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Wang J, Suo J, Yang R, Zhang CL, Li X, Han Z, Zhou W, Liu S, Gao Q. Genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature of sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin. Front Genet 2023; 14:1281601. [PMID: 38028584 PMCID: PMC10666172 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1281601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Local sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin can adapt to dry and low-rainfall regional environments. In this study, three local sheep breeds in the northeastern Tarim Basin, LOP (LOP) sheep, Bayinbuluke (BYK) sheep, and Kunlun (KUN, also known as the Qiemo sheep) sheep, and three introduced sheep breeds, Suffolk (SUF) sheep, Dorset (APD) sheep, and Texel (TEX) sheep, were analyzed for genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature using the Illumina OvineSNP50K BeadChip. We found that LOP, BYK, and KUN had lower observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity than TEX, SUF, and ADP, which were differentiated based on geographic distribution. We performed fixation index (FST) analysis on three local sheep breeds in the northeastern Tarim Basin (LOP, BYK, and KUN) and introduced sheep breeds (TEX, SUF, and ADP) to measure genetic differentiation. Nucleotide diversity (PI) analysis was performed on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of LOP, BYK, and KUN. A total of 493 candidate genes were obtained by taking the intersection at a threshold of 5%. Among them, SMAD2, ESR2, and HAS2 were related to reproductive traits. PCDH15, TLE4, and TFAP2B were related to growth traits. SOD1, TSHR, and DNAJB5 were related to desert environmental adaptation. Analyzing the genetic patterns of local sheep in the northeastern Tarim Basin can protect the germplasm resources of local sheep and promote the development and utilization of sheep genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and The Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Jiajia Suo
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and The Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruizhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and The Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cheng-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Zhipeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Shudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and The Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar, China
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Network Pharmacology-Based Prediction and Verification of the Potential Mechanisms of He's Yangchao Formula against Diminished Ovarian Reserve. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8361808. [PMID: 35707481 PMCID: PMC9192314 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8361808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background He's Yangchao formula (HSYC) has been clinically proven to be effective in treating diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of HSYC in DOR are unclear. Objective This study aims to predict the underlying mechanisms of He's Yangchao formula (HSYC) against DOR through network pharmacology strategies and verify in vivo. Methods Systematic network pharmacology was used to speculate the bioactive components, potential targets, and the underlying mechanism of HSYC in the treatment of DOR. Then, the CTX-induced DOR mouse model was established to verify the effect of HSYC against DOR and the possible molecular mechanisms as predicted in the network pharmacology approach. Results A total of 44 active components and 423 potential targets were obtained in HSYC. In addition, 91 targets of DOR were also screened. The identified hub genes were AKT1, ESR1, IL6, and P53. Further molecular docking showed that the four hub targets were well-bound with their corresponding compounds. In vivo experiments showed that HSYC could promote the recovery of the estrous cycle and increase the number of primordial, growing follicles and corpora lutea. Besides, The results of qRT-PCR showed HSYC could regulate the expression of AKT1, ESR1, P53, and IL6 in DOR mice. Conclusion It was demonstrated that HSYC could increase ovarian reserves, and AKT1, ESR1, IL6, and P53 may play an essential role in this effect, which provided a new reference for the current lack of active interventions of DOR.
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Lee EB, Chakravarthi VP, Wolfe MW, Rumi MAK. ERβ Regulation of Gonadotropin Responses during Folliculogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910348. [PMID: 34638689 PMCID: PMC8508937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropins are essential for regulating ovarian development, steroidogenesis, and gametogenesis. While follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes the development of ovarian follicles, luteinizing hormone (LH) regulates preovulatory maturation of oocytes, ovulation, and formation of corpus luteum. Cognate receptors of FSH and LH are G-protein coupled receptors that predominantly signal through cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent mechanisms that activate protein kinases. Subsequent vital steps in response to gonadotropins are mediated through activation or inhibition of transcription factors required for follicular gene expression. Estrogen receptors, classical ligand-activated transcriptional regulators, play crucial roles in regulating gonadotropin secretion from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis as well as gonadotropin function in the target organs. In this review, we discuss the role of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) regulating gonadotropin response during folliculogenesis. Ovarian follicles in Erβ knockout (ErβKO) mutant female mice and rats cannot develop beyond the antral state, lack oocyte maturation, and fail to ovulate. Theca cells (TCs) in ovarian follicles express LH receptor, whereas granulosa cells (GCs) express both FSH receptor (FSHR) and LH receptor (LHCGR). As oocytes do not express the gonadotropin receptors, the somatic cells play a crucial role during gonadotropin induced oocyte maturation. Somatic cells also express high levels of estrogen receptors; while TCs express ERα and are involved in steroidogenesis, GCs express ERβ and are involved in both steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. GCs are the primary site of ERβ-regulated gene expression. We observed that a subset of gonadotropin-induced genes in GCs, which are essential for ovarian follicle development, oocyte maturation and ovulation, are dependent on ERβ. Thus, ERβ plays a vital role in regulating the gonadotropin responses in ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun B. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.B.L.); (V.P.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - V. Praveen Chakravarthi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.B.L.); (V.P.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Michael W. Wolfe
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - M. A. Karim Rumi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.B.L.); (V.P.C.)
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-913-588-8059
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4
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Pan X, Li Q, Chen D, Gong W, Li N, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Chen Y, Yuan X. Alternative Splicing Dynamics of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary Axis During Pubertal Transition in Gilts. Front Genet 2021; 12:592669. [PMID: 33995469 PMCID: PMC8120244 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.592669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing of puberty in mammals marks the point at which reproduction becomes possible. Abnormalities in the timing of puberty may exert a series of negative effects on subsequent health outcomes. Alternative splicing (AS) has not only emerged as a significant factor in the transcription of genes but it is also reported to play a role in the timing of puberty. However, to date, the changes and dynamics of AS during the onset of puberty is extremely seldom explored. In the present study, we used gilts as a research model to investigated the dynamics of AS and differentially expressed AS (DEAS) events within the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis across pre-, in-, and post-puberty. We detected 3,390, 6,098, and 9,085 DEAS events in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary when compared across pre-, in-, and post-pubertal stages, respectively. Within the entire HPO axis, we also identified 22,889, 22,857, and 21,055 DEAS events in the pre-, in-, and post-pubertal stages, respectively. Further analysis revealed that the differentially spliced genes (DSGs) associated with staged DEAS events were likely to be enriched in the oxytocin signaling pathway, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and oocyte meiosis signaling pathway. The DSGs associated with DEAS events across the entire HPO axis were enriched in endocytosis signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Moreover. the ASs of TAC1, TACR3, CYP19A1, ESR1, ESRRA, and FSHR were likely to regulate the functions of the certain HPO tissues during the onset of puberty. Collectively, the AS dynamics and DEAS events were comprehensively profiled in hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary across the pre-, in-, and post-pubertal stages in pigs. These findings may enhance our knowledge of how puberty is regulated by AS and shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the timing of puberty in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danxia Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
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Mann SN, Hadad N, Nelson Holte M, Rothman AR, Sathiaseelan R, Ali Mondal S, Agbaga MP, Unnikrishnan A, Subramaniam M, Hawse J, Huffman DM, Freeman WM, Stout MB. Health benefits attributed to 17α-estradiol, a lifespan-extending compound, are mediated through estrogen receptor α. eLife 2020; 9:59616. [PMID: 33289482 PMCID: PMC7744101 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction underlies several chronic diseases, many of which are exacerbated by obesity. Dietary interventions can reverse metabolic declines and slow aging, although compliance issues remain paramount. 17α-estradiol treatment improves metabolic parameters and slows aging in male mice. The mechanisms by which 17α-estradiol elicits these benefits remain unresolved. Herein, we show that 17α-estradiol elicits similar genomic binding and transcriptional activation through estrogen receptor α (ERα) to that of 17β-estradiol. In addition, we show that the ablation of ERα completely attenuates the beneficial metabolic effects of 17α-E2 in male mice. Our findings suggest that 17α-E2 may act through the liver and hypothalamus to improve metabolic parameters in male mice. Lastly, we also determined that 17α-E2 improves metabolic parameters in male rats, thereby proving that the beneficial effects of 17α-E2 are not limited to mice. Collectively, these studies suggest ERα may be a drug target for mitigating chronic diseases in male mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani N Mann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Niran Hadad
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, United States
| | - Molly Nelson Holte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Alicia R Rothman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Roshini Sathiaseelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Samim Ali Mondal
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Martin-Paul Agbaga
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Archana Unnikrishnan
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | | | - John Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States.,Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Michael B Stout
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
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Kumar M, Salem K, Jeffery JJ, Yan Y, Mahajan AM, Fowler AM. Longitudinal Molecular Imaging of Progesterone Receptor Reveals Early Differential Response to Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer with an Activating ESR1 Mutation. J Nucl Med 2020; 62:500-506. [PMID: 32859700 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.249508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in the estrogen receptor (ER) α-gene (ESR1) result in constitutive transcriptional activity in the absence of estrogen and are associated with endocrine resistance in metastatic ER-positive (+) breast cancer. It is not known how activating ESR1 mutations may alter the predictive values of molecular imaging agents for endocrine therapy response. This study investigated the effect of an activating ESR1 mutation on pretreatment 18F-fluoroestradiol (18F-FES) uptake and early assessment of endocrine therapy response using 18F-FDG and 18F-fluorofuranylnorprogesterone (18F-FFNP) PET/CT imaging of tumor glucose metabolism and progesterone receptor (PR) expression, respectively. Methods: ER+, PR+ T47D breast cancer cells expressing wild-type (WT) ER or an activating ESR1 mutation, Y537S-ER, were used to generate tumor xenografts in ovariectomized female immunodeficient mice supplemented with 17β-estradiol. Tumor growth curves were determined in the presence or absence of estrogen and for ethanol vehicle control or fulvestrant treatment, a selective ER degrader. Pretreatment 18F-FES uptake was compared between Y537S-ER and WT-ER tumors. Longitudinal PET/CT imaging with 18F-FFNP and 18F-FDG was performed before and 7-9 d after the start of endocrine therapy with fulvestrant. Radiopharmaceutical uptake in Y537S-ER and WT-ER tumors was compared between baseline and follow-up scans. Statistical significance was determined using paired t testing for longitudinal imaging and 2-way ANOVA for the 18F-FFNP tissue biodistribution assay. Results: Y537S-ER xenografts showed estrogen-independent growth, whereas WT-ER tumors grew only with estrogen. Fulvestrant treatment for 28 d significantly reduced tumor volumes for WT-ER but only stabilized volumes for Y537S-ER. Baseline 18F-FES uptake did not significantly differ between WT-ER and Y537S-ER tumors. Fulvestrant treatment induced a similar early metabolic response for both WT-ER and Y537S-ER tumors. 18F-FFNP uptake in WT-ER tumors was significantly reduced after 7 d of fulvestrant treatment; however, this reduction did not occur in Y537S-ER tumors, which showed no significant change between baseline and follow-up PET/CT. Conclusion: Molecular imaging of PR expression dynamics could be a noninvasive approach for early identification of reduced effectiveness of endocrine therapy resulting from activating ESR1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kelley Salem
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Justin J Jeffery
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Yongjun Yan
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Aparna M Mahajan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Amy M Fowler
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin .,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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7
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Li R, Wu SP, Zhou L, Nicol B, Lydon JP, Yao HHC, DeMayo FJ. Increased FOXL2 expression alters uterine structures and functions†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:951-965. [PMID: 32948877 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) regulates sex differentiation and reproductive function. Elevated levels of this transcription factor have been observed in the diseases of the uterus, such as endometriosis. However, the impact of elevated FOXL2 expression on uterine physiology remains unknown. In order to determine the consequences of altered FOXL2 in the female reproductive axis, we generated mice with over-expression of FOXL2 (FOXL2OE) by crossing Foxl2LsL/+ with the Progesterone receptor Pgrcre model. FOXL2OE uterus showed severe morphological abnormality including abnormal epithelial stratification, blunted adenogenesis, increased endometrial fibrosis, and disrupted myometrial morphology. In contrast, increasing FOXL2 levels specifically in uterine epithelium by crossing the Foxl2LsL/+ with the lactoferrin Ltficre mice resulted in the eFOXL2OE mice with uterine epithelial stratification but without defects in endometrial fibrosis and adenogenesis, demonstrating a role of the endometrial stroma in the uterine abnormalities of the FOXL2OE mice. Transcriptomic analysis of 12 weeks old Pgrcre and FOXL2OE uterus at diestrus stage showed multiple signaling pathways related with cellular matrix, wnt/β-catenin, and altered cell cycle. Furthermore, we found FOXL2OE mice were sterile. The infertility was caused in part by a disruption of the hypophyseal ovarian axis resulting in an anovulatory phenotype. The FOXL2OE mice failed to show decidual responses during artificial decidualization in ovariectomized mice demonstrating the uterine contribution to the infertility phenotype. These data support that aberrantly increased FOXL2 expressions in the female reproductive tract can disrupt ovarian and uterine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Lecong Zhou
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Nicol
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Humphrey H-C Yao
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Proietto S, Yankelevich L, Villarreal FM, Inserra PIF, Charif SE, Schmidt AR, Cortasa SA, Corso MC, Di Giorgio NP, Lux-Lantos V, Vitullo AD, Halperin J, Dorfman VB. Pituitary estrogen receptor alpha is involved in luteinizing hormone pulsatility at mid-gestation in the South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus (Rodentia, Caviomorpha). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:40-51. [PMID: 29656043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus, is a caviomorph rodent native from Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. It shows peculiar reproductive features like pre-ovulatory follicle recruitment during pregnancy with an ovulatory process at around mid-gestation. We have described the activation of the hypothalamic - pituitary - ovarian (HPO) axis during pregnancy. A progressive decrease of progesterone (P4) at mid-pregnancy elicits the delivery of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with the consequent secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) followed by luteinizing hormone (LH) release resulting in follicular luteinization and the P4 concentration recover. Pituitary gland is the central regulator of the HPO axis being E2 a key hormone involved in the regulation of its activity. In this work we analyzed the action of E2 on the pituitary response to the GnRH wave as well as its involvement on LH secretion at mid-gestation in L. maximus. The expression of GnRHR at the pituitary pars distalis showed a significant decrease at mid-pregnancy compared to early- and term-gestating females. ERα showed a significant increment from mid-gestation whereas ERβ did not show variations throughout pregnancy; whereas the LH expression in the pituitary pars distalis showed a significant increase at mid-gestation, concordantly with serum LH, which was followed by a decrease at term-gestation with similar values than at early-pregnancy. The number of cells with co-localization of ERα and GnRHR showed a decline at mid-pregnancy related to early- and term-gestation, whereas the cells with co-localization of ERα and LH increased at mid- and term-pregnancy. On the other hand, ex vivo measuring of LH pulsatility showed a significant increment in the total mass of LH delivered at mid-pregnancy followed by a decrease at term-gestation. The stimulation of ERα with the PPT specific agonist induced a significant increment in the total mass of LH released, whereas no changes were determined when ERβ was stimulated with its specific agonist MPP. These results suggest that LH pulsatility rise at mid-pregnancy would be enabled by the increase of E2 acting through ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Proietto
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Lorena Yankelevich
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Martín Villarreal
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Ignacio Felipe Inserra
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Santiago Elías Charif
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Alejandro Raúl Schmidt
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Santiago Andrés Cortasa
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - María Clara Corso
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Noelia Paula Di Giorgio
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Lux-Lantos
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME)-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Daniel Vitullo
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Julia Halperin
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Verónica Berta Dorfman
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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9
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Effects of zearalenone and its derivatives on the synthesis and secretion of mammalian sex steroid hormones: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 126:262-276. [PMID: 30825585 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), a non-steroidal estrogen mycotoxin produced by several species of Fusarium fungi, can be metabolized into many other derivatives by microorganisms, plants, animals and humans. It can affect mammalian reproductive capability by impacting the synthesis and secretion of sex hormones, including testosterone, estradiol and progesterone. This review summarizes the mechanisms in which ZEA and its derivatives disturb the synthesis and secretion of sex steroid hormones. Because of its structural analogy to estrogen, ZEA and its derivatives can exert a variety of estrogen-like effects and engage in estrogen negative feedback regulation, which can result in mediating the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the pituitary gland. ZEA and its derivatives can ultimately reduce the number of Leydig cells and granulosa cells by inducing oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis, and cell regeneration delay. Additionally, they can disrupt the mitochondrial structure and influence mitochondrial functions through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aberrant autophagy signaling ways. Finally, ZEA and its derivatives can disturb the expressions and activities of the related steroidogenic enzymes through cross talking between membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors.
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10
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Kadokawa H, Pandey K, Onalenna K, Nahar A. Reconsidering the roles of endogenous estrogens and xenoestrogens: the membrane estradiol receptor G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) mediates the effects of various estrogens. J Reprod Dev 2018. [PMID: 29515057 PMCID: PMC6021614 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrone (E1) and estriol (E3) are considered “weak” estrogens, which exert suppressive effects through estrogen receptors α and β. However, recent studies have demonstrated that E1 and E3,
as well as estradiol (E2), suppress gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced luteinizing hormone secretion from bovine gonadotrophs via G-protein-coupled receptor 30, which is expressed in
various reproductive organs. Currently, there is a lack of fundamental knowledge regarding E1 and E3, including their blood levels. In addition, xenoestrogens may remain in the body over
long time periods because of enterohepatic circulation. Therefore, it is time to reconsider the roles of endogenous estrogens and xenoestrogens for reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Kadokawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kiran Pandey
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kereilwe Onalenna
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Asrafun Nahar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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11
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Oakley OR, Kim KJ, Lin PC, Barakat R, Cacioppo JA, Li Z, Whitaker A, Chung KC, Mei W, Ko C. Estradiol Synthesis in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: Leukocyte Regulation by a Sexually Monomorphic System. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4579-4587. [PMID: 27779914 PMCID: PMC5133356 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
17β-estradiol is a potent sex hormone synthesized primarily by gonads in females and males that regulates development and function of the reproductive system. Recent studies show that 17β-estradiol is locally synthesized in nonreproductive tissues and regulates a myriad of events, including local inflammatory responses. In this study, we report that mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) and Peyer's patches (Pps) are novel sites of de novo synthesis of 17β-estradiol. These secondary lymphoid organs are located within or close to the gastrointestinal tract, contain leukocytes, and function at the forefront of immune surveillance. 17β-estradiol synthesis was initially identified using a transgenic mouse with red fluorescent protein coexpressed in cells that express aromatase, the enzyme responsible for 17β-estradiol synthesis. Subsequent immunohistochemistry and tissue culture experiments revealed that aromatase expression was localized to high endothelial venules of these lymphoid organs, and these high endothelial venule cells synthesized 17β-estradiol when isolated and cultured in vitro. Both mLNs and Pps contained 17β-estradiol with concentrations that were significantly higher than those of peripheral blood. Furthermore, the total amount of 17β-estradiol in these organs exceeded that of the gonads. Mice lacking either aromatase or estrogen receptor-β had hypertrophic Pps and mLNs with more leukocytes than their wild-type littermates, demonstrating a role for 17β-estradiol in leukocyte regulation. Importantly, we did not observe any sex-dependent differences in aromatase expression, 17β-estradiol content, or steroidogenic capacity in these lymphoid organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R Oakley
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Jun Kim
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Po-Ching Lin
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Radwa Barakat
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph A Cacioppo
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexandra Whitaker
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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12
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Mouse Models for the Study of Synthesis, Secretion, and Action of Pituitary Gonadotropins. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 143:49-84. [PMID: 27697204 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropins play fundamental roles in reproduction. More than 30years ago, Cga transgenic mice were generated, and more than 20years ago, the phenotypes of Cga null mice were reported. Since then, numerous mouse strains have been generated and characterized to address several questions in reproductive biology involving gonadotropin synthesis, secretion, and action. More recently, extragonadal expression, and in some cases, functions of gonadotropins in nongonadal tissues have been identified. Several genomic and proteomic approaches including novel mouse genome editing tools are available now. It is anticipated that these and other emerging technologies will be useful to build an integrated network of gonadotropin signaling pathways in various tissues. Undoubtedly, research on gonadotropins will continue to provide new knowledge and allow us transcend from benchside to the bedside.
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13
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Nakamura U, Kadokawa H. The nonsteroidal mycoestrogen zearalenone and its five metabolites suppress LH secretion from the bovine anterior pituitary cells via the estradiol receptor GPR30 in vitro. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1342-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Rudolf FO, Kadokawa H. Cytoplasmic kinases downstream of GPR30 suppress gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced luteinizing hormone secretion from bovine anterior pituitary cells. J Reprod Dev 2015; 62:65-9. [PMID: 26522383 PMCID: PMC4768779 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2015-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR30 is known as a membrane receptor for picomolar concentrations of estradiol. The GPR30-specific agonist
G1 causes a rapid, non-genomic suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced luteinizing
hormone (LH) secretion from bovine anterior pituitary (AP) cells. A few studies have recently clarified that
protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) might be involved in
cytoplasmic signaling pathways of GPR30 in other cells. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that PKA and ERK
kinase (MEK) are important cytoplasmic mediators for GPR30-associated non-genomic suppression of GnRH-induced
LH secretion from bovine AP cells. Bovine AP cells (n = 8) were cultured for 3 days under steroid-free
conditions. The AP cells were previously treated for 30 min with one of the following: 5000 nM of PKA
inhibitor (H89), 1000 nM of MEK inhibitor (U0126), or a combination of H89 and U0126. Next, the AP cells were
treated with 0.01 nM estradiol for 5 min before GnRH stimulation. Estradiol treatment without inhibitor
pretreatment significantly suppressed GnRH-induced LH secretion (P < 0.01). In contrast, estradiol
treatment after pretreatment with H89, U0126 or their combination had no suppressive effect on GnRH-induced LH
secretion. The inhibitors also inhibited the G1 suppression of GnRH-induced LH secretion. Therefore, these
data supported the hypothesis that PKA and MEK (thus, also pERK) are the intracellular mediators downstream of
GPR30 that induce the non-genomic suppression of GnRH-induced LH secretion from bovine AP cells by estradiol
or G1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faidiban O Rudolf
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
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15
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Nakamura U, Rudolf FO, Pandey K, Kadokawa H. The non-steroidal mycoestrogen zeranol suppresses luteinizing hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary of cattle via the estradiol receptor GPR30 in a rapid, non-genomic manner. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 156:118-27. [PMID: 25824341 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Picomolar concentrations of estradiol produce rapid suppression of GnRH-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from the anterior pituitary (AP) of cattle via G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). Zeranol is a strong estrogenic metabolite derived from zearalenone, a non-steroidal mycoestrogen produced by Fusarium that induces reproductive disorders in domestic animals. The hypothesis was tested that zeranol suppresses GnRH-induced LH release from the AP of cattle via GPR30 in a rapid, non-genomic manner. The AP cells (n=15) were cultured for 3 days in steroid-free conditions and then treated them with estradiol (0.001-10nM) or zeranol (0.001-100nM) for 5min before GnRH stimulation. Pre-treatment with 0.001-0.1nM estradiol suppressed GnRH-stimulated LH secretion. Pre-treatment with zeranol at concentrations of 0.001nM (P<0.01), 0.01nM (P<0.01), 0.1nM (P<0.05), and 1nM (P<0.05), but not at concentrations of 10 and 100nM, also inhibited GnRH-stimulated LH secretion from AP cells. Pre-treatment for 5min with a GPR30-specific antagonist, G36, inhibited estradiol or zeranol suppression of LH secretion from cultured AP cells. Cyclic AMP measurements and quantitative PCR analyses revealed that pre-treatment with small amounts of estradiol (P<0.05) or zeranol (P<0.01) decreased cAMP, but not gene expressions of the LHα, LHβ, or FSHβ subunits in the AP cells. Hence, zeranol may suppress luteinizing hormone secretion from the AP of cattle via GPR30 in a rapid, non-genomic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urara Nakamura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan
| | - Faidiban O Rudolf
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan
| | - Kiran Pandey
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kadokawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan.
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16
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Qin F, Wang X, Liu S, Zheng Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Gene expression profiling of key genes in hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus in response to EE2. Gene 2014; 552:8-17. [PMID: 25194895 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), which could induce estrogenic effects, is found in different aquatic systems. The current study aimed to assess in vivo effects of short-term EE2 exposure on the transcriptional activity of genes in the brain and gonad tissues in order to characterize the mode of action of EE2 on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). The full length cDNAs of fshβ, lhβ, fshr and lhr were first characterized in G. rarus. The homology and phylogenetic analyses of the amino acid sequences revealed that these four genes share high identity in cyprinid fish. The tissue distribution analysis by qRT-PCR showed that fshβ and lhβ were mainly expressed in the brain and fshr and lhr were mainly expressed in gonads. Adult G. rarus was exposed to EE2 at 1, 5, 25 and 125 ng/L for 3 and 6 days and the expression of brain cyp19a1b, fshβ and lhβ, estrogen receptors (esr1, esr2a, and esr2b) and gonadal fshr, lhr and cyp19a1a were assessed. Cyp19a1b was significantly up-regulated in the brains of female exposed to EE2 at 1-125 ng/L for 6 days. The brain lhβ, but not fshβ was strongly suppressed in most EE2 exposure groups of both sexes. The brain esr2b was inhibited in both sexes exposed to EE2 at all of the four concentrations for 6 days. Esr2a was up-regulated in the females by 6-day EE2 treatment at 1 and 25 ng/L. The high responsiveness of brain lhβ and esr2s to EE2 and their significant correlation in both sexes suggested that the transcriptional activity of Esr2s could play key roles in modulation of lhβ expression via direct action on gonadotropic cells in response to EE2. In gonads, fshr was strongly inhibited by EE2 in males, while lhr was significantly stimulated by EE2 in females. Cyp19a1a was inhibited by EE2 in both sexes. The positive correlations of gene expressions of both fshr and lhr with cyp19a1a in testes suggest that the suppression of 17α-estradiol (E2) synthesis in testis by exogenous estrogen could mediate via both Fsh/Fshr and Lh/Lhr signaling in male G. rarus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shaozhen Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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17
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Royston SE, Yasui N, Kondilis AG, Lord SV, Katzenellenbogen JA, Mahoney MM. ESR1 and ESR2 differentially regulate daily and circadian activity rhythms in female mice. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2613-23. [PMID: 24735329 PMCID: PMC5393318 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Estrogenic signaling shapes and modifies daily and circadian rhythms, the disruption of which has been implicated in psychiatric, neurologic, cardiovascular, and metabolic disease, among others. However, the activational mechanisms contributing to these effects remain poorly characterized. To determine the activational impact of estrogen on daily behavior patterns and differentiate between the contributions of the estrogen receptors ESR1 and ESR2, ovariectomized adult female mice were administered estradiol, the ESR1 agonist propylpyrazole triol, the ESR2 agonist diarylpropionitrile, or cholesterol (control). Animals were singly housed with running wheels in a 12-hour light, 12-hour dark cycle or total darkness. Estradiol increased total activity and amplitude, consolidated activity to the dark phase, delayed the time of peak activity (acrophase of wheel running), advanced the time of activity onset, and shortened the free running period (τ), but did not alter the duration of activity (α). Importantly, activation of ESR1 or ESR2 differentially impacted daily and circadian rhythms. ESR1 stimulation increased total wheel running and amplitude and reduced the proportion of activity in the light vs the dark. Conversely, ESR2 activation modified the distribution of activity across the day, delayed acrophase of wheel running, and advanced the time of activity onset. Interestingly, τ was shortened by estradiol or either estrogen receptor agonist. Finally, estradiol-treated animals administered a light pulse in the early subjective night, but no other time, had an attenuated response compared with controls. This decreased phase response was mirrored by animals treated with diarylpropionitrile, but not propylpyrazole triol. To conclude, estradiol has strong activational effects on the temporal patterning and expression of daily and circadian behavior, and these effects are due to distinct mechanisms elicited by ESR1 and ESR2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Royston
- Neuroscience Program (S.E.R., M.M.M.), Medical Scholars Program (S.E.R.), and Departments of Chemistry (N.Y., J.A.K.) and Comparative Biosciences (A.G.K., S.V.L., M.M.M.), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802
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18
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Hamilton KJ, Arao Y, Korach KS. Estrogen hormone physiology: reproductive findings from estrogen receptor mutant mice. Reprod Biol 2013; 14:3-8. [PMID: 24607249 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) play a crucial role in reproduction and normal physiology. The two sub-types of ER (ERα and β) are expressed in various levels in different tissues and selective cell types. Gene targeting technology allowed us to produce lines of mice with disrupted ERα (αERKO) and ERβ genes (βERKO) as well as a compound αβERKO in the whole body. Male and female αERKO mice are infertile. Estrogen, EGF and IGF-1 treatments failed to induce uterine growth and DNA synthesis in αERKO uteri. αERKO females are infertile due to hypoplastic uteri and hyperemic ovaries with no corpora lutea due to persistent LH stimulation from loss of negative feedback. αERKO males are infertile, with testicular atrophy and seminiferous tubule dysmorphogenesis producing decreased spermatogenesis and inactive sperm. βERKO females show arrested folliculogenesis and subfertility. Ovarian analyses indicate differential gene expression related to ovulatory stimulation deficits including lack of LH, PR, Cyp19 and Cox2 expression. A unique ovarian phenotype is found only in αβERKO females showing transdifferentiation of granulosa cells to Sertoli cells. We describe here several novel mouse models which possess ERα gene modification. To understand ERα function in uterine endometrial epithelial cells, we generated a tissue selective ERα gene disrupted mouse model, the uterine epithelial-specific ERα knockout (UtEpiαERKO). To understand the physiological role of ERα functional domains, we generated a mouse model with a mutation in the ligand dependent transcription activation domain of ERα (AF2ERKI). Findings from the ERα mutant mice suggest that the absence of functional ERα is not lethal and results in significant endocrine effects and altered physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Hamilton
- Receptor Biology Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Yukitomo Arao
- Receptor Biology Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Receptor Biology Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
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19
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Rudolf FO, Kadokawa H. Expression of estradiol receptor, GPR30, in bovine anterior pituitary and effects of GPR30 agonist on GnRH-induced LH secretion. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 139:9-17. [PMID: 23642498 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
G-protein - coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) is an estradiol receptor located on the plasma membrane, and it initiates several rapid, non-genomic signaling events. GPR30 has recently been identified in rat anterior pituitary (AP); however, little is known about the role of GPR30 in controlling luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from gonadotropes in animals. To fill this research gap, we hypothesized that GPR30 is expressed in bovine AP and mediates estradiol inhibition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced LH release. We confirmed the expressions of GPR30 mRNA and protein by RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. We cultured bovine AP cells (n=8) for 3 days in steroid-free conditions and then treated them with increasing concentrations (0.001nM, 0.01nM, 0.1nM, 1nM, and 10nM) of estradiol or a GPR30-specific agonist, G1, for 5min before GnRH stimulation. As expected, estradiol at 0.001-0.1nM inhibited the GnRH-stimulated LH secretion. However, we found also that G1 at 0.001nM was able to inhibit this secretion (P<0.05). In contrast, both estradiol and G1 at higher doses were less efficient in suppressing the GnRH-stimulated LH secretion. Neither estradiol nor G1 suppressed GnRH-stimulated follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. In separate experiments, fluorescent immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry revealed that approximately 50% of GPR30-positive cells express LH, and about 30% of LH-positive cells express GPR30. In conclusion, GPR30 is expressed in bovine gonadotropes and other AP cells and may partially contribute to rapid negative estradiol feedback of GnRH-induced LH secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faidiban O Rudolf
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan
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