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Sersli S, Gagné T, Shareck M. Social disparities in alcohol consumption among Canadian emerging adults. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2023; 43:499-510. [PMID: 38117475 PMCID: PMC10824153 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.43.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Young adult drinking is a public health priority, but knowledge of socioeconomic status (SES) indicators and alcohol use among emerging adults (EAs; aged 18-29 years) is primarily informed by college samples, populations in their late teens and early twenties and non-Canadian data. We compared the association of three different SES indicators with monthly heavy episodic drinking (HED), less-than-monthly HED, no HED, and no drinking among Canadian EAs. METHODS We pooled the 2015 to 2019 waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey to include participants aged 18 to 29 years (n = 29 598). Using multinomial regression, we calculated weighted estimates of alcohol use by education, household income and area-level disadvantage, adjusting for adult roles and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Approximately 30% of EAs engaged in monthly HED, whereas 16% did not drink at all in the past year. Compared to those in the lowest household incomes, being in the top income quintile was significantly associated with increased relative odds of monthly HED (e.g. in combined SES model, RRR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39). Higher levels of education, being in higher income quintiles and living in less disadvantaged areas were significantly associated with reduced relative odds of no HED and not drinking. Adjusting for adult roles did not substantially change the associations between SES and alcohol use. CONCLUSION Higher SES was associated with HED among EAs, although the magnitude of association was small. Universal prevention measures addressing the affordability, availability and marketing of alcohol could be complemented by interventions targeting EA populations at higher risk of HED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Sersli
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Gagné
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martine Shareck
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Walsh K, Mehta AHP, Buehler Z, Wall M, Santelli J, Hirsch JS, Mellins CA. The socio-ecological context of U.S. college student drinking: A latent class analysis. Addict Behav 2023; 141:107666. [PMID: 36821880 PMCID: PMC10336975 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND U.S. college student drinking typologies often consider quantity and frequency but not the socio-environmental contexts in which students obtain alcohol and drink. Understanding context could be important for preventive interventions. METHODS We used latent class analysis (LCA), a person-centered approach to understanding behavior patterns, to identify drinking typologies among 1390 college student drinkers from a representative survey at two interconnected private colleges in the Northeast. Classes were derived from drinking frequency and quantity as well as how students obtain alcohol, where they drink, and their perceptions of peer drinking. Resulting classes were correlated with demographic and developmental characteristics, participation in campus activities and connectedness, and alcohol consequences and protective behaviors. RESULTS Four distinct drinking profiles emerged. 'Tasters' (n = 290) included infrequent and low quantity drinkers who drank in dorms with alcohol provided by others. 'Bargoers' (n = 271) included low quantity and moderate frequency drinkers who purchased their own alcohol and drank at bars. 'Partiers' (n = 483) included moderate frequency and quantity drinkers who obtained alcohol from several sources and drank in many locations. 'Bingers' (n = 345) included high frequency and quantity drinkers and binge drinkers, who drank in many locations with alcohol obtained from multiple sources. Classes differed in demographics, age of first drink, campus activities and connectedness, alcohol protective behaviors, and alcohol problems. CONCLUSION Heterogeneous patterns of drinking based on quantity, frequency and social/environmental context emerged and suggested the need for different tailored interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Walsh
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Gender & Women's Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 475 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
| | - Anuj H P Mehta
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Zach Buehler
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Melanie Wall
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., NY, NY 10032, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, 630 W. 168th St. New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - John Santelli
- Population and Family Health and Pediatrics, Mailman School of Public Health and College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., NY, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jennifer S Hirsch
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., NY, NY 10032, United States
| | - Claude A Mellins
- Division of Gender, Sexuality and Health, Departments of Psychiatry and Sociomedical Sciences, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 15, New York, NY 10032, United States
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Bainter TEG, Ackerman ML. Conformity Behaviors: a Qualitative Phenomenological Exploration of Binge Drinking Among Female College Students. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Merrill JE, Kenney SR, Carey KB. The Effect of Descriptive Norms on Pregaming Frequency: Tests of Five Moderators. Subst Use Misuse 2016; 51:1002-12. [PMID: 27070494 PMCID: PMC4967554 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2016.1152492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregaming is highly prevalent on college campuses and associated with heightened levels of intoxication and risk of alcohol consequences. However, research examining the correlates of pregaming behavior is limited. Descriptive norms (i.e., perceptions about the prevalence or frequency of a behavior) are reliable and comparatively strong predictors of general drinking behavior, with recent evidence indicating that they are also associated with pregaming. OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that higher descriptive norms for pregaming frequency would be associated with personal pregaming frequency. We also tested whether this effect would be stronger in the context of several theory-based moderators: female gender, higher injunctive norms (i.e., perceptions of others' attitudes toward a particular behavior), a more positive attitude toward pregaming, a stronger sense of identification with the drinking habits of other students, and stronger social comparison tendencies. METHODS College student drinkers (N = 198, 63% female) participated in an online survey assessing frequency of pregaming, descriptive norms, and hypothesized moderators. RESULTS A multiple regression model revealed that higher descriptive norms, a more positive attitude toward pregaming, and stronger peer identification were significantly associated with greater pregaming frequency among drinkers. However, no moderators of the association between descriptive norms and pregaming frequency were observed. CONCLUSIONS/IMPORTANCE Descriptive norms are robust predictors of pregaming behavior, for both genders and across levels of several potential moderators. Future research seeking to understand pregaming behavior should consider descriptive norms, as well as personal attitudes and identification with student peers, as targets of interventions designed to reduce pregaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Merrill
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island , USA
| | - Shannon R Kenney
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island , USA
| | - Kate B Carey
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island , USA
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Pass KM, Younge SN, Geter A, Al-Bayan M, Wade BH. A qualitative analysis of emerging adult black men's sexual decision-making behavior and substance use. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2015; 15:386-404. [PMID: 26643271 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2015.1064053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adult Black men and substance users may have an increased risk for compromised sexual health. This study qualitatively investigated how substance use affects the sexual decision-making of emerging adult Black men. Nineteen Black men in college (18-24 years) completed a semi-structured interview about their sexual attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions and their substance use. Results show that substance use may not independently affect sexual risk behavior among emerging adult Black men. Findings highlight the importance of using approaches that incorporate structural and sociocultural factors when framing research and interventions related to substance use, sexual decision making, and Black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Pass
- a Department of Health Behavior and Health Education , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan
| | - Sinead N Younge
- b Department of Psychology , Morehouse College , Atlanta , Georgia
| | - Angelica Geter
- c Department of Health Behavior , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky
| | - Maliyhah Al-Bayan
- d School of Medicine , Meharry Medical College , Nashville , Tennessee
| | - Bruce H Wade
- e Department of Sociology and Anthropology , Spelman College , Atlanta , Georgia
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Litt DM, Lewis MA, Rhew IC, Hodge KA, Kaysen DL. Reciprocal relationships over time between descriptive norms and alcohol use in young adult sexual minority women. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2015; 29:885-93. [PMID: 26478944 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Young adulthood, roughly ages 18-25, is a period of great risk for excessive consumption of alcohol, especially among sexual minority women (SMW). Despite the substantial literature examining the relationships between social norms and behavior in general, little attention has been given to the role of descriptive norms on the drinking behaviors of sexual minorities. The present study had 3 aims: to compare both typical woman descriptive norms and sexual minority-specific descriptive normative perceptions among a sample of SMW, to examine reciprocal associations between sexual minority-specific descriptive norms and alcohol consumption over time, and to examine whether these reciprocal associations were moderated by sexual orientation (i.e., whether 1 identifies as lesbian or bisexual). A national sample of 1,057 lesbian and bisexual women between the ages of 18 and 25 was enrolled in this study. Participants completed an online survey at 4 time points that assessed the constructs of interest. Results indicated that SMW consistently perceived that SMW drank more than their nonsexual minority peers; that SMW-specific descriptive drinking norms and alcohol consumption influenced 1 another over time in a reciprocal, feed-forward fashion; and that these associations were not moderated by sexual orientation. These findings highlight the importance of considering SMW-specific norms as an important factor in predicting alcohol consumption in SMW. Results further support the development and testing of normative interventions for high-risk drinking among SMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Litt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - Melissa A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - Isaac C Rhew
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - Kimberley A Hodge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - Debra L Kaysen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
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Scaglione NM, Hultgren BA, Reavy R, Mallett KA, Turrisi R, Cleveland MJ, Sell NM. Do students use contextual protective behaviors to reduce alcohol-related sexual risk? Examination of a dual-process decision-making model. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2015; 29:733-43. [PMID: 26415062 PMCID: PMC4589144 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest drinking protective behaviors (DPBs) and contextual protective behaviors (CPBs) can uniquely reduce alcohol-related sexual risk in college students. Few studies have examined CPBs independently, and even fewer have utilized theory to examine modifiable psychosocial predictors of students' decisions to use CPBs. The current study used a prospective design to examine (a) rational and reactive pathways and psychosocial constructs predictive of CPB use and (b) how gender might moderate these influences in a sample of college students. Students (n = 508) completed Web-based baseline (mid-Spring semester) and 1- and 6-month follow-up assessments of CPB use; psychosocial constructs (expectancies, normative beliefs, attitudes, and self-concept); and rational and reactive pathways (intentions and willingness). Regression was used to examine rational and reactive influences as proximal predictors of CPB use at the 6-month follow-up. Subsequent path analyses examined the effects of psychosocial constructs, as distal predictors of CPB use, mediated through the rational and reactive pathways. Both rational (intentions to use CPB) and reactive (willingness to use CPB) influences were significantly associated with increased CPB use. The examined distal predictors were found to effect CPB use differentially through the rational and reactive pathways. Gender did not significantly moderate any relationships within in the model. Findings suggest potential entry points for increasing CPB use that include both rational and reactive pathways. Overall, this study demonstrates the mechanisms underlying how to increase the use of CPBs in programs designed to reduce alcohol-related sexual consequences and victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Racheal Reavy
- The Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University
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Hultgren BA, Scaglione NM, Cleveland MJ, Turrisi R. Examination of a dual-process model predicting riding with drinking drivers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:1075-82. [PMID: 25939372 PMCID: PMC4544716 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 1 in 5 of the fatalities in alcohol-related crashes are passengers. Few studies have utilized theory to examine modifiable psychosocial predictors of individuals' tendencies to be a passenger in a vehicle operated by a driver who has consumed alcohol. This study used a prospective design to test a dual-process model featuring reasoned and reactive psychological influences and psychosocial constructs as predictors of riding with drinking drivers (RWDD) in a sample of individuals aged 18 to 21. METHODS College students (N = 508) completed web-based questionnaires assessing RWDD, psychosocial constructs (attitudes, expectancies, and norms), and reasoned and reactive influences (intentions and willingness) at baseline (the middle of the spring semester) and again 1 and 6 months later. Regression was used to analyze reasoned and reactive influences as proximal predictors of RWDD at the 6-month follow-up. Subsequent analyses examined the relationship between the psychosocial constructs as distal predictors of RWDD and the mediation effects of reasoned and reactive influences. RESULTS Both reasoned and reactive influences predicted RWDD, while only the reactive influence had a significant unique effect. Reactive influences significantly mediated the effects of peer norms, attitudes, and drinking influences on RWDD. Nearly all effects were constant across gender except parental norms (significant for females). CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight that the important precursors of RWDD were reactive influences, attitudes, and peer and parent norms. These findings suggest several intervention methods, specifically normative feedback interventions, parent-based interventions, and brief motivational interviewing, may be particularly beneficial in reducing RWDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney A Hultgren
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Nichole M Scaglione
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Cleveland
- Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Rob Turrisi
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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Graham K, Bernards S, Clapp JD, Dumas TM, Kelley-Baker T, Miller PG, Wells S. Street intercept method: An innovative approach to recruiting young adult high-risk drinkers. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014; 33:449-55. [DOI: 10.1111/dar.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Graham
- Social and Epidemiological Research Department; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; London Canada
- Department of Psychology; Western University; London Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health; University of Toronto; Toronto Canada
- National Drug Research Institute; Curtin University; Perth Australia
| | - Sharon Bernards
- Social and Epidemiological Research Department; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; London Canada
| | - John D. Clapp
- College of Social Work; The Ohio State University; Columbus USA
| | - Tara M. Dumas
- Social and Epidemiological Research Department; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; London Canada
| | | | - Peter G. Miller
- Social and Epidemiological Research Department; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; London Canada
- School of Psychology; Deakin University; Geelong; Australia
| | - Samantha Wells
- Social and Epidemiological Research Department; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; London Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health; University of Toronto; Toronto Canada
- Department of Epidemiology; Western University; London Canada
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