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Maylem ERS, Schütz LF, Spicer LJ. The role of asprosin in regulating ovarian granulosa- and theca-cell steroidogenesis: a review with comparisons to other adipokines. Reprod Fertil Dev 2024; 36:RD24027. [PMID: 39074236 DOI: 10.1071/rd24027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues produce a variety of biologically active compounds, including cytokines, growth factors and adipokines. Adipokines are important as they function as endocrine hormones that are related to various metabolic and reproductive diseases. The goal of this review was to summarise the role of asprosin, a recently discovered adipokine, and compare its role in ovarian steroidogenesis with that of other adipokines including adiponectin, leptin, resistin, apelin, visfatin, chemerin, irisin, and gremlin 1. The summary of concentrations of these adipokines in humans, rats and other animals will help researchers identify appropriate doses to test in future studies. Review of the literature indicated that asprosin increases androstenedione production in theca cells (Tc), and when cotreated with FSH increases oestradiol production in granulosa cells (Gc). In comparison, other adipokines (1) stimulate Gc oestradiol production but inhibit Tc androgen production (adiponectin), (2) inhibit Gc oestradiol production and Tc androstenedione production (leptin and chemerin), (3) inhibit Gc steroidogenesis with no effect on Tc (resistin), (4) inhibit Gc oestradiol production but stimulate Tc androgen production (gremlin 1), and (5) increase steroid secretion by Gc, with unknown effects on Tc steroidogenesis (apelin and visfatin). Irisin has direct effects on Gc but its precise role (inhibitory or stimulatory) may be species dependent and its effects on Tc will require additional research. Thus, most adipokines have direct effects (either positive or negative) on steroid production in ovarian cells, but how they all work together to create a cumulative effect or disease will require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Excel Rio S Maylem
- Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters and Gene Pool, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Luis Fernando Schütz
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Leon J Spicer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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2
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Cox JF, Carrasco A, Navarrete F, Allende R, Saravia F, Dorado J. Unveiling the Role of IGF-I in Fertility: Effect of Long-Acting Bovine Somatotropin (bST) on Terminal Follicular Development and Fertility during an Annual Reproductive Cycle in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1097. [PMID: 38612336 PMCID: PMC11011003 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effect of long-acting bST treatment, in a dose that only increases IGF-I plasma concentrations, on ovarian and fertility markers of estrous synchronized ewes that were fed to keep their bodyweight. Three experiments were designed to evaluate this effect: in Experiment 1, 18 ewes were distributed in groups (bST 0, 30, 50 mg) to measure plasma IGF-I and insulin for 15 days; in Experiment 2, 92 ewes (5 replicates) in two groups (0 and 30 mg bST) were synchronized using a 6-day progesterone protocol during the breeding season to assess the effect of bST on follicular and luteal performances, estrous and ovulation, and fertility after mating. In Experiment 3, 50 ewes (3 replicates) were used to repeat the study before but during anestrus. Results indicate that 50 mg bST increased IGF-I and insulin plasma concentrations, but 30 mg bST only increased IGF-I concentrations; and that only during the breeding season did 30 mg bST increase the number of lambs born and the reproductive success of ovulatory-sized follicles compared to controls. This occurred without it affecting any other reproductive marker. In conclusion, 30 mg bST treatment may improve oocyte competence for fertility during the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Cox
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile (F.S.)
| | - Albert Carrasco
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile (F.S.)
| | - Felipe Navarrete
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile (F.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Allende
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile (F.S.)
| | - Fernando Saravia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile (F.S.)
| | - Jesús Dorado
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Campus Rabanales, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
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3
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Ahmadi S, Nemoto Y, Ohkubo T. Impact of In Ovo Leptin Injection and Dietary Protein Levels on Ovarian Growth Markers and Early Folliculogenesis in Post-Hatch Chicks ( Gallus gallus domesticus). BIOLOGY 2024; 13:69. [PMID: 38392288 PMCID: PMC10886161 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Genetically bred for rapid growth, broiler breeder hens develop obesity and ovarian dysfunction when fed ad libitum, resembling a condition that resembles human polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Nutritional control applies to post-hatched chicks from one week onward to prevent the development of a PCOS-like phenotype in adult broilers. This study investigated the impact of a growth marker, leptin, and post-hatch nutritional intake on early-life ovarian function. Fertile broiler eggs were injected in ovo with physiological saline solution or 5 µg of leptin and then incubated. After hatching, female chicks were fed ad libitum a diet containing low protein (17% low crude protein (LP)) or standard protein (22% standard crude protein (SP)). Tissues were collected from 7- and 28-day-old chicks for RT-qPCR and histological analysis. In contrast to the LP diet, the SP diet suppressed the mRNA expression of ovarian growth markers essential for folliculogenesis in post-hatched chicks. Leptin injection did not influence ovarian growth markers but increased pituitary gonadotropin transcripts in 7-day-old chicks fed with LP diet. No treatment effects on follicle activation were noted on day 7, but by day 28, in ovo leptin-treated LP-fed chicks exhibited a higher percentage of primary follicles. These changes may have resulted from the early upregulation of genes by leptin during the first week, including pituitary gonadotropins and ovarian leptin receptors. The decline in ovarian growth markers with the SP diet highlights the importance of precise post-hatch protein calculation, which may influence future ovarian function in animals. These findings may contribute to future dietary strategies to enhance broiler reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadequllah Ahmadi
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 300-0393, Japan
- Faculty of Animal Science, Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University, Kandahar 3801, Afghanistan
| | - Yuta Nemoto
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 300-0393, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohkubo
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami 300-0393, Japan
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4
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Etrusco A, Laganà AS, Chiantera V, Buzzaccarini G, Unfer V. Myo-inositol in assisted reproductive technology from bench to bedside. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:74-83. [PMID: 37798243 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Inositols are insulin-sensitizing compounds of promising efficacy in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). On the one hand, myo-inositol (myo-ins) plays a regulatory role in male and female reproductive function, influencing the development of oocytes, spermatozoa, and embryos. On the other hand, high concentrations of D-chiro-inositol (D-chiro-ins) in the ovary may adversely affect oocyte quality. This review analyses the available literature, which encourages the clinical use of myo-ins in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) due to its beneficial effects on female and male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Etrusco
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Paolo Giaccone' Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Paolo Giaccone' Hospital, Palermo, Italy; The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI)
| | - Vito Chiantera
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Institute - IRCCS - Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Buzzaccarini
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Unfer
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI); UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy.
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5
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Hayes E, Winston N, Stocco C. Molecular crosstalk between insulin-like growth factors and follicle-stimulating hormone in the regulation of granulosa cell function. Reprod Med Biol 2024; 23:e12575. [PMID: 38571513 PMCID: PMC10988955 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The last phase of folliculogenesis is driven by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and locally produced insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), both essential for forming preovulatory follicles. Methods This review discusses the molecular crosstalk of the FSH and IGF signaling pathways in regulating follicular granulosa cells (GCs) during the antral-to-preovulatory phase. Main findings IGFs were considered co-gonadotropins since they amplify FSH actions in GCs. However, this view is not compatible with data showing that FSH requires IGFs to stimulate GCs, that FSH renders GCs sensitive to IGFs, and that FSH signaling interacts with factors downstream of AKT to stimulate GCs. New evidence suggests that FSH and IGF signaling pathways intersect at several levels to regulate gene expression and GC function. Conclusion FSH and locally produced IGFs form a positive feedback loop essential for preovulatory follicle formation in all species. Understanding the mechanisms by which FSH and IGFs interact to control GC function will help design new interventions to optimize follicle maturation, perfect treatment of ovulatory defects, improve in vitro fertilization, and develop new contraceptive approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hayes
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Nicola Winston
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Carlos Stocco
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Uju CN, Unniappan S. Growth factors and female reproduction in vertebrates. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 579:112091. [PMID: 37863469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Female reproductive efficiency is influenced by the outcomes of various processes, including folliculogenesis, apoptosis, response to gonadotropin signaling, oocyte maturation, and ovulation. The role of hormones in regulating these processes and other reproductive activities has been well established. It is becoming increasingly evident that in addition to well-characterized hormones, growth factors play vital roles in regulating some of these reproductive activities. Growth factors and their receptors are widely distributed in vertebrate ovaries at different stages of ovarian development, indicating their involvement in intraovarian reproductive functions. In the ovary, cell surface receptors allow growth factors to regulate intraovarian reproductive activities. Understanding these actions in the reproductive axis would provide a tool to target growth factors and/or their receptors to yield desirable reproductive outcomes. These include enrichment of in vitro maturation and fertilization culture media, and management of infertility. This review discusses some widely characterized growth factors belonging to the TGF, EGF, IGF, FGF, and BDNF family of peptides and their role in female reproduction in vertebrates, with a focus on mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinelo N Uju
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada.
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Rawan AF, Langar H, Munetomo M, Yamamoto Y, Kawano K, Kimura K. Effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the mRNA expression of estradiol receptors, steroidogenic enzymes, and steroid production in bovine follicles. J Reprod Dev 2023; 69:337-346. [PMID: 37940556 PMCID: PMC10721850 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays a crucial role in follicular growth and stimulates steroid hormone production in bovine follicles. Steroid hormones are synthesized through the actions of steroidogenic enzymes, specifically STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B, and CYP19A1 in both theca cells (TCs) and granulosa cells (GCs), under the influence of gonadotropins. Particularly, estradiol 17β (E2) assumes a central role in follicular development and selection by activating estrogen receptors β (ESR2) in GCs. We assessed ESR2 mRNA expression in GCs of developing follicles and investigated the impact of IGF-1 on the mRNA expression of ESR2, CYP19A1, FSHR, and LHCGR, STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD17B in cultured GCs and TCs, respectively. Additionally, we assessed the influence of IGF-1 on androstenedione (A4), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T) production in TCs. Small-sized follicles (< 6 mm) exhibited the highest levels of ESR2 mRNA expression, whereas medium-sized follicles (7-8 mm) displayed higher levels than large-sized follicles (≥ 9 mm) (P < 0.05). IGF-1 increased the mRNA expression of ESR2, CYP19A1, and FSHR in GCs of follicles of both sizes, except for FSHR mRNA in medium-sized follicles (P < 0.05). IGF-1 significantly elevated mRNA expression of LHCGR, STAR, CYP11A1, and CYP17B in TCs of small- and medium-sized follicles (P < 0.05). Moreover, IGF-1 augmented the production of A4 and P4 but had no impact on T production in TCs of small- and medium-sized follicles. Taken together, our findings indicate that IGF-1 upregulates steroidogenic enzymes and steroid hormone production, underscoring the crucial role of IGF-1 in follicle development and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Farid Rawan
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Pre-Clinic Department, Veterinary Science Faculty, Nangarhar University, 2603, Afghanistan
| | - Hikmatullah Langar
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Maho Munetomo
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Koji Kimura
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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8
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Francoeur L, Scoville DM, Johnson PA. Effect of IGF1 and FSH on the function of granulosa cells from prehierarchal follicles in chickens†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:498-506. [PMID: 37504508 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is an essential regulator of mammalian follicle development and synergizes with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to amplify its effects. In avian preovulatory follicles, IGF1 increases the expression of genes involved in steroidogenesis and progesterone and inhibin A production. The role of IGF1 in prehierarchal follicles has not been well studied in chickens. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IGF1 in granulosa cells from prehierarchal follicles and to determine whether IGF1 and FSH synergize to promote follicle development. Granulosa cells of 3-5 and 6-8 mm prehierarchal follicles were cultured with IGF1 (0, 10, 100 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of FSH (0, 10 ng/mL). Cell proliferation, expression of genes important in follicle development (FSHR, IGF1R, AMH, STAR, CYP11A1, INHA, and INHBA), and progesterone production were evaluated following treatment. IGF1 treatment alone significantly increased STAR, CYP11A1, and INHBA mRNA expression and cell proliferation in granulosa cells of 6-8 mm follicles. IGF1 and FSH synergized to increase STAR mRNA expression in 6-8 mm follicles. IGF1 and FSH co-treatment were necessary to increase INHA mRNA expression in 6-8 mm follicles. Although IGF1 significantly increased the expression of genes involved in steroidogenesis, progesterone production in granulosa cells of 6-8 mm follicles was not affected. IGF1 did not affect AMH mRNA expression, although FSH significantly decreased AMH expression in granulosa cells of 3-5 mm follicles. These results suggest that IGF1 may act with FSH to promote follicle selection at the prehierarchal follicle stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Francoeur
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Deena M Scoville
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Patricia A Johnson
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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9
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Baddela VS, Michaelis M, Tao X, Koczan D, Vanselow J. ERK1/2-SOX9/FOXL2 axis regulates ovarian steroidogenesis and favors the follicular-luteal transition. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302100. [PMID: 37532283 PMCID: PMC10397509 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol and progesterone are the primary sex steroids produced by the ovary. Upon luteinizing hormone surge, estradiol-producing granulosa cells convert into progesterone-producing cells and eventually become large luteal cells of the corpus luteum. Signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in the cessation of estradiol and simultaneous stimulation of progesterone production in granulosa cells are not clearly understood. Here, we decipher that phosphorylated ERK1/2 regulates granulosa cell steroidogenesis by inhibiting estradiol and inducing progesterone production. Down-regulation of transcription factor FOXL2 and up-regulation of SOX9 by ERK underpin its differential steroidogenic function. Interestingly, the incidence of SOX9 is largely uncovered in ovarian cells and is found to regulate FOXL2 along with CYP19A1 and STAR genes, encoding rate-limiting enzymes of steroidogenesis, in cultured granulosa cells. We propose that the novel ERK1/2-SOX9/FOXL2 axis in granulosa cells is a critical regulator of ovarian steroidogenesis and may be considered when addressing pathophysiologies associated with inappropriate steroid production and infertility in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Simha Baddela
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Marten Michaelis
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Xuelian Tao
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute of Immunology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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10
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Chen C, Jiang X, Ding C, Sun X, Wan L, Wang C. Downregulated lncRNA HOTAIR ameliorates polycystic ovaries syndrome via IGF-1 mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2227280. [PMID: 37356454 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2227280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder that leads to infertility in reproductive-aged females. HOTAIR is highly expressed in various gynecological diseases and is associated with a poor prognosis. We aimed to explore the role of HOTAIR in PCOS. METHODS First, PCOS rats were induced using dehydroepiandrosterone and then treated with si-HOTAIR. Next, HOTAIR mRNA expression and serum hormone levels were detected. HE staining was applied to observe estrus cycle, ovarian morphology and count the number of follicles. Apoptosis in the ovary was detected by TUNEL. Thereafter, ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) were isolated from PCOS rats, transfected with si-HOTAIR and treated with LY294002 (Akt inhibitor) or IGF-1. CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis. IGF-1, apoptosis- and PI3K/Akt pathway-associated protein expressions in ovary and GCs were also detected. RESULTS In in vivo experiments, si-HOTAIR decreased serum T, E2 and LH levels but increased FSH level, restored estrus cycle, ovarian morphology and inhibited apoptosis of ovary in PCOS rats. Meanwhile, in vitro assays showed that si-HOTAIR upregulated the viability but inhibited the apoptosis of PCOS GCs. Furthermore, both in vivo and in vitro assays revealed that si-HOTAIR increased Bcl-2 expression but suppressed Bax, Bad, IGF-1 expressions and PI3K, AKT phosphorylation. However, the aforementioned effects of si-HOTAIR in vitro were further enhanced by LY294002 and partially reversed by IGF-1. CONCLUSIONS HOTAIR knockdown improved PCOS, and the mechanism may relate to IGF-1-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway, indicating HOTAIR may be a novel therapeutic target for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyue Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejuan Jiang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caifei Ding
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyi Wan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenye Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Sardar VM, Gupta M, Korde JP, Bahiram KB, Bonde SW. Orexin system in buffalo ovarian follicles and effect of orexin on oestradiol production. Reprod Domest Anim 2023. [PMID: 36881512 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Orexin is a ligand for orexin receptors OX1R and OX2R; it is a neuropeptide with pleiotropic functions, including regulation of reproduction. The current study was carried out to investigate the mRNA expression of the prepro-orexin gene (PPO) and orexin receptors (OX1R and OX2R) in ovarian follicles during different stages of their development in the ovary of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and to determine the role of orexin on oestradiol production. Ovarian follicles were classified into four groups based on size and oestradiol (E2 ) level in the follicular fluid (FF) as follows: (i) small or F1, (ii) medium or F2, (iii) large or F3, and (iv) dominant/pre-ovulatory follicle or F4. In follicles, the mRNA expression of PPO and OX1R was greater in F3 and F4 follicles in granulosa cells (GC) and theca interna (TI) cells. OX2R expression did not vary among the different follicular stages in GC. Orexin-A and orexin receptors were localized in the cytoplasm of GC and TI, and intensity was higher in F3 and F4 follicles. In addition, we cultured GC and treated them at 0.1, 1.0, and 10 ng/mL orexin-A alone or in the presence of FSH (30 ng/mL) or IGF-I (10 ng/mL) for 48 h. There was a significant (p < .05) increase in oestradiol (E2 ) secretion and cytochrome P0450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1) expression from GC at 1.0 and 10.0 ng/mL orexin-A in the presence of 30 ng/mL follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or 10 ng/mL insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). In conclusion, the present study provided evidence that the orexin system is expressed in buffalo ovarian follicles, and orexin-A in the presence of FSH and IGF-I has a stimulatory effect on oestradiol secretion from the GC of water buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas M Sardar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur, India
| | - Mahesh Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur, India
| | - Jayant P Korde
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur, India
| | - Krushna B Bahiram
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur, India
| | - Sachin W Bonde
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur, India
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12
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Barrera SS, Naranjo-Gomez JS, Rondón-Barragán IS. Thermoprotective molecules: Effect of insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-1) in cattle oocytes exposed to high temperatures. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14375. [PMID: 36967889 PMCID: PMC10036656 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of heat stress (HS) on the welfare and productivity of cattle are the result of the associated hyperthermia and the physiological and behavioral mechanisms performed by the animal to regulate body temperature. The negative effects of HS on in vitro oocyte maturation and in vitro bovine embryo production have been reported; being one of the major concerns due to economic and productive losses, and several mechanisms have been implemented to reduce its impact. These mechanisms include supplementation of the medium with hormones, adjuvants, identification of protective genes, among others. This review aims to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) during in vitro and in vivo maturation of bovine oocytes and its thermoprotective effect under HS. Although the supplementation of the culture medium during oocyte maturation with IGF-1 has been implemented during the last years, there are still controversial results, however, supplementation with low concentration showed a positive effect on maturation and thermoprotection of oocytes exposed to higher temperatures. Additionally, IGF-1 is involved in multiple cellular pathways, and it may regulate cell apoptosis in cases of HS and protect oocyte competence under in vitro conditions.
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13
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Convissar S, Bennett-Toomey J, Stocco C. Insulin-like growth factor 1 enhances follicle-stimulating hormone-induced phosphorylation of GATA4 in rat granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 559:111807. [PMID: 36279967 PMCID: PMC10041677 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Preovulatory granulosa cell (GC) differentiation is essential for the maturation and release of oocytes from the ovary. We have previously demonstrated that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) closely interact to control GC function. Similarly, we showed that GATA4 mediates FSH actions and it is required for preovulatory follicle formation. This report aimed to determine in vivo the effect of FSH on GATA4 phosphorylation and to investigate whether FSH and IGF1 interact to regulate GATA4 activity. In rat ovaries, treatment with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) increased the phosphorylation of GATA4, which was confined to the nucleus of GCs. Using primary rat GCs, we observed that GATA4 phosphorylation at serine 105 increases the transcriptional activity of this transcription factor. Like FSH, IGF1 stimulated GATA4 phosphorylation at serine 105. Interestingly, GATA4 phosphorylation was significantly higher in cells cotreated with FSH and IGF1 when compared to FSH or IGF1 alone, suggesting that IGF1 augments the effects of FSH on GATA4. It was also found that the enhancing effect of IGF1 requires AKT activity and is mimicked by the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK3β), suggesting that AKT inhibition of GSK3β may play a role in the regulation of GATA4 phosphorylation. The data support an important role of the IGF1/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway in the regulation of GATA4 transcriptional activity and provide new insights into the mechanisms by which FSH and IGF1 regulate GC differentiation. Our findings suggest that GATA4 transcriptional activation may, at least partially, mediate AKT actions in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Convissar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jill Bennett-Toomey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Carlos Stocco
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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14
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Zhu M, Wang D, Zou K, Wang F, Zhang Z, Song X, Jia C, Wei Z. Insulin-like growth factor-1 regulates follicle selection of hens by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of granulosa cells in prehierarchical follicles in vitro. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107091. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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15
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Sethi M, Shah N, Mohanty TK, Bhakat M, Baithalu RK. New dimensions on maternal and prepubertal nutritional disruption on bull fertility: A review. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Baddela VS, Michaelis M, Sharma A, Plinski C, Viergutz T, Vanselow J. Estradiol production of granulosa cells is unaffected by the physiological mix of non-esterified fatty acids in follicular fluid. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102477. [PMID: 36096202 PMCID: PMC9576879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cycle is controlled by circulating levels of the steroid hormone 17-β-estradiol, which is predominantly synthesized by the granulosa cells (GCs) of ovarian follicles. Our earlier studies showed that unsaturated fatty acids (USFs) downregulate and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) upregulate estradiol production in GCs. However, it was unclear whether pituitary gonadotropins induce accumulation of free fatty acids (FFAs) in the follicular fluid since follicle-stimulating hormone induces and luteinizing hormone inhibits estradiol production in the mammalian ovary. Interestingly, we show here the gas chromatography analysis of follicular fluid revealed no differential accumulation of FFAs between pre- and post-luteinizing hormone surge follicles. We therefore wondered how estradiol production is regulated in the physiological context, as USFs and SFAs are mutually present in the follicular fluid. We thus performed in vitro primary GC cultures with palmitate, palmitoleate, stearate, oleate, linoleate, and alpha-linolenate, representing >80% of the FFA fraction in the follicular fluid, and analyzed 62 different cell culture conditions to understand the regulation of estradiol biosynthesis under diverse FFA combinations. Our analyses showed co-supplementation of SFAs with USFs rescued estradiol production by restoring gonadotropin receptors and aromatase, antagonizing the inhibitory effects of USFs. Furthermore, transcriptome data of oleic acid–treated GCs indicated USFs induce the ERK and Akt signaling pathways. We show SFAs inhibit USF-induced ERK1/2 and Akt activation, wherein ERK1/2 acts as a negative regulator of estradiol synthesis. We propose SFAs are vital components of the follicular fluid, without which gonadotropin signaling and the ovarian cycle would probably be shattered by USFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Simha Baddela
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm Stahl Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Marten Michaelis
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm Stahl Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Arpna Sharma
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm Stahl Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Christian Plinski
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm Stahl Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Torsten Viergutz
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm Stahl Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm Stahl Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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17
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Afradiasbagharani P, Hosseini E, Allahveisi A, Bazrafkan M. The insulin-like growth factor and its players: their functions, significance, and consequences in all aspects of ovarian physiology. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-022-00119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) has unique and well-known functions in female fertility, according to documents reporting improved yield of oocytes, reinforced quality of the embryo, and enhanced live births with simultaneous reduction of miscarriage. However, there is no detailed information on the bio-mechanisms linking such clinical differences.
Main body
IGF and its receptors are expressed in a variety of tissues in the reproductive system such as granulosa cells, oocytes, and theca cells. Hence, the development of female gametes may be directly regulated by IGF, thereby affecting gamete quality and so its competence for implantation. IGF is a central player in changing the fate of cells during survival and proliferation through the modulation of leading signaling pathways, including Jak/STAT, MAP kinase/ERK, and PI3K/Akt, and subsequent impacts on steroidogenesis and cell division.
Conclusion
The current review aims to scrutinize the performance of IGF to regulate the normal ovarian, and its impacts on cell signaling pathways and resulting alterations in steroidogenesis and cell proliferation. The function of IGF and its receptor has been reviewed in female fertility at both molecular and biochemical levels.
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18
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Ahmadi S, Ohkubo T. Leptin Promotes Primordial Follicle Activation by Regulating Ovarian Insulin-like Growth Factor System in Chicken. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6650339. [PMID: 35882602 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Leptin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) regulate follicle development and reproduction in vertebrates. This study investigated the role played by leptin and IGF-1 in primordial follicle activation in the ovary of 7-day-old chicks. Different doses of leptin were intraperitoneally administrated to female layer chicks, and further analyses were performed. While leptin administration did not affect hepatic leptin receptor (LEPR), growth hormone receptor (GHR), or IGF-1, the lower dose of leptin significantly increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor, and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and attenuated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) gene expression in the ovary. Furthermore, the ovaries of the same age chicks were challenged with leptin and/or IGF-1 in vitro. Leptin at a lower dose increased the mRNA expression of IGF-1, LEPR, and leptin; 100 ng/mL leptin and 10 ng/mL IGF-1 alone or combined with leptin reduced IGFBP-2 mRNA expression. AMH gene expression was also reduced by all doses except 10 ng/mL leptin. Histological studies showed that a lower dose of leptin injection induced the primordial follicle growth in the ovary in vivo, and the number of primordial follicles was higher in all leptin treatments over control in vitro. Moreover, the luciferase assay revealed that leptin enhanced IGF-1 promoter activity in LEPR-expressing CHO-K1 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that leptin directly affects the IGF-1/IGFBP system and promotes primordial follicular growth in the ovary of early posthatch chicks. In addition, the follicular development by leptin-induced IGF-1 is, at least in part, caused by the suppression of AMH in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadequllah Ahmadi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohkubo
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
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19
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Tabandeh MR, Jozaie S, Ghotbedin Z, Gorani S. Dimethyl itaconic acid improves viability and steroidogenesis and suppresses cytokine production in LPS-treated bovine ovarian granulosa cells by regulating TLR4/nfkβ, NLRP3, JNK signaling pathways. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:89-98. [PMID: 35933803 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The stimulation of pro-inflammatory pathways by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins is a key player in the pathological mechanisms involved in the development of ovarian dysfunctions in dairy cows. Dimethyl itaconate acid (DMIA) is a novel immunometabolite that has recently emerged as a regulator of inflammatory responses in mammals. The present study was undertaken to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of DMIA on bovine granulosa cells (GCs) and to explore its possible molecular mechanisms. The ovarian GCs were obtained from small follicles of dairy cows. The GCs were stimulated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 4 h and then treated with 250 μM DMIA for 12 h. The viability, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and synthesis of steroid hormones were evaluated in treated GCs. Our results showed that DMIA reduced the inflammatory responses in LPS stimulated GCs by down-regulating the expression of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, and toll-like receptor 4 and by suppressing the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B and c-Jun N-terminal kinase proteins. DMIA also attenuated the increased production of pro inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1 beta (p < 0.01) in LPS stimulated GCs. Exposure of LPS stimulated GCs to DMIA improved the impaired steroidogenesis by up-regulation of steroid synthesis genes including 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, follicle stimulating hormone receptor and cytochrome P450 aromatase. The results of the present study highlight the potential role of itaconic acid for the improvement of GCs inflammation in dairy cows with ovarian dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Sadegh Jozaie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zohre Ghotbedin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saad Gorani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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20
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Lundberg AL, Jaskiewicz NM, Maucieri AM, Townson DH. Stimulatory effects of TGFα in granulosa cells of bovine small antral follicles. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6620783. [PMID: 35772748 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraovarian growth factors play a vital role in influencing the fate of ovarian follicles. They affect proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GC) and can influence whether small antral follicles continue their growth or undergo atresia. Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFα), an oocyte-derived growth factor, is thought to regulate granulosa cell function; yet its investigation has been largely overshadowed by emerging interest in TGF-beta superfamily members, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Here, effects of TGFα on bovine GC proliferation, intracellular signaling, and cytokine-induced apoptosis were evaluated. Briefly, all small antral follicles (3-5 mm) from slaughterhouse specimens of bovine ovary pairs were aspirated and the cells were plated in T25 flasks containing DMEM/F12 medium, 10% FBS, and antibiotic-antimycotic, and incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2 for 3 to 4 d. Once confluent, the cells were sub-cultured for experiments (in 96-, 12-, or 6-well plates) in serum-free conditions (DMEM/F12 medium with ITS). Exposure of the bGC to TGFα (10 or 100 ng/mL) for 24 h stimulated cell proliferation compared to control (P < 0.05; n = 7 ovary pairs). Proliferation was accompanied by a concomitant increase in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling within 2 h of treatment, as evidenced by phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression (P < 0.05, n = 3 ovary pairs). These effects were entirely negated, however, by the MAPK inhibitor, U0126 (10uM, P < 0.05). Additionally, prior exposure of the bGC to TGFα (100 ng/mL) failed to prevent Fas Ligand (100 ng/mL)-induced apoptosis, as measured by caspase 3/7 activity (P < 0.05, n = 7 ovary pairs). Collectively, the results indicate TGFα stimulates proliferation of bGC from small antral follicles via a MAPK/ERK-mediated mechanism, but this action alone fails to prevent apoptosis, suggesting that TGFα may be incapable of promoting their persistence in follicles during the process of follicular selection/dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole M Jaskiewicz
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Abigail M Maucieri
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - David H Townson
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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21
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Dai S, Zhang H, Yang F, Shang W, Zeng S. Effects of IGF-1 on the Three-Dimensional Culture of Ovarian Preantral Follicles and Superovulation Rates in Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060833. [PMID: 35741354 PMCID: PMC9219699 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays a crucial role during folliculogenesis, which has been demonstrated by previous research. However, the optimal IGF-1 dosage in the three-dimensional (3D) culture system is unknown. Mouse secondary follicles (140−150 µm) were cultured for 6 days within an alginate bead in a medium supplemented with 0 (G0), 5 ng/mL (G5), 10 ng/mL (G10), or 50 ng/mL IGF-1 (G50). Secretions of 17β-estradiol and progesterone were significantly increased in G10 and G50 (p < 0.05). However, G50 significantly inhibited follicular growth (p < 0.05), while G10 showed a higher oocyte maturation rate. Thus, the 10 ng/mL IGF-1 was used in subsequent experiments. IGF-1 enhanced the function of granulosa cells (GCs) by upregulating expressions of Star, Cyp19a1, Hsd3b1, Fshr, and Lhcgr. Oocyte secretory function was promoted by upregulating expressions of Bmp-15, Gdf-9, and Fgf-8. Addition of IGF-1 showed anti-apoptotic effect. However, G10 did not improve fertilization rate of MII oocytes compared to G0. In an intraperitoneal injection experiment in mice, IGF-1 significantly increased the number of ovulated oocytes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, 10 ng/mL IGF-1 can promote the production of mature oocytes in the 3D culture medium and injection of IGF-1 before superovulation increases the number of ovulated oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Dai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.D.); (H.Z.); (F.Y.)
| | - Hanxue Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.D.); (H.Z.); (F.Y.)
| | - Feng Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.D.); (H.Z.); (F.Y.)
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center, Beijing 100037, China
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shenming Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.D.); (H.Z.); (F.Y.)
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (S.Z.)
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22
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Pleiotropic Effects of IGF1 on the Oocyte. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101610. [PMID: 35626647 PMCID: PMC9140015 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A woman’s endocrine system plays a crucial role in orchestrating cellular interactions throughout her life. The growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system appears to impact crucial reproductive events and cell types of the ovary, such as granulosa cells, theca cells, and oocytes. Further, IGF1 is a cornerstone during embryonic development and influences predominantly developing and pre-antral follicles. In this commentary, we will emphasize the pleiotropic effects of IGF1 on physiological processes inside the egg. Herein, we will provide a brief overview on IGF1 related cell signal transduction pathways during the maturation and aging of oocytes. We aim to elucidate from a molecular and biochemical point of view if IGF1 in women with metabolic imbalances such as obesity or diabetes could be used in clinics as a novel, reliable estimator for the developmental competence of an oocyte.
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23
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Polzikov M, Blinov D, Barakhoeva Z, Vovk L, Fetisova Y, Ovchinnikova M, Tischenko M, Zorina I, Yurasov V, Ushakova T, Sergeyev O. Association of the Serum Folate and Total Calcium and Magnesium Levels Before Ovarian Stimulation With Outcomes of Fresh In Vitro Fertilization Cycles in Normogonadotropic Women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:732731. [PMID: 35222266 PMCID: PMC8874277 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.732731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women of reproductive age are recommended to consume folic acid and other supplements before conception and during pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the association of the serum folate and total magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) levels before ovarian stimulation with the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in normogonadotropic women. Methods We used a subanalysis of data obtained from a multicentre, randomized prospective study (NCT03088137). A total of 110 normogonadotropic, non-advanced aged, non-obese women with tubal and/or male infertility factors were enrolled for the single fresh ovarian stimulation GnRH antagonist cycle. The main outcome measures were the total oocyte yield, mature oocytes, fertilization rate, biochemical, clinical pregnancy, and live birth. Multivariable generalized linear models adjusted for covariates were used with a Poisson distribution and the log link function for adjusted oocyte counts, and a binomial distribution and the log link function were used for adjusted clinical ART outcomes. Results The medians (interquartile range (IQR)) were as follows: baseline serum folate, 20.55 ng/ml (10.8, 32.9); Mg, 19.4 mg/L (18.7, 20.7); Ca, 94 mg/L (91.2, 96.4); and Ca/Mg ratio, 4.78 (4.55, 5.02). Women with higher serum folate concentrations (Q4≥33.0 ng/ml) had significantly lower total numbers of oocytes retrieved (adjusted mean (95% CI) 9.2 (7.6-11.3) vs 12.9 (10.9-15.4, p-trend=0.006)) and lower odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) of 0.12 (0.02, 0.79) for clinical pregnancy and 0.10 (0.01, 0.70) for live birth compared with women in the lowest quartile (<10.8 ng/ml), all p-trend<0.001. Women in the highest Ca/Mg ratio quartile (≥5.02) had ORs (95% CI) of 6.58 (1.31, 33.04) for biochemical pregnancy, 4.85 (1.02, 23.08) for clinical pregnancy and 4.07 (0.83, 19.9) for the live birth rate compared with women in the lowest quartile (<4.55), all p-trend<0.001. Conclusions Using multivariable models, we suggested that a baseline elevated serum folate level (≥33.0 ng/ml) and a lower Ca/Mg ratio were associated with worse ART outcomes in normogonadotropic women. Our findings might be useful for choosing safe dosages of folate, calcium, magnesium and complex supplementation for both fertile women and women undergoing infertility treatment. Further preconception large-scale studies with known micro- and macronutrient statuses of both parents and serum folate, Ca, Mg, and hormone levels, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry Blinov
- Institute for Preventive and Social Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Lapino Clinical Hospital, MD Medical Group, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zarema Barakhoeva
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department, “AltraVita” Human Reproduction Clinic, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Vovk
- Perinatal Medical Center, MD Medical Group, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Fetisova
- Perinatal Medical Center, MD Medical Group, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Irina Zorina
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department, “NovaClinic” Center of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily Yurasov
- Laboratory of Chromatographic Systems LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Ushakova
- IVFarma LLC, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Preventive and Social Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Sergeyev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Stephens CS, Hill-Ricciuti A, Francoeur L, Johnson PA. Feeding level is associated with altered liver transcriptome and follicle selection in the hen. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:943-952. [PMID: 35084018 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic selection for particular traits in domestic animals may have altered the optimal feedback regulation among systems regulating appetite, growth, and reproduction. Broiler breeder chickens have been selected for fast and efficient growth and, unless feed restricted, consume excessively resulting in poor reproductive efficiency. We examined the effect of dietary treatment in full fed (FF) and restricted fed (RF) broiler breeder hens on ovarian responses and on liver morphology and transcriptome associated with reproductive function. Although FF broiler breeder hens had lower egg production (p < 0.01), the total number of ovarian follicles >8 mm (p < 0.01), 6-8 mm (p < 0.03), and 3-5 mm (p < 0.04) were greater in FF hens compared to RF hens. There was a large amount of lipid accumulation in the liver of FF hens and differential gene analysis yielded 120 genes that were differentially expressed >2-fold in response to feeding level (p < 0.01; FDR < 0.05). Elevated T3 may indicate that general metabolism was affected by diet and GHR (p < 0.01) and IGF1 (p < 0.04) mRNA expression were both greater in the liver of FF hens as compared to RF hens. It is likely that selection for increased growth, associated with enhanced activity of the IGF1 system, has altered nutritional coupling of feed intake to follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Stephens
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - A Hill-Ricciuti
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - L Francoeur
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - P A Johnson
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Kim M, Hwang SU, Yoon JD, Lee J, Kim E, Cai L, Kim G, Choi H, Oh D, Hyun SH. Beneficial Effects of Neurotrophin-4 Supplementation During in vitro Maturation of Porcine Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes and Subsequent Embryonic Development After Parthenogenetic Activation. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:779298. [PMID: 34869748 PMCID: PMC8632945 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.779298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) is a neurotrophic factor that plays an important role in follicular development and oocyte maturation. However, it is not yet known whether NT-4 is related to oocyte maturation and follicular development in pigs. This study aims to investigate the effects of NT-4 supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation (PA). First, NT-4 and its receptors (TrkB and p75NTR) were identified through fluorescent immunohistochemistry in porcine ovaries. NT-4 was mainly expressed in theca and granulosa cells; phospho-TrkB and total TrkB were expressed in theca cells, granulosa cells, and oocytes; p75NTR was expressed in all follicular cells. During IVM, the defined maturation medium was supplemented with various concentrations of NT-4 (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL). After IVM, the nuclear maturation rate was significantly higher in the 10 and 100 ng/mL NT-4 treated groups than in the control. There was no significant difference in the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in any group after IVM, but the 1 and 10 ng/mL NT-4 treatment groups showed a significant increase in the intracellular glutathione levels compared to the control. In matured cumulus cells, the 10 ng/mL NT-4 treatment group showed significantly increased cumulus expansion-related genes and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway-related genes. In matured oocytes, the 10 ng/mL treatment group showed significantly increased expression of cell proliferation-related genes, antioxidant-related genes, and EGF signaling pathway-related genes. We also investigated the subsequent embryonic developmental competence of PA embryos. After PA, the cleavage rates significantly increased in the 10 and 100 ng/mL NT-4 treatment groups. Although there was no significant difference in the total cell number of blastocysts, only the 10 ng/mL NT-4 treatment group showed a higher blastocyst formation rate than the control group. Our findings suggest that supplementation with the 10 ng/mL NT-4 can enhance porcine oocyte maturation by interacting with the EGF receptor signaling pathway. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that NT-4 is not only required for porcine follicular development, but also has beneficial effects on oocyte maturation and developmental competence of PA embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirae Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Seon-Ung Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Junchul David Yoon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Joohyeong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Eunhye Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Lian Cai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Gahye Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyerin Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Dongjin Oh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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Transcriptomic Profile of New Gene Markers Encoding Proteins Responsible for Structure of Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111214. [PMID: 34827207 PMCID: PMC8615192 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix (ECM) is involved in many physiological processes that occur in the ovary and affect reproduction in animals and humans. The ECM has been shown to significantly affect folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation. This is mainly due to the involvement of ECM in intercellular signaling. In the present study, we report the gene expression profile of porcine granulosa cells during their primary in vitro culture. The genes presented are related to ECM formation but also to cadherins and integrins that influence intercellular dialogue. During the study, it was shown that most of the genes were upregulated. A detailed understanding of the expression of genes such as POSTN, CHI3L1, CAV-1, IRS1, DCN in in vitro culture of granulosa cells may provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms occurring within the ovary. Knowledge of ECM-related gene expression within granulosa cells can also be used to study the recently discovered stemness of these cells. Moreover, the presented data may serve for the development of assisted reproduction techniques, which, especially in vitro, are becoming increasingly common. Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) in granulosa cells is functionally very important, and it is involved in many processes related to ovarian follicle growth and ovulation. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells that are associated with extracellular matrix formation, intercellular signaling, and cell–cell fusion. The material for this study was ovaries of sexually mature pigs obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse. Laboratory-derived granulosa cells (GCs) from ovarian follicles were cultured in a primary in vitro culture model. The extracted genetic material (0, 48, 96, and 144 h) were subjected to microarray expression analysis. Among 81 genes, 66 showed increased expression and only 15 showed decreased expression were assigned to 7 gene ontology groups “extracellular matrix binding”, “extracellular matrix structural constituent”, “binding, bridging”, “cadherin binding”, “cell adhesion molecule binding”, “collagen binding” and “cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion”. The 10 genes with the highest expression (POSTN, ITGA2, FN1, LAMB1, ITGB3, CHI3L1, PCOLCE2, CAV1, DCN, COL14A1) and 10 of the most down-regulated (SPP1, IRS1, CNTLN, TMPO, PAICS, ANK2, ADAM23, ABI3BP, DNAJB1, IGF1) were selected for further analysis. The results were validated by RT-qPCR. The current results may serve as preliminary data for further analyses using in vitro granulosa cell cultures in assisted reproduction technologies, studies of pathological processes in the ovary as well as in the use of the stemness potential of GCs.
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Fawzy AM, Ibrahim S, Mahmoud K, Heleil BA, El-Kon II, Almadaly EA, Ramoun AA. Gene expression profiles in the oocyte and granulosa cells and concomitant follicular fluid steroid hormone concentrations in pregnant versus non-pregnant she-camels. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Costermans NGJ, Soede NM, van Tricht F, Blokland M, Kemp B, Keijer J, Teerds KJ. Follicular fluid steroid profile in sows: relationship to follicle size and oocyte quality†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:740-749. [PMID: 31786607 PMCID: PMC7068110 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of reliable characteristics of follicle quality and developmental competence has been pursued in numerous studies, but with inconsistent outcomes. Here, we aimed to identify these characteristics by analysis of the follicular fluid (FF) steroid profile in relation to cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) morphology and follicle size, followed by molecular substantiation. Multiparous sows at weaning were used to facilitate analysis at the start of the follicular phase of the oestrus cycle. Sows with a higher average follicle size (≥5 mm vs. < 5 mm) had a higher follicular fluid β-estradiol concentration, but did not differ in other measured steroids. Sows with high compared to low percentage high-quality COCs (<70% vs. ≥70% high-quality) had follicular fluid with a higher concentration of β-estradiol, 19-norandrostenedione, progesterone, and α-testosterone, while the concentration of cortisol was lower. Transcriptome analysis of granulosa cells of healthy follicles of sows with a high percentage high-quality COCs showed higher abundance of transcripts involved in ovarian steroidogenesis (e.g., CYP19A2 and 3, POR, VEGFA) and growth (IGF1) and differential abundance of transcripts involved in granulosa cell apoptosis (e.g., GADD45A, INHBB). Differences in aromatase transcript abundance (CYP19A1, 2 and 3) were confirmed at the protein level. In addition, sows with a high percentage high-quality COCs lost less weight during lactation and had higher plasma IGF1 concentration at weaning, which may have affected COC quality. To the best of our knowledge, this study is also the first to report the relation between FF steroid profile and COC quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G J Costermans
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - N M Soede
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - F van Tricht
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Blokland
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - K J Teerds
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Nikhil Kumar Tej J, Johnson P, Krishna K, Kaushik K, Gupta PSP, Nandi S, Mondal S. Copper and Selenium stimulates CYP19A1 expression in caprine ovarian granulosa cells: possible involvement of AKT and WNT signalling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3515-3527. [PMID: 33881728 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of copper and selenium on activation of estradiol synthesis pathways viz. PKA/AKT/WNT is not clearly elucidated. On this background we attempt to elcuiated the role of copper and selenium on mRNA expression of genes associated with estradiol synthesis in caprine ovarian granulose cell models. Ovarian granulosa cells from medium (3-5 mm) sized follicles were aspirated and distributed separately to different groups. Group I: control, Group II: cupric chloride (Cu: 0.5 mM), Group III: sodium selenite (Se: 100 ng/ml), Group IV: Cu + Se. The cells (105/well) were cultured in 96 well plate in the base culture medium of MEMα comprising of nonessential amino acids (1.1 mM), FSH (10 ng/mL), transferrin (5 µg/mL), IGF-I (2 ng/mL), androstenedione (10-6 M), penicillin (100 IU/mL), streptomycin (0.1 mg/mL) and fungizone (0.625 µl/mL) and insulin (1 ng/mL). The cells were incubated in a carbondioxide incubator (38 °C, 5% CO2, 95% RH). The medium was changed on alternate days and cells were harvested on day 6. Day 6 media was used for estimation of estradiol. The RNA isolated form harvested cells was used for qPCR assay. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in estradiol concentration between groups. The mRNA expression of AKT1, CYP19A1, WNT2 & 4, FZD6 and APC2 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Cu and Cu + Se groups compared to control. Whereas, the mRNA transcript of DVL1 and CSNK1 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Cu + Se group compared to control. Incontrast, no significant difference in mRNA expression of PRKAR1A and CTNNB1 was noticed. Our study support a key role of copper and selenium in activation of AKT and WNT signalling pathway that further lead to increase in the mRNA expression of CYP19A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nikhil Kumar Tej
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - P Johnson
- Animal Biotechnology Lab, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavya Krishna
- Animal Biotechnology Lab, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalpana Kaushik
- Animal Biotechnology Lab, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P S P Gupta
- Animal Biotechnology Lab, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Nandi
- Animal Biotechnology Lab, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Mondal
- Animal Biotechnology Lab, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Differential molecular and hormonal changes in oocytes, granulosa cells and follicular fluid of pregnant and non-pregnant camels. ZYGOTE 2021; 29:427-434. [PMID: 33823953 DOI: 10.1017/s096719942000091x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the expression of genes regulating follicles development, survival and steroid hormones secretion in oocytes and granulosa cells (GCs) and study the correlation between their expression and follicular fluid (FF) levels of progesterone (P4) in pregnant and non-pregnant camels. In total, 138 ovarian pairs from slaughtered camels were used. Gene expression and hormonal assay were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The obtained results revealed that the number of follicles (3-8 mm) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in pregnant, compared with non-pregnant, camels. P4 level in the FF was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in pregnant, compared with non-pregnant, camels. However, no significant (P > 0.05) difference was noticed in the oestradiol (E2) level. STAR, PTEN, IGF1 and BCL2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in GCs and significantly lower in oocytes of pregnant, compared with non-pregnant, camels. However, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) mRNA level was significantly lower in GCs and oocytes, and the BMP15 mRNA level was significantly lower in oocytes of pregnant, compared with non-pregnant, camels. P4 level in FF was positively correlated with STAR, PTEN, IGF1 and BCL2 mRNA levels in GCs and negatively correlated with BMP15 mRNA levels in oocytes and FSHR mRNA levels in GCs and oocytes of pregnant camels. It could be concluded that pregnancy-induced variations in oocytes and GC expression of BMP15, IGF1, FSHR, STAR, BCL2, and PTEN genes might be associated with a decrease in the number of follicles and an increase in the FF level of P4.
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Faheem MS, Ghanem N, Gad A, Procházka R, Dessouki SM. Adaptive and Biological Responses of Buffalo Granulosa Cells Exposed to Heat Stress under In Vitro Condition. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030794. [PMID: 33809236 PMCID: PMC7998848 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The pertinent consequences of global warming substantially affect both animal productivity and fertility. Noteworthy, tropical and subtropical animal breeds are productively suited to hot climate conditions. Therefore studying the physiological changes accompanying high temperature, especially in tropically adapted species such as buffalo, will help in understanding the mechanisms that the animal use to accomplish the necessary functions efficiently. Concerning fertility-related activity, granulosa cells are important for the regulation of ovarian function and the completion of oocyte maturation. In this study, the buffalo granulosa cells were examined for their viability, physiological and molecular responses under in vitro heat stress conditions. Buffalo granulosa cells displayed different adaptive responses, at the physiological and molecular levels, to the different heat stress conditions. At 40.5 °C, granulosa cells exhibited a functional persistence compared to the control and other heat-treated groups. These results will provide insights into ways that tropically adapted breeds may be able to maintain better reproductive function when exposed to heat stress compared to temperate breeds. Abstract The steroidogenesis capacity and adaptive response of follicular granulosa cells (GCs) to heat stress were assessed together with the underlying regulating molecular mechanisms in Egyptian buffalo. In vitro cultured GCs were exposed to heat stress treatments at 39.5, 40.5, or 41.5 °C for the final 24 h of the culture period (7 days), while the control group was kept under normal conditions (37 °C). Comparable viability was observed between the control and heat-treated GCs at 39.5 and 40.5 °C. A higher release of E2, P4 and IGF-1 was observed in the 40.5 °C group compared with the 39.5 or 41.5 °C groups. The total antioxidant capacity was higher in response to heat stress at 39.5 °C. At 40.5 °C, a significant upregulation pattern was found in the expression of the stress resistance transcripts (SOD2 and NFE2L2) and of CPT2. The relative abundance of ATP5F1A was significantly downregulated for all heat-treated groups compared to the control, while TNFα was downregulated in GCs at 39.5 °C. Expression analyses of stress-related miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-181a and miR-27b) exhibited a significant downregulation in the 40.5 °C group compared to the control, whereas miR-708 was upregulated in the 39.5 and 40.5 °C groups. In conclusion, buffalo GCs exhibited different adaptive responses, to the different heat stress conditions. The integration mechanism between the molecular and secretory actions of the GCs cultured at 40.5 °C might provide possible insights into the biological mechanism through which buffalo GCs react to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S. Faheem
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt; (M.S.F.); (N.G.); (S.M.D.)
- Cairo University Research Park (CURP), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | - Nasser Ghanem
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt; (M.S.F.); (N.G.); (S.M.D.)
- Cairo University Research Park (CURP), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gad
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt; (M.S.F.); (N.G.); (S.M.D.)
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 27721 Liběchov, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
| | - Radek Procházka
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 27721 Liběchov, Czech Republic;
| | - Sherif M. Dessouki
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt; (M.S.F.); (N.G.); (S.M.D.)
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Liu T, Huang Y, Lin H. Estrogen disorders: Interpreting the abnormal regulation of aromatase in granulosa cells (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:73. [PMID: 33693952 PMCID: PMC7952251 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are the most important source of estrogen. Therefore, aromatase (estrogen synthase), which is the key enzyme in estrogen synthesis, is not only an important factor of ovarian development, but also the key to estrogen secretion by GCs. Disorders of the ovarian estrogen secretion are more likely to induce female estrogen-dependent diseases and fertility issues, such as ovarian cancer and polycystic ovary syndrome. Hence, aromatase is an important drug target; treatment with its inhibitors in estrogen-dependent diseases has attracted increasing attention. The present review article focuses on the regulation and mechanism of the aromatase activity in the GCs, as well as the specific regulation of aromatase promoters. In GCs, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is dependent on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway to regulate the aromatase activity, and the regulation of this enzyme is related to the activation of signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In addition, endocrine-disrupting substance and other related factors affect the expression of aromatase, which eventually create an imbalance in the estrogen secretion by the target tissues. The present review highlights these useful factors as potential inhibitors for target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Huang
- First Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Luo Y, Cui C, Han X, Wang Q, Zhang C. The role of miRNAs in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:289-304. [PMID: 33405004 PMCID: PMC7884539 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-02019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the key findings of several miRNAs and their roles in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance, characterize the disease pathogenesis, and establish a new theoretical basis for diagnosing, treating, and preventing polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS Relevant scientific literature was covered from 1992 to 2020 by searching the PubMed database with search terms: insulin/insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, microRNAs, and metabolic diseases. References of relevant studies were cross-checked. RESULTS The related miRNAs (including differentially expressed miRNAs) and their roles in pathogenesis, and possible therapeutic targets and pathways, are discussed, highlighting controversies and offering thoughts for future directions. CONCLUSION We found abundant evidence on the role of differentially expressed miRNAs with its related phenotypes in PCOS. Considering the essential role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of PCOS, the alterations of associated miRNAs need more research attention. We speculate that race/ethnicity or PCOS phenotype and differences in methodological differences might lead to inconsistencies in research findings; thus, several miRNA profiles need to be investigated further to qualify for the potential therapeutic targets for PCOS-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingliu Luo
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Cui
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive Bioengineering, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive Bioengineering, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuilian Zhang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Ekizceli G, Inan S, Oktem G, Onur E, Ozbilgin K. Immunohistochemical determination of mTOR pathway molecules in ovaries and uterus in rat estrous cycle stages. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1337-1351. [PMID: 32940340 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
mTOR is a member of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway that participates in cell growth, proliferation, protein synthesis, transcription, angiogenesis, apoptosis and autophagy. mTOR and MAPK pahways are two important key signal pathways which are related to each other. We investigated the role of mTOR and other signaling molecules in rat ovaries and uteruses in stages of the estrous cycle. Young adult female rats were divided into four groups as proestrous, estrous, metestrous and diestrous according to vaginal smears. Immunohistochemical staining of mTORC1, IGF1, PI3K, pAKT1/2/3, ERK1 and pERK1/2 was performed and pAKT1/2/3 and ERK1 were also analyzed using western blotting on ovarian and uterine tissue samples. According to our results, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK/pERK showed an increase in the rat ovulation period. When all the groups were evaluated the immunoreactivities for all of the antibodies were detected in the oocytes, granulosa and theca cells, corpus luteum and stroma of ovary and lamina propria, surface and glandular epithelium of uterus with the strongest observed with anti-ERK1 antibody and then with a decreasing trend with anti-mTORC1, anti-pAkt1/2/3, anti-IGF1, anti-PI3K and anti-pERK1/2 antibodies in the proestrus and estrus stages. Differently from other parts of the ovary, highest antibody expression in the corpus luteum was observed in the metestrous stage. Moreover, the existence of pAKT1/2/3 and ERK1 proteins was confirmed with the Western blotting technique. We suggest that mTOR and mTOR-related ERK signaling molecules may participate in the rat ovulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Ekizceli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sevinc Inan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Izmir Economy University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gulperi Oktem
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ece Onur
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ozbilgin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
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Shi S, Zhou X, Li J, Zhang L, Hu Y, Li Y, Yang G, Chu G. MiR-214-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits estradiol synthesis in porcine granulosa cells. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:94. [PMID: 32944234 PMCID: PMC7488653 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Granulosa cells (GCs) proliferation and estradiol synthesis significantly affect follicular development. The miR-214-3p expression in the ovarian tissues of high-yielding sows is higher than that in low-yielding sows, indicating that miR-214-3p may be involved in sow fertility. However, the functions and mechanisms of miR-214-3p on GCs are unclear. This study focuses on miR-214-3p in terms of the effects on GCs proliferation and estradiol synthesis. Results Our findings revealed that miR-214-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits estradiol synthesis in porcine GCs. MiR-214-3p can increase the percentage of S-phase cells, the number of EdU labeled positive cells, and cell viability. However, E2 concentration was reduced after miR-214-3p agomir treatment. We also found that miR-214-3p up-regulates the expression of cell cycle genes including cell cycle protein B (Cyclin B), cell cycle protein D (Cyclin D), cell cycle protein E (Cyclin E), and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) at the transcription and translation levels, but down-regulates the mRNA and protein levels of cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) (i.e., the key enzymes in estradiol synthesis). On-line prediction, bioinformatics analysis, a luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot results showed that the target genes of miR-214-3p in proliferation and estradiol synthesis are Mfn2 and NR5A1, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest that miR-214-3p plays an important role in the functional regulation of porcine GCs and therefore may be a target gene for regulating follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Lutong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yamei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yankun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
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Cardilli DJ, Sousa-Oliveira K, Franchi-João C, Azevedo-Voorwald F, Machado-Silva MA, Oliveira JA, Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, Toniollo GH, Pérez-Gutiérrez JF. "Immunolocalization and effect of low concentrations of Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the canine ovary". Vet Med Sci 2020; 7:46-56. [PMID: 32894655 PMCID: PMC7840201 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) plays an important role in the regulation of ovarian function. Despite its extensive study in several species, there is a paucity of information about IGF‐1`s function and localization in the canine ovary. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of IGF‐1 on oocyte nuclear maturation and to immunolocalize the IGF‐1 and its receptor (IGF‐1R) in the ovary. Cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained from 34 bitches. The COCs from each bitch were incubated in TCM 199‐HEPES in the absence (n = 199) or presence (n = 204) of 100 ng/ml IGF‐1 for 96 hr at 38ºC in 5% CO2, stained and evaluated for nuclear maturation by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that the addition of IGF‐1 did not have an effect (p ˃ 0.05) on the nuclear maturation under these conditions. The immunohistochemical study revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic staining for IGF‐1 and IGF‐1R, respectively. Both were localized in all ovarian structures including the corpus luteum, but not in the granulosa cells from primordial follicles. In addition, IGF‐1 was not localized in the oocytes in tertiary follicles. The results obtained show the presence of IGF‐1 through the stages of follicular growth and in the corpus luteum of the canine ovary. However, its role on oocyte nuclear maturation could not be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo J Cardilli
- Departamento Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kellen Sousa-Oliveira
- Departamento de Zootecnia. Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - Carolina Franchi-João
- Instituto de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal-PA, Brazil
| | - Faviana Azevedo-Voorwald
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrârias e Veterinârias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Marco A Machado-Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - João Ademir Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Faculdade de CiênciasAgrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - María Jesús Sánchez-Calabuig
- Departamento Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gilson H Toniollo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de CiênciasAgrárias e Veterinárias da, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - José F Pérez-Gutiérrez
- Departamento Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Ding H, Zhao J, Liu H, Wang J, Lu W. BMAL1 knockdown promoted apoptosis and reduced testosterone secretion in TM3 Leydig cell line. Gene 2020; 747:144672. [PMID: 32305634 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) is a clock gene that plays an important role in hormone secretion and apoptosis, but its effect on Leydig cells is unidentified. Here the role of BMAL1 in apoptosis and testosterone secretion in TM3 Leydig cell line were investigated by inhibiting its expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Results showed that BMAL1 knockdown promoted the apoptosis of Leydig cells and expression of (BCL2 associated X) BAX mRNA and protein, and reduced the expression of (B-cell lymphoma-2) BCL-2 mRNA and protein. BMAL1 inhibition resulted in decreased testosterone secretion and reduced expression of key genes during hormone synthesis, specifically steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). In addition, BMAL1 knockdown reduced the expression of phosphorylated p85 and AKT as confirmed by western blot. In conclusion, BMAL1 may affect testosterone secretion and apoptosis in mouse Leydig cells through regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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38
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Hu J, Jin J, Qu Y, Liu W, Ma Z, Zhang J, Chen F. ERO1α inhibits cell apoptosis and regulates steroidogenesis in mouse granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 511:110842. [PMID: 32376276 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ER oxidoreduclin 1α (ERO1α), an oxidase that exists in the ER, participates in protein folding and secretion and inhibiting apoptosis, and regulates tumor progression, which is a novel factor of poor cancer prognosis. However, the other physiological functions of ERO1α remain undiscovered. Although our preliminary results of this study indicated that ERO1α revealed the robust expression in ovary, especially in granulosa cells, the role of ERO1α in follicular development is not well known. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to explore the role of ERO1α and the possible mechanisms in regulating cell apoptosis and steroidogenesis in ovarian granulosa cells. ERO1α was mainly localized in granulosa cells and oocytes in the adult ovary by immunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of ERO1α was highest at oestrous stage during the estrous cycle. The effect of ERO1α on cell apoptosis and steroidogenesis was detected by transduction of ERO1α overexpression and knockdown lentiviruses into primary cultured granulosa cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ERO1α decreased granulosa cells apoptosis. Western bolt and RT-qPCR analysis found that ERO1α increased the ratio of BCL-2/BAX, and decreased BAD and Caspase-3 expression. ELISA analysis showed that ERO1α enhanced estrogen (E2) secretion. Western bolt and RT-qPCR analysis found that ERO1α increased StAR, CYP11A1, 3β-HSD, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 expression, and decreased CYP1B1 expression. Furthermore, Western bolt analysis found that ERO1αincreased PDI and PRDX 4 expression, and activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway through increasing the phosphorylation of AKT and P70 S6 kinase. In summary, these results suggested that ERO1α might play an anti-apoptotic role and regulate steroidogenesis in granulosa cells, at least partly, via activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxing Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanyang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyu Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenglei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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39
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Baddela VS, Sharma A, Vanselow J. Non-esterified fatty acids in the ovary: friends or foes? Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:60. [PMID: 32505200 PMCID: PMC7275390 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of common metabolic diseases can result in excessive lipolysis, leading to elevated levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in the body fluids. In females, increased NEFA levels in the follicular fluid markedly alter the functions of intrafollicular cells such as granulosa cells (GCs) and oocytes. Therefore, elevated levels of NEFAs have been suggested to be a significant player of subfertility in females of both human and economically important animal species such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, pig, chicken, and dog. However, the effects imposed by saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (SFAs and UFAs) on ovarian follicles are controversial. The present review emphasizes that SFAs induce apoptosis in granulosa and cumulus cells of ovarian follicles in different species. They further could adversely affect oocyte maturation and developmental competence. Many types of UFAs affect steroidogenesis and proliferation processes and could be detrimental for follicular cells, especially when at elevated concentrations. Interestingly, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) appear to contribute to the etiology of the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) as they were found to induce the transcription and translation of the androgenic transcription factor SOX9 while downregulating its estrogenic counterpart FOXL2 in GCs. Overall, this review presents our revised understanding of the effects of different fatty acids on the female reproductive success, which may allow other researchers and clinicians to investigate the mechanisms for treating metabolic stress-induced female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Simha Baddela
- grid.418188.c0000 0000 9049 5051Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Arpna Sharma
- grid.418188.c0000 0000 9049 5051Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- grid.418188.c0000 0000 9049 5051Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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40
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Javvaji PK, Dhali A, Francis JR, Kolte AP, Roy SC, Selvaraju S, Mech A, Sejian V. IGF-1 treatment during in vitro maturation improves developmental potential of ovine oocytes through the regulation of PI3K/Akt and apoptosis signaling. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 32:798-805. [PMID: 32293977 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1752703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effect of the insulin-like grow factor 1 (IGF-1) treatment during in vitro maturation on the gene expression and developmental ability of ovine oocytes. Ovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were matured in vitro without (control) or with the supplementation of IGF-1 (100 ng/ml) and then subjected to in vitro fertilization and culture. The rate of oocyte maturation and embryo development was recorded and expression of the selected genes (involved in the PI3K/Akt and apoptosis signaling) was assessed in the matured oocytes. The IGF-1 treatment significantly (p < .05) improved the oocyte maturation rate (%) as compared to the control (81.5 ± 2.40 vs. 73.6 ± 0.94). Similarly, as compared to the control, the IGF-1 treatment significantly (p < .05) improved the rate (%) of cleavage (54.7 ± 1.58 vs. 67.2 ± 3.65) and the formation of 4-8 cell embryos (30.7 ± 2.89 vs. 44.1 ± 4.01) and morula (20.7 ± 2.08 vs. 32.8 ± 2.78). The IGF-1 treatment significantly (p < .05) upregulated the expression of IGF1R, PI3KR1, AKT1 and BCL2 and downregulated the expression of GSK3β, FOXO3 and CASP9 in the matured oocytes. In conclusion, the IGF-1 treatment significantly improved the developmental competence of ovine oocytes through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt and apoptosis signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Krishna Javvaji
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India.,Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Jain University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arindam Dhali
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Joseph Rabinson Francis
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India.,Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Jain University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Atul P Kolte
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sudhir C Roy
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sellappan Selvaraju
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anjumoni Mech
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Veerasamy Sejian
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
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41
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Xiao Y. MiR-486-5p inhibits the hyperproliferation and production of collagen in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts via IGF1/PI3K/AKT pathway. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 32:973-982. [PMID: 32079424 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1728210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study explored the function and mechanism of miR-486-5p in HSFBs.Methods: Qualitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of miR-486-5p in HS and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFBs). Viability, migration, invasion ability, apoptosis, and expressions of Collagen I, Collagen III, α-SMA and Cleaved caspase-3 in HSFBs after transfection with miR-486-5p mimic or inhibitor were measured by CCK-8, wound-healing, transwell, and Western blot, respectively. Interaction between miR-486-5p and IGF1 was predicted by Targetscan version 7.2 and further confirmed by dual-luciferase assay, and functional rescue experiments were conducted to verify the predicted molecular mechanism. The activation of PI3K/AKT pathway was also analyzed by Western blot.Results: MiR-486-5p was low-expressed in HS and HSFBs, and that overexpression of miR-486-5p suppressed the viability, migration, invasion, and expressions of Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA of HSFBs, meanwhile, it also promoted apoptosis and Cleaved caspase-3 expression in HSFBs. Moreover, IGF1 was targeted by miR-486-5p, and increased viability, migration, invasion, and collagens expressions, the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway, and decreased apoptosis and Cleaved caspase-3 induced by miR-486-5p inhibitor could be partly alleviated by siIGF1.Conclusions: Overexpressed miR-486-5p inhibited the hyperproliferation and excessive production of collagen in HSFBs via IGF1/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Xiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
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42
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Yang L, Lv Q, Liu J, Qi S, Fu D. miR-431 regulates granulosa cell function through the IRS2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Reprod Dev 2020; 66:231-239. [PMID: 32051352 PMCID: PMC7297634 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2019-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the functions of granulosa cells by interacting with their target mRNAs. Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) is one of the
targets of miR-431 and can be regulated by ovarian hormones. However, the role of miR-431 and the associated signal transduction pathway in ovarian development has not
been studied previously. In this study, we first analyzed the expression of miR-431 and IRS2 following stimulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) during the
estrous cycle or different stages of ovarian development in mice. Subsequently, we investigated the role, function, and signaling pathway of miR-431 in the human
granulosa cell line, COV434. The results showed that follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) gradually decreased miR-431 levels, induced IRS2, and promoted pAKT expression.
Moreover, miR-431 overexpression and IRS2 knockdown attenuated AKT activation, inhibited cell proliferation, and decreased estradiol (E2) and progesterone
(P4) synthesis. Further, luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that IRS2 was a direct target of miR-431. In conclusion, this study
demonstrated that miR-431 regulates granulosa cell function through the IRS2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi 332000, PR China.,College of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi 332000, PR China
| | - Qizhuang Lv
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Guangxi 537000, PR China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi 332000, PR China.,College of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi 332000, PR China
| | - Shikai Qi
- College of Electric Engineering, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, PR China
| | - Denggang Fu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi 332000, PR China.,College of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiangxi 332000, PR China
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43
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Sekulovski N, Whorton AE, Shi M, Hayashi K, MacLean JA. Periovulatory insulin signaling is essential for ovulation, granulosa cell differentiation, and female fertility. FASEB J 2020; 34:2376-2391. [PMID: 31908002 PMCID: PMC7781071 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901791r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated an essential role for insulin signaling in folliculogenesis as conditional ablation of Igf1r in primary follicles elicits defective follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness blocking development at the preantral stage. Thus the potential role of insulin action in the periovulatory window and in the corpus luteum is unknown. To examine this, we generated conditional Insr,Igf1r, and double receptor knockout mice driven by Pgr-Cre. These models escape the preantral follicle block and in response to superovulatory gonadotropins exhibit normal distribution of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea. However, single ablation of Igf1r leads to subfertility and mice lacking both receptors are infertile. Double knockout mice have impaired oocyte development and ovulation. While some oocytes are released and fertilized, subsequent embryo development is retarded, and the embryos potentially fail to thrive due to lack of luteal support. In support of this, we found reduced expression of key enzymes in the steroid synthesis pathway and reduced serum progesterone. In addition to metabolic and steroidogenic pathways, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed transcription factor-3 as an important transcription factor downstream of insulin signaling. Collectively, these results highlight the importance of growth factors of the insulin family during two distinct windows of follicular development, ovulation, and luteinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Sekulovski
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Life Science III, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Allison E Whorton
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Life Science III, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Mingxin Shi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Life Science III, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Life Science III, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - James A MacLean
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Life Science III, Carbondale, IL, USA
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44
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Morrell BC, Zhang L, Schütz LF, Perego MC, Maylem ERS, Spicer LJ. Regulation of the transcription factor E2F8 gene expression in bovine ovarian cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 498:110572. [PMID: 31493442 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the transcription factor, E2F8, has been associated with ovarian cancer. Objectives of this study were to determine: 1) if E2F8 gene expression in granulosa cells (GC) and theca cells (TC) change with follicular development, and 2) if E2F8 mRNA abundance in TC and GC is hormonally regulated. Using real-time PCR, E2F8 mRNA abundance in GC and TC was greater (P < 0.05) in small than large follicles. FGF9 induced an increase (P < 0.05) in E2F8 mRNA abundance by 1.6- to 7-fold in large-follicle (8-20 mm) TC and GC as well as in small-follicle (1-5 mm) GC. Abundance of E2F8 mRNA in TC was increased (P < 0.05) with FGF2, FGF9 or VEGFA treatments alone in vitro, and concomitant treatment of VEGFA with FGF9 increased (P < 0.05) abundance of E2F8 mRNA above any of the singular treatments; BMP4, WNT3A and LH were without effect. IGF1 amplified the stimulatory effect of FGF9 on E2F8 mRNA abundance by 2.7-fold. Collectively, our studies show for the first time that follicular E2F8 is developmentally and hormonally regulated indicating that E2F8 may be involved in follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne C Morrell
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Lingna Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Luis F Schütz
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - M Chiara Perego
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Excel Rio S Maylem
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Leon J Spicer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Plewes MR, Hou X, Zhang P, Liang A, Hua G, Wood JR, Cupp AS, Lv X, Wang C, Davis JS. Yes-associated protein 1 is required for proliferation and function of bovine granulosa cells in vitro†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:1001-1017. [PMID: 31350850 PMCID: PMC6877782 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a major component of the Hippo signaling pathway. Although the exact extracellular signals that control the Hippo pathway are currently unknown, increasing evidence supports a critical role for the Hippo pathway in embryonic development, regulation of organ size, and carcinogenesis. Granulosa cells (GCs) within the ovarian follicle proliferate and produce steroids and growth factors, which facilitate the growth of follicle and maturation of the oocyte. We hypothesize that YAP1 plays a role in proliferation and estrogen secretion of GCs. In the current study, we examined the expression of the Hippo signaling pathway in bovine ovaries and determined whether it was important for GC proliferation and estrogen production. Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1) and large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) were identified as prominent upstream components of the Hippo pathway expressed in granulosa and theca cells of the follicle and large and small cells of the corpus luteum. Immunohistochemistry revealed that YAP1 was localized to the nucleus of growing follicles. In vitro, nuclear localization of the downstream Hippo signaling effector proteins YAP1 and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) was inversely correlated with GC density, with greater nuclear localization under conditions of low cell density. Treatment with verteporfin and siRNA targeting YAP1 or TAZ revealed a critical role for these transcriptional co-activators in GC proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of YAP1 in GCs inhibited follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced estradiol biosynthesis. The data indicate that Hippo pathway transcription co-activators YAP1/TAZ play an important role in GC proliferation and estradiol synthesis, two processes necessary for maintaining normal follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele R Plewes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Aixin Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
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Bezerra MÉS, Barberino RS, Menezes VG, Gouveia BB, Macedo TJS, Santos JMS, Monte APO, Barros VRP, Matos MHT. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) promotes primordial follicle growth and reduces DNA fragmentation through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signalling pathway. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1503-1513. [PMID: 29843892 DOI: 10.1071/rd17332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the morphology and follicular activation of ovine preantral follicles cultured in situ and whether the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway is involved in IGF-1 action in the sheep ovary. Ovine ovarian fragments were fixed for histological and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) analyses (fresh control) or cultured in supplemented alpha-minimum essential medium (α-MEM+; control) or α-MEM+ with IGF-1 (1, 10, 50, 100 or 200ngmL-1) for 7 days. Follicles were classified as normal or atretic, primordial or growing and the oocyte and follicle diameters were measured. DNA fragmentation was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry was performed on the fresh control, α-MEM+ and 100ngmL-1 IGF-1 samples. Inhibition of PI3K activity was performed through pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) expression was analysed after culture in the absence or presence of LY294002. IGF-1 at 100ngmL-1 increased (P<0.05) follicular activation compared with α-MEM+ and decreased TUNEL-positive cells (P<0.05) compared with other treatments. PCNA-positive cells also increased (P<0.05) in 100ngmL-1 IGF-1. LY294002 significantly inhibited follicular activation stimulated by α-MEM+ and 100ngmL-1 IGF-1 and reduced pAKT expression in follicles. Overall, IGF-1 at 100ngmL-1 promoted primordial follicle activation, cell proliferation and reduced DNA fragmentation after in situ culture through the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria É S Bezerra
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Ricássio S Barberino
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Vanúzia G Menezes
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Bruna B Gouveia
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Taís J S Macedo
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Jamile M S Santos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Alane P O Monte
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R P Barros
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria H T Matos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto C1, CEP: 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
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Chan KA, Jazwiec PA, Gohir W, Petrik JJ, Sloboda DM. Maternal nutrient restriction impairs young adult offspring ovarian signaling resulting in reproductive dysfunction and follicle loss. Biol Reprod 2019; 98:664-682. [PMID: 29351580 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive abnormalities are included as health complications in offspring exposed to poor prenatal nutrition. We have previously shown in a rodent model that offspring born to nutrient restriction during pregnancy are born small, enter puberty early, and display characteristics of early ovarian aging as adults. The present study investigated whether key proteins involved in follicle recruitment and growth mediate ovarian follicle loss. Pregnant rats were randomized to a standard diet throughout pregnancy and lactation (CON), or a calorie-restricted (50% of control) diet (UN) during pregnancy. Offspring reproductive phenotype was investigated at postnatal days 4, 27, and 65. Maternal UN resulted in young adult (P65) irregular estrous cyclicity due to persistent estrus, a significant loss of antral follicles, corpora lutea, and an increase in atretic follicles. This decrease in growing follicles in UN offspring appears to be due to increased apoptosis as seen by immunopositive staining of pro-apoptotic factor CASP3 (caspase 3) in ovaries of young adult offspring. UN prepubertal offspring had reduced expression levels of Fshr in antral follicles, which may contribute to a decrease in PI3K/AKT activation evident as a decrease in pAKT immunolocalization in prepubertal antral follicles. Moreover, neonatal ovaries of UN offspring show decreased levels of immunopositive staining for AMHR2 (anti-mullerian hormone receptor 2). Collectively, these data demonstrate that maternal UN during pregnancy impacts ovarian function in offspring as early as P65 and provides a model for understanding the mechanisms driving early life UN-induced follicle loss and reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn A Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrycja A Jazwiec
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wajiha Gohir
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jim J Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah M Sloboda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,The Farncombe Family Digestive Diseases Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Dahiya S, Onteru SK, Singh D. Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase attenuates endotoxin-mediated tolerance in granulosa cells through kynurenine pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11931-11940. [PMID: 30983018 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) have been shown to have innate immune capabilities, which modulate their native endocrine functions through toll-like receptors (TLRs). We have recently shown that GCs exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1.0 µg/mL) transiently regulate proinflammatory cytokine expression (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α) through chromatin remodeling. In the present study, we have demonstrated that GCs become tolerant to LPS on repeated exposure of LPS. To understand the mechanism of this endotoxin tolerance (ET) phenomenon in buffalo GCs, we have further studied the genome-wide transcriptomic analyses in buffalo GCs (unpublished data) and identified indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) gene, known to be involved in tryptophan catabolism, was found to be highly upregulated in endotoxin-tolerant GCs. Real-time gene expression analyses also showed similar results. Further analyses of tryptophan and tryptophan metabolite, kynurenine, showed that tryptophan was found to be depleted with the accumulation of kynurenine in the endotoxin-tolerant GCs. The effect of IDO1 induced ET was reversed when cells were pretreated with IDO1 inhibitor (1-methyl tryptophan, 1 mM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the role of IDO1 gene in ET in GCs mimicked by repeated endotoxin exposure in vitro. In summary, the present study convincingly demonstrated that the tryptophan catabolism, through the kynurenine pathway, plays a crucial role as an immunomodulatory mechanism of ET in GCs. The finding could be exploited in developing potential therapeutics to treat impaired GCs function due to the ET underlying prolonged uterine or systemic infection leads to accumulation of endotoxin in follicular fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Dahiya
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics, and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Suneel Kumar Onteru
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics, and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Dheer Singh
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics, and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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49
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Monte A, Barros V, Santos J, Menezes V, Cavalcante A, Gouveia B, Bezerra M, Macedo T, Matos M. Immunohistochemical localization of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the sheep ovary and the synergistic effect of IGF-1 and FSH on follicular development in vitro and LH receptor immunostaining. Theriogenology 2019; 129:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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50
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Zhang C, Liu J, Lai M, Li J, Zhan J, Wen Q, Ma H. Circular RNA expression profiling of granulosa cells in women of reproductive age with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:431-440. [PMID: 30937532 PMCID: PMC6592967 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the expression profiles of circRNA in granulosa cells of women of reproductive age with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Total RNA was isolated from granulosa cells of 15 women with PCOS and 15 body mass index- and age-matched healthy women (control). RNA sequencing was conducted on ribosomal-depleted RNA for circRNA expression profiling. The differential expression of circRNA between women with PCOS and controls was compared and visualized using hierarchical clustering heat maps and Volcano plots. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed to determine the role of the differential expression of circRNAs. The expression rates of circRNAs were confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) using divergent primers. Results A total of 4258 and 7395 candidate circRNAs were predicted in PCOS and controls, respectively, based on the RNA-sequencing data. Differences were noted in the expression patterns of circRNA between the two groups. Analysis of the expression profiles revealed that four circRNAs were upregulated, whereas 23 were downregulated in the women with PCOS. GO analysis suggested that the 27 differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly distributed in biological process pathways, particularly in pathways involving inflammation, proliferation, and the vascular endothelial growth factor-related signaling pathway. Six circRNAs were identified in PCOS-affected women using divergent primers. qRT-PCR confirmed that hsa_circ_0001577 was significantly upregulated and hsa_circ_0020093 was downregulated in the women with PCOS. Conclusions Several circRNAs were differentially expressed in women of reproductive age with PCOS, suggesting the involvement of these circRNAs in the development of PCOS and the potential clinical implications of their use as PCOS biomarkers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00404-019-05129-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunren Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianqiao Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Maohua Lai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahui Zhan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Qidan Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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