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Dunaievska O, Sokulskyi I, Radzykhovskii M, Gutyj B, Dyshkant O, Khomenko Z, Brygadyrenko V. Immunophysiological State of Dogs According to the Immunoregulatory Index of Their Blood and Spleens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:706. [PMID: 38473091 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the immunological characteristics of a dog's body were established, allowing for a quick reaction to any changes in the immune status and the development of an immunodeficiency state. The immunoregulatory blood index was determined to indicate the ratio of T-helpers and T-suppressors. The immunoregulatory index of the spleen was determined as the ratio of CD4+ cells to CD8+ cells in the field of view of a microscope (eyepiece 10, objective 40) after obtaining histological preparations according to generally accepted methods. It was found that the number of T-helpers decreased by 0.13 × 1012/L, while the number of T-suppressors increased non-significantly by 0.01 × 1012/L after intensive exercise during tasks. The immunoregulatory blood index of dogs was 2.1 ± 0.1 and 1.7 ± 0.13 before and after intensive exercise, respectively. Lymphocytes with markers CD4+ and CD8+ were located almost all in the white pulp; in the red pulp, they were found alone, and their share was 3.4% and 1.9%, respectively. Lymphocytes with CD4+ markers in the spleen's white pulp were mainly concentrated in lymphoid nodules (60.7%), of which 20.1% were focused on the marginal zone, and slightly less in the light center (19.4%) and the periarterial zone (18.1%). Lymphocytes with CD8+ markers in the spleen's white pulp were also mainly concentrated in lymphoid nodules, but their number was 8.1% higher (68.8%). The immunoregulatory index of the spleen is 1.9. These findings emphasize the need for the assessment of the immunoregulatory index in service dogs to prevent the development of secondary immunodeficiency and allow them to properly perform their official duties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Dunaievska
- Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology, Hygiene and Expertise, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Polissya National University, Stary Boulevard Str. 7, 10002 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
| | - Ihor Sokulskyi
- Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology, Hygiene and Expertise, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Polissya National University, Stary Boulevard Str. 7, 10002 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
| | - Mykola Radzykhovskii
- Department of Epizootology, Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str. 15, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Bogdan Gutyj
- Department of Hygiene, Sanitation and General Veterinary Prevention, Faculty of Public Development and Health, Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Pekarska Str. 50, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olga Dyshkant
- Department of Epizootology, Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str. 15, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Zoriana Khomenko
- Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology, Hygiene and Expertise, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Polissya National University, Stary Boulevard Str. 7, 10002 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
| | - Viktor Brygadyrenko
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Gagarin Av. 72, 49010 Dnipro, Ukraine
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Cryoimmunology: Opportunities and challenges in biomedical science and practice. Cryobiology 2021; 100:1-11. [PMID: 33639110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autologous and allogeneic cryoimmunological medicine is a brand new branch of biomedical science and clinical practice that examines the features and formation of the immune response to immunogenic properties of normal and malignant biological structures altered by ultralow temperature, as well as specific changes in the structural and functional characteristics of immune cells and tissues after cryopreservation. Cryogenic protein denaturation phenomenon provides important insights into the mechanisms underlying the damage to cryogenic lesions immediately after freeze-thawing sessions in bioscience and medicine applications. The newly formed cryocoagulated protein components (cryomodified protein components) are crucial in cryoimmunology from the perspective of the formation of immunological substances at ultralow temperatures. Dendritic cells and cryocell detritus (cryocell debris) formed in living biological tissue after exposure to ultralow temperature in vivo may be an indication of one of the essential mechanisms involved in the cryoimmunological response of living structures to the impact of ultralow temperature exposure. Hence, the formation of new autologous and allogeneic cryoinduced immunogenic substances is a novel concept in biomedical research globally. Accordingly, this review focuses on issues concerning the peculiarities of the interaction of the immune system with a dominant malignant neoplasm tissue after exposure to subzero temperatures, considering the original cryogenic technical approaches. We present an overview of the state-of-the-art methods of cryoimmunology, and their major developments, past and present. The need for the delineation of structural and functional characteristics of the biological substrates of the immune system after cryopreservation that can be used in adoptive cell therapy, especially in cancer patients, is emphasized.
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N. Goltsev A, A. Diabina O, V. Ostankov M, A. Bondarovich N, Ye. Yampolskaya E. Cancer stem cells in tumor pathogenesis after cryoablation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.15407/cryo25.03.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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