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Park S, Shimokawa I. Influence of Adipokines on Metabolic Dysfunction and Aging. Biomedicines 2024; 12:873. [PMID: 38672227 PMCID: PMC11048512 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, 30% of the global population is overweight or obese, with projections from the World Obesity Federation suggesting that this figure will surpass 50% by 2035. Adipose tissue dysfunction, a primary characteristic of obesity, is closely associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities, such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, collectively termed metabolic syndrome. In particular, visceral fat accretion is considered as a hallmark of aging and is strongly linked to higher mortality rates in humans. Adipokines, bioactive peptides secreted by adipose tissue, play crucial roles in regulating appetite, satiety, adiposity, and metabolic balance, thereby rendering them key players in alleviating metabolic diseases and potentially extending health span. In this review, we elucidated the role of adipokines in the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders while also exploring the potential of certain adipokines as candidates for longevity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjoon Park
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
| | - Isao Shimokawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
- SAGL, Limited Liability Company, 1-4-34, Kusagae, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka 810-0045, Japan
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Wilhelmsen A, Stephens FB, Bennett AJ, Karagounis LG, Jones SW, Tsintzas K. Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is upregulated in aged human adults with excess adiposity but is not associated with insulin resistance and ageing. GeroScience 2024; 46:2033-2049. [PMID: 37801203 PMCID: PMC10828472 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myostatin negatively regulates skeletal muscle growth and appears upregulated in human obesity and associated with insulin resistance. However, observations are confounded by ageing, and the mechanisms responsible are unknown. The aim of this study was to delineate between the effects of excess adiposity, insulin resistance and ageing on myostatin mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle and to investigate causative factors using in vitro models. An in vivo cross-sectional analysis of human skeletal muscle was undertaken to isolate effects of excess adiposity and ageing per se on myostatin expression. In vitro studies employed human primary myotubes to investigate the potential involvement of cross-talk between subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and skeletal muscle, and lipid-induced insulin resistance. Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression was greater in aged adults with excess adiposity than age-matched adults with normal adiposity (2.0-fold higher; P < 0.05) and occurred concurrently with altered expression of genes involved in the maintenance of muscle mass but did not differ between younger and aged adults with normal adiposity. Neither chronic exposure to obese SAT secretome nor acute elevation of fatty acid availability (which induced insulin resistance) replicated the obesity-mediated upregulation of myostatin mRNA expression in vitro. In conclusion, skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is uniquely upregulated in aged adults with excess adiposity and insulin resistance but not by ageing alone. This does not appear to be mediated by the SAT secretome or by lipid-induced insulin resistance. Thus, factors intrinsic to skeletal muscle may be responsible for the obesity-mediated upregulation of myostatin, and future work to establish causality is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wilhelmsen
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Bennett
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Leonidas G Karagounis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research (MMIHR), Melbourne, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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Wang HH, Chong M, Perrot N, Feiner J, Hess S, Yusuf S, Gerstein H, Paré G, Pigeyre M. Vaspin: A Novel Biomarker Linking Gluteofemoral Body Fat and Type 2 Diabetes Risk. Diabetes Care 2024; 47:259-266. [PMID: 38055934 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether adiposity depots modulate vaspin levels and whether vaspin predicts type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, through epidemiological and genetic analyses. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We assessed the relationship of plasma vaspin concentration with incident and prevalent T2D and adiposity-related variables in 1) the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) biomarker substudy (N = 10,052) and 2) the Outcome Reduction with Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial (N = 7,840), using regression models. We then assessed whether vaspin is causally associated with T2D and whether genetic variants associated with MRI-measured adiposity depots modulate vaspin levels, using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). RESULTS A 1-SD increase in circulating vaspin levels was associated with a 16% increase in incident T2D in the PURE cohort (hazard ratio 1.16; 95% CI 1.09-1.23; P = 4.26 × 10-7) and prevalent T2D in the ORIGIN cohort (odds ratio [OR] 1.16; 95% CI 1.07-1.25; P = 2.17 × 10-4). A 1-unit increase in BMI and triglyceride levels was associated with a 0.08-SD (95% CI 0.06-0.10; P = 2.04 × 10-15) and 0.06-SD (95% CI 0.04-0.08; P = 4.08 × 10-13) increase, respectively, in vaspin in the PURE group. Consistent associations were observed in the ORIGIN cohort. MR results reinforced the association between vaspin and BMI-adjusted T2D risk (OR 1.01 per 1-SD increase in vaspin level; 95% CI 1.00-1.02; P = 2.86 × 10-2) and showed that vaspin was increased by 0.10 SD per 1-SD decrease in genetically determined gluteofemoral adiposity (95% CI 0.02-0.18; P = 2.01 × 10-2). No relationships were found between subcutaneous or visceral adiposity and vaspin. CONCLUSIONS These findings support that higher vaspin levels are related to increased T2D risk and reduced gluteofemoral adiposity, positioning vaspin as a promising clinical predictor for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Hezhou Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Chong
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Feiner
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sibylle Hess
- Global Medical Diabetes, Sanofi, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hertzel Gerstein
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Sierawska O, Sawczuk M. Interaction between Selected Adipokines and Musculoskeletal and Cardiovascular Systems: A Review of Current Knowledge. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17287. [PMID: 38139115 PMCID: PMC10743430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are substances secreted by adipose tissue that are receiving increasing attention. The approach to adipose tissue has changed in recent years, and it is no longer looked at as just a storage organ but its secretion and how it influences systems in the human body are also looked at. The role of adipokine seems crucial in developing future therapies for pathologies of selected systems. In this study, we look at selected adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, chemerin, resistin, omentin-1, nesfatin, irisin-1, visfatin, apelin, vaspin, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), and TGF-β2, and how they affect systems in the human body related to physical activity such as the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sierawska
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 70-384 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Sawczuk
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
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Zhou B, Liu Y, Ren Y, Yan X, Fan J, Tang L, Wen M. Serum Vaspin Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:535-544. [PMID: 37883666 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between serum vaspin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database were searched for articles published before December 2022. The publication language was restricted to English and Chinese. A meta-analysis was conducted by combining all studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-two studies (1990 women with GDM and 1597 pregnant women without GDM) were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the serum vaspin levels are significantly higher in GDM compared with the controls (standardized mean difference: 0.720, 95% confidence interval: 0.440-1.000, Z = 5.041, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by stage of pregnancy and body mass index showed results similar to the overall outcome. No publication bias was identified, and the sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the final result. Our results show that the serum vaspin levels are significantly higher in GDM. These findings suggest that high vaspin concentration is closely related to GDM and the serum vaspin levels might be a potential biomarker to indicate risk of GDM, more randomized control trials comparing the expression levels of vaspin between early and standard diagnosis of GDM are needed to strengthen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yibu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yibing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuehui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Judi Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Guo L, Quan M, Pang W, Yin Y, Li F. Cytokines and exosomal miRNAs in skeletal muscle-adipose crosstalk. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:666-681. [PMID: 37599201 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and adipose tissues (ATs) are secretory organs that release secretory factors including cytokines and exosomes. These factors mediate muscle-adipose crosstalk to regulate systemic metabolism via paracrine and endocrine pathways. Myokines and adipokines are cytokines secreted by skeletal muscle and ATs, respectively. Exosomes loaded with nucleic acids, proteins, lipid droplets, and organelles can fuse with the cytoplasm of target cells to perform regulatory functions. A major regulatory component of exosomes is miRNA. In addition, numerous novel myokines and adipokines have been identified through technological innovations. These discoveries have identified new biomarkers and sparked new insights into the molecular regulation of skeletal muscle growth and adipose deposition. The knowledge may contribute to potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Guo
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Menchus Quan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Weijun Pang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fengna Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Than WH, Chan GCK, Kwan BCH, Lai KB, Chan RCK, Teoh JYC, Ng JKC, Fung WWS, Chow KM, Cheng PMS, Li PKT, Szeto CC. Plasma vaspin levels and clinical outcome in incident peritoneal dialysis patients. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:206. [PMID: 37438733 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaspin is an adipokine that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. Plasma vaspin level is increased in chronic kidney disease but decreased in hemodialysis patients. However, plasma vaspin level in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, as well as its prognostic role, has not been studied. METHODS We recruited 146 incident PD patients. Their baseline plasma vaspin levels, body anthropometry, the profile of insulin resistance, bioimpedance spectroscopy parameters, dialysis adequacy, and nutritional indices were measured. They were followed for up to 5 years for survival analysis. RESULTS The average age was 58.4 ± 11.8 years; 96 patients (65.8%) were men, and 90 (61.6%) had diabetes. The median vaspin level was 0.18 ng/dL (interquartile range [IQR] 0.11 to 0.30 ng/dL). Plasma vaspin level did not have a significant correlation with adipose tissue mass or baseline insulin level. However, plasma vaspin level had a modest correlation with the change in insulin resistance, as represented by the HOMA-IR index, in non-diabetic patients (r = -0.358, p = 0.048). Although the plasma vaspin level quartile did not have a significant association with patient survival in the entire cohort, it had a significant interaction with diabetic status (p < 0.001). In nondiabetic patients, plasma vaspin level quartile was an independent predictor of patient survival after adjusting for confounding clinical factors (adjusted hazard ratio 2.038, 95% confidence interval 1.191-3.487, p = 0.009), while the result for diabetic patients was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Plasma vaspin level quartile had a significant association with patient survival in non-diabetic PD patients. Baseline plasma vaspin level also had a modest inverse correlation with the subsequent change in the severity of insulin resistance, but the exact biological role of vaspin deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Hlaing Than
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Gordon Chun-Kau Chan
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Ka-Bik Lai
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Ronald Cheong-Kin Chan
- Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Jack Kit-Chung Ng
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Winston Wing-Shing Fung
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Kai-Ming Chow
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Gu X, Wang L, Liu S, Shan T. Adipose tissue adipokines and lipokines: Functions and regulatory mechanism in skeletal muscle development and homeostasis. Metabolism 2023; 139:155379. [PMID: 36538987 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays important roles in normal biological activities and whole-body energy homeostasis in humans. The growth and development of skeletal muscle also directly influence meat production and meat quality in animal production. Therefore, regulating the development and homeostasis of skeletal muscle is crucial for human health and animal production. Adipose tissue, which includes white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), not only functions as an energy reserve but also has attracted substantial attention because of its role as an endocrine organ. The novel signalling molecules known as "adipokines" and "lipokines" that are secreted by adipose tissue were identified through the secretomic technique, which broadened our understanding of the previously unknown crosstalk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In this review, we summarize and discuss the secretory role of adipose tissues, both WAT and BAT, as well as the regulatory roles of various adipokines and lipokines in skeletal muscle development and homeostasis. We suggest that adipokines and lipokines have potential as drug candidates for the treatment of skeletal muscle dysfunction and related metabolic diseases and as promising nutrients for improving animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Rapöhn I, Elias I, Weiner J, Pujol A, Kehr S, Chadt A, Al-Hasani H, Burkhardt R, Klöting N, Stumvoll M, Bosch F, Kovacs P, Heiker JT, Breitfeld J. Overexpressing high levels of human vaspin limits high fat diet-induced obesity and enhances energy expenditure in a transgenic mouse. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1146454. [PMID: 37152954 PMCID: PMC10154460 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1146454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance are hallmarks in the development of metabolic diseases resulting from overweight and obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In obesity, adipocytes predominantly secrete proinflammatory adipokines that further promote adipose tissue dysfunction with negative effects on local and systemic insulin sensitivity. Expression of the serpin vaspin (SERPINA12) is also increased in obesity and type 2 diabetes, but exhibits compensatory roles in inflammation and insulin resistance. This has in part been demonstrated using vaspin-transgenic mice. We here report a new mouse line (h-vaspinTG) with transgenic expression of human vaspin in adipose tissue that reaches vaspin concentrations three orders of magnitude higher than wild type controls (>200 ng/ml). Phenotyping under chow and high-fat diet conditions included glucose-tolerance tests, measurements of energy expenditure and circulating parameters, adipose tissue and liver histology. Also, ex vivo glucose uptake in isolated adipocytes and skeletal muscle was analyzed in h-vaspinTG and littermate controls. The results confirmed previous findings, revealing a strong reduction in diet-induced weight gain, fat mass, hyperinsulinemia, -glycemia and -cholesterolemia as well as fatty liver. Insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue and muscle was not altered. The h-vaspinTG mice showed increased energy expenditure under high fat diet conditions, that may explain reduced weight gain and overall metabolic improvements. In conclusion, this novel human vaspin-transgenic mouse line will be a valuable research tool to delineate whole-body, tissue- and cell-specific effects of vaspin in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Rapöhn
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivet Elias
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Pujol
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - John T. Heiker
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: John T. Heiker, ; Jana Breitfeld,
| | - Jana Breitfeld
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: John T. Heiker, ; Jana Breitfeld,
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10
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Mohseni R, Teimouri M, Safaei M, Arab Sadeghabadi Z. AMP-activated protein kinase is a key regulator of obesity-associated factors. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:20-32. [PMID: 36468539 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure leads to obesity. Obesity is an important risk factor for the development of several metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. So, controlling obesity could be effective in the improvement of obesity-related diseases. Various factors are involved in obesity, such as AMP-activated protein kinases (AMPK), silent information regulators, inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress parameters, gastrointestinal hormones, adipokines, angiopoietin-like proteins, and microRNAs. These factors play an important role in obesity by controlling fat metabolism, energy homeostasis, food intake, and insulin sensitivity. AMPK is a heterotrimeric serine/threonine protein kinase known as a fuel-sensing enzyme. The central role of AMPK in obesity makes it an attractive molecule to target obesity and related metabolic diseases. In this review, the critical role of AMPK in obesity and the interplay between AMPK and obesity-associated factors were elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Mohseni
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Maryam Teimouri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohsen Safaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab Sadeghabadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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11
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The Complex Roles of Adipokines in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102503. [PMID: 36289764 PMCID: PMC9598769 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are frequent diseases of the female reproductive tract causing high morbidity as they can significantly affect fertility and quality of life. Adipokines are pleiotropic signaling molecules secreted by white or brown adipose tissues with a central role in energy metabolism. More recently, their involvement in PCOS and endometriosis has been demonstrated. In this review article, we provide an update on the role of adipokines in both diseases and summarize previous findings. We also address the results of multi-omics approaches in adipokine research to examine the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for adipokines and their receptors, the secretome of adipocytes and to identify epigenetic alterations of adipokine genes that might be conferred from mother to child. Finally, we address novel data on the role of brown adipose tissue (BAT), which seems to have notable effects on PCOS. For this review, original research articles on adipokine actions in PCOS and endometriosis are considered, which are listed in the PubMed database.
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12
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Ramírez-Moreno E, Arias-Rico J, Jiménez-Sánchez RC, Estrada-Luna D, Jiménez-Osorio AS, Zafra-Rojas QY, Ariza-Ortega JA, Flores-Chávez OR, Morales-Castillejos L, Sandoval-Gallegos EM. Role of Bioactive Compounds in Obesity: Metabolic Mechanism Focused on Inflammation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091232. [PMID: 35563955 PMCID: PMC9101148 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a disease characterized by an inflammatory process in the adipose tissue due to diverse infiltrated immune cells, an increased secretion of proinflammatory molecules, and a decreased secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules. On the other hand, obesity increases the risk of several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Their treatment is based on nutritional and pharmacological strategies. However, natural products are currently implemented as complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Polyphenols and fiber are naturally compounds with potential action to reduce inflammation through several pathways and play an important role in the prevention and treatment of obesity, as well as in other non-communicable diseases. Hence, this review focuses on the recent evidence of the molecular mechanisms of polyphenols and dietary fiber, from Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed, among others, by using key words and based on recent in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (E.R.-M.); (Q.Y.Z.-R.); (J.A.A.-O.)
| | - José Arias-Rico
- Academic Area of Nursing; Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (J.A.-R.); (R.C.J.-S.); (D.E.-L.); (A.S.J.-O.); (O.R.F.-C.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Reyna Cristina Jiménez-Sánchez
- Academic Area of Nursing; Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (J.A.-R.); (R.C.J.-S.); (D.E.-L.); (A.S.J.-O.); (O.R.F.-C.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Diego Estrada-Luna
- Academic Area of Nursing; Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (J.A.-R.); (R.C.J.-S.); (D.E.-L.); (A.S.J.-O.); (O.R.F.-C.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Angélica Saraí Jiménez-Osorio
- Academic Area of Nursing; Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (J.A.-R.); (R.C.J.-S.); (D.E.-L.); (A.S.J.-O.); (O.R.F.-C.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Quinatzin Yadira Zafra-Rojas
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (E.R.-M.); (Q.Y.Z.-R.); (J.A.A.-O.)
| | - José Alberto Ariza-Ortega
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (E.R.-M.); (Q.Y.Z.-R.); (J.A.A.-O.)
| | - Olga Rocío Flores-Chávez
- Academic Area of Nursing; Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (J.A.-R.); (R.C.J.-S.); (D.E.-L.); (A.S.J.-O.); (O.R.F.-C.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Lizbeth Morales-Castillejos
- Academic Area of Nursing; Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (J.A.-R.); (R.C.J.-S.); (D.E.-L.); (A.S.J.-O.); (O.R.F.-C.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Eli Mireya Sandoval-Gallegos
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Circuit Actopan Tilcuautla s/n, Ex hacienda La Concepción, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (E.R.-M.); (Q.Y.Z.-R.); (J.A.A.-O.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Vaspin attenuates steatosis-induced fibrosis via GRP78 receptor by targeting AMPK signaling pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:185-197. [PMID: 35001345 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease that is rapidly becoming a public health problem. An imbalance in lipid distribution to the hepatocytes and metabolism causes hepatocyte steatosis. Vaspin is a newly discovered adipokine that has been linked to a variety of metabolic disorders. The effects of vaspin on steatosis and fibrosis pathogenesis and related mechanisms are unclear. Thus, this study investigated the molecular mechanism of vaspin on hepatocyte steatosis and fibrosis. HepG2 cells were treated with 1.2 mM free fatty acid and the intracellular lipid values were measured by flow cytometry and Nile red assay. RT-qPCR was used to assess the effect of vaspin and blocking of the GRP78 receptor on the expression of lipogenesis, oxidation, uptake, and secretion of fatty acid (FA), as well as AMPK activity. In co-cultured HepG2 and LX-2 cell lines, the expression of main proteins of hepatocyte fibrosis was analyzed using Western blot analysis. In the HepG2 cell line, we discovered that vaspin increased oxidation, FA secretion and gene expression, and AMPK activity and decreased lipogenesis and FA uptake and gene expression. Western blot analysis in co-cultured HepG2 and LX-2 cell lines showed that α-SMA and TGF-β1 protein expression decreased. The data demonstrated that vaspin acts as a novel regulator of hepatocyte steatosis through the GRP78 receptor, effectively reducing hepatocyte fibrosis through AMPK activation and decreasing NF-κB gene expression.
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14
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Tarabeih N, Kalinkovich A, Shalata A, Cherny SS, Livshits G. Deciphering the Causal Relationships Between Low Back Pain Complications, Metabolic Factors, and Comorbidities. J Pain Res 2022; 15:215-227. [PMID: 35125889 PMCID: PMC8809521 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s349251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Maale HaCarmel Mental Health Center, Affiliated to Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Stacey S Cherny
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Correspondence: Gregory Livshits, Department of Morphological Studies, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel, Tel +972-3-6409494, Fax +972-3-6408287, Email
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15
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Jiang L, Yang M, He S, Li Z, Li H, Niu T, Xie D, Mei Y, He X, Wei L, Huang P, Huang M, Zhang R, Wang L, Li J. MMP12 knockout prevents weight and muscle loss in tumor-bearing mice. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1297. [PMID: 34863141 PMCID: PMC8642861 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a malignant gastrointestinal cancer, in which some advanced patients would develop cancer cachexia (CAC). CAC is defined as a multi-factorial syndrome characterized by weight loss and muscle loss (with or without fat mass), leading to progressive dysfunction, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. ApcMin/+ mice develop spontaneous intestinal adenoma, which provides an established model of colorectal cancer for CAC study. Upon studying the ApcMin/+ mouse model, we observed a marked decrease in weight gain beginning around week 15. Such a reduction in weight gain was rescued when ApcMin/+ mice were crossed with MMP12-/- mice, indicating that MMP12 has a role in age-related ApcMin/+-associated weight loss. As a control, the weight of MMP12-/- mice on a weekly basis, their weight were not significantly different from those of WT mice. METHODS ApcMin/+; MMP12-/- mice were obtained by crossing ApcMin/+ mice with MMP12 knockout (MMP12 -/-) mice. Histological scores were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. MMP12 expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. ELISA, protein microarrays and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) were used to investigate whether tumor could up-regulate IL-6. Cell-based assays and western blot were used to verify the regulatory relationship between IL-6 and MMP12. Fluorescence intensity was measured to determine whether MMP12 is associated with insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in vitro. MMP12 inhibitors were used to explore whether MMP12 could affect the body weight of ApcMin/+ mice. RESULTS MMP12 knockout led to weight gain and expansion of muscle fiber cross-sectional area (all mice had C57BL/6 background) in ApcMin/+ mice, while inhibiting MMP12 could suppress weight loss in ApcMin/+ mice. MMP12 was up-regulated in muscle tissues and peritoneal macrophages of ApcMin/+ mice. IL-6 in tumor cells and colorectal cancer patients is up-regulation. IL-6 stimulated MMP12 secretion of macrophage. CONCLUSIONS MMP12 is essential for controlling body weight of Apc Min/+ mice. Our study shows that it exists the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages in muscle tissues that tumor cells secrete IL-6 inducing macrophages to up-regulate MMP12. This study may provide a new perspective of MMP12 in the treatment for weight loss induced by CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbi Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mingming Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shihui He
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haobin Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ting Niu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dehuan Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Mei
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lili Wei
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Pinzhu Huang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Mingzhe Huang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiangchao Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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16
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Review: Vaspin (SERPINA12) Expression and Function in Endocrine Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071710. [PMID: 34359881 PMCID: PMC8307435 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper functioning of the body depends on hormonal homeostasis. White adipose tissue is now known as an endocrine organ due to the secretion of multiple molecules called adipokines. These proteins exert direct effects on whole body functions, including lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, inflammation, and reproduction, whereas changes in their level are linked with pathological events, such as infertility, diabetes, and increased food intake. Vaspin-visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor, or SERPINA12 according to serpin nomenclature, is an adipokine discovered in 2005 that is connected to the development of insulin resistance, obesity, and inflammation. A significantly higher amount of vaspin was observed in obese patients. The objective of this review was to summarize the latest findings about vaspin expression and action in endocrine tissues, such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adipose tissue, thyroid, ovary, placenta, and testis, as well as discuss the link between vaspin and pathologies connected with hormonal imbalance.
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17
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eNAMPT Is Localised to Areas of Cartilage Damage in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis and Promotes Cartilage Catabolism and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136719. [PMID: 34201564 PMCID: PMC8269388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Recent studies have shown that adipokine extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT or visfatin) induces the production of IL-6 and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in chondrocytes, suggesting it may promote articular cartilage degradation. However, neither the functional effects of extracellular visfatin on human articular cartilage tissue, nor its expression in the joint of hip OA patients of varying BMI, have been reported. Hip OA joint tissues were collected from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Cartilage explants were stimulated with recombinant human visfatin. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and MMPs were measured by ELISA and Luminex. Localisation of visfatin expression in cartilage tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Cartilage matrix degradation was determined by quantifying proteoglycan release. Expression of visfatin was elevated in the synovial tissue of hip OA patients who were obese, and was co-localised with MMP-13 in areas of cartilage damage. Visfatin promoted the degradation of hip OA cartilage proteoglycan and induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1, CCL20, and CCL4) and MMPs. The elevated expression of visfatin in the obese hip OA joint, and its functional effects on hip cartilage tissue, suggests it plays a central role in the loss of cartilage integrity in obese patients with hip OA.
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18
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Wijesinghe SN, Nicholson T, Tsintzas K, Jones SW. Involvements of long noncoding RNAs in obesity-associated inflammatory diseases. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13156. [PMID: 33078547 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation that affects the phenotype of multiple tissues and therefore is implicated in the development and progression of several age-related chronic inflammatory disorders. Importantly, a new family of noncoding RNAs, termed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been identified as key regulators of inflammatory signalling pathways that can mediate both pretranscriptional and posttranscriptional gene regulation. Furthermore, several lncRNAs have been identified, which are differentially expressed in multiple tissue types in individuals who are obese or in preclinical models of obesity. In this review, we examine the evidence for the role of several of the most well-studied lncRNAs in the regulation of inflammatory pathways associated with obesity. We highlight the evidence for their differential expression in the obese state and in age-related conditions including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), sarcopenia, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, where obesity plays a significant role. Determining the expression and functional role of lncRNAs in mediating obesity-associated chronic inflammation will advance our understanding of the epigenetic regulatory pathways that underlie age-related inflammatory diseases and may also ultimately identify new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne N Wijesinghe
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas Nicholson
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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19
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Adipokines, Myokines, and Hepatokines: Crosstalk and Metabolic Repercussions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052639. [PMID: 33807959 PMCID: PMC7961600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose, skeletal, and hepatic muscle tissues are the main endocrine organs that produce adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines. These biomarkers can be harmful or beneficial to an organism and still perform crosstalk, acting through the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine pathways. This study aims to review the crosstalk between adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines. Far beyond understanding the actions of each biomarker alone, it is important to underline that these cytokines act together in the body, resulting in a complex network of actions in different tissues, which may have beneficial or non-beneficial effects on the genesis of various physiological disorders and their respective outcomes, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Overweight individuals secrete more pro-inflammatory adipokines than those of a healthy weight, leading to an impaired immune response and greater susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases. Myostatin is elevated in pro-inflammatory environments, sharing space with pro-inflammatory organokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), resistin, and chemerin. Fibroblast growth factor FGF21 acts as a beta-oxidation regulator and decreases lipogenesis in the liver. The crosstalk mentioned above can interfere with homeostatic disorders and can play a role as a potential therapeutic target that can assist in the methods of diagnosing metabolic syndrome and CVD.
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20
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Recinella L, Orlando G, Ferrante C, Chiavaroli A, Brunetti L, Leone S. Adipokines: New Potential Therapeutic Target for Obesity and Metabolic, Rheumatic, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:578966. [PMID: 33192583 PMCID: PMC7662468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.578966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its role as an energy storage organ, adipose tissue can be viewed as a dynamic and complex endocrine organ, which produces and secretes several adipokines, including hormones, cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and growth and vasoactive factors. A wide body of evidence showed that adipokines play a critical role in various biological and physiological functions, among which feeding modulation, inflammatory and immune function, glucose and lipid metabolism, and blood pressure control. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of several adipokines, including leptin, diponectin, resistin, chemerin, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), vaspin, omentin, follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs), family with sequence similarity to 19 member A5 (FAM19A5), wingless-type inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), progranulin (PGRN), nesfatin-1 (nesfatin), visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT, apelin, retinol binding protein 4 (RPB4), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the regulation of insulin resistance and vascular function, as well as many aspects of inflammation and immunity and their potential role in managing obesity-associated diseases, including metabolic, osteoarticular, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Gabriele d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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21
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Circulating Levels of Visceral Adipose Tissue-Derived Serine Protease Inhibitor (Vaspin) Appear as a Marker of Musculoskeletal Pain Disability. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100797. [PMID: 33049941 PMCID: PMC7599595 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain (MSP), specifically low back pain (LBP), is often associated with several adipose tissue-derived cytokines (adipokines) and body composition, but their correlations with the LBP-related disability/severity phenotypes remain poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study, two self-reported validated questionnaires were used to collect back pain and disability data in an ethnically homogeneous family-based population sample (N = 1078). Plasma levels of relatively new adipokines, vaspin and adipsin, were detected by ELISA. Body composition parameters, including fat, skeletal muscle mass, extracellular water (ECW), and others were assessed through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technology. Statistical analysis was conducted, accounting for the familial composition of the sample. The multiple regression analyses with four LBP-related phenotypes as dependent variables consistently showed, for the first time, the significant associations with vaspin levels, regardless of other covariates. The odds ratios (OR)/SD ranged between 1.24 (95%CI = 1.03-1.50) and 1.33 (95%CI = 1.07-1.64), depending on the LBP phenotype. Among the tested body composition covariates, only ECW levels displayed consistent and highly significant associations with all tested LBP phenotypes (OR from 1.43, 95%CI = 1.14-1.79 to 1.68, 95%CI = 1.26-2.24). The results clearly suggest that circulating concentrations of vaspin and ECW levels could serve as biomarkers of MSP/LBP severity and complications.
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22
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Li Q, Wu J, Xi W, Chen X, Wang W, Zhang T, Yang A, Wang T. Ctrp4, a new adipokine, promotes the differentiation of osteoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:224-229. [PMID: 30885436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that adipokines are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. Ctrp4 is a newly discovered member of the adipokine CTRP family. Studies have shown that Ctrp4 is involved in the regulation of tumor cell inflammatory signaling pathways and acts on the hypothalamus to regulate food intake, but its role in osteoblasts is not yet clear. In this study, we found that the expression of Ctrp4 in bone tissue was significantly decreased in the tail-suspended mouse, while that in ovariectomized-simulated osteoporosis mice decreased similarly, indicating that Ctrp4 was involved in osteogenesis regulation. We further isolated Alp-positive osteoblasts from the femur of tail-suspended rats and confirmed that the expression of Ctrp4, Bglap and Alp was down-regulated in the process of bone loss caused by tail suspension. In the process of inducing osteoblastic differentiation in vitro, Ctrp4 interfering significantly inhibited the expression of Alp and Bglap. In addition, inhibition of Ctrp4 resulted in decreased alkaline phosphatase expression and less alizarin red staining, indicating that Ctrp4 promoted osteogenic differentiation and osteoblasts mineralization. In conclusion, our results suggest that Ctrp4 is involved in bone metabolism regulation and promotes osteoblast differentiation, which may become a potential target for future intervention in bone metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 710032, PR China; Department of Health Technology Research and Development, SPACEnter Space Science and Technology Institute (Shenzhen), Shamiao Road 4#, Pingdi Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518117, PR China
| | - Jieheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Wenjin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Tianze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Angang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China.
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23
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Breitfeld J, Wiele N, Gutsmann B, Stumvoll M, Blüher M, Scholz M, Kovacs P, Tönjes A. Circulating Adipokine
VASPIN
Is Associated with Serum Lipid Profiles in Humans. Lipids 2019; 54:203-210. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Breitfeld
- IFB Adiposity DiseasesUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Norman Wiele
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and NephrologyUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Beate Gutsmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and NephrologyUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- IFB Adiposity DiseasesUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and NephrologyUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- IFB Adiposity DiseasesUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and NephrologyUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and EpidemiologyUniversity of Leipzig Härtelstrasse 16‐18, 04103, Leipzig Germany
- LIFE Research CenterUniversity of Leipzig Philipp‐Rosenthal‐Straβe 27, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and NephrologyUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and NephrologyUniversity of Leipzig Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig Germany
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