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Zhuo T, Yao X, Mei Y, Yang H, Maimaitiyiming A, Huang X, Lei Z, Wang Y, Tao N, An H. Effect of metabolic syndrome on testosterone levels in patients with metastatic prostate cancer: a real-world retrospective study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17823. [PMID: 39099654 PMCID: PMC11298165 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been shown to have a negative impact on prostate cancer (PCa). However, there is limited research on the effects of MetS on testosterone levels in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). Objective This study aims to investigate the influence of MetS, its individual components, and composite metabolic score on the prognosis of mPCa patients, as well as the impact on testosterone levels. Additionally, it seeks to identify MetS-related risk factors that could impact the time of decline in testosterone levels among mPCa patients. Methods A total of 212 patients with mPCa were included in the study. The study included 94 patients in the Non-MetS group and 118 patients in the combined MetS group. To analyze the relationship between MetS and testosterone levels in patients with mPCa. Additionally, the study aimed to identify independent risk factors that affect the time for testosterone levels decline through multifactor logistic regression analysis. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Compared to the Non-MetS group, the combined MetS group had a higher proportion of patients with high tumor burden, T stage ≥ 4, and Gleason score ≥ 8 points (P < 0.05). Patients in the combined MetS group also had higher lowest testosterone values and it took longer for their testosterone to reach the lowest level (P < 0.05). The median progression-free survival (PFS) time for patients in the Non-MetS group was 21 months, while for those in the combined MetS group it was 18 months (P = 0.001). Additionally, the median overall survival (OS) time for the Non-MetS group was 62 months, whereas for the combined MetS group it was 38 months (P < 0.001). The median PFS for patients with a composite metabolic score of 0-2 points was 21 months, 3 points was 18 months, and 4-5 points was 15 months (P = 0.002). The median OS was 62 months, 42 months, and 29 months respectively (P < 0.001). MetS was found to be an independent risk factor for testosterone levels falling to the lowest value for more than 6 months. The risk of testosterone levels falling to the lowest value for more than 6 months in patients with MetS was 2.157 times higher than that of patients with Non-MetS group (P = 0.031). Patients with hyperglycemia had a significantly higher lowest values of testosterone (P = 0.015). Additionally, patients with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 exhibited lower initial testosterone levels (P = 0.007). Furthermore, patients with TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L experienced a longer time for testosterone levels to drop to the nadir (P = 0.023). The lowest value of testosterone in the group with a composite metabolic score of 3 or 4-5 was higher than that in the 0-2 group, and the time required for testosterone levels to decrease to the lowest value was also longer (P < 0.05). Conclusion When monitoring testosterone levels in mPCa patients, it is important to consider the impact of MetS and its components, and make timely adjustments to individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiangyue Yao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yujie Mei
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hudie Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Xin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhuang Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ning Tao
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hengqing An
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Li D, Zhou X, Xu W, Cai Y, Mu C, Zhao X, Tang T, Liang C, Yang T, Zheng J, Wei L, Ma B. High-fat diet promotes prostate cancer metastasis via RPS27. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:6. [PMID: 38365771 PMCID: PMC10870677 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the leading cause of death among prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Obesity is associated with both PCa-specific and all-cause mortality. High-fat diet (HFD) is a risk factor contributing to obesity. However, the association of HFD with PCa metastasis and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. METHODS Tumor xenografts were conducted by intrasplenic injections. The ability of migration or invasion was detected by transwell assay. The expression levels of RPS27 were detected by QRT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS The present study verified the increase in PCa metastasis caused by HFD in mice. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated increased RPS27 in the experimentally induced PCa in HFD mice, indicating that it is an unfavorable prognostic factor. Intrasplenic injections were used to demonstrate that RPS27 overexpression promotes, while RPS27 knockdown significantly reduces, PCa liver metastasis. Moreover, RPS27 inhibition suppresses the effects of HFD on PCa metastasis. Further mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that RPS27 promotes PCa metastasis by selectively enhancing the expression of various genes. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that HFD increases the risk of PCa metastasis by elevating RPS27 expression and, subsequently, the expression of genes involved in PRAD progression. Therefore, RPS27 may serve as a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dameng Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueying Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxian Xu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongxin Cai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglong Mu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinchun Zhao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liang Wei
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bo Ma
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Cao H, Wang Y, Zhang D, Liu B, Zhou H, Wang S. Periprostatic Adipose Tissue: A New Perspective for Diagnosing and Treating Prostate Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:204-217. [PMID: 38164282 PMCID: PMC10751678 DOI: 10.7150/jca.89750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common tumor of the male genitourinary system. It will eventually progress to fatal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, for which treatment options are limited. Adipose tissues are distributed in various parts of the body. They have different morphological structures and functional characteristics and are associated with the development of various tumors. Periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) is the closest white visceral adipose tissue to the prostate and is part of the PCa tumor microenvironment. Studies have shown that PPAT is involved in PCa development, progression, invasion, and metastasis through the secretion of multiple active molecules. Factors such as obesity, diet, exercise, and organochlorine pesticides can affect the development of PCa indirectly or directly through PPAT. Based on the mechanism of PPAT's involvement in regulating PCa, this review summarized various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for PCa with potential applications to assess the progression of patients' disease and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Cao
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Difei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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AlZaim I, El-Nikhely N, Al-Saidi A, Mougharbil N, Darwiche N, Abou-Kheir W, El-Yazbi AF. Periprostatic adipose tissue thromboinflammation triggers prostatic neoplasia in early metabolic impairment: Interruption by rivaroxaban. Life Sci 2023; 334:122225. [PMID: 38084675 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Prostate cancer is among the highest incidence malignancies in men with a prevalence rate increasing in parallel to the rising global trends in metabolic disorders. Whereas a sizeable body of evidence links metabolic impairment to negative prognosis of prostate cancer, the molecular mechanism underlying this connection has not been thoroughly examined. Our previous work showed that localized adipose tissue inflammation occurring in select adipose depots in early metabolic derangement instigated significant molecular, structural, and functional alterations in neighboring tissues underlying the complications observed at this stage. In this context, the periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) constitutes an understudied microenvironment with potential influence on the prostatic milieu. MAIN METHODS AND RESULTS We show that PPAT inflammation occurs in early prediabetes with signs of increased thrombogenic activity including enhanced expression and function of Factor X. This was mirrored by early neoplastic alterations in the prostate with fibrosis, increased epithelial thickness with marked luminal cellular proliferation and enhanced formation of intraepithelial neoplasia. Significantly, interruption of the procoagulant state in PPAT by a 10-day anticoagulant rivaroxaban treatment not only mitigated PPAT inflammation, but also reduced signs of prostatic neoplastic changes. Moreover, rivaroxaban decreased the murine PLum-AD epithelial prostatic cell viability, proliferation, migration, and colony forming capacity, while increasing oxidative stress. A protease-activated receptor-2 agonist reversed some of these effects. SIGNIFICANCE We provide some evidence of a molecular framework for the crosstalk between PPAT and prostatic tissue leading to early neoplastic changes in metabolic impairment mediated by upregulation of PPAT thromboinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy and Research & Innovation Hub, Alamein International University, Alamein 51718, Egypt
| | - Aya Al-Saidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nahed Mougharbil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Darwiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Research & Innovation Hub, Alamein International University, Alamein 51718, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
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5
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Thromboinflammatory Processes at the Nexus of Metabolic Dysfunction and Prostate Cancer: The Emerging Role of Periprostatic Adipose Tissue. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071679. [PMID: 35406450 PMCID: PMC8996963 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As overweight and obesity increase among the population worldwide, a parallel increase in the number of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer was observed. There appears to be a relationship between both diseases where the increase in the mass of fat tissue can lead to inflammation. Such a state of inflammation could produce many factors that increase the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, especially if this inflammation occurred in the fat stores adjacent to the prostate. Another important observation that links obesity, fat tissue inflammation, and prostate cancer is the increased production of blood clotting factors. In this article, we attempt to explain the role of these latter factors in the effect of increased body weight on the progression of prostate cancer and propose new ways of treatment that act by affecting how these clotting factors work. Abstract The increased global prevalence of metabolic disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and diabetes is mirrored by an increased incidence of prostate cancer (PCa). Ample evidence suggests that these metabolic disorders, being characterized by adipose tissue (AT) expansion and inflammation, not only present as risk factors for the development of PCa, but also drive its increased aggressiveness, enhanced progression, and metastasis. Despite the emerging molecular mechanisms linking AT dysfunction to the various hallmarks of PCa, thromboinflammatory processes implicated in the crosstalk between these diseases have not been thoroughly investigated. This is of particular importance as both diseases present states of hypercoagulability. Accumulating evidence implicates tissue factor, thrombin, and active factor X as well as other players of the coagulation cascade in the pathophysiological processes driving cancer development and progression. In this regard, it becomes pivotal to elucidate the thromboinflammatory processes occurring in the periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), a fundamental microenvironmental niche of the prostate. Here, we highlight key findings linking thromboinflammation and the pleiotropic effects of coagulation factors and their inhibitors in metabolic diseases, PCa, and their crosstalk. We also propose several novel therapeutic targets and therapeutic interventions possibly modulating the interaction between these pathological states.
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6
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Sun Y, Sedgwick AJ, Khan MAAK, Palarasah Y, Mangiola S, Barrow AD. A Transcriptional Signature of IL-2 Expanded Natural Killer Cells Predicts More Favorable Prognosis in Bladder Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724107. [PMID: 34858395 PMCID: PMC8631443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of natural killer (NK) cell function is regulated by cytokines, such as IL-2, and secreted factors upregulated in the tumor microenvironment, such as platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGF-DD). In order to elucidate a clinical role for these important regulators of NK cell function in antitumor immunity, we generated transcriptional signatures representing resting, IL-2-expanded, and PDGF-DD-activated, NK cell phenotypes and established their abundance in The Cancer Genome Atlas bladder cancer (BLCA) dataset using CIBERSORT. The IL-2-expanded NK cell phenotype was the most abundant in low and high grades of BLCA tumors and was associated with improved prognosis. In contrast, PDGFD expression was associated with numerous cancer hallmark pathways in BLCA tumors compared with normal bladder tissue, and a high tumor abundance of PDGFD transcripts and the PDGF-DD-activated NK cell phenotype were associated with a poor BLCA prognosis. Finally, high tumor expression of transcripts encoding the activating NK cell receptors, KLRK1 and the CD160-TNFRSF14 receptor-ligand pair, was strongly correlated with the IL-2-expanded NK cell phenotype and improved BLCA prognosis. The transcriptional parameters we describe may be optimized to improve BLCA patient prognosis and risk stratification in the clinic and potentially provide gene targets of therapeutic significance for enhancing NK cell antitumor immunity in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander James Sedgwick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Md Abdullah-Al-Kamran Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stefano Mangiola
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander David Barrow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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O'Connell F, O'Sullivan J. Help or hindrance: The obesity paradox in cancer treatment response. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:269-280. [PMID: 34534616 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a rising epidemic, the influence of which on cancer development, progression as well as its impact on current standard of care cancer treatments is profound with many facets. Obesity is emerging as a modulating factor in many cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and combination therapies. It has been reported to diminish the efficacy of some treatments but has also been alluded to being protective in terms of reduced treatment toxicities, thus the evolution of the obesity paradox. The obese tumour microenvironment influences treatment response through modulation of a series of aspects, including altered adipocyte secretome, angiogenesis, hypoxia, fibrosis, free fatty acid uptake as well as a modulated immune landscape. However, the influence of these underlying mechanisms on cancer treatment response and the biological action of adipose tissue is still largely unknown. Elucidation of these facets may lead to the enhanced efficacy of current treatment options or the identification of novel methods to combat cancer in the obese tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona O'Connell
- Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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8
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Gao L, Zhao R, Liu J, Zhang W, Sun F, Yin Q, Wang X, Wang M, Feng T, Qin Y, Cai W, Li Q, Dong H, Chen X, Xiong X, Liu H, Hu J, Chen W, Han B. KIF15 Promotes Progression of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer by Activating EGFR Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:679173. [PMID: 34804913 PMCID: PMC8599584 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.679173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) continues to be a major clinical problem and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation is an important event that regulates mitogenic signaling. EGFR signaling plays an important role in the transition from androgen dependence to castration-resistant state in prostate cancer (PCa). Kinesin family member 15 (KIF15) has been suggested to be overexpressed in multiple malignancies. Here, we demonstrate that KIF15 expression is elevated in CRPC. We show that KIF15 contributes to CRPC progression by enhancing the EGFR signaling pathway, which includes complex network intermediates such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways. In CRPC tumors, increased expression of KIF15 is positively correlated with EGFR protein level. KIF15 binds to EGFR, and prevents EGFR proteins from degradation in a Cdc42-dependent manner. These findings highlight the key role of KIF15 in the development of CRPC and rationalize KIF15 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ru Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junmei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianshuo Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjie Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianni Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanchen Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xueqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xueting Xiong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hui Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Sun Y, Sedgwick AJ, Palarasah Y, Mangiola S, Barrow AD. A Transcriptional Signature of PDGF-DD Activated Natural Killer Cells Predicts More Favorable Prognosis in Low-Grade Glioma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:668391. [PMID: 34539622 PMCID: PMC8444979 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGF-DD) to the NKp44 receptor activates a distinct transcriptional program in primary IL-2 expanded human natural killer (NK) cells. We were interested in knowing if the PDGF-DD-NKp44 pathway of NK cell activation might play a clinically relevant role in anti-tumor immunity. In order to address this question, we determined transcriptional signatures unique to resting, IL-2 expanded, and PDGF-DD activated, NK cells, in addition to different T cell subsets, and established the abundance of these immune cell phenotypes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) low-grade glioma (LGG) dataset using CIBERSORT. Our results show that LGG patient tumors enriched for either the PDGF-DD activated NK cell or memory CD8+ T cell phenotypes are associated with a more favorable prognosis. Combined cell phenotype analyses revealed that patients with LGG tumors enriched for the PDGF-DD activated NK cell phenotype and the CD4+ T helper cell phenotype had a more favorable prognosis. High expression of transcripts encoding members of the killer cell lectin-like receptor (KLR) family, such as KLRK1 and KLRC2, KLRC3 and KLRC4 in LGG tumors were associated with more favorable prognosis, suggesting that these NK cell family receptors may play a prominent role in LGG anti-tumor immunity. Finally, many of the TCGA findings were reciprocated in LGG patients from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset. Our results provide transcriptomic evidence that PDGF-DD activated NK cells and KLR family receptors may play an important clinical role in immune surveillance of LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander James Sedgwick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stefano Mangiola
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander David Barrow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne and The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Mangiola S, McCoy P, Modrak M, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Blashki D, Stuchbery R, Keam SP, Kerger M, Chow K, Nasa C, Le Page M, Lister N, Monard S, Peters J, Dundee P, Williams SG, Costello AJ, Neeson PJ, Pal B, Huntington ND, Corcoran NM, Papenfuss AT, Hovens CM. Transcriptome sequencing and multi-plex imaging of prostate cancer microenvironment reveals a dominant role for monocytic cells in progression. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:846. [PMID: 34294073 PMCID: PMC8296706 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is caused by genomic aberrations in normal epithelial cells, however clinical translation of findings from analyses of cancer cells alone has been very limited. A deeper understanding of the tumour microenvironment is needed to identify the key drivers of disease progression and reveal novel therapeutic opportunities. RESULTS In this study, the experimental enrichment of selected cell-types, the development of a Bayesian inference model for continuous differential transcript abundance, and multiplex immunohistochemistry permitted us to define the transcriptional landscape of the prostate cancer microenvironment along the disease progression axis. An important role of monocytes and macrophages in prostate cancer progression and disease recurrence was uncovered, supported by both transcriptional landscape findings and by differential tissue composition analyses. These findings were corroborated and validated by spatial analyses at the single-cell level using multiplex immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS This study advances our knowledge concerning the role of monocyte-derived recruitment in primary prostate cancer, and supports their key role in disease progression, patient survival and prostate microenvironment immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mangiola
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick McCoy
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Modrak
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Blashki
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan Stuchbery
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon P Keam
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Michael Kerger
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Chow
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chayanica Nasa
- Flow Cytometry Facility, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Le Page
- Flow Cytometry Facility, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Lister
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Monard
- Flow Cytometry Facility, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justin Peters
- Epworth Center of Cancer Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phil Dundee
- Epworth Center of Cancer Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott G Williams
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Anthony J Costello
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J Neeson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal
- The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas D Huntington
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Niall M Corcoran
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony T Papenfuss
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Christopher M Hovens
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Skeletal Muscle-Adipose Tissue-Tumor Axis: Molecular Mechanisms Linking Exercise Training in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094469. [PMID: 33922898 PMCID: PMC8123194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased visceral adiposity may influence the development of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressive tumors and cancer mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT), usually referred to as periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), surrounds the prostatic gland and has emerged as a potential mediator of the tumor microenvironment. Exercise training (ET) induces several adaptations in both skeletal muscle and WAT. Some of these effects are mediated by ET-induced synthesis and secretion of several proteins, known as myo- and adipokines. Together, myokines and adipokines may act in an endocrine-like manner to favor communication between skeletal muscle and WAT, as they may work together to improve whole-body metabolic health. This crosstalk may constitute a potential mechanism by which ET exerts its beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of PCa-related disorders; however, this has not yet been explored. Therefore, we reviewed the current evidence on the effects of skeletal muscle–WAT–tumor crosstalk in PCa, and the potential mediators of this process to provide a better understanding of underlying ET-related mechanisms in cancer.
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12
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Mangiola S, Thomas EA, Modrák M, Vehtari A, Papenfuss A. Probabilistic outlier identification for RNA sequencing generalized linear models. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab005. [PMID: 33709073 PMCID: PMC7936652 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Relative transcript abundance has proven to be a valuable tool for understanding the function of genes in biological systems. For the differential analysis of transcript abundance using RNA sequencing data, the negative binomial model is by far the most frequently adopted. However, common methods that are based on a negative binomial model are not robust to extreme outliers, which we found to be abundant in public datasets. So far, no rigorous and probabilistic methods for detection of outliers have been developed for RNA sequencing data, leaving the identification mostly to visual inspection. Recent advances in Bayesian computation allow large-scale comparison of observed data against its theoretical distribution given in a statistical model. Here we propose ppcseq, a key quality-control tool for identifying transcripts that include outlier data points in differential expression analysis, which do not follow a negative binomial distribution. Applying ppcseq to analyse several publicly available datasets using popular tools, we show that from 3 to 10 percent of differentially abundant transcripts across algorithms and datasets had statistics inflated by the presence of outliers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mangiola
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Evan A Thomas
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Martin Modrák
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 1083, Czech Republic
| | - Aki Vehtari
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Anthony T Papenfuss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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13
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Hermoso DAM, Bizerra PFV, Constantin RP, Ishii-Iwamoto EL, Gilglioni EH. Association between metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, and testosterone deficiency: evidences from studies with men and rodents. Aging Male 2020; 23:1296-1315. [PMID: 32406295 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1764927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is the predominant androgen in men and the lack of it can be a trigger to the development of the metabolic syndrome. Here we review the relationship between testosterone deficiency, metabolic syndrome, and hepatic steatosis reported by studies with men and rodents. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and testosterone deficiency is higher among older subjects. Low total and free testosterone levels were positively associated with disturbs on energy metabolism, changes in body fat distribution, and body composition. Studies reported visceral fat accumulation in men with hypogonadism and castrated rats. Despite some contradictions, the association between higher adiposity, low testosterone, and metabolic syndrome was a common point among the studies. Few studies evaluated the hepatic steatosis and found an association with hypogonadism. Most of the studies with rodents combined the castration with a high-fat diet to study metabolic disturbs. The importance of proper levels of testosterone for energy metabolism homeostasis in men was also underlined by studies that investigated the metabolic effects of testosterone replacement therapy and androgen deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Aparecida Munhos Hermoso
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hideo Gilglioni
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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14
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de Bono JS, Guo C, Gurel B, De Marzo AM, Sfanos KS, Mani RS, Gil J, Drake CG, Alimonti A. Prostate carcinogenesis: inflammatory storms. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:455-469. [PMID: 32546840 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Intra-prostatic inflammation is a risk factor for prostate carcinogenesis, with diet, chemical injury and an altered microbiome being causally implicated. Intra-prostatic inflammatory cell recruitment and expansion can ultimately promote DNA double-strand breaks and androgen receptor activation in prostate epithelial cells. The activation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype fuels further 'inflammatory storms', with free radicals leading to further DNA damage. This drives the overexpression of DNA repair and tumour suppressor genes, rendering these genes susceptible to mutagenic insults, with carcinogenesis accelerated by germline DNA repair gene defects. We provide updates on recent advances in elucidating prostate carcinogenesis and explore novel therapeutic and prevention strategies harnessing these discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann S de Bono
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK.
| | - Christina Guo
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Bora Gurel
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Karen S Sfanos
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ram S Mani
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Owen KL, Gearing LJ, Zanker DJ, Brockwell NK, Khoo WH, Roden DL, Cmero M, Mangiola S, Hong MK, Spurling AJ, McDonald M, Chan C, Pasam A, Lyons RJ, Duivenvoorden HM, Ryan A, Butler LM, Mariadason JM, Giang Phan T, Hayes VM, Sandhu S, Swarbrick A, Corcoran NM, Hertzog PJ, Croucher PI, Hovens C, Parker BS. Prostate cancer cell-intrinsic interferon signaling regulates dormancy and metastatic outgrowth in bone. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50162. [PMID: 32314873 PMCID: PMC7271653 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The latency associated with bone metastasis emergence in castrate-resistant prostate cancer is attributed to dormancy, a state in which cancer cells persist prior to overt lesion formation. Using single-cell transcriptomics and ex vivo profiling, we have uncovered the critical role of tumor-intrinsic immune signaling in the retention of cancer cell dormancy. We demonstrate that loss of tumor-intrinsic type I IFN occurs in proliferating prostate cancer cells in bone. This loss suppresses tumor immunogenicity and therapeutic response and promotes bone cell activation to drive cancer progression. Restoration of tumor-intrinsic IFN signaling by HDAC inhibition increased tumor cell visibility, promoted long-term antitumor immunity, and blocked cancer growth in bone. Key findings were validated in patients, including loss of tumor-intrinsic IFN signaling and immunogenicity in bone metastases compared to primary tumors. Data herein provide a rationale as to why current immunotherapeutics fail in bone-metastatic prostate cancer, and provide a new therapeutic strategy to overcome the inefficacy of immune-based therapies in solid cancers.
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16
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Pre-treatment ratio of periprostatic to subcutaneous fat thickness on MRI is an independent survival predictor in hormone-naïve men with advanced prostate cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 25:370-376. [PMID: 31617025 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown an association between obesity and prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. However, little is known about periprostatic fat (PPF) and its relationship with overall fat deposition in PCa. PPF is thought to contribute to PCa growth and migration via secreted factors and induction of chronic inflammation. We investigated if pre-treatment PPF thickness correlates with overall survival (OS). METHODS We reviewed 85 hormone-naïve men with advanced PCa who had received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). PPF thickness was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared with subcutaneous fat (SCF) thickness as an internal control. Visceral fat (VF) area measured by computed tomography served as an additional control. We evaluated the relationship between laboratory data, pathology results, and obesity parameters and OS. RESULTS Median follow-up was 50.6 months. Thirty-six patients died during follow-up. Univariate analysis revealed that nadir PSA titer, Gleason score, N stage, M stage, extent of disease by bone scan grade, hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and PPF/SCF ratio were associated with OS. Multivariate analysis revealed that nadir PSA titer, N stage, and PPF/SCF ratio were independent prognostic factors for survival. The 5-year OS in the patients with higher PPF/SCF ratio (≥ 1) and lower PPF/SCF ratio (< 1) was 49.5% and 66.5%, respectively (P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Pre-treatment ratio of PPF-to-SCF thickness on MRI is an independent predictor of survival in hormone-naïve men with advanced PCa. This could be useful for predicting which patients are more likely to develop castration-resistant PCa.
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