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Glaser T, Martins P, Beco R, Bento CA, Cappellari AR, La Banca Oliveira S, Merkel CA, Arnaud-Sampaio VF, Lameu C, Battastini AM, Ulrich H. Impairment of adenosine signaling disrupts early embryo development: unveiling the underlying mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1328398. [PMID: 38313072 PMCID: PMC10834787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1328398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling has been implicated in many biological functions, including development. In this study, we investigate the functions of extracellular adenosine and adenosine receptors using a mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) line and morula stages isolated from mouse embryos. Feeder-free mouse ESC was investigated in the absence and presence of the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), configuring undifferentiated cells and cells undergoing spontaneous differentiation. High alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) and low CD73 levels resulting in low adenosine (eADO) levels were characteristic for pluripotent cells in the presence of the LIF, while LIF deprivation resulted in augmented adenosine levels and reduced pluripotency marker expression, which indicated differentiation. Tracing ESC proliferation by BrdU labeling revealed that the inhibition of ALPL by levamisole resulted in a decrease in proliferation due to less eADO accumulation. Furthermore, caffeine and levamisole treatment, inhibiting adenosine receptor and eADO accumulation, respectively, reduced ESC migration, similar to that observed in the absence of the LIF. Pharmacological approaches of selective adenosine receptor subtype inhibition triggered specific adenosine receptor activities, thus triggering calcium or MAP kinase pathways leading to differentiation. In line with the in vitro data, mouse embryos at the morula stage were sensitive to treatments with A1 and A3 receptor antagonists, leading to the conclusion that A1 receptor and A3 receptor inhibition impairs proliferation and self-renewal and triggers inappropriate differentiation, respectively. The findings herein define the functions of eADO signaling in early development with implications for developmental disorders, in which adenosine receptors or ectonucleotidase dysfunctions are involved, and which could lead to malformations and miscarriages, due to exposure to caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Glaser
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SãoPaulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Martins
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SãoPaulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Beco
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SãoPaulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Adriane Bento
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SãoPaulo, Brazil
| | - Angelica R. Cappellari
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Christian Albert Merkel
- Department of Health (São Paulo—State), Medical School of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP), SãoPaulo, Brazil
| | | | - Claudiana Lameu
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SãoPaulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Battastini
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SãoPaulo, Brazil
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Yousefi Taemeh S, Dehdilani N, Goshayeshi L, Rival-Gervier S, Mehrzad J, Pain B, Dehghani H. Study of the regulatory elements of the Ovalbumin gene promoter using CRISPR technology in chicken cells. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:46. [PMID: 37461059 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormone-dependent promoters are very efficient in transgene expression. Plasmid-based reporter assays have identified regulatory sequences of the Ovalbumin promoter that are involved in response to estrogen and have shown that the deletion of the steroid-dependent regulatory element (SDRE) and negative regulatory element (NRE) leads to a steroid-independent expression of a reporter. However, the functional roles of these regulatory elements within the native genomic context of the Ovalbumin promoter have not been evaluated. RESULTS In this study, we show that the negative effects of the NRE element on the Ovalbumin gene can be counteracted by CRISPR interference. We also show that the CRISPR-mediated deletion of SDRE and NRE promoter elements in a non-oviduct cell can lead to the significant expression of the Ovalbumin gene. In addition, the targeted knock-in of a transgene reporter in the Ovalbumin coding region and its expression confirms that the truncated promoter of the Ovalbumin gene can be efficiently used for an estrogen-independent expression of a foreign gene. CONCLUSIONS The methodology applied in this paper allowed the study of promoter regulatory sequences in their native nuclear organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Yousefi Taemeh
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nima Dehdilani
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lena Goshayeshi
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sylvie Rival-Gervier
- Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM, INRAE, U1208, USC1361, Bron, 69500, France
| | - Jalil Mehrzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bertrand Pain
- Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM, INRAE, U1208, USC1361, Bron, 69500, France
| | - Hesam Dehghani
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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Dehghani H. Regulation of Chromatin Organization in Cell Stemness: The Emerging Role of Long Non-coding RNAs. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2042-2053. [PMID: 34181184 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin is organized as chromosome territories in the nucleus of an interphase cell. The cell-type- and cell-state-specific organization of chromatin including the location, volume, compaction level, and spatial arrangement of chromosome territories are the major determinants of genome function. In addition, in response to different signaling stimuli and regulatory cues, it is the dynamic adaptation of chromatin structure that establishes and organizes transcriptional programs. It is known that varying levels of stemness are defined by gene regulatory networks. Accordingly, chromatin is the main milieu to host the transcriptional programs and gene regulatory networks responsible for the stemness status of a cell. In this review, our current understanding of the spatial organization of chromatin and the ways by which it defines stemness are discussed. In particular, the role of lncRNAs that regulate and affect chromatin organization and stemness properties are delineated. These roles can be categorized into the topics of specific binding to and epigenetic regulation of the promoter of pluripotency genes, their interaction with transcription factors, coordinating the intra- and inter-chromosomal looping of pluripotency-related genes, and their RNA-independent functions. This review brings together the results of studies that have begun to clarify the emerging roles of lncRNAs in the regulation of chromatin organization adapted for stemness and cancer plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Dehghani
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Chen N, Huang Y, Huang S. Phase separation of Arabidopsis EMB1579 controls transcription, mRNA splicing, and development. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000782. [PMID: 32692742 PMCID: PMC7413564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight regulation of gene transcription and mRNA splicing is essential for plant growth and development. Here we demonstrate that a plant-specific protein, EMBRYO DEFECTIVE 1579 (EMB1579), controls multiple growth and developmental processes in Arabidopsis. We demonstrate that EMB1579 forms liquid-like condensates both in vitro and in vivo, and the formation of normal-sized EMB1579 condensates is crucial for its cellular functions. We found that some chromosomal and RNA-related proteins interact with EMB1579 compartments, and loss of function of EMB1579 affects global gene transcription and mRNA splicing. Using floral transition as a physiological process, we demonstrate that EMB1579 is involved in FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC)-mediated repression of flowering. Interestingly, we found that EMB1579 physically interacts with a homologue of Drosophila nucleosome remodeling factor 55-kDa (p55) called MULTIPLE SUPPRESSOR OF IRA 4 (MSI4), which has been implicated in repressing the expression of FLC by forming a complex with DNA Damage Binding Protein 1 (DDB1) and Cullin 4 (CUL4). This complex, named CUL4-DDB1MSI4, physically associates with a CURLY LEAF (CLF)-containing Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (CLF-PRC2). We further demonstrate that EMB1579 interacts with CUL4 and DDB1, and EMB1579 condensates can recruit and condense MSI4 and DDB1. Furthermore, emb1579 phenocopies msi4 in terms of the level of H3K27 trimethylation on FLC. This allows us to propose that EMB1579 condensates recruit and condense CUL4-DDB1MSI4 complex, which facilitates the interaction of CUL4-DDB1MSI4 with CLF-PRC2 and promotes the role of CLF-PRC2 in establishing and/or maintaining the level of H3K27 trimethylation on FLC. Thus, we report a new mechanism for regulating plant gene transcription, mRNA splicing, and growth and development. This study reveals that a plant-specific protein, EMB1579, controls multiple growth and developmental processes in Arabidopsis thaliana by regulating gene transcription and mRNA splicing through the formation of liquid-like droplets via liquid-liquid phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Zhang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhankun Li
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Naizhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanjin Huang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Yang YC, Tsai CY, Chen CL, Kuo CH, Hou CW, Cheng SY, Aneja R, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Pkcδ Activation is Involved in ROS-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes Exposed to Advanced Glycation End Products (Ages). Aging Dis 2018; 9:647-663. [PMID: 30090653 PMCID: PMC6065295 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic patients exhibit serum AGE accumulation, which is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and diabetic cardiomyopathy. ROS-induced PKCδ activation is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in human cells. However, the role of PKCδ in cardiac and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by AGE in diabetes is still unclear. AGE-BSA-treated cardiac cells showed dose- and time-dependent cell apoptosis, ROS generation, and selective PKCδ activation, which were reversed by NAC and rotenone. Similar tendency was also observed in diabetic and obese animal hearts. Furthermore, enhanced apoptosis and reduced survival signaling by AGE-BSA or PKCδ-WT transfection were reversed by kinase-deficient (KD) of PKCδ transfection or PKCδ inhibitor, respectively, indicating that AGE-BSA-induced cardiomyocyte death is PKCδ-dependent. Increased levels of mitochondrial mass as well as mitochondrial fission by AGE-BSA or PKCδ activator were reduced by rottlerin, siPKCδ or KD transfection, indicating that the AGE-BSA-induced mitochondrial damage is PKCδ-dependent. Using super-resolution microscopy, we confirmed that PKCδ colocalized with mitochondria. Interestingly, the mitochondrial functional analysis by Seahorse XF-24 flux analyzer showed similar results. Our findings indicated that cardiac PKCδ activation mediates AGE-BSA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via ROS production and may play a key role in the development of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in rats with diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Chih Yang
- 1Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Tsai
- 2Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan.,3School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lin Chen
- 4Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- 5Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.,6Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Hou
- 5Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yann Cheng
- 7Department of Medical Education and Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan.,8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University An Nan Hospital, Taiwan.,9Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ritu Aneja
- 10Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- 11Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- 1Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taiwan
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Li Y, Simonds WF. Endocrine neoplasms in familial syndromes of hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:R229-47. [PMID: 27207564 PMCID: PMC4917437 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Familial syndromes of hyperparathyroidism, including multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A), and the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor (HPT-JT), comprise 2-5% of primary hyperparathyroidism cases. Familial syndromes of hyperparathyroidism are also associated with a range of endocrine and nonendocrine tumors, including potential malignancies. Complications of the associated neoplasms are the major causes of morbidities and mortalities in these familial syndromes, e.g., parathyroid carcinoma in HPT-JT syndrome; thymic, bronchial, and enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in MEN1; and medullary thyroid cancer and pheochromocytoma in MEN2A. Because of the different underlying mechanisms of neoplasia, these familial tumors may have different characteristics compared with their sporadic counterparts. Large-scale clinical trials are frequently lacking due to the rarity of these diseases. With technological advances and the development of new medications, the natural history, diagnosis, and management of these syndromes are also evolving. In this article, we summarize the recent knowledge on endocrine neoplasms in three familial hyperparathyroidism syndromes, with an emphasis on disease characteristics, molecular pathogenesis, recent developments in biochemical and radiological evaluation, and expert opinions on surgical and medical therapies. Because these familial hyperparathyroidism syndromes are associated with a wide variety of tumors in different organs, this review is focused on those endocrine neoplasms with malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- Metabolic Diseases BranchNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
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7
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Yang QE, Ozawa M, Zhang K, Johnson SE, Ealy AD. The requirement for protein kinase C delta (PRKCD) during preimplantation bovine embryo development. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 28:482-90. [DOI: 10.1071/rd14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) delta (PRKCD) is a member of the novel PKC subfamily that regulates gene expression in bovine trophoblast cells. Additional functions for PRKCD in early embryonic development in cattle have not been fully explored. The objectives of this study were to describe the expression profile of PRKCD mRNA in bovine embryos and to examine its biological roles during bovine embryo development. Both PRKCD mRNA and protein are present throughout early embryo development and increases in mRNA abundance are evident at morula and blastocyst stages. Phosphorylation patterns are consistent with detection of enzymatically active PRKCD in bovine embryos. Exposure to a pharmacological inhibitor (rottlerin) during early embryonic development prevented development beyond the eight- to 16-cell stage. Treatment at or after the 16-cell stage reduced blastocyst development rates, total blastomere numbers and inner cell mass-to-trophoblast cell ratio. Exposure to the inhibitor also decreased basal interferon tau (IFNT) transcript abundance and abolished fibroblast growth factor-2 induction of IFNT expression. Furthermore, trophoblast adhesion and proliferation was compromised in hatched blastocysts. These observations provide novel insights into PRKCD mRNA expression profiles in bovine embryos and provide evidence for PRKCD-dependent regulation of embryonic development, gene expression and post-hatching events.
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8
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Ma W, Baumann C, Viveiros MM. Lack of protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ) disrupts fertilization and embryonic development. Mol Reprod Dev 2015. [PMID: 26202826 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the function of protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) during fertilization and embryonic development using gene-knockout (Prkcd(-/-)) mice. Fertility analysis revealed that Prkcd(-/-) mating pairs produce significantly fewer pups per litter than wild-type pairs (P < 0.05), and exhibit a high incidence of embryonic loss post-implantation. Both Prkcd(-/-) male as well as Prkcd(-/-) female mice mated to Prkcd(+/+) controls also showed reduced litter sizes, with a selective loss of Prkcd-null pups. Further analysis of the females demonstrated comparable in vitro fertilization outcomes between control and Prkcd(-/-) oocytes fertilized with wild-type sperm. Pregnant Prkcd(-/-) females, however, exhibited a reduced number of total implantations, suggesting a possible disruption in early embryo quality and/or implantation. In turn, male gamete analysis revealed that Prkcd(-/-) sperm demonstrated a decreased capacity to penetrate the zona pellucida (P < 0.05), necessary for successful fertilization. Moreover, we identified phosphorylated PKCδ as a component of the sperm acrosome, indicating a potential role for this kinase in acrosome exocytosis. Therefore, loss of PKCδ disrupts key reproductive functions in both males and females that limit fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia
| | - Claudia Baumann
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia
| | - Maria M Viveiros
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia
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9
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McGuire JL, Hammond JH, Yates SD, Chen D, Haroutunian V, Meador-Woodruff JH, McCullumsmith RE. Altered serine/threonine kinase activity in schizophrenia. Brain Res 2014; 1568:42-54. [PMID: 24780530 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Converging evidence implicates alterations in multiple signaling pathways in the etiology of schizophrenia. Previously, these studies were limited to the analysis of one or a few phosphoproteins at a time. Here, we use a novel kinase array platform to simultaneously investigate the convergence of multiple signaling cascades implicated in schizophrenia. This technology uses consensus peptide substrates to assess activity levels of a large number (>100) of serine/threonine protein kinases. 19 peptide substrates were differentially phosphorylated (>15% change) in the frontal cortex in schizophrenia. These peptide substrates were examined using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to group them according to the functions and to identify processes most likely affected in schizophrenia. Pathway analysis placed 14 of the 19 peptides into cellular homeostatic pathways, 10 into pathways governing cytoskeletal organization, and 8 into pathways governing ion homeostasis. These data are the first to simultaneously investigate comprehensive changes in signaling cascades in a severe psychiatric disorder. The examination of kinase activity in signaling pathways may facilitate the identification of novel substrates for drug discovery and the development of safer and more effective pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - John H Hammond
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Stefani D Yates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Dongquan Chen
- Division of Preventative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - James H Meador-Woodruff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Kalive M, Faust JJ, Koeneman BA, Capco DG. Involvement of the PKC family in regulation of early development. Mol Reprod Dev 2009; 77:95-104. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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11
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Dehghani H, Hahnel AC. Expression profile of protein kinase C isozymes in preimplantation mouse development. Reproduction 2006; 130:441-51. [PMID: 16183862 DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the preimplantation mouse embryo, the protein kinase C (PKC) family has been implicated in regulation of egg activation, progression of meiotic and mitotic cell cycles, embryo compaction, and blastulation, but the involvement of the individual isozymes is largely unknown. Here, using semiquantitative immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy we analyze the relative amount and subcellular distribution of ten isozymes of PKC (alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma, delta, epsilon, eta, theta, zeta, iota/lambda) and a PKC-anchoring protein, receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (RACK1). Our results show that all of these isoforms of PKC are present between the two-cell and blastocyst stages of mouse preimplantation development, and that each has a distinct, dynamic pattern and level of expression. The data suggest that different complements of the isozymes are involved in various steps of preimplantation development, and will serve as a framework for further functional studies of the individual isozymes. In particular, there was a transient increase in the nuclear concentration of several isozymes at the early four-cell stage, suggesting that some of the PKC isozymes might be involved in regulation of nuclear organization and function in the early mouse embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Dehghani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1 Canada
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