features were accompanied by a reduction in telomerase activity and telomere shortening. Furthermore, the role of epigenetic changes in aging, especially changes in promoter methylation, was reported. In this study, MSCs were isolated from the adipose tissue with enzymatic digestion. In addition, immunocytochemistry staining and flow cytometric analysis were performed to investigate the cell-surface markers. In addition, alizarin red-S, sudan III, toluidine blue, and cresyl violet staining were performed to evaluate the multi-lineage differentiation of hADSCs. In order to improve the effective application of MSCs, these cells were treated with 1.5 × 10-8 and 2.99 × 10-10 M of ZnSO4 for 48 hours. The length of the absolute telomere, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene expression, telomerase activity, the investigation of methylation status of the hTERT gene promoter and the percentage of senescent cells were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR, PCR-ELISA TRAP assay, methylation specific PCR (MSP), and beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, respectively. The results showed that the telomere length, the hTERT gene expression, and the telomerase activity had significantly increased. In addition, the percentage of senescent cells had significantly decreased and changes in the methylation status of the CpG islands in the hTERT promoter region under treatment with ZnSO4 were seen. In conclusion, it seems that ZnSO4 as a proper antioxidant could improve the aging-related features due to lengthening of the telomeres, increasing the telomerase gene expression, telomerase activity, decreasing aging, and changing the methylation status of hTERT promoter; it could potentially beneficial for enhancing the application of aged-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Mesbah-Namin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Historically, there have been many advances in the ways in which we treat kidney diseases. In particular, hemodialysis has set the standard for treatment since the early 1960s and continues today as the most common form of treatment for acute, chronic, and end-stage conditions. However, the rising global prevalence of kidney diseases and our limited understanding of their etiologies have placed significant burdens on current clinical management regimens. This has resulted in a desperate need to improve the ways in which we treat the underlying and ensuing causes of kidney diseases for those who are unable to receive transplants. Recent Findings One way of possibly addressing these issues is through the use of improved bioartificial kidneys. Bioartificial kidneys provide an extension to conventional artificial kidneys and dialysis systems, by incorporating aspects of living cellular and tissue function, in an attempt to better mimic normal kidneys. Recent advancements in genomic, cellular, and tissue engineering technologies are facilitating the improved design of these systems. Summary In this review, we outline various research efforts that have focused on the development of regenerated organs, implantable constructs, and whole bioengineered kidneys, as well as the transitions from conventional dialysis to these novel alternatives. As a result, we envision that these pioneering efforts can one day produce bioartificial renal technologies that can either perform or reintroduce essential function, and thus provide practical options to treat and potentially prevent kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Corridon
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - In Kap Ko
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA
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Enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by zinc sulphate under electromagnetic field via the PKA, ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173877. [PMID: 28339498 PMCID: PMC5365128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc ion as an essential trace element and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has been reported to be involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) on the osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) in the presence of EMF as a strategy in osteoporosis therapy. Alkaline phophatase (ALP) activity measurement, calcium assay and expression of several osteoblastic marker genes were examined to assess the effect of ZnSO4 on the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs under EMF. The expression of cAMP and PKA was evaluated by ELISA. The expression of β-catenin, Wnt1, Wnt3a, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and reduced dickkopf1 (DKK1) genes were used to detect the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. It was found that ZnSO4, in the presence of EMF, resulted in an increase in the expression of osteogenic genes, ALP activity and calcium levels. EMF, in the presence of ZnSO4, increased the cAMP level and protein kinase A (PKA) activity. Treatment of ADSCs with (MAPK)/ERK kinase 1/2 inhibitor, or PKA inhibitor, significantly inhibited the promotion of osteogenic markers, indicating that the induction of osteogenesis was dependent on the ERK and PKA signaling pathways. Real-time PCR analysis showed that ZnSO4, in the presence of EMF, increased the mRNA expressions of β-catenin, Wnt1, Wnt3a, LRP5 and DKK1. In this study, it was shown that 0.432 μg/ml ZnSO4, in the presence of 50 Hz, 20 mT EMF, induced the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs via PKA, ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Wang M, Li H, Si J, Dai J, Shi J, Wang X, Guo L, Shen G. Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells mixed with platelet rich plasma for restoration of rat alveolar bone defect. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:197-207. [PMID: 28104582 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells isolated from the amniotic fluid have been shown as a promising candidate for cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, the experimental and preclinical applications of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) in the very field of maxillofacial bone tissue engineering are still limited. In this study, rat AFSCs were successfully harvested and characterized in vitro. The rat AFSCs showed typical fibroblastoid morphology, stable proliferation activity and multi-differentiation potential. Flow-cytometry analysis demonstrated that these cells were positive for CD29, CD44, and CD90, while negative for hematopoietic markers such as CD34 and CD45. The regenerative performance of AFSCs-premixed with platelet rich plasma (PRP) gel in restoration of alveolar bone defect was further investigated using a modified rat maxillary alveolar defect model. Micro-computer tomography and histological examination showed a superior regenerative capacity of AFSCs-premixed with PRP gel at both 4 and 8 weeks after operation comparing with control groups. Moreover, the implanted AFSCs can survive in the defect site and directly participate in the bone tissue regeneration. Taken together, these results indicated the feasibility of an AFSCs-based alveolar bone tissue engineering strategy for alveolar defect restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjiao Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiawen Si
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiewen Dai
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lihe Guo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guofang Shen
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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Kitala D, Kawecki M, Klama-Baryła A, Łabuś W, Glik J, Kraut M, Misiuga M, Nowak M. The Isolation and Production of the Ready-to-Use Product (the Amniotic Stem Cell Culture) in Accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice Regulations. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:694-707. [PMID: 28117628 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the Committee for Advanced Therapies, amniotic stem cells were classified as an advanced therapy medicinal product. This work aims to standardize the isolation of amniotic stem cells and the selection of the optimal time of transplantation and cell application methods in burn patients according to the guidelines of the Good Manufacturing Practice. The placenta used in the study was sourced during a Cesarean section. The remnants of the amnion preparation were placed in a sterile container and transferred to a class B environment, where the primary cultures began. The highest average number of cells was obtained by tissue homogenization and culture growth on the AmnioGrow medium. The isolation of the pure monoculture should be performed using the antibodies against CD105. On the basis of an analysis of population doubling, the aging of a population, the cells' viability, and the severity of injury, the cells should be used between passages 3 and 6. Significant differences were found in the number and viability of cells that were transferred as a full sheet, depending on the transfer method. To sum up, amniotic cells are a promising source in the treatment of burns and can be used as a hospital exemption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Kitala
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Marek Kawecki
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland .,2 Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University in Bielsko-Biała , Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Łabuś
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Justyna Glik
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland .,3 Department of Chronic Wounds Management Organization, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kraut
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Marcelina Misiuga
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Mariusz Nowak
- 1 Dr. Stanislaw Sakiel Burn Treatment Centre , Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
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Fathi E, Farahzadi R, Rahbarghazi R, Samadi Kafil H, Yolmeh R. Rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells aging reduction by zinc sulfate under extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure is associated with increased telomerase reverse transcriptase gene expression. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2017; 8:89-96. [PMID: 28785382 PMCID: PMC5524544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Zinc as an essential trace element was reported to be involved in regulation of the growth and aging of cells. In this study, rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) of 50 Hz and 20 mT to evaluate whether exposure to ELF-EMF in the presence of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) affects the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene expression and aging in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The cell plates were divided into four groups including group I (control without ZnSO4 and ELF-EMF exposure); group II (ELF-EMF-exposure without ZnSO4); group III (ZnSO4 treatment without ELF-EMF exposure) and group ІV (ELF-EMF exposure with ZnSO4). In the presence of different concentrations of ZnSO4, cells viability, TERT gene expression and percentage of senescent cells were evaluated using colorimetric assay, real-time PCR and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity assay, respectively. In this experiment, cells were exposed to ELF-EMF for 30 min per day for 21 days in the presence and absence of ZnSO4. The results revealed that ELF-EMF leads to a decrease in the expression of TERT gene and increase in the percentage of senescent cells. However, the ZnSO4 could significantly increase the TERT gene expression and decrease the aging of ELF-EMF-exposed MSCs. It seems that ZnSO4 may be a beneficial agent to delay aging of ELF-EMF-exposed MSCs due to the induction of TERT gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; ,Correspondence: Raheleh Farahzadi. PhD, Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
| | - Rahman Yolmeh
- Shefa Neurosciences Research Center, Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
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Mobarak H, Fathi E, Farahzadi R, Zarghami N, Javanmardi S. L-carnitine significantly decreased aging of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Vet Res Commun 2016; 41:41-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-016-9670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Fathi E, Rahmati-Yamchi M, Akbarzadeh A, Fardyazar Z, Pashaiasl M. An update clinical application of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) in cancer cell therapy and tissue engineering. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:765-774. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1216857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz
- Women?s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Fardyazar
- Women?s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Women?s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kim A, Yu HY, Heo J, Song M, Shin JH, Lim J, Yoon SJ, Kim Y, Lee S, Kim SW, Oh W, Choi SJ, Shin DM, Choo MS. Mesenchymal stem cells protect against the tissue fibrosis of ketamine-induced cystitis in rat bladder. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30881. [PMID: 27481042 PMCID: PMC4969614 DOI: 10.1038/srep30881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abuse of the hallucinogenic drug ketamine promotes the development of lower urinary tract symptoms that resemble interstitial cystitis. The pathophysiology of ketamine-induced cystitis (KC) is largely unknown and effective therapies are lacking. Here, using a KC rat model, we show the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord-blood (UCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Daily injection of ketamine to Sprague-Dawley rats for 2-weeks resulted in defective bladder function, indicated by irregular voiding frequency, increased maximum contraction pressure, and decreased intercontraction intervals and bladder capacity. KC bladders were characterized by severe mast-cell infiltration, tissue fibrosis, apoptosis, upregulation of transforming growth factor-β signaling related genes, and phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 proteins. A single administration of MSCs (1 × 10(6)) into bladder tissue not only significantly ameliorated the aforementioned bladder voiding parameters, but also reversed the characteristic histological and gene-expression alterations of KC bladder. Treatment with the antifibrotic compound N-acetylcysteine also alleviated the symptoms and pathological characteristics of KC bladder, indicating that the antifibrotic capacity of MSC therapy underlies its benefits. Thus, this study for the first-time shows that MSC therapy might help to cure KC by protecting against tissue fibrosis in a KC animal model and provides a foundation for clinical trials of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Kim
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Hwan Yeul Yu
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jinbeom Heo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Miho Song
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shin
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jisun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Yoon
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - YongHwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seungun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Wonil Oh
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13494, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13494, Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Myung-Soo Choo
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
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Isolation, Characterization, Cryopreservation of Human Amniotic Stem Cells and Differentiation to Osteogenic and Adipogenic Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158281. [PMID: 27434028 PMCID: PMC4951121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human stem cells and progenitor cells can be used to treat cancer and replace dysfunctional cells within a tissue or organ. The objective of this study was to identify the appropriate cells type in regenerative medicine and targeted therapy. As an alternative to embryonic and bone marrow stem cells, we examined human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs), one of the potential source of multipotent stem cells isolated from both cell pellet (using single-stage method), and supernatant of human amniotic fluid. Source of isolation and unique property of the cells emphasize that these cells are one of the promising new tools in therapeutic field. Double sources for isolation and availability of the left over samples in diagnostic laboratory at the same time have less legal and ethical concerns compared with embryonic stem cell studies. Cells were isolated, cultured for 18th passage for 6 months and characterized using qPCR and flow cytometry. Cells showed good proliferative ability in culture condition. The cells successfully differentiated into the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. Based on these findings, amniotic fluid can be considered as an appropriate and convenient source of human amniotic fluid stem cells. These cells provide potential tools for therapeutic applications in the field of regenerative medicine. To get a better understanding of crosstalk between Oct4/NANOG with osteogenesis and adipogenesis, we used network analysis based on Common Targets algorithm and Common Regulators algorithm as well as subnetwork discovery based on gene set enrichment. Network analysis highlighted the possible role of MIR 302A and MIR let-7g. We demonstrated the high expression of MIR 302A and low expression of MIR let7g in hAFSCs by qPCR.
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