1
|
Suresh MV, Aggarwal V, Raghavendran K. The Intersection of Pulmonary Vascular Disease and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors. Interv Cardiol Clin 2023; 12:443-452. [PMID: 37290846 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are a family of nuclear transcription factors that serve as the master regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia. In the lung, HIFs orchestrate multiple inflammatory pathways and signaling. They have been reported to have a major role in the initiation and progression of acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension. Although there seems to be a clear mechanistic role for both HIF 1α and 2α in pulmonary vascular diseases including PH, a successful translation into a definitive therapeutic modality has not been accomplished to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vikas Aggarwal
- Division of Cardiology (Frankel Cardiovascular Center), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Krishnan Raghavendran
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
LncRNA LINC01094 Promotes Cells Proliferation and Metastasis through the PTEN/AKT Pathway by Targeting AZGP1 in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041261. [PMID: 36831602 PMCID: PMC9954187 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were recently reported to play an essential role in multiple cancer types. Herein, through next-generation sequencing, we screened metastasis-driving molecules by using tissues from early-stage gastric cancer (GC) patients with lymph node metastasis, and we identified a lncRNA LINC01094, which was associated with the metastasis of GC. According to the clinical data from the TCGA, GSE15459, and GSE62254 cohorts, the high expression of LINC01094 was associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, 106 clinical GC and paired normal samples were collected, and the qRT-PCR results showed that the high expression of LINC01094 was associated with high T and N stages and a poor prognosis. We found that LINC01094 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of GC in vitro and in vivo. AZGP1 was found as the protein-binding partner of LINC01094 by using RNA pulldown and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. LINC01094 antagonizes the function of AZGP1, downregulates the expression of PTEN, and further upregulates the AKT pathway. Collectively, our results suggested that LINC01094 might predict the prognosis of GC patients and become the therapy target for GC.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu W, Deng M, Meng X, Sun X, Tao X, Wang D, Zhang S, Zhen Y, Liu X, Liu M. The alterations in molecular markers and signaling pathways in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, a study with transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:961305. [PMID: 35958401 PMCID: PMC9362860 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.961305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, the alterations in molecular markers and signaling pathways in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) remain unclear. We aimed to compare the difference of molecular markers and signaling pathways in patients with CTEPH and healthy people with transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Methods We prospectively included 26 patients with CTEPH and 35 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers as control. We extracted RNA from whole blood samples to construct the library. Then, qualified libraries were sequenced using PE100 strategy on BGIseq platform. Subsequently, the DESeq2 package in R was used to screen differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) of 7 patients with CTEPH and 5 healthy volunteers. Afterwards, we performed functional enrichment and protein–protein interaction analysis of DEmRNAs. We also performed lncRNA-mRNA co-expression analysis and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network construction. In addition, we performed diagnostic analysis on the GSE130391 dataset. Finally, we performed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of genes in 19 patients with CTEPH and 30 healthy volunteers. Results Gender and age between patients with CTEPH and healthy controls, between sequencing group and in vitro validation group, were comparable. A total of 437 DEmRNAs and 192 DElncRNAs were obtained. Subsequently, 205 pairs of interacting DEmRNAs and 232 pairs of lncRNA-mRNA relationship were obtained. DEmRNAs were significantly enriched in chemokine signaling pathway, metabolic pathways, arachidonic acid metabolism, and MAPK signaling pathway. Only one regulation pathway of SOBP-hsa-miR-320b-LINC00472 was found through ceRNA network construction. In diagnostic analysis, the area under curve (AUC) values of LINC00472, PIK3R6, SCN3A, and TCL6, respectively, were 0.964, 0.893, 0.750, and 0.732. Conclusion The identification of alterations in molecules and pathways may provide further research directions on pathogenesis of CTEPH. Additionally, LINC00472, PIK3R6, SCN3A, and TCL6 may act as the potential gene markers in CTEPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiapei Meng
- Department of Radiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebiao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xincao Tao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Institute of Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Zhen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Min Liu
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng X, Wang K, Yang T, Liu Y, Wang X. LncRNA-GAS5/miR-382-3p axis inhibits pulmonary artery remodeling and promotes autophagy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:395-404. [PMID: 35066809 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have clarified the role of miR-382-3p in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), but what is less clear lies in its upstream regulatory mechanism. OBJECTIVE To explore the regulation mechanism of GAS5/miR-382-3p axis on CTEPH. METHODS In vitro, we constructed cell models by treating Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMCs) with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The effects of different concentrations of PDGF-BB on the activity of PASMCs were tested by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The upstream lncRNA of miR-382-3p was screened and confirmed through bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), dual luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. The effects of GAS5/miR-382-3p axis on the viability, migration, and expressions of autophagy- and angiogenesis-related proteins were confirmed by rescue experiments (CCK-8, wound healing and western blot). In vivo, animal models by perfusing autologous blood vessels, the effects of GAS5 overexpression or silencing on the expressions of miR-382-3p, angiogenesis- and autophagy-related genes, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary artery wall were determined by biological signal acquisition system, hematoxylin-eosin staining, qRT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS PDGF-BB dose-dependently promoted PASMCs viability. XIST and GAS5 expressions in PASMCs were affected by the concentration of PDGF-BB, but only GAS5 can be pulled down by miR-382-3p probe. GAS5 targeted miR-382-3p to inhibit the viability and migration of PAMSCs, mPAP in CTEPH rats, pulmonary artery wall thickening and angiogenesis, and promote autophagy. CONCLUSIONS GAS5/miR-382-3p axis is involved in the regulation of pulmonary artery remodeling and autophagy in CTEPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kaifeng Wang
- Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ting Yang
- Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Circulating MicroRNAs for Diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Still a Long Way to Go. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4180215. [PMID: 35047634 PMCID: PMC8763471 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4180215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents the third most frequent cause of acute cardiovascular syndrome. Among VTE, acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is the most life-threatening complication. Due to the low specificity of symptoms clinical diagnosis of APE may be sometimes very difficult. Accordingly, the latest European guidelines only suggest clinical prediction tests for diagnosis of APE, eventually associated with D-dimer, a biomarker burdened by a very low specificity. A growing body of evidence is highlighting the role of miRNAs in hemostasis and thrombosis. Due to their partial inheritance and susceptibility to the environmental factors, miRNAs are increasingly described as active modifiers of the classical Virchow's triad. Clinical evidence on deep venous thrombosis reported specific miRNA signatures associated to thrombosis development, organization, recanalization, and resolution. Conversely, data of miRNA profiling as a predictor/diagnostic marker of APE are still preliminary. Here, we have summarized clinical evidence on the potential role of miRNA in diagnosis of APE. Despite some intriguing insight, miRNA assay is still far from any potential clinical application. Especially, the small sample size of cohorts likely represents the major limitation of published studies, so that extensive analysis of miRNA profiles with a machine learning approach are warranted in the next future. In addition, the cost-benefit ratio of miRNA assay still has a negative impact on their clinical application and routinely test.
Collapse
|
6
|
The role of immune cells in pulmonary hypertension: Focusing on macrophages. Hum Immunol 2021; 83:153-163. [PMID: 34844784 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening pathological state with elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, resulting in right ventricular failure and heart functional failure. Analyses of human samples and rodent models of pH support the infiltration of various immune cells, including neutrophils, mast cells, dendritic cells, B-cells, T-cells, and natural killer cells, to the lungs and pulmonary perivascular regions and their involvement in the PH development. There is evidence that macrophages are presented in the pulmonary lesions of pH patients as first-line myeloid leucocytes. Macrophage accumulation and presence, both M1 and M2 phenotypes, is a distinctive hallmark of pH which plays a pivotal role in pulmonary artery remodeling through various cellular and molecular interactions and mechanisms, including CCL2 and CX3CL1 chemokines, adventitial fibroblasts, glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), crosstalk with other immune cells, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In this paper, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms and the role of immune cells and responses are involved in PH development. We also summarized the polarization of macrophages in response to different stimuli and their pathological role and their infiltration in the lung of pH patients and animal models.
Collapse
|
7
|
The newborn sheep translational model for pulmonary arterial hypertension of the neonate at high altitude. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 11:452-463. [PMID: 32705972 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia during gestation induces greater occurrence of perinatal complications such as intrauterine growth restriction, fetal hypoxia, newborn asphyxia, and respiratory distress, among others. This condition may also cause a failure in the transition of the fetal to neonatal circulation, inducing pulmonary arterial hypertension of the neonate (PAHN), a syndrome that involves pulmonary vascular dysfunction, increased vasoconstrictor tone and pathological remodeling. As this syndrome has a relatively low prevalence in lowlands (~7 per 1000 live births) and very little is known about its prevalence and clinical evolution in highlands (above 2500 meters), our understanding is very limited. Therefore, studies on appropriate animal models have been crucial to comprehend the mechanisms underlying this pathology. Considering the strengths and weaknesses of any animal model of human disease is fundamental to achieve an effective and meaningful translation to clinical practice. The sheep model has been used to study the normal and abnormal cardiovascular development of the fetus and the neonate for almost a century. The aim of this review is to highlight the advances in our knowledge on the programming of cardiopulmonary function with the use of high-altitude newborn sheep as a translational model of PAHN.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang P, Li H, Zhang J, Xu X. Research progress on biomarkers of pulmonary embolism. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2021; 15:1046-1055. [PMID: 34214256 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To present a review on the traditional and new biomarkers of pulmonary embolism (PE). DATA SOURCE A systematic search has been carried out using keywords as PE, biomarker, diagnosis and risk stratification. RESULTS The results of this work have been structured into three parts: first, conventional biomarkers for vascular, cardiac and inflammation, including static markers and dynamic markers for measuring the time course; next, a review of new biomarkers in recent years, such as RNAs and markers obtained through proteomics and mass spectrometry; finally, use of new detection methods to directly detect the activity of existing markers, such as the determination of coagulation factor II and plasmin activities based on the proteolytic activation of an engineered zymogen. CONCLUSIONS This work summarized the characteristics of current traditional biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and risk stratification of PE, as well as a series of newly discovered biomarkers obtained through various clinical experimental methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hexin Li
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomao Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miao R, Dong X, Gong J, Li Y, Guo X, Wang J, Huang Q, Wang Y, Li J, Yang S, Kuang T, Wan J, Liu M, Zhai Z, Zhong J, Yang Y. Cell landscape atlas for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy constructed using single-cell RNA sequencing. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16485-16499. [PMID: 34153003 PMCID: PMC8266372 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to construct an atlas of the cell landscape and comprehensively characterize the cellular repertoire of the pulmonary endarterectomized tissues of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Five pulmonary endarterectomized tissues were collected. 10× Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing was performed, followed by the identification of cluster marker genes and cell types. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was conducted. Seventeen cell clusters were characterized, corresponding to 10,518 marker genes, and then classified into eight cell types, including fibroblast/smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, T cell/NK cell, macrophage, mast cell, cysteine rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 2 (CRISPLD2)+ cell, cancer stem cell, and undefined. The specific marker genes of fibroblast/smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, T cell/NK cell, macrophage, mast cell, and cancer stem cell were significantly enriched for multiple functions associated with muscle cell migration, endothelial cell migration, T cell activation, neutrophil activation, erythrocyte homeostasis, and tissue remodeling, respectively. No functions were significantly enriched for the marker gene of CRISPLD2+ cell. Our study, for the first time, provides an atlas of the cell landscape of the pulmonary endarterectomized tissues of CTEPH patients at single-cell resolution, which may serve as a valuable resource for further elucidation of disease pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Miao
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xingbei Dong
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Juanni Gong
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yidan Li
- Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jifeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Suqiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Tuguang Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiuchang Zhong
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yuanhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang TM, Wang SS, Xu YJ, Zhao CM, Qiao XH, Yang CX, Liu XY, Yang YQ. SOX17 Loss-of-Function Mutation Underlying Familial Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int Heart J 2021; 62:566-574. [PMID: 33952808 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) refers to a rare, progressive disorder that is characterized by occlusive pulmonary vascular remodeling, resulting in increased pulmonary arterial pressure, right-sided heart failure, and eventual death. Emerging evidence from genetic investigations of pediatric-onset PAH highlights the strong genetic basis underpinning PAH, and deleterious variants in multiple genes have been found to cause PAH. Nevertheless, PAH is of substantial genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic defects underlying PAH in the overwhelming majority of cases remain elusive. In this investigation, a consanguineous family suffering from PAH transmitted as an autosomal-dominant trait was identified. Through whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses as well as Sanger sequencing analyses of the PAH family, a novel heterozygous SOX17 mutation, NM_022454.4: c.379C>T; p. (Gln127*), was found to co-segregate with the disease in the family, with complete penetrance. The nonsense mutation was neither observed in 612 unrelated healthy volunteers nor retrieved in the population genetic databases encompassing the Genome Aggregation Database, the Exome Aggregation Consortium database, and the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism database. Biological analyses using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system revealed that the Gln127*-mutant SOX17 protein lost the ability to transcriptionally activate its target gene NOTCH1. Moreover, the Gln127*-mutant SOX17 protein exhibited no inhibitory effect on the function of CTNNB1-encode β-catenin, which is a key player in vascular morphogenesis. This research firstly links SOX17 loss-of-function mutation to familial PAH, which provides novel insight into the molecular pathogenesis of PAH, suggesting potential implications for genetic and prognostic risk evaluation as well as personalized prophylaxis of the family members affected with PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ming Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Xiao-Hui Qiao
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Ningbo Women & Children's Hospital
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Xing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University.,Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pullamsetti SS, Mamazhakypov A, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Savai R. Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5638-5651. [PMID: 32881714 DOI: 10.1172/jci137558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that can subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Emerging evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling plays a fundamental and pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PH. This Review summarizes the regulation of HIF isoforms and their impact in various PH subtypes, as well as the elaborate conditional and cell-specific knockout mouse studies that brought the role of this pathway to light. We also discuss the current preclinical status of pan- and isoform-selective HIF inhibitors, and propose new research areas that may facilitate HIF isoform-specific inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH and right heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qin Y, Yan G, Qiao Y, Wang D, Luo E, Hou J, Tang C. Emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in pulmonary hypertension and their molecular mechanisms (Review). Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:164. [PMID: 33093902 PMCID: PMC7571311 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening cardiopulmonary condition caused by several pathogenic factors. All types of PH are characterized by the excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery endothelial cells and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, apoptosis resistance, pulmonary vascular remodeling, sustained elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, right heart failure and even death. Over the past decade, next generation sequencing, particularly RNA-sequencing, has identified some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may act as regulators of cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Studies have shown that lncRNAs are closely associated with the development of several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. In addition, a number of studies have reported that lncRNAs, including maternally expressed gene 3, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1, taurine upregulated 1 and cancer susceptibility candidate 2, serve important roles in the pathogenesis of PH. Despite the development of novel drug treatments, the mortality rate of PH remains high with no evident downward trend. Therefore, certain lncRNAs may be considered as therapeutic targets for the treatment of incurable PH. The present review summarizes the latest research on lncRNAs and PH, aiming to briefly describe PH-associated lncRNAs and their mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Gaoliang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yong Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Erfei Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jiantong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Chengchun Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|