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Hori JI, Koga D, Kakizaki H, Watanabe T. Differential effects of depot formulations of GnRH agonist leuprorelin and antagonist degarelix on the seminiferous epithelium of the rat testis. Biomed Res 2018; 39:197-214. [PMID: 30101840 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.39.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite their pharmacologically opposite actions, long-acting depot formulations of both GnRH agonists and antagonists have been clinically applied for treatment of androgen-sensitive prostate cancer. Sustained treatment with GnRH analogues commonly suppresses both the synthesis and release of gonadotropins, leading to depletion of testicular testosterone. To clarify the underlying differences in the effects of GnRH agonists and antagonists on spermatogenesis, we compared histological changes in the seminiferous epithelium after administration of depot formulations of GnRH agonist leuprorelin and antagonist degarelix to male rats. Testicular weight had markedly declined by 28 days after administration of both GnRH analogues, although the testicular weight was decreased more promptly by leuprorelin compared with degarelix. Shortly after administration, massive exfoliation of premature spermatids and anomalous multinucleated giant cells was observed in seminiferous tubules of leuprorelin-treated rats, probably via the initial hyperstimulatory effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, whereas no discernible changes were found in those of degarelix-treated rats. Long term treatment with both types of GnRH analogues similarly induced a marked reduction in the height of the epithelium and deformation of apical cytoplasm in Sertoli cells, resulting in premature detachment of spermatids from the epithelium. Lipid droplets had accumulated progressively in Sertoli cells, especially in those of degarelix-treated rats. These findings clearly demonstrate the differences in the effects of GnRH agonists and antagonists on the spermatogenic process. This study suggests that an appropriate choice of GnRH analogues is necessary to minimize their adverse effects on spermatogenesis when reproductive functions should be preserved in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Hori
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University.,Department of Renal and Urologic Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Daisuke Koga
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Hidehiro Kakizaki
- Department of Renal and Urologic Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University
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Yuan JT, Gatti DM, Philip VM, Kasparek S, Kreuzman AM, Mansky B, Sharif K, Taterra D, Taylor WM, Thomas M, Ward JO, Holmes A, Chesler EJ, Parker CC. Genome-wide association for testis weight in the diversity outbred mouse population. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:310-324. [PMID: 29691636 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9745-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Testis weight is a genetically mediated trait associated with reproductive efficiency across numerous species. We sought to evaluate the genetically diverse, highly recombinant Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse population as a tool to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with testis weight. Testis weights were recorded for 502 male DO mice and the mice were genotyped on the GIGAMuga array at ~ 143,000 SNPs. We performed a genome-wide association analysis and identified one significant and two suggestive QTLs associated with testis weight. Using bioinformatic approaches, we developed a list of candidate genes and identified those with known roles in testicular size and development. Candidates of particular interest include the RNA demethylase gene Alkbh5, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor gene Cdkn2c, the dynein axonemal heavy chain gene Dnah11, the phospholipase D gene Pld6, the trans-acting transcription factor gene Sp4, and the spermatogenesis-associated gene Spata6, each of which has a human ortholog. Our results demonstrate the utility of DO mice in high-resolution genetic mapping of complex traits, enabling us to identify developmentally important genes in adult mice. Understanding how genetic variation in these genes influence testis weight could aid in the understanding of mechanisms of mammalian reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Yuan
- Department of Computer Science, Program in Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Daniel M Gatti
- The Jackson Laboratory, 610 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Vivek M Philip
- The Jackson Laboratory, 610 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Steven Kasparek
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Andrew M Kreuzman
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Benjamin Mansky
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Kayvon Sharif
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Dominik Taterra
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Walter M Taylor
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Mary Thomas
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Jeremy O Ward
- Department of Biology, Program in Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA), US National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elissa J Chesler
- The Jackson Laboratory, 610 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Clarissa C Parker
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA. .,Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA.
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White MA, Stubbings M, Dumont BL, Payseur BA. Genetics and evolution of hybrid male sterility in house mice. Genetics 2012; 191:917-34. [PMID: 22554891 PMCID: PMC3389984 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.112.140251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative genetic mapping provides insights into the evolution of the reproductive barriers that separate closely related species. This approach has been used to document the accumulation of reproductive incompatibilities over time, but has only been applied to a few taxa. House mice offer a powerful system to reconstruct the evolution of reproductive isolation between multiple subspecies pairs. However, studies of the primary reproductive barrier in house mice-hybrid male sterility-have been restricted to a single subspecies pair: Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus. To provide a more complete characterization of reproductive isolation in house mice, we conducted an F(2) intercross between wild-derived inbred strains from Mus musculus castaneus and M. m. domesticus. We identified autosomal and X-linked QTL associated with a range of hybrid male sterility phenotypes, including testis weight, sperm density, and sperm morphology. The pseudoautosomal region (PAR) was strongly associated with hybrid sterility phenotypes when heterozygous. We compared QTL found in this cross with QTL identified in a previous F(2) intercross between M. m. musculus and M. m. domesticus and found three shared autosomal QTL. Most QTL were not shared, demonstrating that the genetic basis of hybrid male sterility largely differs between these closely related subspecies pairs. These results lay the groundwork for identifying genes responsible for the early stages of speciation in house mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Stubbings
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | | | - Bret A. Payseur
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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5
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Genetic dissection of a key reproductive barrier between nascent species of house mice. Genetics 2011; 189:289-304. [PMID: 21750261 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.111.129171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive isolation between species is often caused by deleterious interactions among loci in hybrids. Finding the genes involved in these incompatibilities provides insight into the mechanisms of speciation. With recently diverged subspecies, house mice provide a powerful system for understanding the genetics of reproductive isolation early in the speciation process. Although previous studies have yielded important clues about the genetics of hybrid male sterility in house mice, they have been restricted to F1 sterility or incompatibilities involving the X chromosome. To provide a more complete characterization of this key reproductive barrier, we conducted an F2 intercross between wild-derived inbred strains from two subspecies of house mice, Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus. We identified a suite of autosomal and X-linked QTL that underlie measures of hybrid male sterility, including testis weight, sperm density, and sperm morphology. In many cases, the autosomal loci were unique to a specific sterility trait and exhibited an effect only when homozygous, underscoring the importance of examining reproductive barriers beyond the F1 generation. We also found novel two-locus incompatibilities between the M. m. musculus X chromosome and M. m. domesticus autosomal alleles. Our results reveal a complex genetic architecture for hybrid male sterility and suggest a prominent role for reproductive barriers in advanced generations in maintaining subspecies integrity in house mice.
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Mollah MBR, Ishikawa A. A wild derived quantitative trait locus on mouse chromosome 2 prevents obesity. BMC Genet 2010; 11:84. [PMID: 20860848 PMCID: PMC2955677 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-11-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic architecture of multifactorial traits such as obesity has been poorly understood. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis is widely used to localize loci affecting multifactorial traits on chromosomal regions. However, large confidence intervals and small phenotypic effects of identified QTLs and closely linked loci are impeding the identification of causative genes that underlie the QTLs. Here we developed five subcongenic mouse strains with overlapping and non-overlapping wild-derived genomic regions from an F2 intercross of a previously developed congenic strain, B6.Cg-Pbwg1, and its genetic background strain, C57BL/6J (B6). The subcongenic strains developed were phenotyped on low-fat standard chow and a high-fat diet to fine-map a previously identified obesity QTL. Microarray analysis was performed with Affymetrix GeneChips to search for candidate genes of the QTL. Results The obesity QTL was physically mapped to an 8.8-Mb region of mouse chromosome 2. The wild-derived allele significantly decreased white fat pad weight, body weight and serum levels of glucose and triglyceride. It was also resistant to the high-fat diet. Among 29 genes residing within the 8.8-Mb region, Gpd2, Upp2, Acvr1c, March7 and Rbms1 showed great differential expression in livers and/or gonadal fat pads between B6.Cg-Pbwg1 and B6 mice. Conclusions The wild-derived QTL allele prevented obesity in both mice fed a low-fat standard diet and mice fed a high-fat diet. This finding will pave the way for identification of causative genes for obesity. A further understanding of this unique QTL effect at genetic and molecular levels may lead to the discovery of new biological and pathologic pathways associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Bazlur R Mollah
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Division of Applied Genetics and Physiology, Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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Good JM, Dean MD, Nachman MW. A complex genetic basis to X-linked hybrid male sterility between two species of house mice. Genetics 2008; 179:2213-28. [PMID: 18689897 PMCID: PMC2516092 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.107.085340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The X chromosome plays a central role in the evolution of reproductive isolation, but few studies have examined the genetic basis of X-linked incompatibilities during the early stages of speciation. We report the results of a large experiment focused on the reciprocal introgression of the X chromosome between two species of house mice, Mus musculus and M. domesticus. Introgression of the M. musculus X chromosome into a wild-derived M. domesticus genetic background produced male-limited sterility, qualitatively consistent with previous experiments using classic inbred strains to represent M. domesticus. The genetic basis of sterility involved a minimum of four X-linked factors. The phenotypic effects of major sterility QTL were largely additive and resulted in complete sterility when combined. No sterility factors were uncovered on the M. domesticus X chromosome. Overall, these results revealed a complex and asymmetric genetic basis to X-linked hybrid male sterility during the early stages of speciation in mice. Combined with data from previous studies, we identify one relatively narrow interval on the M. musculus X chromosome involved in hybrid male sterility. Only a handful of spermatogenic genes are within this region, including one of the most rapidly evolving genes on the mouse X chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Good
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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L'Hôte D, Serres C, Laissue P, Oulmouden A, Rogel-Gaillard C, Montagutelli X, Vaiman D. Centimorgan-range one-step mapping of fertility traits using interspecific recombinant congenic mice. Genetics 2007; 176:1907-21. [PMID: 17483418 PMCID: PMC1931527 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.107.072157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, male fertility is a quantitative feature determined by numerous genes. Until now, several wide chromosomal regions involved in fertility have been defined by genetic mapping approaches; unfortunately, the underlying genes are very difficult to identify. Here, 53 interspecific recombinant congenic mouse strains (IRCSs) bearing 1-2% SEG/Pas (Mus spretus) genomic fragments disseminated in a C57Bl/6J (Mus domesticus) background were used to systematically analyze male fertility parameters. One of the most prominent advantages of this model is the possibility of analyzing stable phenotypes in living animals. Here, we demonstrate the possibility in one-step fine mapping for several fertility traits. Focusing on strains harboring a unique spretus fragment, we could unambiguously localize two testis and one prostate weight-regulating QTL (Ltw1, Ltw2, and Lpw1), four QTL controlling the sperm nucleus shape (Sh1, Sh2, Sh3, and Sh4), and one QTL influencing sperm survival (Dss1). In several cases, the spretus DNA fragment was small enough to propose sound candidates. For instance, Spata1, Capza, and Tuba7 are very strong candidates for influencing the shape of the sperm head. Identifying new genes implied in mammalian fertility pathways is a necessary prerequisite for clarifying their molecular grounds and for proposing diagnostic tools for masculine infertilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L'Hôte
- Equipe 21, Génomique et Epigénetique des Pathologies Placentaires, Unité INSERM 567/UMR CNRS 8104-Université Paris, Paris, France
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