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Richbourg NR, Irakoze N, Kim H, Peyton SR. Outlook and opportunities for engineered environments of breast cancer dormancy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl0165. [PMID: 38457510 PMCID: PMC10923521 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Dormant, disseminated breast cancer cells resist treatment and may relapse into malignant metastases after decades of quiescence. Identifying how and why these dormant breast cancer cells are triggered into outgrowth is a key unsolved step in treating latent, metastatic breast cancer. However, our understanding of breast cancer dormancy in vivo is limited by technical challenges and ethical concerns with triggering the activation of dormant breast cancer. In vitro models avoid many of these challenges by simulating breast cancer dormancy and activation in well-controlled, bench-top conditions, creating opportunities for fundamental insights into breast cancer biology that complement what can be achieved through animal and clinical studies. In this review, we address clinical and preclinical approaches to treating breast cancer dormancy, how precisely controlled artificial environments reveal key interactions that regulate breast cancer dormancy, and how future generations of biomaterials could answer further questions about breast cancer dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Richbourg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ninette Irakoze
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Hyuna Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Shelly R. Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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2
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Wang M, Wang M, Xu Y. The Role of Breast Cancer Cells in Bone Metastasis: Suitable Seeds for Nourishing Soil. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:28-43. [PMID: 38206556 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to describe the characteristics of breast cancer cells prone to developing bone metastasis and determine how they are regulated by the bone microenvironment. RECENT FINDINGS The bone is a site of frequent breast cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis accounts for 70% of advanced breast cancer cases and remains incurable. It can lead to skeletal-related events, such as bone fracture and pain, and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Breast cancer cells escape from the primary lesion and spread to the bone marrow in the early stages. They can then enter the dormant state and restore tumourigenicity after several years to develop overt metastasis. In the last few years, an increasing number of studies have reported on the factors promoting bone metastasis of breast cancer cells, both at the primary and metastatic sites. Identifying factors associated with bone metastasis aids in the early recognition of bone metastasis tendency. How to target these factors and minimize the side effects on the bone remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiou Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengshen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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3
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Romanzi A, Milosa F, Marcelli G, Critelli RM, Lasagni S, Gigante I, Dituri F, Schepis F, Cadamuro M, Giannelli G, Fabris L, Villa E. Angiopoietin-2 and the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Promote Migration and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma- and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma-Derived Spheroids. Biomedicines 2023; 12:87. [PMID: 38255193 PMCID: PMC10813100 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) overexpressing Angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) (a protein linked with angiogenesis, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)), shares 95% of up-regulated genes and a similar poor prognosis with the proliferative subgroup of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). We analyzed the pro-invasive effect of ANG-2 and its regulator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on HCC and CCA spheroids to uncover posUsible common ways of response. Four cell lines were used: Hep3B and HepG2 (HCC), HuCC-T1 (iCCA), and EGI-1 (extrahepatic CCA). We treated the spheroids with recombinant human (rh) ANG-2 and/or VEGF and then observed the changes at the baseline, after 24 h, and again after 48 h. Proangiogenic stimuli increased migration and invasion capability in HCC- and iCCA-derived spheroids and were associated with a modification in EMT phenotypic markers (a decrease in E-cadherin and an increase in N-cadherin and Vimentin), especially at the migration front. Inhibitors targeting ANG-2 (Trebananib) and the VEGF (Bevacizumab) effectively blocked the migration ability of spheroids that had been stimulated with rh-ANG-2 and rh-VEGF. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role played by ANG-2 and the VEGF in enhancing the ability of HCC- and iCCA-derived spheroids to migrate and invade, which are key processes in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Romanzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Clinical and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.R.); (S.L.)
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Fabiola Milosa
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Gemma Marcelli
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Rosina Maria Critelli
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Simone Lasagni
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Clinical and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.R.); (S.L.)
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Isabella Gigante
- National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (I.G.); (F.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Francesco Dituri
- National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (I.G.); (F.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Filippo Schepis
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Massimiliano Cadamuro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (M.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (I.G.); (F.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (M.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Erica Villa
- Chimomo Department, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.); (R.M.C.); (F.S.)
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Oria VO, Erler JT. Tumor Angiocrine Signaling: Novel Targeting Opportunity in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2510. [PMID: 37887354 PMCID: PMC10605017 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium supplies nutrients and oxygen to different body organs and supports the progression of diseases such as cancer through angiogenesis. Pathological angiogenesis remains a challenge as most patients develop resistance to the approved anti-angiogenic therapies. Therefore, a better understanding of endothelium signaling will support the development of more effective treatments. Over the past two decades, the emerging consensus suggests that the role of endothelial cells in tumor development has gone beyond angiogenesis. Instead, endothelial cells are now considered active participants in the tumor microenvironment, secreting angiocrine factors such as cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines, which instruct their proximate microenvironments. The function of angiocrine signaling is being uncovered in different fields, such as tissue homeostasis, early development, organogenesis, organ regeneration post-injury, and tumorigenesis. In this review, we elucidate the intricate role of angiocrine signaling in cancer progression, including distant metastasis, tumor dormancy, pre-metastatic niche formation, immune evasion, and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Oginga Oria
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
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Wieder R. Awakening of Dormant Breast Cancer Cells in the Bone Marrow. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113021. [PMID: 37296983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 40% of patients with breast cancer (BC) have metastatic cells in the bone marrow (BM) at the initial diagnosis of localized disease. Despite definitive systemic adjuvant therapy, these cells survive in the BM microenvironment, enter a dormant state and recur stochastically for more than 20 years. Once they begin to proliferate, recurrent macrometastases are not curable, and patients generally succumb to their disease. Many potential mechanisms for initiating recurrence have been proposed, but no definitive predictive data have been generated. This manuscript reviews the proposed mechanisms that maintain BC cell dormancy in the BM microenvironment and discusses the data supporting specific mechanisms for recurrence. It addresses the well-described mechanisms of secretory senescence, inflammation, aging, adipogenic BM conversion, autophagy, systemic effects of trauma and surgery, sympathetic signaling, transient angiogenic bursts, hypercoagulable states, osteoclast activation, and epigenetic modifications of dormant cells. This review addresses proposed approaches for either eliminating micrometastases or maintaining a dormant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wieder
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Avenue, MSB F671, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Dai R, Liu M, Xiang X, Xi Z, Xu H. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts: an important switch of tumour cell dormancy during bone metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:316. [PMID: 36307871 PMCID: PMC9615353 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis occurs when tumour cells dissociate from primary tumours, enter the circulation (circulating tumour cells, CTCs), and colonize sites in bone (disseminated tumour cells, DTCs). The bone marrow seems to be a particularly dormancy-inducing environment for DTCs, yet the mechanisms of dormancy initiation, reactivation, and interaction within the bone marrow have to be elucidated. Intriguingly, some evidence has suggested that dormancy is a reversible state that is switched 'on' or 'off' depending on the presence of various bone marrow resident cells, particularly osteoclasts and osteoblasts. It has become clear that these two cells contribute to regulating dormant tumour cells in bone both directly (interaction) and indirectly (secreted factors). The involved mechanisms include TGFβ signalling, the Wnt signalling axis, the Notch2 pathway, etc. There is no detailed review that specifically focuses on ascertaining the dynamic interactions between tumour cell dormancy and bone remodelling. In addition, we highlighted the roles of inflammatory cytokines during this 'cell-to-cell' communication. We also discussed the potential clinical relevance of remodelling the bone marrow niche in controlling dormant tumour cells. Understanding the unique role of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in regulating tumour dormancy in bone marrow will provide new insight into preventing and treating tumour bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchen Dai
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China ,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Mengfan Liu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China ,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xincheng Xiang
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Rausser College of Natural Resources, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Zhichao Xi
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China ,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- grid.412585.f0000 0004 0604 8558Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
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Liu N, Liu M, Fu S, Wang J, Tang H, Isah AD, Chen D, Wang X. Ang2-Targeted Combination Therapy for Cancer Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949553. [PMID: 35874764 PMCID: PMC9305611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), a member of the angiopoietin family, is widely involved in the process of vascular physiology, bone physiology, adipose tissue physiology and the occurrence and development of inflammation, cardiac hypertrophy, rheumatoid, tumor and other diseases under pathological conditions. Proliferation and metastasis of cancer largely depend on angiogenesis. Therefore, anti-angiogenesis has become the target of tumor therapy. Due to the Ang2 plays a key role in promoting angiogenesis and stability in vascular physiology, the imbalance of its expression is an important condition for the occurrence and development of cancer. It has been proved that blocking Ang2 can inhibit the growth, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. In recent years, research has been constantly supplemented. We focus on the mechanisms that regulate the expression of Ang2 mRNA and protein levels in different cancers, contributing to a better understanding of how Ang2 exerts different effects in different cancers and stages, as well as facilitating more specific targeting of relevant molecules in cancer therapy. At the same time, the importance of Ang2 in cancer growth, metastasis, prognosis and combination therapy is pointed out. And finally, we will discuss the current investigations and future challenges of combining Ang2 inhibition with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy to increase its efficacy in cancer patients. This review provides a theoretical reference for the development of new targets and effective combination therapy strategies for cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Deyu Chen
- *Correspondence: Xu wang, ; Deyu Chen,
| | - Xu Wang
- *Correspondence: Xu wang, ; Deyu Chen,
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Teufelsbauer M, Lang C, Plangger A, Rath B, Moser D, Staud C, Radtke C, Neumayer C, Hamilton G. Effects of metformin on human bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-breast cancer cell line interactions. Med Oncol 2022; 39:54. [PMID: 35150338 PMCID: PMC8840908 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and was found to lower the incidence of cancer. Bone metastasis is a common impairment associated with advanced breast cancer. The present study investigated the effects of metformin on human bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC)—breast cancer cell line interactions. BM-MSCs grown from box chisels were tested for growth-stimulating and migration-controlling activity on four breast cancer cell lines either untreated or after pretreatment with metformin. Growth stimulation was tested in MTT tests and migration in scratch assays. Furthermore, the expression of adipokines of BM-MSCs in response to metformin was assessed using Western blot arrays. Compared to breast cancer cell lines (3.6 ± 1.4% reduction of proliferation), 500 µM metformin significantly inhibited the proliferation of BM-MSC lines (mean 12.3 ± 2.2 reduction). Pretreatment of BM-MSCs with metformin showed variable effects of the resulting conditioned media (CM) on breast cancer cell lines depending on the specific BM-MSC—cancer line combination. Metformin significantly reduced the migration of breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 in response to CM of drug-pretreated BM-MSCs. Assessment of metformin-induced alterations in the expression of adipokines by BM-MSC CM indicated increased osteogenic signaling and possibly impairment of metastasis. In conclusion, the anticancer activities of metformin are the result of a range of direct and indirect mechanisms that lower tumor proliferation and progression. A lower metformin-induced protumor activity of BM-MSCs in the bone microenvironment seem to contribute to the positive effects of the drug in selected breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryana Teufelsbauer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Lang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Donauspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelina Plangger
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clement Staud
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Thorny ground, rocky soil: Tissue-specific mechanisms of tumor dormancy and relapse. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 78:104-123. [PMID: 33979673 PMCID: PMC9595433 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) spread systemically yet distinct patterns of metastasis indicate a range of tissue susceptibility to metastatic colonization. Distinctions between permissive and suppressive tissues are still being elucidated at cellular and molecular levels. Although there is a growing appreciation for the role of the microenvironment in regulating metastatic success, we have a limited understanding of how diverse tissues regulate DTC dormancy, the state of reversible quiescence and subsequent awakening thought to contribute to delayed relapse. Several themes of microenvironmental regulation of dormancy are beginning to emerge, including vascular association, co-option of pre-existing niches, metabolic adaptation, and immune evasion, with tissue-specific nuances. Conversely, DTC awakening is often associated with injury or inflammation-induced activation of the stroma, promoting a proliferative environment with DTCs following suit. We review what is known about tissue-specific regulation of tumor dormancy on a tissue-by-tissue basis, profiling major metastatic organs including the bone, lung, brain, liver, and lymph node. An aerial view of the barriers to metastatic growth may reveal common targets and dependencies to inform the therapeutic prevention of relapse.
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Olivan M, Garcia M, Suárez L, Guiu M, Gros L, Méndez O, Rigau M, Reventós J, Segura MF, de Torres I, Planas J, de la Cruz X, Gomis RR, Morote J, Rodríguez-Barrueco R, Santamaria A. Loss of microRNA-135b Enhances Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer and Predicts Aggressiveness in Human Prostate Samples. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6202. [PMID: 34944822 PMCID: PMC8699528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
About 70% of advanced-stage prostate cancer (PCa) patients will experience bone metastasis, which severely affects patients' quality of life and progresses to lethal PCa in most cases. Hence, understanding the molecular heterogeneity of PCa cell populations and the signaling pathways associated with bone tropism is crucial. For this purpose, we generated an animal model with high penetrance to metastasize to bone using an intracardiac percutaneous injection of PC3 cells to identify PCa metastasis-promoting factors. Using genomic high-throughput analysis we identified a miRNA signature involved in bone metastasis that also presents potential as a biomarker of PCa progression in human samples. In particular, the downregulation of miR-135b favored the incidence of bone metastases by significantly increasing PCa cells' migratory capacity. Moreover, the PLAG1, JAKMIP2, PDGFA, and VTI1b target genes were identified as potential mediators of miR-135b's role in the dissemination to bone. In this study, we provide a genomic signature involved in PCa bone growth, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this process. In the future, our results could ultimately translate into promising new therapeutic targets for the treatment of lethal PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Olivan
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marta Garcia
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Leticia Suárez
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marc Guiu
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (R.R.G.)
| | - Laura Gros
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Olga Méndez
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marina Rigau
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Jaume Reventós
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.R.); (J.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Inés de Torres
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacques Planas
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain;
- Group of Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R. Gomis
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (R.R.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan Morote
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Rodríguez-Barrueco
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaria
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
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Umar MI, Hassan W, Murtaza G, Buabeid M, Arafa E, Irfan HM, Asmawi MZ, Huang X. The Adipokine Component in the Molecular Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival, Proliferation and Metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609828. [PMID: 34588926 PMCID: PMC8473628 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A hormonal imbalance may disrupt the rigorously monitored cellular microenvironment by hampering the natural homeostatic mechanisms. The most common example of such hormonal glitch could be seen in obesity where the uprise in adipokine levels is in virtue of the expanding bulk of adipose tissue. Such aberrant endocrine signaling disrupts the regulation of cellular fate, rendering the cells to live in a tumor supportive microenvironment. Previously, it was believed that the adipokines support cancer proliferation and metastasis with no direct involvement in neoplastic transformations and tumorigenesis. However, the recent studies have reported discrete mechanisms that establish the direct involvement of adipokine signaling in tumorigenesis. Moreover, the individual adipokine profile of the patients has never been considered in the prognosis and staging of the disease. Hence, the present manuscript has focused on the reported extensive mechanisms that culminate the basis of poor prognosis and diminished survival rate in obese cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elshaimaa Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xianju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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12
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Akkoc Y, Peker N, Akcay A, Gozuacik D. Autophagy and Cancer Dormancy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:627023. [PMID: 33816262 PMCID: PMC8017298 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.627023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and relapse account for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Most metastatic lesions are micro metastases that have the capacity to remain in a non-dividing state called “dormancy” for months or even years. Commonly used anticancer drugs generally target actively dividing cancer cells. Therefore, cancer cells that remain in a dormant state evade conventional therapies and contribute to cancer recurrence. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer dormancy are not fully understood. Recent studies indicate that a major cellular stress response mechanism, autophagy, plays an important role in the adaptation, survival and reactivation of dormant cells. In this review article, we will summarize accumulating knowledge about cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer dormancy, and discuss the role and importance of autophagy in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Akkoc
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Peker
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Akcay
- Yeni Yüzyıl University, School of Medicine, Private Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey.,Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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The Role of Adipokines and Bone Marrow Adipocytes in Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144967. [PMID: 32674405 PMCID: PMC7404398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of breast cancer is mostly due to a distant metastasis, especially to the bone. Many factors may be responsible for bone metastasis in breast cancer, but interactions between tumor cells and other surrounding types of cells, and cytokines secreted by both, are expected to play the most important role. Bone marrow adipocyte (BMA) is one of the cell types comprising the bone, and adipokine is one of the cytokines secreted by both breast cancer cells and BMAs. These BMAs and adipokines are known to be responsible for cancer progression, and this review is focused on how BMAs and adipokines work in the process of breast cancer bone metastasis. Their potential as suppressive targets for bone metastasis is also explored in this review.
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14
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Drescher F, Juárez P, Arellano DL, Serafín-Higuera N, Olvera-Rodriguez F, Jiménez S, Licea-Navarro AF, Fournier PG. TIE2 Induces Breast Cancer Cell Dormancy and Inhibits the Development of Osteolytic Bone Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040868. [PMID: 32260072 PMCID: PMC7226250 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) cells disseminating to the bone can remain dormant and resistant to treatments for many years until relapsing as bone metastases. The tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2 induces the dormancy of hematopoietic stem cells, and could also induce the dormancy of BCa cells. However, TIE2 is also a target for anti-angiogenic treatments in ongoing clinical trials, and its inhibition could then restart the proliferation of dormant BCa cells in bone. In this study, we used a combination of patient data, in vitro, and in vivo models to investigate the effect of TIE2 in the dormancy of bone metastases. In BCa patients, we found that a higher TIE2 expression is associated with an increased time to metastases and survival. In vitro, TIE2 decreased cell proliferation as it increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1B and arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase. Expression of TIE2 also increased the resistance to the chemotherapeutic 5-Fluorouracil. In mice, TIE2 expression reduced tumor growth and the formation of osteolytic bone metastasis. Together, these results show that TIE2 is sufficient to induce dormancy in vitro and in vivo, and could be a useful prognostic marker for patients. Our data also suggest being cautious when using TIE2 inhibitors in the clinic, as they could awaken dormant disseminated tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Drescher
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico; (F.D.); (P.J.); (D.L.A.); (S.J.); (A.F.L.-N.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico
| | - Patricia Juárez
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico; (F.D.); (P.J.); (D.L.A.); (S.J.); (A.F.L.-N.)
| | - Danna L. Arellano
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico; (F.D.); (P.J.); (D.L.A.); (S.J.); (A.F.L.-N.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico
| | - Nicolás Serafín-Higuera
- Unidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California 21040, Mexico;
| | - Felipe Olvera-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico;
| | - Samanta Jiménez
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico; (F.D.); (P.J.); (D.L.A.); (S.J.); (A.F.L.-N.)
| | - Alexei F. Licea-Navarro
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico; (F.D.); (P.J.); (D.L.A.); (S.J.); (A.F.L.-N.)
| | - Pierrick G.J. Fournier
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico; (F.D.); (P.J.); (D.L.A.); (S.J.); (A.F.L.-N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-646-175-0500
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15
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Chen L, Pan X, Zeng T, Zhang YH, Zhang Y, Huang T, Cai YD. Immunosignature Screening for Multiple Cancer Subtypes Based on Expression Rule. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:370. [PMID: 31850330 PMCID: PMC6901955 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy (i.e., fluid biopsy) involves a series of clinical examination approaches. Monitoring of cancer immunological status by the “immunosignature” of patients presents a novel method for tumor-associated liquid biopsy. The major work content and the core technological difficulties for the monitoring of cancer immunosignature are the recognition of cancer-related immune-activating antigens by high-throughput screening approaches. Currently, one key task of immunosignature-based liquid biopsy is the qualitative and quantitative identification of typical tumor-specific antigens. In this study, we reused two sets of peptide microarray data that detected the expression level of potential antigenic peptides derived from tumor tissues to avoid the detection differences induced by chip platforms. Several machine learning algorithms were applied on these two sets. First, the Monte Carlo Feature Selection (MCFS) method was used to analyze features in two sets. A feature list was obtained according to the MCFS results on each set. Second, incremental feature selection method incorporating one classification algorithm (support vector machine or random forest) followed to extract optimal features and construct optimal classifiers. On the other hand, the repeated incremental pruning to produce error reduction, a rule learning algorithm, was applied on key features yielded by the MCFS method to extract quantitative rules for accurate cancer immune monitoring and pathologic diagnosis. Finally, obtained key features and quantitative rules were extensively analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Practice (PMMP), East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - XiaoYong Pan
- Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,IDLab, Department for Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - YunHua Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Chen X, Du Y, Liu Y, He Y, Zhang G, Yang C, Gao F. Hyaluronan arrests human breast cancer cell growth by prolonging the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1181-1189. [PMID: 30371731 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical breast cancer patients, quiescent disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can persist for a long time in the bone marrow (BM) under the influence of microenvironmental cues. As a high molecular weight polysaccharide, hyaluronan (HA) not only has been shown to regulate cancer processes including cell invasion, metastasis, migration, and proliferation, but also is a major component of the BM extracellular matrix. Here, we tested whether HA promotes breast cancer cell quiescence through detecting cell proliferation, cell cycle phase distribution, and the expression of cell cycle-related regulator proteins. In our results, HA slowed the growth and prolonged the G0/G1 phase of the highly metastatic, bone-seeking human breast cancer MDA-MB-231BO cell line, which is consistent with results that HA activated p38α/β, inhibited phospho-ERK1/2 levels and reduced the ERK/p38 signaling ratio. Additionally, we examined the crucial cell cycle factors p21cip1 and Cyclin D1, both of which influence the transition from G1 to S phase. The results revealed that p21cip1 expression was up-regulated by HA, which was consequently accompanied by a decrease in Cyclin D1 level. Further research with a 3D culture model indicated that HA maintained low Ki-67 and high p21cip1 expression levels in MDA-MB-231BO cells. In summary, our work revealed that HA might contribute to DTC quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing He
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuixia Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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17
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Fornetti J, Welm AL, Stewart SA. Understanding the Bone in Cancer Metastasis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:2099-2113. [PMID: 30476357 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The bone is the third most common site of metastasis for a wide range of solid tumors including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, thyroid, gynecologic, and melanoma, with 70% of metastatic prostate and breast cancer patients harboring bone metastasis.1 Unfortunately, once cancer spreads to the bone, it is rarely cured and is associated with a wide range of morbidities including pain, increased risk of fracture, and hypercalcemia. This fact has driven experts in the fields of bone and cancer biology to study the bone, and has revealed that there is a great deal that each can teach the other. The complexity of the bone was first described in 1889 when Stephen Paget proposed that tumor cells have a proclivity for certain organs, where they "seed" into a friendly "soil" and eventually grow into metastatic lesions. Dr. Paget went on to argue that although many study the "seed" it would be paramount to understand the "soil." Since this original work, significant advances have been made not only in understanding the cell-autonomous mechanisms that drive metastasis, but also alterations which drive changes to the "soil" that allow a tumor cell to thrive. Indeed, it is now clear that the "soil" in different metastatic sites is unique, and thus the mechanisms that allow tumor cells to remain in a dormant or growing state are specific to the organ in question. In the bone, our knowledge of the components that contribute to this fertile "soil" continues to expand, but our understanding of how they impact tumor growth in the bone remains in its infancy. Indeed, we now appreciate that the endosteal niche likely contributes to tumor cell dormancy, and that osteoclasts, osteocytes, and adipocytes can impact tumor cell growth. Here, we discuss the bone microenvironment and how it impacts cancer cell seeding, dormancy, and growth. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Fornetti
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheila A Stewart
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Integrating Communication within the Cancer Environment (ICCE) Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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18
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Tivari S, Lu H, Dasgupta T, De Lorenzo MS, Wieder R. Reawakening of dormant estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cells by bone marrow stroma secretory senescence. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:48. [PMID: 30119678 PMCID: PMC6098600 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dormant estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer micrometastases in the bone marrow survive adjuvant chemotherapy and recur stochastically for more than 20 years. We hypothesized that inflammatory cytokines produced by stromal injury can re-awaken dormant breast cancer cells. Methods We used an established in vitro dormancy model of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells incubated at clonogenic density on fibronectin-coated plates to determine the effects of inflammatory cytokines on reactivation of dormant ER+ breast cancer cells. We measured induction of a mesenchymal phenotype, motility and the capacity to re-enter dormancy. We induced secretory senescence in murine stromal monolayers by oxidation, hypoxia and estrogen deprivation with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), carbonyl-cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazzone (CCCP) and Fulvestrant (ICI 182780), respectively, and determined the effects on growth of co-cultivated breast cancer cells. Results Exogenous recombinant human (rh) interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 or transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) induced regrowth of dormant MCF-7 cells on fibronectin-coated plates. Dormant cells had decreased expression of E-cadherin and estrogen receptor α (ERα) and increased expression of N-cadherin and SNAI2 (SLUG). Cytokine or TGFβ1 treatment of dormant clones induced formation of growing clones, a mesenchymal appearance, increased motility and an impaired capacity to re-enter dormancy. Stromal injury induced secretion of IL-6, IL-8, upregulated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), activated TGFβ and stimulated the growth of co-cultivated MCF-7 cells. MCF-7 cells induced secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 by stroma in co-culture. Conclusions Dormant ER+ breast cancer cells have activated epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene expression programs and downregulated ERα but maintain a dormant epithelial phenotype. Stromal inflammation reactivates these cells, induces growth and a mesenchymal phenotype. Reactivated, growing cells have an impaired ability to re-enter dormancy. In turn, breast cancer cells co-cultured with stroma induce secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 by the stroma, creating a positive feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Tivari
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 205 South Orange Avenue, Cancer Center H1216, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 205 South Orange Avenue, Cancer Center H1216, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Tanya Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 205 South Orange Avenue, Cancer Center H1216, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Mariana S De Lorenzo
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Robert Wieder
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 205 South Orange Avenue, Cancer Center H1216, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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