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Hu LL, Liu YX, Yu XT, Sun SC, Yang FL. Deoxynivalenol exposure disturbs the cytoplasmic maturation in porcine oocytes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 285:117137. [PMID: 39353374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a secondary metabolite of Fusarium fungi and belonged to trichothecenes, and it widely presents in various food commodities. Previous studies have highlighted its potent toxicity, adversely affecting the growth, development, and reproductive in both humans and animals. However, the potential impact of DON on porcine oocyte organelles remains elusive. In present study, we delved into the toxic effects of DON on mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi during the porcine oocyte maturation. Our findings revealed that DON exposure significantly impeded granulosa cell diffusion and the expulsion of the first polar body. Additionally, mitochondrial fluorescence intensity and membrane potential underwent notable alterations under DON exposure. Notably, lysosomal fluorescence intensity decreased significantly, suggesting protein degradation and potential autophagy, which was further corroborated by the enhanced fluorescence intensity of LC3. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum fluorescence intensity declined, and DON exposure elevated endoplasmic reticulum stress levels, evident from the upregulated expression of GRP78. Concurrently, we observed disruption in the fusiform cortex distribution of the Golgi apparatus, characterized by reduced Golgi apparatus fluorescence intensity and GM130 expression. Collectively, our results indicate that DON exposure profoundly affects the fundamental functions of porcine oocyte organelles during meiosis and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi of Guangxi Higher Education Institutions, Reproductive Medicine of Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Industrial College of Biomedicine and Health Industry, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Ya-Xi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi of Guangxi Higher Education Institutions, Reproductive Medicine of Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Feng-Lian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi of Guangxi Higher Education Institutions, Reproductive Medicine of Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Industrial College of Biomedicine and Health Industry, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
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Widodo OS, Uno S, Kokushi E, Yamato O, Mardianto MFF, Shinya U, Kano Y, Kawashima C, Fushimi Y, Ono T, Taniguchi M, Takagi M. Exposure of Cattle Breeding Herds to Naturally Co-Contaminated Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol: The Relevance of a Urinary Mycotoxin Monitoring System for Herd Health and Food Safety. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:402. [PMID: 39330860 PMCID: PMC11436142 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16090402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The widespread presence of Fusarium mycotoxins in animal feed is a global issue, not only for the health of livestock but also for ensure the safety of food as an end product. High concentrations of zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) have been detected in the diets of Japanese Black (JB) and Holstein Friesian (HF) breeding herds. Consequently, we monitored serum biochemical parameters over a long time in both herds, focusing on anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and acute-phase inflammation. Additionally, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and progesterone levels were measured in the HF herd. The JB herd, a ZEN-dominant model with low DON contamination, demonstrated ZEN levels that exceeded the Japanese limit in the purchased total mixed rations (TMR). Conversely, the HF herd, which primary consumes DON-dominant feed with low ZEN contamination, had high DON levels in the dent corn silage. Specifically, the JB herd's TMR contained 1.79 mg/kg ZEN and 0.58 mg/kg DON, whereas the HF herd's silage had 15.3 mg/kg DON (dried sample) and 0.1 mg/kg ZEN. Enzyme-linked immunoassay were used to measure urinary ZEN-DON levels following confirmation through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Urinary ZEN-DON levels measured were significantly correlated (p < 0.05, r > 0.6) in both herds. In the HF herd, AMH levels increased (p = 0.01) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels decreased (p = 0.02) when contaminated and at the end of the monitoring period. Additionally, urinary ZEN and DON levels were significantly correlated with SAA levels (ZEN: p = 0.00, r = 0.46; DON: p = 0.03, r = 0.33), with an increase in ZEN and DON levels resulting in higher SAA levels. The JB herd showed no significant differences. Additionally, in the HF herd, 8-OHdG/Cre levels increased significantly during major contamination periods (p < 0.05). Clinical data from the HF herd indicated an increase in mastitis cases and treatment rates during periods of major contamination. Abortion rates in the HF herd decreased from 22.9% (before monitoring) to 8.9% (during the high contamination period) and finally to 1% (at the end of the monitoring period), with corresponding increases in progesterone levels. ZEN-DON contamination adversely affects breeding cattle's productivity, reproductive performance, and health. Therefore, monitoring urinary ZEN-DON is valuable for detecting contaminants and ensuring the safety of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oky Setyo Widodo
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Seiichi Uno
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
| | - Emiko Kokushi
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - M Fariz Fadillah Mardianto
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Urara Shinya
- Soo Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Kagoshima 899-8212, Japan
| | - Yuto Kano
- Soo Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Kagoshima 899-8212, Japan
| | - Chiho Kawashima
- Field Center of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | | | - Tetsushi Ono
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Masayasu Taniguchi
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takagi
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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Hao EY, Liu XL, Chen XY, Xue H, Su BF, Chen YF, Wang DH, Shi L, Bai K, Hou F, Hou JK, Bao HL, Chen H. Melatonin alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress and follicular granulosa cell apoptosis by regulating ATF4 to activate mTOR signaling pathway in chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103656. [PMID: 38583308 PMCID: PMC11004419 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Follicular atresia in chickens reduces the number of follicles that can further develop, leading to decrease egg laying. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can initiate a unique pathway inducing the apoptosis of follicular granulosa cells, thus reducing egg laying. Melatonin (MEL) is involved in the regulation of follicle development, ovulation, and oocyte maturation, and is closely related to follicle fate. Mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays an important role in cell growth regulation, and that there is a possible crosstalk between melatonin and mTOR activity in granular cells maturation and ovulation. This study aimed to investigate whether MEL inhibits ERS and follicular granulosa cell apoptosis by regulating ATF4 to activate mTOR signaling pathway in chickens. Frist, we established an in vitro ERS cell model using tunicamycin (TM). The results showed that different concentrations of TM exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of cell activity and induction of granulosa cells (P<0.01). Therefore, we chose 5 µg/mL of TM and a treatment time for 6 h as the optimal concentration for the following experiments. Then we investigate whether melatonin can inhibit ERS. TM treatment decreased the cell viability and Bcl-2 expression, increasing ROS levels and the mRNA expression of Grp78, ATF4, CHOP, PERK, eIF-2α, and BAX (P<0.01), whereas TM+MEL treatment significantly inhibited these changes (P<0.01). Then we explored whether melatonin protects follicular granulosa cells from ERS-induced apoptosis through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway by regulating ATF4, we found that ATF4 knockdown inhibited ERS by decreasing the expression of ERS-related genes and proteins and activating mTOR signaling pathway by increasing the protein expression of p4E-BP1 and pT389-S6K (P<0.001), while these changes were promoted by TM+si-ATF4+MEL treatment (P<0.01). These results indicate that MEL could alleviate TM-induced ERS by regulating ATF4 to activate mTOR signaling pathway in follicular granulosa cells, thus providing a new perspective for prolonging the laying cycle in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Ying Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Xue-Lu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Baoding Livestock Husbandry Workstation, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Han Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Bo-Fei Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - De-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Kang Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Fei Hou
- Shunping County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Jian-Ku Hou
- Shunping County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Hui-Ling Bao
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050000, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China.
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Cai G, Guerrero-Netro HM, Bian J, Oswald IP, Price C, Alassane-Kpembi I. Real-life exposure to Fusarium toxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone triggers apoptosis and activates NLRP3 inflammasome in bovine primary theca cells. Mycotoxin Res 2023; 39:367-377. [PMID: 37423938 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Cattle are deemed less susceptible to mycotoxins due to the limited internal exposure resulting from rumen microbiota activity. However, the significant amounts of Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) frequently detected in bovine follicular fluid samples suggest that they could affect ovarian function. Both mycotoxins trigger several patterns of cell death and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in the intestine. In vitro studies have reported a number of adverse effects on bovine oocytes. However, the biological relevance of such findings with regard to realistic concentrations of DON and ZEN in bovine follicular fluid is still not clear. Hence, it is important to better characterize the effects of dietary exposure to DON and ZEN on the bovine ovary. Using bovine primary theca cells, this study investigated the effects of real-life patterns for bovine ovary exposure to DON and ZEN, but also DON metabolite DOM-1, on cell death and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Exposure to DON starting from 0.1 μM significantly decreased theca cell viability. The kinetics of phosphatidylserine translocation and loss of membrane integrity showed that ZEN and DON, but not DOM-1, induce an apoptotic phenotype. qPCR analysis of the expression of NLRP3, PYCARD, IL-1β, IL-18, and GSDMD in primary theca cells at concentrations of mycotoxin previously reported in cow follicular fluid clearly indicated that DON and DOM-1 individually and in mixture, but not ZEN, activate NLRP3 inflammasome. Altogether, these results suggest that real-life dietary exposure of cattle to DON may induce inflammatory disorders in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Hilda M Guerrero-Netro
- Depto. de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christopher Price
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Imourana Alassane-Kpembi
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
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Sun P, Zhao X, Liu M, Wu H, Lv C, Zhou S, Ding Z, Huo L, Yang L, Liang A. Lactational exposure to Deoxynivalenol causes mammary gland injury via inducing inflammatory response and impairing blood-milk barrier integrity in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114773. [PMID: 37003064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lactation is a unique physiological process to produce and secrete milk. Deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure during lactation has been demonstrated to affect adversely the growth development of offspring. However, the effects and potential mechanism of DON on maternal mammary glands remain largely unknown. In this study, we found the length and area of mammary glands were significantly reduced after DON exposure on lactation day (LD) 7 and LD 21. RNA-seq analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in acute inflammatory response and HIF-1 signaling pathway, which led to an increase of myeloperoxidase activity and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, lactational DON exposure increased blood-milk barrier permeability by reducing the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, promoted cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and PCNA. Additionally, lactational DON exposure significantly decreased serum concentration of prolactin, estrogen, and progesterone. All these alterations eventually resulted in a decrease of β-casein expression on LD 7 and LD 21. In summary, our findings indicated that lactational exposure to DON caused lactation-related hormone disorder and mammary gland injury induced by inflammatory response and blood-milk barrier integrity impairment, ultimately resulting in lower production of β-casein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xinzhe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Mingxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hanxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ce Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Reyes-Perea AD, Guerrero-Netro HM, Meza-Serrano E, Estienne A, Price CA. The Mycotoxin De-Epoxy-Deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) Increases Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Ovarian Theca Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030228. [PMID: 36977119 PMCID: PMC10057718 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a major mycotoxin present in animal feed and negatively affects growth and reproduction in farm species, including pigs and cattle. The mechanism of DON action involves the ribotoxic stress response (RSR), and it acts directly on ovarian granulosa cells to increase cell death. In ruminants, DON is metabolized to de-epoxy-DON (DOM-1), which cannot activate the RSR but has been shown to increase cell death in ovarian theca cells. In the present study, we determined if DOM-1 acts on bovine theca cells through endoplasmic stress using an established serum-free cell culture model and to assess whether also DON activates endoplasmic stress in granulosa cells. The results show that DOM-1 increased the cleavage of ATF6 protein, increased the phosphorylation of EIF2AK3, and increased the abundance of cleaved XBP1 mRNA. Activation of these pathways led to an increased abundance of mRNA of the ER stress target genes GRP78, GRP94, and CHOP. Although CHOP is widely associated with autophagy, inhibition of autophagy did not alter the response of theca cells to DOM-1. The addition of DON to granulosa cells partially increased ER stress pathways but failed to increase the abundance of mRNA of ER stress target genes. We conclude that the mechanism of action of DOM-1, at least in bovine theca cells, is through the activation of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica D Reyes-Perea
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Hilda M Guerrero-Netro
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Europa Meza-Serrano
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Anthony Estienne
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Christopher A Price
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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Lactoferrin Restores the Deoxynivalenol-Impaired Spermatogenesis and Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity via Improving the Antioxidant Capacity and Modifying the Cell Adhesion and Inflammatory Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010152. [PMID: 36671014 PMCID: PMC9855165 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is among the most prevalent contaminants in cereal crops and has been demonstrated to impair male spermatogenesis and induce oxidative stress, testicular apoptosis, and disruption of the blood-testis barrier (BTB). Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein with multifunctions including anti-inflammation and antioxidation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of LF on the spermatogenesis and integrity of the BTB in DON-exposed mice. Thirty-two male mice were allotted to four groups for a 35-day feeding period: vehicle (basal diet), DON (12 mg/kg), LF (10 mg/d, p.o.), and DON + LF. The results showed that DON induced vacuolization of the spermatogenic epithelium, broke the adhesion junction between Sertoli cells and spermatids established by N-cadherin and induced testicular oxidative stress. LF administration restored sperm production, attenuated the DON-induced oxidative stress and reduced the breakages in adhesion junction. DON exposure enhanced the protein expression of occludin. Transcriptional profiling of the testis observed a disturbance in the expression profiles of cell adhesion and inflammatory response genes, and LF administration reversed these gene expressions. Furthermore, down-regulated signaling pathways, including the apical junction, TNFα signaling via NF-κB, and TGF-β in the DON group were observed. These were restored by LF. Enrichment analysis between DON + LF group and vehicle also confirmed the absence of these pathways. These findings indicated that LF eliminated the DON-induced detriment to spermatogenesis and cell connections between Sertoli cells and spermatids via improving antioxidant capacity and modifying the inflammatory response and cell adhesion genes.
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Dong L, Xin X, Chang HM, Leung PCK, Yu C, Lian F, Wu H. Expression of long noncoding RNAs in the ovarian granulosa cells of women with diminished ovarian reserve using high-throughput sequencing. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:119. [PMID: 36309699 PMCID: PMC9617369 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infertility is a global reproductive-health problem, and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is one of the common causes of female infertility. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial regulators of numerous physiological and pathological processes in humans. However, whether lncRNAs are involved in the development of DOR remains to be elucidated. Methods Ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) extracted from infertile women with DOR and from women with normal ovarian reserve (NOR) were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify the differential expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and lncRNAs. Sequencing results were validated by the selection of lncRNAs and mRNAs using real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results Compared with the NOR group, a total of 244 lncRNAs were upregulated (53 known and 191 novel), and 222 lncRNAs were downregulated (36 known and 186 novel) in the DOR group. Similarly, 457 mRNAs had differential expression between the two groups. Of these, 169 were upregulated and 288 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes of mRNA and lncRNAs were considerably enriched in “cell adhesion and apoptosis”, “steroid biosynthesis”, and “immune system”. A co-expression network comprising lncRNAs and their predicted target genes revealed the possible involvement of the “thyroid hormone signaling pathway” and “protein binding, digestion and absorption” in DOR pathogenesis. The expression of SLC16A10 was positively regulated by multiple lncRNAs. After RT-qPCR validation of seven differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, respectively, the expression of lncRNA NEAT1, GNG12, ZEB2-AS1, and mRNA FN1, HAS3, RGS4, SUOX were in accordance with RNA-sequencing. Conclusions We presented the first data showing that the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in OGCs between NOR and DOR patients using RNA sequencing. The lncRNAs and mRNAs that we identified may serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers for patients with DOR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-022-01053-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Xin Xin
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chen Yu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Fang Lian
- MedicineReproductive and Genetic Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Haicui Wu
- MedicineReproductive and Genetic Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
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9
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Adverse Effects of Fusarium Toxins in Ruminants: A Review of In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. DAIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/dairy3030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increased knowledge of the mechanism of action of Fusarium mycotoxins, the concept that these substances are deleterious only for monogastric species is obsolete. Indeed, most mycotoxins can be converted into less toxic compounds by the rumen microflora from healthy animals. However, mycotoxin absorption and its conversion to more toxic metabolites, as well as their impact on the immune response and subsequently animal welfare, reproductive function, and milk quality during chronic exposure should not be neglected. Among the Fusarium mycotoxins, the most studied are deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisins from the B class (FBs). It is remarkable that there is a paucity of in vivo research, with a low number of studies on nutrient digestibility and rumen function. Most of the in vitro studies are related to the reproductive function or are restricted to rumen incubation. When evaluating the production performance, milk yield is used as an evaluated parameter, but its quality for cheese production is often overlooked. In the present review, we summarize the most recent findings regarding the adverse effects of these mycotoxins with special attention to dairy cattle.
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10
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Zhao X, Sun P, Liu M, Liu S, Huo L, Ding Z, Liu M, Wang S, Lv C, Wu H, Yang L, Liang A. Deoxynivalenol exposure inhibits biosynthesis of milk fat and protein by impairing tight junction in bovine mammary epithelial cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 237:113504. [PMID: 35447471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common feed contaminants, and it poses a serious threat to the health of dairy cows. The existing studies of biological toxicity of DON mainly focus on the proliferation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells, while its toxicity on the biosynthesis of milk components has not been well documented. Hence, we investigated the toxic effects and the underlying mechanism of DON on the bovine mammary alveolar cells (MAC-T). Our results showed that exposure to various concentrations of DON significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and altered the cell morphology which was manifested by cell distortion and shrinkage. Moreover, the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values of MAC-T cells exposed to DON were gradually decreased in a time- and concentration- dependent manner, but lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was significantly increased with the maximum increase of 2.4-fold, indicating the cell membrane and tight junctions were damaged by DON. Importantly, DON significantly reduced the synthesis of β-casein and lipid droplets, along with the significantly decreases of phospho-mTOR, phospho-4EBP1, phospho-JAK2, and phospho-STAT5. Gene expression profiles showed that the expressions of several genes related to lipid synthesis and metabolism were changed, including acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2), fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 (HMGCS1), and insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in ribosome, glutathione metabolism, and lipid biosynthetic process, which play important roles in the toxicological process induced by DON. Taken together, DON affects the proliferation and functional differentiation of MAC-T cells, which might be related to the cell junction disruption and morphological alteration. Our data provide new insights into functional differentiation and transcriptomic alterations of MAC-T cells after DON exposure, which contributes to a comprehensive understanding of DON-induced toxicity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Peihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Mingxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shuanghang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ce Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hanxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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11
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Sun L, Dai J, Xu J, Yang J, Zhang D. Comparative Cytotoxic Effects and Possible Mechanisms of Deoxynivalenol, Zearalenone and T-2 Toxin Exposure to Porcine Leydig Cells In Vitro. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020113. [PMID: 35202140 PMCID: PMC8875536 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins such as zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 toxin (T-2) are the most poisonous biological toxins in food pollution. Mycotoxin contaminations are a global health issue. The aim of the current study was to use porcine Leydig cells as a model to explore the toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of ZEN, DON and T-2. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ZEN was 49.71 μM, and the IC50 values of DON and T-2 were 2.49 μM and 97.18 nM, respectively. Based on the values of IC50, ZEN, DON and T-2 exposure resulted in increased cell apoptosis, as well as disrupted mitochondria membrane potential and cell cycle distribution. The results also showed that ZEN and DON significantly reduced testosterone and progesterone secretion in Leydig cells, but T-2 only reduced testosterone secretion. Furthermore, the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) were significantly decreased by ZEN, DON and T-2; whereas the protein expression of cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) was only significantly decreased by ZEN. Altogether, these data suggest that the ZEN, DON and T-2 toxins resulted in reproductive toxicity involving the inhibition of steroidogenesis and cell proliferation, which contributes to the cellular apoptosis induced by mitochondrial injury in porcine Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Sun
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (L.S.); (J.D.); (J.X.)
| | - Jianjun Dai
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (L.S.); (J.D.); (J.X.)
| | - Jiehuan Xu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (L.S.); (J.D.); (J.X.)
| | - Junhua Yang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standard and Testing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (D.Z.)
| | - Defu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (L.S.); (J.D.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (D.Z.)
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12
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Fan H, Ren Z, Xu C, Wang H, Wu Z, Rehman ZU, Wu S, Sun MA, Bao W. Chromatin Accessibility and Transcriptomic Alterations in Murine Ovarian Granulosa Cells upon Deoxynivalenol Exposure. Cells 2021; 10:2818. [PMID: 34831041 PMCID: PMC8616273 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common environmental toxin that is secreted by fusarium fungi that frequently contaminates feedstuff and food. While the detrimental effects of DON on human and animal reproductive systems have been well recognized, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), which surround oocytes, are crucial for regulating oocyte development, mainly through the secretion of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. Using an in vitro model of murine GCs, we characterized the cytotoxic effects of DON and profiled genome-wide chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic alterations after DON exposure. Our results suggest that DON can induce decreased viability and growth, increased apoptosis rate, and disrupted hormone secretion. In total, 2533 differentially accessible loci and 2675 differentially expressed genes were identified that were associated with Hippo, Wnt, steroid biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, and inflammation-related pathways. DON-induced genes usually have a concurrently increased occupancy of active histone modifications H3K4me3 and H3K27ac in their promoters. Integrative analyses identified 35 putative directly affected genes including Adrb2 and Fshr, which are key regulators of follicular growth, and revealed that regions with increased chromatin accessibility are enriched with the binding motifs for NR5A1 and NR5A2, which are important for GCs. Moreover, DON-induced inflammatory response is due to the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Overall, our results provide novel insights into the regulatory elements, genes, and key pathways underlying the response of ovarian GCs to DON cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Zhanshi Ren
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Zia ur Rehman
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ming-an Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (Z.R.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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13
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Urbanek KA, Kowalska K, Habrowska-Górczyńska DE, Domińska K, Sakowicz A, Piastowska-Ciesielska AW. In Vitro Analysis of Deoxynivalenol Influence on Steroidogenesis in Prostate. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13100685. [PMID: 34678978 PMCID: PMC8539121 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type-B trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, reported to be the most common mycotoxin present in food and feed products. DON is known to affect the production of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in male rats, consequently affecting reproductive endpoints. Our previous study showed that DON induces oxidative stress in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, however the effect of DON on the intratumor steroidogenesis in PCa and normal prostate cells was not investigated. In this study human normal (PNT1A) and prostate cancer cell lines with different hormonal sensitivity (PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP) were exposed to DON treatment alone or in combination with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for 48 h. The results of the study demonstrated that exposure to DON alone or in combination with DHEA had a stimulatory effect on the release of estradiol and testosterone and also affected progesterone secretion. Moreover, significant changes were observed in the expression of genes related to steroidogenesis. Taken together, these results indicate that DON might affect the process of steroidogenesis in the prostate, demonstrating potential reproductive effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Anna Urbanek
- Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (K.A.U.); (K.K.); (D.E.H.-G.)
| | - Karolina Kowalska
- Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (K.A.U.); (K.K.); (D.E.H.-G.)
| | - Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska
- Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (K.A.U.); (K.K.); (D.E.H.-G.)
| | - Kamila Domińska
- Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska
- Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (K.A.U.); (K.K.); (D.E.H.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Fan H, Wang S, Wang H, Sun M, Wu S, Bao W. Melatonin Ameliorates the Toxicity Induced by Deoxynivalenol in Murine Ovary Granulosa Cells by Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071045. [PMID: 34209652 PMCID: PMC8300713 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an important endogenous hormone that shows antioxidant functions and pleiotropic effects, playing a crucial role in animal reproduction. Ovary granulosa cells (GCs) surround the oocyte, which play an important role in regulating oocytes development. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common fusarium mycotoxin contaminant of feedstuff and food, posing a serious threat to human and animal reproductive systems. Herein, murine ovary GCs were studied as a reproduction cell model, aimed to assess the protective effect of melatonin on DON-induced toxicity in murine ovary GCs. The results showed that DON adversely affected the viability and growth of murine ovary GCs and increased the apoptosis rate, while melatonin administration ameliorated these toxic effects. We further reveal that DON exposure increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species level, reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP, and upregulated Tnfα (tumor necrosis factor α), Il6 (interleukin 6), and Il1β (interleukin 1 β) gene expression. Moreover, DON exposure downregulated reproductive hormone gene expression and significantly increased nuclear factor kappa B (p65) activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Melatonin treatment attenuated all these effects, suggesting that melatonin protects GCs from the adverse effects of DON by ameliorating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. Overall, these results reveal the mechanisms of DON and melatonin in GCs and provide a theoretical basis for melatonin as a drug to improve mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Shiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Mingan Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.F.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
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15
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Taqi MO, Saeed-Zidane M, Gebremedhn S, Salilew-Wondim D, Tholen E, Neuhoff C, Hoelker M, Schellander K, Tesfaye D. NRF2-mediated signaling is a master regulator of transcription factors in bovine granulosa cells under oxidative stress condition. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:769-783. [PMID: 34008050 PMCID: PMC8526460 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are known to be involved in regulating the expression of several classes of genes during folliculogenesis. However, the regulatory role of TFs during oxidative stress (OS) is not fully understood. The current study was aimed to investigate the regulation of the TFs in bovine granulosa cells (bGCs) during exposure to OS induced by H2O2 in vitro. For this, bGCs derived from ovarian follicles were cultured in vitro till their confluency and then treated with H2O2 for 40 min. Twenty-four hours later, cells were subjected to various phenotypic and gene expression analyses for genes related to TFs, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation markers. The bGCs exhibited higher reactive oxygen species accumulation, DNA fragmentation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress accompanied by reduction of mitochondrial activity after exposure to OS. In addition, higher lipid accumulation and lower cell proliferation were noticed in H2O2-challenged cells. The mRNA level of TFs including NRF2, E2F1, KLF6, KLF9, FOS, SREBF1, SREBF2, and NOTCH1 was increased in H2O2-treated cells compared with non-treated controls. However, the expression level of KLF4 and its downstream gene, CCNB1, were downregulated in the H2O2-challenged group. Moreover, targeted inhibition of NRF2 using small interference RNA resulted in reduced expression of KLF9, FOS, SREBF2, and NOTCH1 genes, while the expression of KLF4 was upregulated. Taken together, bovine granulosa cells exposed to OS exhibited differential expression of various transcription factors, which are mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Omar Taqi
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Saeed-Zidane
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Animal Breeding and Genetics Group, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Samuel Gebremedhn
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, University of Bonn, Koenigswinter, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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16
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Xue R, Li S, Zou H, Ji D, Lv M, Zhou P, Wei Z, Zhang Z, Cao Y. Melatonin alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced apoptosis of human granulosa cells by reducing mutually accentuated FOXO1 and ER stress‡. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:554-566. [PMID: 33907797 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent Fusarium mycotoxins, which cause detrimental effects on human and animal reproductive systems by inducing oxidative stress. Increasing evidence has suggested the potential roles of melatonin in protecting granulosa cells from oxidative injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we demonstrated that suppression of FOXO1 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was engaged in melatonin-mediated protection against oxidative damage in human granulosa cells upon DON exposure in vitro. DON induced excess reactive oxygen species accumulation, cells viability loss, reduced estradiol-17β, and progesterone production in human granulosa cells, whereas melatonin ameliorated these phenotypes. Next, we found that the protective effect of melatonin against apoptosis was via reducing ER stress because the inhibition of ER stress displayed similar protective effects during DON treatment. Moreover, melatonin provided no additional protection when ER stress was inhibited. We further found that FOXO1 is a pivotal downstream effector of melatonin and ER stress in regulating DON-induced apoptosis in human granulosa cells. Blocking of FOXO1 reduced DON-induced cells death and FOXO1 activation could be suppressed by melatonin or ER stress inhibitor. However, melatonin failed to further restore cells viability in the presence of FOXO1 inhibitor. Collectively, our results reveal a new mechanism of melatonin in protecting against DON-induced apoptosis and dysfunction by suppressing ER stress and FOXO1 in human granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufeng Xue
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuhang Li
- Department of Oncology of The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huijuan Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingrong Lv
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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17
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Exploring the dermotoxicity of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol: combined morphologic and proteomic profiling of human epidermal cells reveals alteration of lipid biosynthesis machinery and membrane structural integrity relevant for skin barrier function. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2201-2221. [PMID: 33890134 PMCID: PMC8166681 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin, DON) is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium spp. fungi and it is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins worldwide. Crop infestation results not only in food and feed contamination, but also in direct dermal exposure, especially during harvest and food processing. To investigate the potential dermotoxicity of DON, epidermoid squamous cell carcinoma cells A431 were compared to primary human neonatal keratinocytes (HEKn) cells via proteome/phosphoproteome profiling. In A431 cells, 10 µM DON significantly down-regulated ribosomal proteins, as well as mitochondrial respiratory chain elements (OXPHOS regulation) and transport proteins (TOMM22; TOMM40; TOMM70A). Mitochondrial impairment was reflected in altered metabolic competence, apparently combined with interference of the lipid biosynthesis machinery. Functional effects on the cell membrane were confirmed by live cell imaging and membrane fluidity assays (0.1–10 µM DON). Moreover, a common denominator for both A431 and HEKn cells was a significant downregulation of the squalene synthase (FDFT1). In sum, proteome alterations could be traced back to the transcription factor Klf4, a crucial regulator of skin barrier function. Overall, these results describe decisive molecular events sustaining the capability of DON to impair skin barrier function. Proteome data generated in the study are fully accessible via ProteomeXchange with the accession numbers PXD011474 and PXD013613.
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Guerrero-Netro HM, Barreta MH, Costa E, Goetten A, Dupras R, Mills L, Koch J, Portela VM, Price CA, Chorfi Y. Effects of the mycotoxin metabolite de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) on embryo development and sperm motility in cattle. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:1180-1187. [PMID: 33140417 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of animal feed with Fusarium spp results in accumulation of mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol. In animals, deoxynivalenol is metabolized to de-epoxy deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), which is generally considered to be a non-toxic metabolite; however, recent studies demonstrated that DOM-1 can reduce steroid production and induce apoptosis in the bovine ovary. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of DOM-1 on applied aspects of reproductive function in cattle, specifically sperm function and embryo development in vitro and follicle growth and superovulatory responses in vivo. The effect of naturally contaminated feed on superovulatory responses was assessed; a dose of 6 ppm deoxynivalenol increased blood DOM-1 concentrations to 20 ng/ml, but this did not alter the number of viable embryos recovered on day 7. However, intrafollicular injection of DOM-1 (100 ng/ml) directly into the growing dominant follicle resulted in cessation of follicular growth over the subsequent 3 days. Treatment with DOM-1 reduced motility of bull spermatozoa over a 10-h period in vitro. Addition of DOM-1 to oocytes in vitro during IVM did not alter rates of cumulus expansion and nuclear maturation, but treatment during IVF reduced the rate of blastocyst formation. These data illustrate that DOM-1 is more biologically active than previously thought and negatively impacted reproductive outcomes in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda M Guerrero-Netro
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculte de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Marcos H Barreta
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal - LAFRA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Costa
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculte de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Andre Goetten
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal - LAFRA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Raynald Dupras
- MediVet Inc. R&D division, MediVet Inc., Notre-Dame-du-Bon-Conseil, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Mills
- MediVet Inc. R&D division, MediVet Inc., Notre-Dame-du-Bon-Conseil, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Koch
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal - LAFRA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valério M Portela
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal - LAFRA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Christopher A Price
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculte de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Younes Chorfi
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculte de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
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Yang M, Wu X, Zhang W, Ye P, Wang Y, Zhu W, Tao Q, Xu Y, Shang J, Zhao D, Ding Y, Yin Z, Zhang X. Transcriptional analysis of deoxynivalenol-induced apoptosis of sow ovarian granulosa cell. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:217-228. [PMID: 31869480 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Litter size is one of the most important economic traits in pig production. Recent studies identified that deoxynivalenol (DON), a widespread toxin in fodder, was associated with animal prolificacy. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been completely elucidated. Here, we used porcine ovary granulosa cells (pGCs) as a vector to establish DON concentration-time models and performed cell morphology and transcriptome analysis to identify and analyse the effects of DON on reproductive performance in swine. The results showed that DON can induce morphological changes and apoptosis of pGCs, while inhibiting cell proliferation. Moreover, these effects of DON on pGCs were dose-dependent. After treatment of pGCs with different concentrations of DON, the percentage of cells in S phase and G2/M phase increased. RNA-seq analyses revealed 5,937 differentially expressed genes, of which 1995 were down-regulated and 3,942 were up-regulated after DON treatment. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated important metabolic pathways such as IL-17 signalling pathway, eukaryotic ribosome synthesis pathway, RNA transport pathway and RNA degradation. Based on our results, we speculate that the effects of DON are related to the DNA damage process. Our study provides novel insights and a foundation to further understand the effect of DON on swine prolificacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Pengfei Ye
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanlang Wang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiangqiang Tao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yiliang Xu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinnan Shang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yueyun Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongjun Yin
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Landry DA, Labrecque R, Grand FX, Vigneault C, Blondin P, Sirard MA. Effect of heifer age on the granulosa cell transcriptome after ovarian stimulation. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:980-990. [PMID: 30447702 DOI: 10.1071/rd17225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic selection is accelerating genetic gain in dairy cattle. Decreasing generation time by using younger gamete donors would further accelerate breed improvement programs. Although ovarian stimulation of peripubertal animals is possible and embryos produced in vitro from the resulting oocytes are viable, developmental competence is lower than when sexually mature cows are used. The aim of the present study was to shed light on how oocyte developmental competence is acquired as a heifer ages. Ten peripubertal Bos taurus Holstein heifers underwent ovarian stimulation cycles at the ages of 8, 11 (mean 10.8) and 14 (mean 13.7) months. Collected oocytes were fertilised in vitro with spermatozoa from the same adult male. Each heifer served as its own control. The transcriptomes of granulosa cells recovered with the oocytes were analysed using microarrays. Differential expression of certain genes was measured using polymerase chain reaction. Principal component analysis of microarray data revealed that the younger the animal, the more distinctive the gene expression pattern. Using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and NetworkAnalyst (www.networkanalyst.ca), the main biological functions affected in younger donors were identified. The results suggest that cell differentiation, inflammation and apoptosis signalling are less apparent in peripubertal donors. Such physiological traits have been associated with a lower basal concentration of LH.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Landry
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Rémi Labrecque
- Boviteq Inc., 19320 Rang Grand Saint Francois Ouest, J2T 5H1, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - François-Xavier Grand
- Boviteq Inc., 19320 Rang Grand Saint Francois Ouest, J2T 5H1, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Vigneault
- Boviteq Inc., 19320 Rang Grand Saint Francois Ouest, J2T 5H1, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Blondin
- Boviteq Inc., 19320 Rang Grand Saint Francois Ouest, J2T 5H1, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, G1V0A6, Canada
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21
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El Khoury D, Fayjaloun S, Nassar M, Sahakian J, Aad PY. Updates on the Effect of Mycotoxins on Male Reproductive Efficiency in Mammals. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E515. [PMID: 31484408 PMCID: PMC6784030 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11090515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are ubiquitous and unavoidable harmful fungal products with the ability to cause disease in both animals and humans, and are found in almost all types of foods, with a greater prevalence in hot humid environments. These mycotoxins vary greatly in structure and biochemical effects; therefore, by better understanding the toxicological and pathological aspects of mycotoxins, we can be better equipped to fight the diseases, as well as the biological and economic devastations, they induce. Multiple studies point to the association between a recent increase in male infertility and the increased occurrence of these mycotoxins in the environment. Furthermore, understanding how mycotoxins may induce an accumulation of epimutations during parental lifetimes can shed light on their implications with respect to fertility and reproductive efficiency. By acknowledging the diversity of mycotoxin molecular function and mode of action, this review aims to address the current limited knowledge on the effects of these chemicals on spermatogenesis and the various endocrine and epigenetics patterns associated with their disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diala El Khoury
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh 2207, Lebanon
| | - Salma Fayjaloun
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh 2207, Lebanon
| | - Marc Nassar
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh 2207, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Sahakian
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh 2207, Lebanon
| | - Pauline Y Aad
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh 2207, Lebanon.
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22
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Tang S, Chen S, Huang B, Jiang J, Wen J, Deng Y. Deoxynivalenol induces inhibition of cell proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Effect of follicle size and atresia grade on mitochondrial membrane potential and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in bovine granulosa cells. ZYGOTE 2018; 26:476-484. [PMID: 30561293 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199418000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
During follicular development, granulosa cells undergo functional and structural changes affecting their steroidogenic activity. Oestrogen synthesis mainly occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and relies on aromatase activity to convert androgens that arise from theca cells. In the present study, indicators of mitochondria-related steroidogenic capacity, as steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein expression and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), have been evaluated in bovine granulosa cells (GCs) and related to follicle growth and atresia. Atresia was estimated by morphological examination of follicle walls and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) and assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay for apoptosis detection. Bovine ovarian follicles were macroscopically classified according to their atresia grade and grouped into small, medium or large follicles. After follicle opening, the COCs were morphologically classified for follicle atresia and the GCs were collected. Granulosa cells were fixed for immunofluorescence (IF) and TUNEL assay, frozen for western blotting (WB) or freshly maintained for MMP analyses. StAR protein expression was assessed using both IF and WB analyses. The follicle atresia grade could be efficiently discriminated based on either follicle wall or COC morphological evaluations. Granulosa cells collected from small non-atretic follicles showed a higher (P <0.01) MMP and WB-based StAR protein expression than small atretic follicles. For IF analysis, StAR protein expression in large atretic follicles was higher (P <0.05) than that in large non-atretic follicles. These results suggest a role played by mitochondria in GC steroidogenic activity, which declines in healthy follicles along with their growth. In large follicles, steroidogenic activity increases with atresia and is possibly associated with progesterone production.
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24
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Lan M, Han J, Pan MH, Wan X, Pan ZN, Sun SC. Melatonin protects against defects induced by deoxynivalenol during mouse oocyte maturation. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12477. [PMID: 29453798 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent fusarium mycotoxins in feedstuff and food. DON causes detrimental effects on human and animal reproductive systems by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, melatonin is a multifunctional endogenous hormone that plays crucial roles in the development of animal germ cells and embryos as a robust deoxidizer. In this study, we explored the effects of melatonin on the DON exposure mouse oocytes. Our in vitro and in vivo results showed that DON adversely affected mouse oocyte maturation and early embryo cleavage, while melatonin administration ameliorated the toxic effects of DON. DON exposure disrupted the meiotic spindle formation and kinetochore-microtubule attachment, which induced aneuploidy in oocytes. This might be through DON effects on the acetylated tubulin level. Moreover, we found that DON exposure caused the alteration of DNA and histone methylation level, which might affect early embryo cleavage. The toxic effects of DON on oocytes might be through its induction of oxidative stress-mediated early apoptosis, while the treatment with melatonin significantly ameliorated these phenotypes in DON-exposed mouse oocytes. Collectively, our results indicated the protection effects of melatonin against defects induced by DON during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Hao Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Jambor T, Greifova H, Kovacik A, Kovacikova E, Tvrda E, Forgacs Z, Massanyi P, Lukac N. Parallel effect of 4-octylphenol and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) alters steroidogenesis, cell viability and ROS production in mice Leydig cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:747-754. [PMID: 29478761 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there is growing incidence of male reproductive malfunctions. It has been documented that numerous environmental contaminants, such as endocrine disruptors (EDs) may adversely affect the reproductive functions of humans as well as wildlife species. The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of 4-octylphenol (4-OP) on the steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells. We evaluated the impact of this endocrine disruptor on the cholesterol levels and hormone secretion in a primary culture. Subsequently, we determined the cell viability and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following 4-OP treatment. Isolated mice Leydig cells were cultured in the presence of different 4-OP concentrations (0.04-5.0 μg/mL) and 1 mM cyclic adenosine-monophosphate during 44 h. Cholesterol levels were determined from the culture medium using photometry. Quantification of steroid secretion was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cell viability was assessed using the metabolic activity assay, while ROS production was assessed by the chemiluminescence technique. Slightly increased cholesterol levels were recorded following exposure to the whole applied range of 4-OP, without significant changes (P>0.05). In contrast, the secretion of steroid hormones, specifically dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, and testosterone was decreased following exposure to 4-OP. Experimental doses of 4-OP did not affect cell viability significantly; however a moderate decrease was recorded following the higher doses (2.5 and 5.0 μg/mL) of 4-OP. Furthermore, relative treatment of 4-OP (5.0 μg/mL) caused a significant (P < 0.001) ROS overproduction in the exposed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Jambor
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Hana Greifova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Anton Kovacik
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Eva Kovacikova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Eva Tvrda
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Zsolt Forgacs
- Independent Researcher, Baross u. 135/AVI/3, H-1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Norbert Lukac
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
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26
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Urbanek KA, Habrowska-Górczyńska DE, Kowalska K, Stańczyk A, Domińska K, Piastowska-Ciesielska AW. Deoxynivalenol as potential modulator of human steroidogenesis. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:1450-1459. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Anna Urbanek
- Laboratory of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Department of Comparative Endocrinology; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
| | | | - Karolina Kowalska
- Laboratory of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Department of Comparative Endocrinology; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
| | - Anna Stańczyk
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
| | - Kamila Domińska
- Department of Comparative Endocrinology; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
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27
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Wu Q, Wang X, Nepovimova E, Miron A, Liu Q, Wang Y, Su D, Yang H, Li L, Kuca K. Trichothecenes: immunomodulatory effects, mechanisms, and anti-cancer potential. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3737-3785. [PMID: 29152681 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paradoxically, trichothecenes have both immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects. The underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored. Early studies show that dose, exposure timing, and the time at which immune function is assessed influence whether trichothecenes act in an immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory fashion. Recent studies suggest that the immunomodulatory function of trichothecenes is also actively shaped by competing cell-survival and death-signaling pathways. Autophagy may also promote trichothecene immunosuppression, although the mechanism may be complicated. Moreover, trichothecenes may generate an "immune evasion" milieu that allows pathogens to escape host and vaccine immune defenses. Some trichothecenes, especially macrocyclic trichothecenes, also potently kill cancer cells. T-2 toxin conjugated with anti-cancer monoclonal antibodies significantly suppresses the growth of thymoma EL-4 cells and colon cancer cells. The type B trichothecene diacetoxyscirpenol specifically inhibits the tumor-promoting factor HIF-1 in cancer cells under hypoxic conditions. Trichothecin markedly inhibits the growth of multiple cancer cells with constitutively activated NF-κB. The type D macrocyclic toxin Verrucarin A is also a promising therapeutic candidate for leukemia, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The anti-cancer activities of trichothecenes have not been comprehensively summarized. Here, we first summarize the data on the immunomodulatory effects of trichothecenes and discuss recent studies that shed light on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. These mechanisms include autophagy and major signaling pathways and their crosstalk. Second, the anti-cancer potential of trichothecenes and the underlying mechanisms will be discussed. We hope that this review will show how trichothecene bioactivities can be exploited to generate therapies against pathogens and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi, Romania
| | - Qianying Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Dongxiao Su
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Hualin Yang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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28
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Guerrero-Netro HM, Estienne A, Chorfi Y, Price CA. The mycotoxin metabolite deepoxy- deoxynivalenol increases apoptosis and decreases steroidogenesis in bovine ovarian theca cells†. Biol Reprod 2017; 97:746-757. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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29
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Han P, Guerrero-Netro H, Estienne A, Cao B, Price CA. Regulation and action of early growth response 1 in bovine granulosa cells. Reproduction 2017; 154:547-557. [PMID: 28733346 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) modify cell proliferation and differentiation through receptor tyrosine kinases, which stimulate the expression of transcription factors including members of the early growth response (EGR) family. In ovarian granulosa cells, most FGFs activate typical response genes, although the role of EGR proteins has not been described. In the present study, we determined the regulation of EGR mRNA by FGFs and explored the role of EGR1 in the regulation of FGF-response genes. Addition of FGF1, FGF2, FGF4 or FGF8b increased EGR1 and EGR3 mRNA levels, whereas FGF18 increased only EGR1 mRNA abundance. No mRNA encoding EGR2 or EGR4 was detected. Overexpression of EGR1 increased EGR3 mRNA levels as well as the FGF-response genes SPRY2, NR4A1 and FOSL1 and also increased the phosphorylation of MAPK3/1. Knockdown of EGR3 did not alter the ability of FGF8b to stimulate SPRY2 mRNA levels. These data demonstrate the regulation of EGR1 and EGR3 mRNA abundance by FGFs in granulosa cells and suggest that EGR1 is likely an upstream component of FGF signaling in granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF)Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hilda Guerrero-Netro
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF)Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony Estienne
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF)Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Binyun Cao
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Christopher A Price
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité (CRRF)Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Albonico M, Schutz LF, Caloni F, Cortinovis C, Spicer LJ. In vitro effects of the Fusarium mycotoxins fumonisin B1 and beauvericin on bovine granulosa cell proliferation and steroid production. Toxicon 2017; 128:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shin H, Seol DW, Nam M, Song H, Lee DR, Lim HJ. Expression of Egr3 in mouse gonads and its localization and function in oocytes. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 30:781-787. [PMID: 28002932 PMCID: PMC5411840 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective The early growth response (Egr) family consists of four members (Egr1, Egr2, Egr3, and Egr4) that are zinc finger transcription factors. Among them, Egr3 is involved in transcriptional regulation of target genes during muscle spindle formation and neurite outgrowth. We previously showed that the immunoreactive Egr3 is localized on oocyte spindle and accumulate near the microtubule organizing center during meiosis I in mice. Egr3 was also shown to be localized on spermatocytes. We herein investigated if Egr3 is expressed in mouse gonads and if Egr3 blockade results in any defect in oocyte maturation. Methods Expression of Egr3 in mouse gonads was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Full-length Egr3 and truncated Egr3 (ΔEgr3) complementary RNAs (cRNAs) with Xpress tag at N-terminus and DsRed2 at C-terminus, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Egr3 were microinjected into mouse oocytes at germinal vesicle stage. Localization of microinjected Egr3 was examined by confocal live imaging and immunofluorescence staining. Results Egr3 mRNA was detected in mouse ovaries and testes from 1 to 4 week-old mice. An uncharacterized longer transcript containing 5′untranslated region was also detected in 3 and 4 week-old gonads. Microinjected Xpress-Egr3-DsRed2 or Xpress-ΔEgr3-DsRed2 localized to nuclei and chromosomes during meiotic progression. Microinjection of these cRNAs or Egr3 siRNA in oocytes did not affect meiotic maturation. Immunofluorescence staining of Egr3 in Xpress-ΔEgr3-DsRed2-injected oocytes showed a positive signal only on meiotic spindle, suggesting that this antibody does not detect endogenous or exogenous Egr3 in mouse oocytes. Conclusion The results show that Egr3 localizes to chromosomes during meiotic progression and that certain antibodies may not faithfully represent localization of target proteins in oocytes. Egr3 seems to be dispensable during oocyte maturation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dong-Won Seol
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13884, Korea
| | - Minyeong Nam
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13884, Korea
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13884, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Jade Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Gerez JR, Desto SS, Bracarense APFRL. Deoxynivalenol induces toxic effects in the ovaries of pigs: An ex vivo approach. Theriogenology 2016; 90:94-100. [PMID: 28166994 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a frequently found trichothecene mycotoxin that elicits toxic effects on humans and animals. In pigs, DON induces changes in digestive and immune systems. Effects on the reproductive system are scarce and mainly based in in vitro models. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using an ex vivo model, the effects of DON on the morphology of ovaries of pigs in all stages of follicular development. Six 5-month-old pigs were used for sampling the explants. Thirty-six explants were incubated for 48 hours in culture medium (n = 18) or medium containing 10 μM of DON (n = 18). After the incubation period, the explants were submitted to histologic and immunohistochemical (proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA] expression) analysis. Histologic changes were scored, and a lesional score was established. Oocytes and follicular cells immunostained for PCNA were counted. Explants exposed to DON showed a significant increase in the lesional score (P = 0.0004) compared to control explants. The main histologic changes were degeneration of oocytes and granulosa cells, interstitial edema and pyknotic cells. DON induced a reduction in the number of normal follicles in all stages of follicular development: primordial (P = 0.005), primary (P = 0.04), and growing follicles (P = 0.04) compared to control group. Deoxynivalenol also induced a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the number of pyknotic oocytes in all stages of follicular development; however, no significant change in PCNA expression in oocytes or follicular cells was observed. These results indicated that DON induces toxic effects on the ovaries, affecting follicular development and interfering with reproductive parameters on pigs. Also, the present data indicate that ovarian explants are an adequate model for assessing reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Rubira Gerez
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Stela Silva Desto
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Han J, Wang QC, Zhu CC, Liu J, Zhang Y, Cui XS, Kim NH, Sun SC. Deoxynivalenol exposure induces autophagy/apoptosis and epigenetic modification changes during porcine oocyte maturation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 300:70-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li L, Wu J, Luo M, Sun Y, Wang G. The effect of heat stress on gene expression, synthesis of steroids, and apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:467-75. [PMID: 26847372 PMCID: PMC4837181 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Summer heat stress (HS) is a major contributing factor in low fertility in lactating dairy cows in hot environments. Heat stress inhibits ovarian follicular development leading to diminished reproductive efficiency of dairy cows during summer. Ovarian follicle development is a complex process. During follicle development, granulosa cells (GCs) replicate, secrete hormones, and support the growth of the oocyte. To obtain an overview of the effects of heat stress on GCs, digital gene expression profiling was employed to screen and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs; false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.001, fold change ≥2) of cultured GCs during heat stress. A total of 1211 DEGs including 175 upregulated and 1036 downregulated ones were identified, of which DEGs can be classified into Gene Ontology (GO) categories and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The results suggested that heat stress triggers a dramatic and complex program of altered gene expression in GCs. We hypothesized that heat stress could induce the apoptosis and dysfunction of GCs. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of steroidogenic genes (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star), cytochrome P-450 (CYP11A1), CYP19A1, and steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1)) and apoptosis-related genes (caspase-3, BCL-2, and BAX). Radio immunoassay (RIA) was used to analyze the level of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). We also assessed the apoptosis of GCs by flow cytometry. Our data suggested that heat stress induced GC apoptosis through the BAX/BCL-2 pathway and reduced the steroidogenic gene messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and E2 synthesis. These results suggest that the decreased function of GCs may cause ovarian dysfunction and offer an improved understanding of the molecular mechanism responsible for the low fertility in cattle in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Genlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Prevention of deoxynivalenol- and zearalenone-associated oxidative stress does not restore MA-10 Leydig cell functions. Toxicology 2016; 341-343:17-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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