1
|
Ketamine upregulates eNOS expression in human astroglial A172 cells: Possible role in its antidepressive properties. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 305:75-81. [PMID: 28284350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine is a potent anti-depressive agent. Nitric oxide plays an essential role in neuronal transmission and cerebral blood flow and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder as well as cardiovascular functioning. We investigated the effect of ketamine on eNOS expression in human A172 astroglial cells. Ketamine (50-500μM) increased eNOS expression at 4-24h in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was mediated by NMDA receptor, Akt inhibition and ERK1/2 activation and was synergistically augmented by rapamycin. The combined effect on the vascular, immune and neuronal systems may be relevant to the rapid antidepressive effect of ketamine.
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Luo C, Chen Y, Chen Q, Huang R, Sun J, Gong Q, Wu X, Qi Z, Liang Z, Li L, Li H, Li P, Wang W, Shang HF. Parkinson׳s disease-related modulation of functional connectivity associated with the striatum in the resting state in a nonhuman primate model. Brain Res 2014; 1555:10-9. [PMID: 24530271 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to describe Parkinson׳s disease (PD)-related modulation of functional connectivity (FC) associated with the striatum in the resting state in a nonhuman primate model of early-stage PD. Weekly intravenous injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) (0.5 mg/kg body weight) were performed until parkinsonian motor symptoms developed in four macaques. After 13 weeks of MPTP treatment, all monkeys displayed parkinsonian symptoms. During the course of the experiment, each animal underwent four magnetic resonance imaging scans and four positron emission tomography (PET) scans with the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2)-selective ligand 9-[(18)F] fluoropropyl-(+)-dihydrotetrabenazine, performed prior to the beginning of MPTP administration as well as after 4, 9, and 13 MPTP injections. The FC profile of the striatum was evaluated using a seed voxel correlation approach and post hoc region of interest analysis on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. The PET images were subjected to region of interest analysis to examine brain regional reductions in VMAT2 density in the PD model. Significant reductions in the connectivity pattern of the striatal regions were observed: limbic striatum and left hippocampus; caudate nucleus/associative and brain regions, including the right pre-supplementary motor area and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; putamen/associative region and left inferior temporal gyrus or right orbital and medial prefrontal cortex; and putamen/motor and cortical structures, including the right superior temporal gyrus and bilateral postcentral gyrus. Subsequent PET studies showed the progressive loss of striatal VMAT2 in the striatum with the presentation of parkinsonism. Significant differences between the specific uptake ratio reductions in each striatal subdivision were not found. By using a long-term, low-dose MPTP-lesioned nonhuman primate model, this study demonstrated PD-related decreased corticostriatal FC in a resting state; moreover, altered sensorimotor integration was also found in early-stage PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Chunyan Luo
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Zhongzhi Qi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Zhenglu Liang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China.
| |
Collapse
|