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Shen J, Liu L, Yang Y, Zhou M, Xu S, Zhang W, Zhang C. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Has the Potential to Be Used as a Diagnostic Tool and Treatment Target for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Cureus 2024; 16:e65393. [PMID: 39188438 PMCID: PMC11346671 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders, is characterized by social impairment and repetitive and stereotypic behaviors. Because of the lack of approved laboratory diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic medications, it is one of the most challenging diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to explore potential diagnosis markers or therapeutic targets. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a neurotrophic growth factor that enhances brain development. IGF-1 levels in body fluids are lower in preschool children with ASD than in typically developing children, which may serve as a potential diagnostic marker. In various ASD models associated with genetic or environmental exposure, IGF-1 treatment can improve core symptoms or pathological changes, including neuronal development, neural cell survival, balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition, neuroimmunology, and oxidative stress status. In March 2023 an IGF-1 derivative was approved as the first drug for treating Rett syndrome, an ASD-related neurodevelopmental disorder, to improve fundamental symptoms such as social communication. Thus, in this review, we present accumulating evidence of altered IGF-1 levels in ASD patients and the possible mechanisms, as well as evidence that IGF-1 treatment improves the pathophysiology in various ASD models. IGF-1 has the potential to be an early diagnosis marker and an effective therapeutic for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Shen
- Department of Children Health Care, Jingmen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jingmen, CHN
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, CHN
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Children Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Children Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Children Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
| | - Wanqing Zhang
- Department of Children Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
| | - Chuanjie Zhang
- Department of Children Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
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Brenner C. Learning biology to understand longevity Why We Die: The New Science of Aging and the Quest for Immortality Venki Ramakrishnan William Morrow, 2024. 320 pp. Science 2024; 383:1300. [PMID: 38513030 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado5623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
An expert outsider urges a return to basic principles to temper antiaging hype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Brenner
- The reviewer is at the Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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3
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Iwanaga Y, Tsuji K, Nishimura A, Tateishi K, Kakiuchi M, Tsuji T. A nonsense mutation in mouse Adamtsl2 causes uterine hypoplasia and an irregular estrous cycle. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:559-571. [PMID: 37656189 PMCID: PMC10627917 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-10016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous mutation stubby (stb) in mice causes chondrodysplasia and male infertility due to impotence through autosomal recessive inheritance. In this study, we conducted linkage analysis to localize the stb locus within a 1.6 Mb region on mouse chromosome 2 and identified a nonsense mutation in Adamtsl2 of stb/stb mice. Histological analysis revealed disturbed endochondral ossification with a reduced hypertrophic chondrocyte layer and stiff skin with a thickened dermal layer. These phenotypes are similar to those observed in humans and mice with ADAMTSL2/Adamtsl2 mutations. Moreover, stb/stb female mice exhibited severe uterine hypoplasia at 5 weeks of age and irregular estrous cycles at 10 weeks of age. In normal mice, Adamtsl2 was more highly expressed in the ovary and pituitary gland than in the uterus, and this expression was decreased in stb/stb mice. These findings suggest that Adamtsl2 may function in these organs rather than in the uterus. Thus, we analyzed Gh expression in the pituitary gland and plasma estradiol and IGF1 levels, which are required for the development of the female reproductive tract. There was no significant difference in Gh expression and estradiol levels, whereas IGF1 levels in stb/stb mice were significantly reduced to 54-59% of those in +/+ mice. We conclude that Adamtsl2 is required for the development of the uterus and regulation of the estrous cycle in female mice, and decreased IGF1 may be related to these abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Iwanaga
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsuji
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nishimura
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kouji Tateishi
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Misa Kakiuchi
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takehito Tsuji
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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Paganoni AJJ, Cannarella R, Oleari R, Amoruso F, Antal R, Ruzza M, Olivieri C, Condorelli RA, La Vignera S, Tolaj F, Cariboni A, Calogero AE, Magni P. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, Growth Hormone, and Anti-Müllerian Hormone Receptors Are Differentially Expressed during GnRH Neuron Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13073. [PMID: 37685880 PMCID: PMC10487694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are key neuroendocrine cells in the brain as they control reproduction by regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function. In this context, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) were shown to improve GnRH neuron migration and function in vitro. Whether AMH, GH, and IGF1 signaling pathways participate in the development and function of GnRH neurons in vivo is, however, currently still unknown. To assess the role of AMH, GH, and IGF1 systems in the development of GnRH neuron, we evaluated the expression of AMH receptors (AMHR2), GH (GHR), and IGF1 (IGF1R) on sections of ex vivo mice at different development stages. The expression of AMHR2, GHR, and IGF1R was assessed by immunofluorescence using established protocols and commercial antibodies. The head sections of mice were analyzed at E12.5, E14.5, and E18.5. In particular, at E12.5, we focused on the neurogenic epithelium of the vomeronasal organ (VNO), where GnRH neurons, migratory mass cells, and the pioneering vomeronasal axon give rise. At E14.5, we focused on the VNO and nasal forebrain junction (NFJ), the two regions where GnRH neurons originate and migrate to the hypothalamus, respectively. At E18.5, the median eminence, which is the hypothalamic area where GnRH is released, was analyzed. At E12.5, double staining for the neuronal marker ß-tubulin III and AMHR2, GHR, or IGF1R revealed a signal in the neurogenic niches of the olfactory and VNO during early embryo development. Furthermore, IGF1R and GHR were expressed by VNO-emerging GnRH neurons. At E14.5, a similar expression pattern was found for the neuronal marker ß-tubulin III, while the expression of IGF1R and GHR began to decline, as also observed at E18.5. Of note, hypothalamic GnRH neurons labeled for PLXND1 tested positive for AMHR2 expression. Ex vivo experiments on mouse sections revealed differential protein expression patterns for AMHR2, GHR, and IGF1R at any time point in development between neurogenic areas and hypothalamic compartments. These findings suggest a differential functional role of related systems in the development of GnRH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa J. J. Paganoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.A.C.); (S.L.V.); (A.E.C.)
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 10681, USA
| | - Roberto Oleari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Federica Amoruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Renata Antal
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Marco Ruzza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Chiara Olivieri
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Rosita A. Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.A.C.); (S.L.V.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.A.C.); (S.L.V.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Fationa Tolaj
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Anna Cariboni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.A.C.); (S.L.V.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.J.J.P.); (R.O.); (F.A.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (C.O.); (F.T.); (P.M.)
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
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Zhou XY, Ma JN, Shen YY, Xie XR, Ren W. Effects of Growth Hormone on Adult Human Gonads: Action on Reproduction and Sexual Function. Int J Endocrinol 2023; 2023:7492696. [PMID: 37064267 PMCID: PMC10104746 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7492696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH), which is commonly considered to be a promoter of growth and development, has direct and indirect effects on adult gonads that influence reproduction and sexual function of humans and nonhumans. GH receptors are expressed in adult gonads in some species including humans. For males, GH can improve the sensitivity of gonadotropins, contribute to testicular steroidogenesis, influence spermatogenesis possibly, and regulate erectile function. For females, GH can modulate ovarian steroidogenesis and ovarian angiogenesis, promote the development of ovarian cells, enhance the metabolism and proliferation of endometrial cells, and ameliorate female sexual function. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is the main mediator of GH. In vivo, a number of the physiological effects of GH are mediated by GH-induced hepatic IGF-1 and local IGF-1. In this review, we highlight the roles of GH and IGF-1 in adult human gonads, clarify potential mechanisms, and explore the efficacy and the risk of GH supplementation in associated deficiency and assisted reproductive technologies. Besides, the effects of excess GH on adult human gonads are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jia-Ni Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ya-Yin Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue-Rui Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Siroosbakht S, Rezakhaniha S, Rezakhaniha B. Are androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 necessary for isolated micropenis healthy boys' evaluation without any phenotypic abnormalities? A cross-sectional study. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14617. [PMID: 36257721 DOI: 10.1111/and.14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to familiarise primary care physicians and specialists with the minimum hormonal diagnostic tests necessary to assay isolated micropenis in healthy children without any phenotypic abnormality. Children aged 6-15 years (mean 11.6 ± 1.68) were assessed from May 2010 to September 2021 (N = 247). Multiple regression analysis showed correlations between stretched penile length (SPL) and hormonal assays as follows: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): r = 0.097, p = 0.035; luteinizing hormone (LH): r = 0.139, p = 0.012, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): r = -0.001, p = 0.321; testosterone (T): r = 0.118, p = 0.004; dihydrotestosterone (DHT): r = 0.002, p = 0.243; androstenedione (Δ4And): r = -0.004, p = 0.502; insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I): r = -0.003, p = 0.062; and IFG-binding protein 3 (IGF-BP3 ): r = 0.052, p = 0.051. The most hormonal disorder was testosterone deficiency. TSH, Δ4And, and DHT were normal in all boys. SPL was significantly correlated with FSH, LH, and T, but there was no significant correlation between SPL and TSH, DHT, Δ4And, IGF-I, and IGF-BP3 . Whenever the isolated micropenis is seen without other anomalies, it is sufficient to assay testosterone, FSH, and LH in the first step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Siroosbakht
- Department of Pediatrics, Golestan Hospital, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadra Rezakhaniha
- Department of Nutrition, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bijan Rezakhaniha
- Department of Urology, Imam Reza Hospital, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Crafa A, Condorelli RA, Cannarella R, Aversa A, Calogero AE, La Vignera S. Physical Examination for Endocrine Diseases: Does It Still Play a Role? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092598. [PMID: 35566722 PMCID: PMC9102568 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A physical examination represents a fundamental step in diagnosing diseases. Due to the role that hormones play in the regulation of numerous biological processes in various organs and systems, endocrine diseases cause a variety of clinical manifestations that can be easily identified with a careful physical examination and can guide the clinician to specific diagnoses. Furthermore, the presence of specific clinical signs in various endocrine-metabolic diseases can predict the risk of developing comorbidities and serious adverse events. In this article, we present some of the main clinical signs of endocrine-metabolic diseases and the risk of comorbidities, summarizing the pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to their formation. The aim is to highlight how the identification of these specific signs can reduce the number of dynamic tests and the costs necessary to reach the diagnosis and allow the early identification of any complications associated with these diseases, improving the clinical management of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Crafa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.C.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Rosita A. Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.C.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.C.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.C.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.C.); (R.C.); (A.E.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +39-95-3781180
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8
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Cannarella R, Calogero AE. Male infertility: from etiology to management. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2022; 47:1-3. [PMID: 34786909 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Cannarella
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy -
| | - Aldo E Calogero
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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9
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Zhu Y, Nie M, Wang X, Huang Q, Yu B, Zhang R, Zhang J, Sun B, Mao J, Wu X. Growth Hormone Is Beneficial for Induction of Spermatogenesis in Adult Patients With Congenital Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:868047. [PMID: 35528001 PMCID: PMC9074387 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.868047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gonadotropins are effective in inducing spermatogenesis in patients with congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CCPHD). Data on recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) adjuvant treatment to improve gonadotropin-induced spermatogenesis are limited. DESIGN AND SETTING This retrospective study included 60 male patients with CCPHD on a relatively large case series in a single center from mainland China. Twenty-nine patients who received gonadotropin therapy alone were defined as the Gn group, while 31 patients treated with a combination of rhGH and gonadotropins were defined as GH/Gn group. RESULTS Spermatogenesis rate was 96.77% (30/31) and 62.07% (18/29) in the GH/Gn and Gn group, respectively (P < 0.001). The time for initial sperm appearance in the GH/Gn group was shorter than in the Gn group (14 versus 23 months, P < 0.001). A higher level of serum testosterone was achieved in the GH/Gn group than in the Gn group (4.79 versus 3.38 ng/mL, P = 0.026). After adjustment for potential confounders, rhGH supplementation was an independent beneficial factor on spermatogenesis (HR = 2.294, 95% CI: 1.143-4.604, P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS rhGH induces earlier spermatogenesis in patients with CCPHD, which encourages the co-treatment with rhGH and gonadotropins in CCPHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xueyan Wu
- *Correspondence: Jiangfeng Mao, ; Xueyan Wu,
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Nunes ADC, Weigl M, Schneider A, Noureddine S, Yu L, Lahde C, Saccon TD, Mitra K, Beltran E, Grillari J, Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T, Robbins PD, Masternak MM. miR-146a-5p modulates cellular senescence and apoptosis in visceral adipose tissue of long-lived Ames dwarf mice and in cultured pre-adipocytes. GeroScience 2021; 44:503-518. [PMID: 34825304 PMCID: PMC8811002 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent regulators of multiple biological processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that miR-146a-5p increases in normal mice during aging, while long-living Ames dwarf (df/df) mice maintain youthful levels of this miRNA. The aim of this study was to elucidate the involvement of miR-146a-5p in modulating cellular senescence and apoptosis in visceral adipose tissue of df/df mice and cultured pre-adipocytes. To test the effects of miR-146a-5p overexpression on visceral adipose tissue, wild-type, and df/df mice, were treated with miRNA-negative control-base and df/df were transfected with 4 or 8 µg/g of a miR-146a-5p mimetic, respectively. Effects of miR-146a-5p overexpression were also evaluated in 3T3-L1 cells cultured under high and normal glucose conditions. Treatment with miR-146a-5p mimetic increased cellular senescence and inflammation and decreased pro-apoptotic factors in visceral adipose tissue of df/df mice. The miR-146a-5p mimetic induced similar effects in 3T3-L1 cells cultivated at normal but not high glucose levels. Importantly, 3T3-L1 HG cells in high glucose conditions showed significantly higher expression of miR-146a-5p than 3T3-L1 grown in normal glucose conditions. These results indicate that miR-146a-5p can be a marker for cellular senescence. This miRNA represents one of the significant SASP factors that if not precisely regulated, can accentuate inflammatory responses and stimulate senescence in surrounding non-senescent cells. The role of miR-146a-5p is different in healthy versus stressed cells, suggesting potential effects of this miRNA depend on overall organismal health, aging, and metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allancer D C Nunes
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Moritz Weigl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Traumatology in Cooperation With AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Sarah Noureddine
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Lin Yu
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Collin Lahde
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | | | - Kunal Mitra
- Biomedical Engineering, Florida Tech, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Esther Beltran
- Florida Space Institute, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Traumatology in Cooperation With AUVA, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center On Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center On Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michal M Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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