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Carvalho J, Yadav S, Garrido-Maestu A, Azinheiro S, Trujillo I, Barros-Velázquez J, Prado M. Evaluation of simple sequence repeats (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based methods in olive varieties from the Northwest of Spain and potential for miniaturization. FOOD CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2021; 3:100038. [PMID: 35415648 PMCID: PMC8991621 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2021.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SSR- and SNP-based methods were evaluated for the identification of olive varieties. SNP identification was performed for the first time for two autochthonous varieties. The potential for future miniaturization of the genotyping methods was evaluated. Allele-specific PCR provided the best results for the tested olive varieties.
Miniaturization of DNA-based techniques can bring interesting advantages for food analysis, such as portability of complex analytical procedures. In the olive oil industry, miniaturization can be particularly interesting for authenticity and traceability applications, through in situ control of raw materials before production and/or the final products. However, variety identification is challenging, and implementation on miniaturized settings must be carefully evaluated, starting from the selected analytical approach. In this work, SSR- and SNP-based genotyping strategies were investigated for the identification and differentiation of two olive varieties from the Northwest of Spain. For the selected SNPs two genotyping methods were tested: real-time allele-specific PCR and high resolution melting analysis. These methods were compared and evaluated regarding their potential for integration in a microfluidic device. Both SNP-based methods proved to be successful for identification of the selected varieties, however real-time allele-specific PCR was the one that achieved the best results when analyzing mixtures, allowing the identification of both monovarietal samples and mixtures of the varieties tested with up to 25%.
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Sweet-Jones J, Yurchenko AA, Igoshin AV, Yudin NS, Swain MT, Larkin DM. Resequencing and signatures of selection scan in two Siberian native sheep breeds point to candidate genetic variants for adaptation and economically important traits. Anim Genet 2020; 52:126-131. [PMID: 33107621 DOI: 10.1111/age.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Russian sheep breeds represent an important economic asset by providing meat and wool, whilst being adapted to extreme climates. By resequencing two Russian breeds from Siberia: Tuva (n = 20) and Baikal (n = 20); and comparing them with a European (UK) sheep outgroup (n = 14), 41 million variants were called, and signatures of selection were identified. High-frequency missense mutations on top of selection peaks were found in genes related to immunity (LOC101109746) in the Baikal breed and wool traits (IDUA), cell differentiation (GLIS1) and fat deposition (AADACL3) in the Tuva breed. In addition, genes found under selection owing to haplotype frequency changes were related to wool traits (DSC2), parasite resistance (CLCA1), insulin receptor pathway (SOCS6) and DNA repair (DDB2) in the Baikal breed, and vision (GPR179) in the Tuva breed. Our results present candidate genes and SNPs for future selection programmes, which are necessary to maintain and increase socioeconomic gain from Siberian breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sweet-Jones
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - A A Yurchenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - A V Igoshin
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - N S Yudin
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - M T Swain
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of Aberystwyth, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - D M Larkin
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, NW1 0TU, UK.,The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Shabir N, Jawale CV, Chikan NA, Bhong CD, Rank DN, Joshi CG. Identification of transition bias in oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 gene in buffalo. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.135-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Exploration of deleterious single nucleotide polymorphisms in the components of human P bodies: An in silico approach. Gene 2013; 528:360-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Agarwal G, Jhanwar S, Priya P, Singh VK, Saxena MS, Parida SK, Garg R, Tyagi AK, Jain M. Comparative analysis of kabuli chickpea transcriptome with desi and wild chickpea provides a rich resource for development of functional markers. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52443. [PMID: 23300670 PMCID: PMC3531472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important crop legume plant with high nutritional value. The transcriptomes of desi and wild chickpea have already been sequenced. In this study, we sequenced the transcriptome of kabuli chickpea, C. arietinum (genotype ICCV2), having higher commercial value, using GS-FLX Roche 454 and Illumina technologies. The assemblies of both Roche 454 and Illumina datasets were optimized using various assembly programs and parameters. The final optimized hybrid assembly generated 43,389 transcripts with an average length of 1065 bp and N50 length of 1653 bp representing 46.2 Mb of kabuli chickpea transcriptome. We identified a total of 5409 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in these transcript sequences. Among these, at least 130 and 493 SSRs were polymorphic with desi (ICC4958) and wild (PI489777) chickpea, respectively. In addition, a total of 1986 and 37,954 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were predicted in kabuli/desi and kabuli/wild genotypes, respectively. The SNP frequency was 0.043 SNP per kb for kabuli/desi and 0.821 SNP per kb for kabuli/wild, reflecting very low genetic diversity in chickpea. Further, SSRs and SNPs present in tissue-specific and transcription factor encoding transcripts have been identified. The experimental validation of a selected set of polymorphic SSRs and SNPs exhibited high intra-specific polymorphism potential between desi and kabuli chickpea, suggesting their utility in large-scale genotyping applications. The kabuli chickpea gene index assembled, and SSRs and SNPs identified in this study will serve as useful genomic resource for genetic improvement of chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Agarwal
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Shalu Jhanwar
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Pushp Priya
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Vikash K. Singh
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Maneesha S. Saxena
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Swarup K. Parida
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Rohini Garg
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Akhilesh K. Tyagi
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Jain
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Hendre PS, Kamalakannan R, Varghese M. High-throughput and parallel SNP discovery in selected candidate genes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis using Illumina NGS platform. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2012; 10:646-56. [PMID: 22607345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized the pace and scale of genomics- and transcriptomics-based SNP discovery across different plant and animal species. Herein, 72-base paired-end Illumina sequencing was employed for high-throughput, parallel and large-scale SNP discovery in 41 growth-related candidate genes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Approximately 100 kb of genome from 96 individuals was amplified and sequenced using a hierarchical DNA/PCR pooling strategy and assembled over corresponding E. grandis reference. A total of 1191 SNPs (minimum 5% other allele frequency) were identified with an average frequency of 1 SNP/83.9 bp, whereas in exons and introns, it was 1 SNP/108.4 bp and 1 SNP/65.6 bp, respectively. A total of 75 insertions and 89 deletions were detected of which approximately 15% were exonic. Transitions (Tr) were in excess than transversions (Tv) (Tr/Tv: 1.89), but exceeded in exons (Tr/Tv: 2.73). In exons, synonymous SNPs (Ka) prevailed over the non-synonymous SNPs (Ks; average Ka/Ks ratio: 0.72, range: 0-3.00 across genes). Many of the exonic SNPs/indels had potential to change amino acid sequence of respective genes. Transcription factors appeared more conserved, whereas enzyme coding genes appeared under relaxed control. Further, 541 SNPs were classified into 196 'equal frequency' (EF) blocks with almost similar minor allele frequencies to facilitate selection of one tag-SNP/EF-block. There were 241 (approximately 20%) 'zero-SNP' blocks with absence of SNPs in surrounding ±60 bp windows. The data thus indicated enormous extant and unexplored diversity in E. camaldulensis in the studied genes with potential applications for marker-trait associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad S Hendre
- ITC R&D Centre, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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Relative mutation rates of each nucleotide for another estimated from allele frequency spectra at human gene loci. Genet Res (Camb) 2009; 91:293-303. [PMID: 19640324 DOI: 10.1017/s0016672309990164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to comprehensively examine the mutation rates of one base for another in human gene loci. In contrast to most previous efforts based on divergence data from untranscribed regions, the present study employs the basic theory of the reversible recurrent mutation model using large-scale, high-quality re-sequencing data from public databases of gene loci. Population mutation parameters (4Nnu and 4Nmu) are obtained for each pair of base substitutions. The estimated parameters show good strand reversal symmetry, supporting the existence of mutation-drift equilibrium. Analysis of specific gene regions including mRNA, coding sequence (CDS), 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTRs), 3'-UTR and intron shows that there are clear differences in the mutation rates of each base for another depending on the location of the base in question. Results from analyses that take the adjacent bases into account exhibit excellent strand reversal symmetry, confirming that the identity of an adjacent base influences mutation rates. The CpG to TpG (or CpG to CpA) substitution is found at a rate approximately seven-fold higher than the reverse transition in intron regions due to cytosine deamination, but the effect is strongly reduced in mRNA regions and almost entirely lost in 5'-UTRs. However, from the overall increased transitions in sites other than CpGs and the proportion of CpGs in the total sequence, CpG methylation is not the main factor responsible for the increased rate of transitions as compared with transversions. In this report, after adjusting average mutation rates to the sequence compositions, no substitution bias is found between A+T and C+G, indicating base composition equilibrium in human gene loci. Population differences are also identified between groups of people of African and European descent, presumably due to past population histories. By applying the basic theory of population genetics to re-sequenced data, this study contributes new, detailed information regarding mutations in human gene regions.
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Ciobanu DC, Bastiaansen JWM, Magrin J, Rocha JL, Jiang DH, Yu N, Geiger B, Deeb N, Rocha D, Gong H, Kinghorn BP, Plastow GS, van der Steen HAM, Mileham AJ. A major SNP resource for dissection of phenotypic and genetic variation in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Anim Genet 2009; 41:39-47. [PMID: 19799596 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01961.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioinformatics and re-sequencing approaches were used for the discovery of sequence polymorphisms in Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 1221 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in a pool of individuals from various commercial populations. A set of 211 SNPs were selected for further molecular validation and 88% showed variation in 637 samples representing three commercial breeding lines. An association analysis was performed between these markers and several traits of economic importance for shrimp producers including resistance to three major viral diseases. A small number of SNPs showed associations with test weekly gain, grow-out survival and resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus. Very low levels of linkage disequilibrium were revealed between most SNP pairs, with only 11% of SNPs showing an r(2)-value above 0.10 with at least one other SNP. Comparison of allele frequencies showed small changes over three generations of the breeding programme in one of the commercial breeding populations. This unique SNP resource has the potential to catalyse future studies of genetic dissection of complex traits, tracing relationships in breeding programmes, and monitoring genetic diversity in commercial and wild populations of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Ciobanu
- Sygen International Plc, Franklin, KY 42134, USA.
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