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Chakarwarti J, Anand V, Nayaka S, Srivastava S. In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Endolichenic Fungi Isolated from Genus Parmotrema. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:195. [PMID: 38809483 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The endolichenic fungi are an unexplored group of organisms for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. The aim of the present study is to determine the antibacterial potential of endolichenic fungi isolated from genus Parmotrema. The study is continuation of our previous work, wherein a total of 73 endolichenic fungi were isolated from the lichenized fungi, which resulted in 47 species under 23 genera. All the isolated endolichenic fungi were screened for preliminary antibacterial activity. Five endolichenic fungi-Daldinia eschscholtzii, Nemania diffusa, Preussia sp., Trichoderma sp. and Xylaria feejeensis, were selected for further antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. The zone of inhibition ranged from 14.3 ± 0.1 to 23.2 ± 0.1. The chemical composition of the selected endolichenic fungi was analysed through GC-MS, which yielded a total of 108 compounds from all the selected five endolichenic fungi. Diethyl phthalate, 1-hexadecanol, dibutyl phthalate, n-tetracosanol-1, 1-nonadecene, pyrrol[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methyl) and tetratetracontane were found to be common compounds among one or the other endolichenic fungi, which possibly were responsible for antibacterial activity. GC-MS data were further analysed through Principal Component Analysis which showed D. eschscholtzii to be with unique pattern of expression of metabolites. Compound confirmation test revealed coumaric acid to be responsible for antibacterial activity in D. eschscholtzii. So, the study proves that endolichenic fungi that inhabit lichenized fungal thalli could be a source of potential antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Chakarwarti
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Vandana Anand
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Department of Botany, IFTM University, Moradabad, 244102, India
| | - Sanjeeva Nayaka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
| | - Suchi Srivastava
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Technologies Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
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Guo Z, Bergeron KF, Mounier C. Oleate Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Migration by Enhancing Filopodia Formation through a PLD/Cdc42-Dependent Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3956. [PMID: 38612766 PMCID: PMC11012533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), poses a global health challenge. Emerging evidence has established a positive association between elevated levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) and its product oleate (OA) with cancer development and metastasis. SCD1/OA leads to alterations in migration speed, direction, and cell morphology in TNBC cells, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. To address this gap, we aim to investigate the impact of OA on remodeling the actin structure in TNBC cell lines, and the underlying signaling. Using TNBC cell lines and bioinformatics tools, we show that OA stimulation induces rapid cell membrane ruffling and enhances filopodia formation. OA treatment triggers the subcellular translocation of Arp2/3 complex and Cdc42. Inhibiting Cdc42, not the Arp2/3 complex, effectively abolishes OA-induced filopodia formation and cell migration. Additionally, our findings suggest that phospholipase D is involved in Cdc42-dependent filopodia formation and cell migration. Lastly, the elevated expression of Cdc42 in breast tumor tissues is associated with a lower survival rate in TNBC patients. Our study outlines a new signaling pathway in the OA-induced migration of TNBC cells, via the promotion of Cdc42-dependent filopodia formation, providing a novel insight for therapeutic strategies in TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine Mounier
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
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Wang Z, Li J, Wang L, Liu Y, Wang W, Chen J, Liang H, Chen YQ, Zhu S. FFAR4 activation inhibits lung adenocarcinoma via blocking respiratory chain complex assembly associated mitochondrial metabolism. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:17. [PMID: 38243188 PMCID: PMC10799372 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite notable advancements in the investigation and management of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the mortality rate for individuals afflicted with LUAD remains elevated, and attaining an accurate prognosis is challenging. LUAD exhibits intricate genetic and environmental components, and it is plausible that free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) may bridge the genetic and dietary aspects. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether a correlation exists between FFAR4, which functions as the primary receptor for dietary fatty acids, and various characteristics of LUAD, while also delving into the potential underlying mechanism. The findings of this study indicate a decrease in FFAR4 expression in LUAD, with a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between FFAR4 levels and overall patient survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated a significant diagnostic value [area under the curve (AUC) of 0.933] associated with FFAR4 expression. Functional investigations revealed that the FFAR4-specific agonist (TUG891) effectively suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, FFAR4 activation resulted in significant metabolic shifts, including a decrease in oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and an increase in extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in A549 cells. In detail, the activation of FFAR4 has been observed to impact the assembly process of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and the malate-aspartate shuttle process, resulting in a decrease in the transition of NAD+ to NADH and the inhibition of LUAD. These discoveries reveal a previously unrecognized function of FFAR4 in the negative regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and the inhibition of LUAD, indicating its potential as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment and diagnosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinyou Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - LongFei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaowei Liu
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - JiaYao Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - HuiJun Liang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Y Q Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - ShengLong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Youssef R, Maniar R, Khan J, Mesa H. Metabolic Interplay in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Immune Function and Anticancer Response. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9753-9767. [PMID: 38132455 PMCID: PMC10742411 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors exhibit rapid growth and high metabolic rates, similar to embryonic stem cells, and depend on aerobic glycolysis, known as the "Warburg effect". This understanding has enabled the use of radiolabeled glucose analogs in tumor staging and therapeutic response assessment via PET scans. Traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy target rapidly dividing cells, causing significant toxicity. Despite immunotherapy's impact on solid tumor treatment, gaps remain, leading to research on cancer cell evasion of immune response and immune tolerance induction via interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME, consisting of immune cells, fibroblasts, vessels, and the extracellular matrix, regulates tumor progression and therapy responses. TME-targeted therapies aim to transform this environment from supporting tumor growth to impeding it and fostering an effective immune response. This review examines the metabolic disparities between immune cells and cancer cells, their impact on immune function and therapeutic targeting, the TME components, and the complex interplay between cancer cells and nontumoral cells. The success of TME-targeted therapies highlights their potential to achieve better cancer control or even a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Youssef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rohan Maniar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jaffar Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hector Mesa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Deng B, Kong W, Suo H, Shen X, Newton MA, Burkett WC, Zhao Z, John C, Sun W, Zhang X, Fan Y, Hao T, Zhou C, Bae-Jump VL. Oleic Acid Exhibits Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Invasive Activities via the PTEN/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5407. [PMID: 38001668 PMCID: PMC10670880 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism promotes cell growth and metastasis through a variety of processes that stimulate signaling molecules, energy storage, and membrane biosynthesis in endometrial cancer. Oleic acid is one of the most important monounsaturated fatty acids in the human body, which appears to have both pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities in various pre-clinical models. In this study, we evaluated the potential anti-tumor effects of oleic acid in endometrial cancer cells and the LKB1fl/flp53fl/fl mouse model of endometrial cancer. Oleic acid increased lipogenesis, inhibited cell proliferation, caused cell cycle G1 arrest, induced cellular stress and apoptosis, and suppressed invasion in endometrial cancer cells. Targeting of diacylglycerol acyltransferases 1 and 2 effectively increased the cytotoxicity of oleic acid. Moreover, oleic acid significantly increased the expression of wild-type PTEN, and knockdown of PTEN by shRNA partially reversed the anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects of oleic acid. Inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway by ipatasertib effectively increased the anti-tumor activity of oleic acid in endometrial cancer cells. Oleic acid treatment (10 mg/kg, daily, oral) for four weeks significantly inhibited tumor growth by 52.1% in the LKB1fl/flp53fl/fl mice. Our findings demonstrated that oleic acid exhibited anti-tumorigenic activities, dependent on the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boer Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Weimin Kong
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Hongyan Suo
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Xiaochang Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Meredith A. Newton
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Wesley C. Burkett
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Catherine John
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Yali Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China; (B.D.); (H.S.); (X.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.K.); (M.A.N.); (W.C.B.); (C.J.); (W.S.); (T.H.)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Abdelmonem N, Salama R, Mostafa DH. Can an Alginate-based Wound Dressing Modified with Garden Cress Substitute for COE-PAK as a Wound Dressing? An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:787-797. [PMID: 38152912 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the current study was to prepare a natural oral wound dressing from alginate modified with garden cress (GC), a rich source of antibacterial phytochemical compounds essential for wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sodium alginate (SA) dressing (negative control group), was prepared and modified with GC seeds extracts (25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL) as the intervention groups, and COE-PAK was the positive control group. Cytotoxicity was measured using WST-1 assay (n = 15) after 24 and 48 hours. The in vitro wound healing assay (n = 15) was assessed in terms of wound width, and cell migration rate (0, 24, 48, and 72 hours). Agar diffusion test was performed to investigate the antibacterial action (n = 15) of the groups against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei strains. Results were significant at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in cytotoxicity in all groups (p = 0.24 at 24 hours and 0.1 at 48 hours). Garden cress-containing groups revealed the lowest mean value of wound width (0.27 mm ± 0.01 and 0.23 mm ± 0.01 for 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL, respectively at 48 hours) and the highest mean value of cell migration rate (0.013 mm/hour ± 0.004 and 0.014 mm/hour ± 0.004 for 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL, respectively at 48 hours), in addition to the highest antibacterial action (1.49 mm ± 0.05 and 2.14 mm ± 0.09 for 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL, respectively against S. mutans, 1.43 mm ± 0.07 and 2.55 mm ± 0.09 for 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL, respectively against L. casei). CONCLUSION Alginate wound dressing modified with GC extract could be considered a promising wound dressing material in terms of wound healing and antibacterial action. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Ready-to-use alginate-based wound dressing modified with GC extract may represent a promising natural alternative to the most commonly used oral wound dressing (COE-PAK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Abdelmonem
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Phone: +0201284611601, e-mail:
| | - Rania Salama
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina H Mostafa
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Githaka JM, Pirayeshfard L, Goping IS. Cancer invasion and metastasis: Insights from murine pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130375. [PMID: 37150225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related mortality. A better understanding of the players that drive the aberrant invasion and migration of tumors cells will provide critical targets to inhibit metastasis. Postnatal pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis is characterized by highly proliferative, invasive, and migratory normal epithelial cells. Identifying the molecular regulators of pubertal gland development is a promising strategy since tumorigenesis and metastasis is postulated to be a consequence of aberrant reactivation of developmental stages. In this review, we summarize the pubertal morphogenesis regulators that are involved in cancer metastasis and revisit pubertal mammary gland transcriptome profiling to uncover both known and unknown metastasis genes. Our updated list of pubertal morphogenesis regulators shows that most are implicated in invasion and metastasis. This review highlights molecular linkages between development and metastasis and provides a guide for exploring novel metastatic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maringa Githaka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Leila Pirayeshfard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Guo Z, Bergeron KF, Lingrand M, Mounier C. Unveiling the MUFA-Cancer Connection: Insights from Endogenous and Exogenous Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9921. [PMID: 37373069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) have been the subject of extensive research in the field of cancer due to their potential role in its prevention and treatment. MUFAs can be consumed through the diet or endogenously biosynthesized. Stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SCDs) are key enzymes involved in the endogenous synthesis of MUFAs, and their expression and activity have been found to be increased in various types of cancer. In addition, diets rich in MUFAs have been associated with cancer risk in epidemiological studies for certain types of carcinomas. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art literature on the associations between MUFA metabolism and cancer development and progression from human, animal, and cellular studies. We discuss the impact of MUFAs on cancer development, including their effects on cancer cell growth, migration, survival, and cell signaling pathways, to provide new insights on the role of MUFAs in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Guo
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| | - Karl-Frédérik Bergeron
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| | - Marine Lingrand
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Catherine Mounier
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
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Karmokar PF, Moniri NH. Oncogenic signaling of the free-fatty acid receptors FFA1 and FFA4 in human breast carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115328. [PMID: 36309079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women, and most breast cancer-associated deaths are due to metastasis and recurrence of the disease. Dietary habits, specifically dietary fat intake is a crucial risk factor involved in breast cancer development and progression. Decades of research has revealed that free-fatty acids (FFA) modulate carcinogenic processes through fatty acid metabolism and lipid peroxidation. The ground-breaking discovery of free-fatty acid receptors, which are members of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, has led to the realization that FFA can also act via these receptors to modulate carcinogenic effects. The long-chain free-fatty acid receptors FFA1 (previously termed GPR40) and FFA4 (previously termed GPR120) are activated by mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids including ω-3, 6, and 9 fatty acids. Initial enthusiasm towards the study of these receptors focused on their insulin secretagogue and sensitization effects, and the downstream associated metabolic regulation. However, recent studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression and/or aberrant FFA1/FFA4 signaling are evident in human breast carcinomas, suggesting that FFA receptors could be a promising target in the treatment of breast cancer. The current review discusses the diverse roles of FFA1 and FFA4 in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance in human breast carcinoma cells and tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka F Karmokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Nader H Moniri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Macon, GA 31207, USA.
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10
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Ku HC, Cheng CF. Role of adipocyte browning in prostate and breast tumor microenvironment. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:359-366. [PMID: 36578640 PMCID: PMC9791856 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_62_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) and breast cancer (BC) are the most common cancers in men and women, respectively, in developed countries. The increased incidence of PC and BC largely reflects an increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In pathological conditions involving the development and progression of PC and BC, adipose tissue plays an important role via paracrine and endocrine signaling. The increase in the amount of local adipose tissue, specifically periprostatic adipose tissue, may be a key contributor to the PC pathobiology. Similarly, breast adipose tissue secretion affects various aspects of BC by influencing tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and microenvironment. In this context, the role of white adipose tissue (WAT) has been extensively studied. However, the influence of browning of the WAT on the development and progression of PC and BC is unclear and has received less attention. In this review, we highlight that adipose tissue plays a vital role in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment in PC or BC and highlight the probable underlying mechanisms linking adipose tissue with PC or BC. We further discuss whether the browning of WAT could be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ching-Feng Cheng, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 289, Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei, Taiwan. E-mail:
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Farag MA, Gad MZ. Omega-9 fatty acids: potential roles in inflammation and cancer management. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:48. [PMID: 35294666 PMCID: PMC8927560 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Omega-9 fatty acids represent one of the main mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) found in plant and animal sources. They are synthesized endogenously in humans, though not fully compensating all body requirements. Consequently, they are considered as partially essential fatty acids. MUFA represent a healthier alternative to saturated animal fats and have several health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer characters. The main body of the abstract This review capitalizes on the major omega-9 pharmacological activities in context of inflammation management for its different natural forms in different dietary sources. The observed anti-inflammatory effects reported for oleic acid (OA), mead acid, and erucic acid were directed to attenuate inflammation in several physiological and pathological conditions such as wound healing and eye inflammation by altering the production of inflammatory mediators, modulating neutrophils infiltration, and altering VEGF effector pathway. OA action mechanisms as anti-tumor agent in different cancer types are compiled for the first time based on its anti- and pro-carcinogenic actions. Conclusion We conclude that several pathways are likely to explain the anti-proliferative activity of OA including suppression of migration and proliferation of breast cancer cells, as well stimulation of tumor suppressor genes. Such action mechanisms warrant for further supportive clinical and epidemiological studies to confirm the beneficial outcomes of omega-9 consumption especially over long-term intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., P.B, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Z Gad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Abstract
SignificanceThe study provided a long-sought molecular mechanism that could explain the link between fatty acid metabolism and cancer metastasis. Further understanding may lead to new strategies to inhibit cancer metastasis. The chemical proteomic approach developed here will be useful for discovering other regulatory mechanisms of protein function by small molecule metabolites.
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13
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Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and Its Minor Compounds Influence Apoptosis in Experimental Mammary Tumors and Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040905. [PMID: 35205652 PMCID: PMC8870719 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is a disease influenced by dietetic factors, such as the type and amount of lipids in a diet. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the different effects of two high-fat diets on the histopathological and molecular characteristics of mammary tumors in an experimental model. Animals fed with a diet high in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), compared to those fed with a diet high in seed oil, developed tumors with less aggressiveness and proliferation. Tumor molecular analyses of several cell death pathways also suggested an effect of EVOO in this process. In vitro experiments indicated the role of EVOO minor compounds on the effects of this oil. Obtaining insights into the influence and the mechanisms of action of dietary compounds are necessary to understand the relevance that dietetic habits from childhood may have on health and the risk of disease. Abstract Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Modifiable factors such as nutrition have a role in its etiology. In experimental tumors, we have observed the differential influence of high-fat diets in metabolic pathways, suggesting a different balance in proliferation/apoptosis. In this work, we analyzed the effects of a diet high in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and a diet high in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the histopathological features and different cell death pathways in the dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer model. The diet high in n-6 PUFA had a stimulating effect on the morphological aggressiveness of tumors and their proliferation, while no significant differences were found in groups fed the EVOO-enriched diet in comparison to a low-fat control group. The high-EVOO diet induced modifications in proteins involved in several cell death pathways. In vitro analysis in different human breast cancer cell lines showed an effect of EVOO minor compounds (especially hydroxytyrosol), but not of fatty acids, decreasing viability while increasing apoptosis. The results suggest an effect of dietary lipids on tumor molecular contexts that result in the modulation of different pathways, highlighting the importance of apoptosis in the interplay of survival processes and how dietary habits may have an impact on breast cancer risk.
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14
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Gao J, Ma K, Zhang L, Li T, Zhao B, Jiang Y. Paired related homeobox 1 attenuates autophagy via acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1-regulated fatty acid metabolism in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1006-1016. [PMID: 35032368 PMCID: PMC9063443 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy can affect the invasion and metastasis of carcinoma. Our previous study has shown that invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) can be promoted by the metabolic reprogramming of free fatty acids (FFAs). However, the effect of FFA metabolism on autophagy in SACC remains unknown. In this study, we showed that overexpression of paired related homeobox 1 (PRRX1) reduced the number of autophagosomes and decreased the expression of LC3 and Beclin‐1 in SACC patients and SACC‐83 cells in vitro. Moreover, PRRX1‐mediating FFA reprogramming triggered to autophagy via regulating acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), leading to invasion and migration in SACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Oral Implantology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.,School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kangjie Ma
- Department of Oral Implantology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.,School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Baodong Zhao
- Department of Oral Implantology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yaping Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
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15
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Moral R, Escrich E. Influence of Olive Oil and Its Components on Breast Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020477. [PMID: 35056792 PMCID: PMC8780060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasia and a leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. The Mediterranean diet has been proposed as a healthy dietary pattern with protective effects in several chronic diseases, including breast cancer. This diet is characterized by the consumption of abundant plant foods and olive oil as the principal source of fat, which is considered one of the main components with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) has several bioactive compounds, mainly including monounsaturated fatty acids, triterpenes and polyphenols, such as phenolic alcohols (e.g., hydroxytyrosol), secoiridoids (e.g., oleuropein and oleocanthal), lignans (e.g., pinoresinol) or flavonoids (e.g., luteolin). While epidemiological evidence is still limited, experimental in vivo and in vitro data have shown a protective effect of this oil and its compounds on mammary carcinogenesis. Such effects account through complex and multiple mechanisms, including changes in epigenetics, transcriptome and protein expression that modulate several signaling pathways. Molecular targets of EVOO compounds have a role in the acquisition of cancer hallmarks. Although further research is needed to elucidate their beneficial effects on human prevention and progression of the disease, evidence points to EVOO in the context of the Mediterranean diet as a heathy choice, while EVOO components may be promising adjuvants in anticancer strategies.
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16
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Dilnaz F, Zafar F, Afroze T, Zakia UB, Chowdhury T, Swarna SS, Fathma S, Tasmin R, Sakibuzzaman M, Fariza TT, Eshan SH. Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity: Two Imperative Components in Breast Cancer Prevention. Cureus 2021; 13:e17306. [PMID: 34567862 PMCID: PMC8451519 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous advances in medicine over the past few decades and significantly improved understanding of the symptomology and contributors to breast cancer (BC) incidence, BC rates continue to rise worldwide, with BC being a leading cause of cancer-related death among women. To reduce BC incidence, it is necessary to focus on promoting prevention strategies through a population-based approach of lowering exposure to modifiable risk factors in addition to the application of newer drug interventions (chemoprevention) for prevention in high-risk populations. Currently, available data suggest that lifestyle modifications through a healthy diet and increased physical activity (PA) play a crucial role in BC prevention; specifically, there is growing evidence to indicate that the Mediterranean diet (MeD) lowers cancer risk. This review summarizes the potential role of the MeD and PA in reducing BC risk, with an additional focus on microbial modulation in BC prevention, based on the current evidence obtained from PubMed. After reviewing the immunomodulatory and anticarcinogenic effects of both the MeD and PA, we conclude that further evaluation and proper implementation of both interventions can significantly reduce the risk of BC and associated mortality in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Dilnaz
- Internal Medicine, Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College & Hospital, Sylhet, BGD
| | - Farzina Zafar
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Decatur, USA
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, USA
| | - Tanzina Afroze
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Ummul B Zakia
- Internal Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Tutul Chowdhury
- Internal Medicine, One Brooklyn Health System, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Sanzida S Swarna
- Addiction Medicine, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Sawsan Fathma
- Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Internal Medicine, Bangladesh Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Ruhina Tasmin
- Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Md Sakibuzzaman
- Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
- Experimental Pathology (Cancer Biology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Internal Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
- Neuroscience, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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17
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Masner M, Lujea N, Bisbal M, Acosta C, Kunda P. Linoleic and oleic acids enhance cell migration by altering the dynamics of microtubules and the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14984. [PMID: 34294745 PMCID: PMC8298526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FA) have a multitude of biological actions on living cells. A target of their action is cell motility, a process of critical importance during cancer cell dissemination. Here, we studied the effect of unsaturated FA on ovarian cancer cell migration in vitro and its role in regulating cytoskeleton structures that are essential for cell motility. Scratch wound assays on human ovary cancer SKOV-3 cell monolayers revealed that low doses (16 μM) of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 ω6) and oleic acid (OA; 18:1 ω9) promoted migration, while α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 ω3), showed a migration rate similar to that of the control group. Single cell tracking demonstrated that LA and OA-treated cells migrated faster and were more orientated towards the wound closure than control. In vitro addition of those FA resulted in an increased number, length and protrusion speed of filopodia and also in a prominent and dynamic lamellipodia at the cell leading edge. Using time-lapse video-microscopy and FRAP we observed an increase in both the speed and frequency of actin waves associated with more mobile actin and augmented Rac1 activity. We also observed that FA induced microtubule-organizing center (MTOC)-orientation towards the cell front and affected the dynamics of microtubules (MT) in the direction of cell migration. We propose that environmental cues such as OA and LA present in ascitic fluid, should be taken into account as key factors for the regulation of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Masner
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional "Severo Amuchástegui" (CIMETSA), Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas Córdoba (IUCBC), Naciones Unidas 420, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - N Lujea
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional "Severo Amuchástegui" (CIMETSA), Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas Córdoba (IUCBC), Naciones Unidas 420, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Bisbal
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C Acosta
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia Kunda
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional "Severo Amuchástegui" (CIMETSA), Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas Córdoba (IUCBC), Naciones Unidas 420, Córdoba, Argentina.
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18
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Akt Isoforms: A Family Affair in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143445. [PMID: 34298660 PMCID: PMC8306188 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in the United States. The Akt signaling pathway is deregulated in approximately 70% of patients with breast cancer. While targeting Akt is an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of breast cancer, there are several members in the Akt family that play distinct roles in breast cancer. However, the function of Akt isoforms depends on many factors. This review analyzes current progress on the isoform-specific functions of Akt isoforms in breast cancer. Abstract Akt, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), belongs to the AGC family of protein kinases. It acts downstream of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and regulates diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell survival, metabolism, tumor growth and metastasis. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently deregulated in breast cancer and plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer. There are three closely related members in the Akt family, namely Akt1(PKBα), Akt2(PKBβ) and Akt3(PKBγ). Although Akt isoforms share similar structures, they exhibit redundant, distinct as well as opposite functions. While the Akt signaling pathway is an important target for cancer therapy, an understanding of the isoform-specific function of Akt is critical to effectively target this pathway. However, our perception regarding how Akt isoforms contribute to the genesis and progression of breast cancer changes as we gain new knowledge. The purpose of this review article is to analyze current literatures on distinct functions of Akt isoforms in breast cancer.
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19
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Kulathunga N, Kohno S, Linn P, Nishimoto Y, Horike SI, Zaraiskii MI, Kumar S, Muranaka H, Takahashi C. Peripubertal high-fat diet promotes c-Myc stabilization in mammary gland epithelium. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2336-2348. [PMID: 32437590 PMCID: PMC7385354 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fat consumption during accelerated stages of mammary gland development, such as peripubertal maturation or pregnancy, is known to increase the risk for breast cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we examined the gene expression profile of mouse mammary epithelial cells (MMECs) on exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) or control diet (CD). Trp53-/- female mice were fed with the experimental diets for 5 weeks during the peripubertal period (3-8 weeks of age). The treatment showed no significant difference in body weight between the HFD-fed mice and CD-fed mice. However, gene set enrichment analysis predicted a significant enrichment of c-Myc target genes in animals fed HFD. Furthermore, we detected enhanced activity and stabilization of c-Myc protein in MMECs exposed to a HFD. This was accompanied by augmented c-Myc phosphorylation at S62 with a concomitant increase in ERK phosphorylation. Moreover, MMECs derived from HFD-fed Trp53-/- mouse showed increased colony- and sphere-forming potential that was dependent on c-Myc. Further, oleic acid, a major fatty acid constituent of the HFD, and TAK-875, an agonist to G protein-coupled receptor 40 (a receptor for oleic acid), enhanced c-Myc stabilization and MMEC proliferation. Overall, our data indicate that HFD influences MMECs by stabilizing an oncoprotein, pointing to a novel mechanism underlying dietary fat-mediated mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilakshi Kulathunga
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Kohno
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Paing Linn
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuuki Nishimoto
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mikhail I Zaraiskii
- Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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20
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Bojková B, Winklewski PJ, Wszedybyl-Winklewska M. Dietary Fat and Cancer-Which Is Good, Which Is Bad, and the Body of Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114114. [PMID: 32526973 PMCID: PMC7312362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) induces changes in gut microbiota leading to activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, and obesity, as a consequence of overnutrition, exacerbates inflammation, a known risk factor not only for cancer. However, experimental data showed that the composition of dietary fat has a greater impact on the pathogenesis of cancer than the total fat content in isocaloric diets. Similarly, human studies did not prove that a decrease in total fat intake is an effective strategy to combat cancer. Saturated fat has long been considered as harmful, but the current consensus is that moderate intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), including palmitic acid (PA), does not pose a health risk within a balanced diet. In regard to monounsaturated fat, plant sources are recommended. The consumption of plant monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), particularly from olive oil, has been associated with lower cancer risk. Similarly, the replacement of animal MUFAs with plant MUFAs decreased cancer mortality. The impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on cancer risk depends on the ratio between ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs. In vivo data showed stimulatory effects of ω-6 PUFAs on tumour growth while ω-3 PUFAs were protective, but the results of human studies were not as promising as indicated in preclinical reports. As for trans FAs (TFAs), experimental data mostly showed opposite effects of industrially produced and natural TFAs, with the latter being protective against cancer progression, but human data are mixed, and no clear conclusion can be made. Further studies are warranted to establish the role of FAs in the control of cell growth in order to find an effective strategy for cancer prevention/treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Pawel J. Winklewski
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Pomeranian University of Slupsk, 76-200 Slupsk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-58-3491515
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21
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Fan S, Shahid M, Jin P, Asher A, Kim J. Identification of Metabolic Alterations in Breast Cancer Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomic Analysis. Metabolites 2020; 10:E170. [PMID: 32344578 PMCID: PMC7241246 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major global health issue and remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women, contributing to approximately 41,760 deaths annually. BC is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although various molecular diagnostic tools have been developed to improve diagnosis of BC in the clinical setting, better detection tools for earlier diagnosis can improve survival rates. Given that altered metabolism is a characteristic feature of BC, we aimed to understand the comparative metabolic differences between BC and healthy controls. Metabolomics, the study of metabolism, can provide incredible insight and create useful tools for identifying potential BC biomarkers. In this study, we applied two analytical mass spectrometry (MS) platforms, including hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and gas chromatography (GC), to generate BC-associated metabolic profiles using breast tissue from BC patients. These metabolites were further analyzed to identify differentially expressed metabolites in BC and their associated metabolic networks. Additionally, Chemical Similarity Enrichment Analysis (ChemRICH), MetaMapp, and Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis (MSEA) identified significantly enriched clusters and networks in BC tissues. Since metabolomic signatures hold significant promise in the clinical setting, more effort should be placed on validating potential BC biomarkers based on identifying altered metabolomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sili Fan
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Departments of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Peng Jin
- Departments of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Arash Asher
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Departments of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.S.); (P.J.)
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Urology, Ga Cheon University College of Medicine, Incheon 461-701, Korea
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22
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Donovan MG, Selmin OI, Stillwater BJ, Neumayer LA, Romagnolo DF. Do Olive and Fish Oils of the Mediterranean Diet Have a Role in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy? An Exploration of Evidence in Cells and Animal Models. Front Nutr 2020; 7:571455. [PMID: 33123546 PMCID: PMC7573103 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.571455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are the most aggressive and lethal of the breast cancer molecular subtypes, due in part to a poor understanding of TNBC etiology and lack of targeted therapeutics. Despite advances in the clinical management of TNBC, optimal treatment regimens remain elusive. Thus, identifying interventional approaches that suppress the initiation and progression of TNBC, while minimizing side effects, would be of great interest. Studies have documented an inverse relationship between the incidence of hormone receptor negative breast cancer and adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, particularly higher consumption of fish and olive oil. Here, we performed a review of studies over the last 5 years investigating the effects of fish oil, olive oil and their components in model systems of TNBC. We included studies that focused on the fish oil ω-3 essential fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in addition to olive oil polyphenolic compounds and oleic acid. Both beneficial and deleterious effects on TNBC model systems are reviewed and we highlight how multiple components of these Mediterranean Diet oils target signaling pathways known to be aberrant in TNBC including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB/COX2 and Wnt/β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah G. Donovan
- Interdisciplinary Cancer Biology Graduate Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ornella I. Selmin
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Barbara J. Stillwater
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery Oncology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Leigh A. Neumayer
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery Oncology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Donato F. Romagnolo
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Donato F. Romagnolo
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23
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Hinz N, Jücker M. Distinct functions of AKT isoforms in breast cancer: a comprehensive review. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:154. [PMID: 31752925 PMCID: PMC6873690 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AKT, also known as protein kinase B, is a key element of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, AKT regulates the hallmarks of cancer, e.g. tumor growth, survival and invasiveness of tumor cells. After AKT was discovered in the early 1990s, further studies revealed that there are three different AKT isoforms, namely AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3. Despite their high similarity of 80%, the distinct AKT isoforms exert non-redundant, partly even opposing effects under physiological and pathological conditions. Breast cancer as the most common cancer entity in women, frequently shows alterations of the PI3K/AKT signaling. MAIN CONTENT A plethora of studies addressed the impact of AKT isoforms on tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of breast cancer as well as on therapy response and overall survival in patients. Therefore, this review aimed to give a comprehensive overview about the isoform-specific effects of AKT in breast cancer and to summarize known downstream and upstream mechanisms. Taking account of conflicting findings among the studies, the majority of the studies reported a tumor initiating role of AKT1, whereas AKT2 is mainly responsible for tumor progression and metastasis. In detail, AKT1 increases cell proliferation through cell cycle proteins like p21, p27 and cyclin D1 and impairs apoptosis e.g. via p53. On the downside AKT1 decreases migration of breast cancer cells, for instance by regulating TSC2, palladin and EMT-proteins. However, AKT2 promotes migration and invasion most notably through regulation of β-integrins, EMT-proteins and F-actin. Whilst AKT3 is associated with a negative ER-status, findings about the role of AKT3 in regulation of the key properties of breast cancer are sparse. Accordingly, AKT1 is mutated and AKT2 is amplified in some cases of breast cancer and AKT isoforms are associated with overall survival and therapy response in an isoform-specific manner. CONCLUSIONS Although there are several discussed hypotheses how isoform specificity is achieved, the mechanisms behind the isoform-specific effects remain mostly unrevealed. As a consequence, further effort is necessary to achieve deeper insights into an isoform-specific AKT signaling in breast cancer and the mechanism behind it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Hinz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jücker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Gentile P, Calabrese C, De Angelis B, Pizzicannella J, Kothari A, Garcovich S. Impact of the Different Preparation Methods to Obtain Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells (AD-SVFs) and Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs): Enzymatic Digestion Versus Mechanical Centrifugation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5471. [PMID: 31684107 PMCID: PMC6862236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous therapies using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AD-SVFs) and adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) warrant careful preparation of the harvested adipose tissue. Currently, no standardized technique for this preparation exists. Processing quantitative standards (PQSs) define manufacturing quantitative variables (such as time, volume, and pressure). Processing qualitative standards (PQLSs) define the quality of the materials and methods in manufacturing. The purpose of the review was to use PQSs and PQLSs to report the in vivo and in vitro results obtained by different processing kits that use different procedures (enzymatic vs. non-enzymatic) to isolate human AD-SVFs/AD-MSCs. PQSs included the volume of fat tissue harvested and reagents used, the time/gravity of centrifugation, and the time, temperature, and tilt level/speed of incubation and/or centrifugation. PQLSs included the use of a collagenase, a processing time of 30 min, kit weight, transparency of the kit components, the maintenance of a closed sterile processing environment, and the use of a small centrifuge and incubating rocker. Using a kit with the PQSs and PQLSs described in this study enables the isolation of AD-MSCs that meet the consensus quality criteria. As the discovery of new critical quality attributes (CQAs) of AD-MSCs evolve with respect to purity and potency, adjustments to these benchmark PQSs and PQLs will hopefully isolate AD-MSCs of various CQAs with greater reproducibility, quality, and safety. Confirmatory studies will no doubt need to be completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara De Angelis
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Chief of Breast Surgery Unit, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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25
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Chu DT, Phuong TNT, Tien NLB, Tran DK, Nguyen TT, Thanh VV, Quang TL, Minh LB, Pham VH, Ngoc VTN, Kushekhar K, Chu-Dinh T. The Effects of Adipocytes on the Regulation of Breast Cancer in the Tumor Microenvironment: An Update. Cells 2019; 8:E857. [PMID: 31398937 PMCID: PMC6721665 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global pandemic and it is well evident that obesity is associated with the development of many disorders including many cancer types. Breast cancer is one of that associated with a high mortality rate. Adipocytes, a major cellular component in adipose tissue, are dysfunctional during obesity and also known to promote breast cancer development both in vitro and in vivo. Dysfunctional adipocytes can release metabolic substrates, adipokines, and cytokines, which promote proliferation, progression, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells. The secretion of adipocytes can alter gene expression profile, induce inflammation and hypoxia, as well as inhibit apoptosis. It is known that excessive free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglycerides, hormones, leptin, interleukins, and chemokines upregulate breast cancer development. Interestingly, adiponectin is the only adipokine that has anti-tumor properties. Moreover, adipocytes are also related to chemotherapeutic resistance, resulting in the poorer outcome of treatment and advanced stages in breast cancer. Evaluation of the adipocyte secretion levels in the circulation can be useful for prognosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of cancer therapy in the patients. Therefore, understanding about functions of adipocytes as well as obesity in breast cancer may reveal novel targets that support the development of new anti-tumor therapy. In this systemic review, we summarize and update the effects of secreted factors by adipocytes on the regulation of breast cancer in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Toi Chu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
- Former address: Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Nguyen Le Bao Tien
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Dang-Khoa Tran
- Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine Pham Ngoc Thach, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tran-Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, E Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Vo Van Thanh
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Department of Surgery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Luu Quang
- Center for Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Le Bui Minh
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh St., Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Van Huy Pham
- AI Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Kushi Kushekhar
- Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thien Chu-Dinh
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam.
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26
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Wei D, Zhang G, Zhu Z, Zheng Y, Yan F, Pan C, Wang Z, Li X, Wang F, Meng P, Zheng W, Yan Z, Zhai D, Lu Z, Yuan J. Nobiletin Inhibits Cell Viability via the SRC/AKT/STAT3/YY1AP1 Pathway in Human Renal Carcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:690. [PMID: 31354472 PMCID: PMC6635658 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin is a polymethoxy flavonoid isolated from Citrus depressa and Citrus reticulata. It has been reported that nobiletin can suppress tumors. We primarily explored the antitumor effects of nobiletin and the associated potential mechanisms in ACHN and Caki-2 renal carcinoma cells. A CCK-8 assay and cloning experiments were used to assess cell viability, and a transwell assay and scratch test were used to assess metastatic ability. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry, whereas apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry and a terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Protein expression was examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Renal cancer cells were subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice for in vivo studies. The data showed that nobiletin administration significantly dose- and time-dependently suppressed renal cancer cell proliferation; moreover, nobiletin treatment induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and promoted apoptosis. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that nobiletin decreased the nuclear localization of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and YY1-associated protein 1 (YY1AP1). Western blot showed that the levels of phosphorylated SRC, phosphorylated AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), and phosphorylated STAT3 were decreased, whereas that of phosphorylated YY1AP1 was increased. The results further showed that application of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was able to reverse the nobiletin-induced changes in the levels of phosphorylated AKT, phosphorylated STAT3, and phosphorylated YY1AP1, and could also reverse the antitumor effects of nobiletin. The results of in vivo experiments showed that, compared to the control, tumor volume and weight were both reduced following nobiletin treatment. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that nobiletin can inhibit renal carcinoma cell viability and provides a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wei
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Geng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chongxian Pan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fuli Wang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanxiang Zheng
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zifan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianlin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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