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Lu T, Abdalla Gibril BA, Xu J, Xiong X. Unraveling the Genetic Foundations of Broiler Meat Quality: Advancements in Research and Their Impact. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:746. [PMID: 38927682 PMCID: PMC11202585 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As societal progress elevates living standards, the focus on meat consumption has shifted from quantity to quality. In broiler production, optimizing meat quality has become paramount, prompting efforts to refine various meat attributes. Recent advancements in sequencing technologies have revealed the genome's complexity, surpassing previous conceptions. Through experimentation, numerous genetic elements have been linked to crucial meat quality traits in broiler chickens. This review synthesizes the current understanding of genetic determinants associated with meat quality attributes in broilers. Researchers have unveiled the pivotal insights detailed herein by employing diverse genomic methodologies such as QTL-based investigations, candidate gene studies, single-nucleotide polymorphism screening, genome-wide association studies, and RNA sequencing. These studies have identified numerous genes involved in broiler meat quality traits, including meat lightness (COL1A2 and ACAA2), meat yellowness (BCMO1 and GDPD5), fiber diameter (myostatin and LncIRS1), meat pH (PRDX4), tenderness (CAPN1), and intramuscular fat content (miR-24-3p and ANXA6). Consequently, a comprehensive exploration of these genetic elements is imperative to devise novel molecular markers and potential targets, promising to revolutionize strategies for enhancing broiler meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xinwei Xiong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetic Improvement, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330032, China
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Paternal Dietary Methionine Supplementation Improves Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Chicken Progeny. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020325. [PMID: 33525477 PMCID: PMC7911529 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects that maternal dietary methionine have on progeny have been reported on broilers. However, the paternal effects are not known, so the current study was conducted to explore the influences of paternal dietary methionine (Met) have on progeny carcass traits, meat quality, and related gene expressions. A total of 192 hens and 24 roosters from Ross parent stock at 36 weeks of age were selected. From week 37 to 46, the roosters were allocated to two groups with three replicates of 4 cocks each, (control, 0.28% Met), and methionine group (MET group, 0.28% Met + 0.1% coated Met). The results revealed that, although the heavier live body weight in progeny at day 49 of control group compared to MET group (p < 0.05), the relative eviscerated yield and relative thigh muscle yield were higher in MET group (p < 0.05); but the relative abdominal fat was lower (p < 0.05). In thigh and breast muscles, a positive response of pH24 h value, shear force (g) and drip loss (%) were observed in MET group (p < 0.05). The lightness (L) and redness (a) were increased (p < 0.05) in breast muscles of MET group, while only the redness (a*24 h) and yellowness (b*24 h) were increased (p < 0.05) in thigh muscles of MET group. The gender has a significant (p < 0.05) effect on carcass traits and muscle redness (a*), where these traits improved in males, and no interaction between treatments and gender were observed for these results. The expression levels of PRKAG2 and PRDX4 supported the changes in muscle pH, with these up-regulated in thigh and breast muscles of MET group, the PPP1R3A gene supported the changes in pH value being down-regulated (p < 0.01) in these same muscles. The BCO1 gene expression was consistent with the changes in meat color and was up-regulated (p < 0.01) in thigh muscles of MET group, consistent with the changes in b* color values. Finally, it was concluded that the supplementation of 0.1% Met to rooster diets could improve carcass characteristics and meat quality of progeny.
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Liu R, Tan X, Zhao G, Chen Y, Zhao D, Li W, Zheng M, Wen J. Maternal dietary methionine supplementation influences egg production and the growth performance and meat quality of the offspring. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3550-3556. [PMID: 32616251 PMCID: PMC7597828 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary coated methionine (Met) on egg production and the quality, growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of the offspring. In total, 288 female Ross parental chickens were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 3 replicates of 32 chickens each. From week 37 to 46, the hens of different groups were fed diets containing low (0.27% Met), adequate (0.27% Met + 0.1% coated Met) (AM), and high (0.27% Met + 0.2% coated Met) (HM) Met. There was a positive response in laying rate and albumen weight in AM and HM groups. For the offspring at market age, BW, eviscerated weight, and muscle weight were increased in the AM group (P < 0.05), whereas excessive supplementation was proven to be negative with those traits. The meat quality (color, pH, and shear force) of breast muscle was significantly influenced by different supplementation levels. The lightness and yellowness were increased in the HM group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively), and redness was decreased in the AM group (P < 0.05). A lower pH value occurred in chickens of the HM group (P < 0.05). The expressions of meat quality–related genes were altered in the supplementation groups. The pH-related genes PRDX4 and PRKAG2 were found to be significantly differentially expressed (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively) and consistent with pH changes. The meat color–related gene BCO1 was also differentially expressed (P < 0.01) and showed a corresponding change with yellowness value. Collectively, the best production performance was in the offspring with 0.1% coated Met supplementation (AM group). Supplementation with 0.2% coated Met (HM group) seemed to be excessive, but laying rate was increased in the HM group. Both results of phenotypic measurements and gene expression demonstrated that maternal-coated Met supplementation resulted in fluctuation of some meat quality indices in the offspring, but all values were still within the range found in normal chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongqin Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Maiqing Zheng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China.
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Fogelholm J, Inkabi S, Höglund A, Abbey-Lee R, Johnsson M, Jensen P, Henriksen R, Wright D. Genetical Genomics of Tonic Immobility in the Chicken. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10050341. [PMID: 31067744 PMCID: PMC6562468 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the molecular mechanisms of animal behaviour is an enduring goal for researchers. Gaining insight into these mechanisms enables us to gain a greater understanding of behaviour and their genetic control. In this paper, we perform Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping of tonic immobility behaviour in an advanced intercross line between wild and domestic chickens. Genes located within the QTL interval were further investigated using global expression QTL (eQTL) mapping from hypothalamus tissue, as well as causality analysis. This identified five candidate genes, with the genes PRDX4 and ACOT9 emerging as the best supported candidates. In addition, we also investigated the connection between tonic immobility, meat pH and struggling behaviour, as the two candidate genes PRDX4 and ACOT9 have previously been implicated in controlling muscle pH at slaughter. We did not find any phenotypic correlations between tonic immobility, struggling behaviour and muscle pH in a smaller additional cohort, despite these behaviours being repeatable within-test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Fogelholm
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Samuel Inkabi
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Andrey Höglund
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Robin Abbey-Lee
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Martin Johnsson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK.
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7023, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Per Jensen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Rie Henriksen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Dominic Wright
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
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Using Targeted Resequencing for Identification of Candidate Genes and SNPs for a QTL Affecting the pH Value of Chicken Meat. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2015; 5:2085-9. [PMID: 26276381 PMCID: PMC4592991 DOI: 10.1534/g3.115.020552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Using targeted genetical genomics, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) affecting the initial postmortem pH value of chicken breast muscle (Pectoralis major) on chromosome 1 (GGA1) recently was fine-mapped. Thirteen genes were present in the QTL region of approximately 1 Mb. In this study, 10 birds that were inferred to be homozygous for either the high (QQ) or low (qq) QTL allele were selected for resequencing. After enrichment for 1 Mb around the QTL region, >500 × coverage for the QTL region in each of the 10 birds was obtained. In total 5056 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified for which the genotypes were consistent with one of the QTL genotypes. We used custom tools to identify putative causal mutations in the mapped QTL region from these SNPs. Four nonsynonymous SNPs differentiating the two QTL genotype groups were identified within four local genes (PRDX4, EIF2S3, PCYT1B, and E1BTD2). Although these are likely candidate SNPs to explain the QTL effect, 54 additional consensus SNPs were detected within gene-related regions (untranslated regions, splicing sites CpG island, and promoter regions) for the QQ birds and 71 for the qq birds. These could also play a role explaining the observed QTL effect. The results provide an important step for prioritizing among a large amount of candidate mutations and significantly contribute to the understanding of the genetic mechanisms affecting the initial postmortem pH value of chicken muscle.
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Recent advances in omic technologies for meat quality management. Meat Sci 2015; 109:18-26. [PMID: 26002117 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of the molecular organization of living organisms evolved considerably during the last years. The methodologies associated also progressed with the development of the high-throughput sequencing (SNP array, RNAseq, etc.) and of genomic tools allowing the simultaneous analysis of hundreds or thousands of genes, proteins or metabolites. In farm animals, some proteins, mRNAs or metabolites whose abundance has been associated with meat quality traits have been detected in pig, cattle, chicken. They constitute biomarkers for the assessment and prediction of qualities of interest in each species, with potential biomarkers across species. The ongoing development of rapid methods will allow their use for decision-making and management tools in slaughterhouses, to better allocate carcasses or cuts to the appropriate markets. Besides, their application on living animals will help to improve genetic selection and to adapt a breeding system to fulfill expected quality level. The ultimate goal is to propose effective molecular tools for the management of product quality in meat production chains.
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