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Bhat AA, Singh I, Tandon N, Tandon R. Structure activity relationship (SAR) and anticancer activity of pyrrolidine derivatives: Recent developments and future prospects (A review). Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114954. [PMID: 36481599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolidine molecules are a significant class of synthetic and natural plant metabolites, which show the diversity of pharmacological activities. An extensive variety of synthetic pyrrolidine compounds with numerous derivatization like spirooxindole, thiazole, metal complexes, coumarin, etc have revealed significant anticancer activity. Pyrrolidine molecules are found not only as potential anticancer candidates but also retain the lowest side effects. Depending upon the diverse substitution patterns of the derivatives, these molecules have demonstrated an incredible ability to regulate the various targets to give excellent anti-proliferative activities. Taking these into consideration, efforts have been taken by the scientific fraternity to design and develop a potent anticancer scaffold with negligible side effects. In the present review, we cover the latest advancements in the synthesis of pyrrolidine molecules which have promising anticancer activity toward numerous cancer cell lines. Additionally, it also highlights the effectiveness of derivatives via elucidation of Structural-Activity-Relationship (SAR) which is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeyaz Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
| | - Iqubal Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Nitin Tandon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
| | - Runjhun Tandon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
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Novel hybrid pyrrolidinedione-thiazolidinones as potential anticancer agents: Synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Szczepański J, Tuszewska H, Trotsko N. Anticancer Profile of Rhodanines: Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) and Molecular Targets-A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123750. [PMID: 35744873 PMCID: PMC9231410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rhodanine core is a well-known privileged heterocycle in medicinal chemistry. The rhodanines, as subtypes of thiazolidin-4-ones, show a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anticancer properties. This review aims to analyze the anticancer features of the rhodanines described over the last decade in the scientific literature. The structure–activity relationship of rhodanine derivatives, as well as some of the molecular targets, were discussed. The information contained in this review could be of benefit to the design of new, effective small molecules with anticancer potential among rhodanine derivatives or their related heterocycles.
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Sazali Hamzah A, Fazli Mohammat M, Wibowo A, Shaameri Z, Nur Ain Abdul Rashid F, Hidayah Pungot N. Five-Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles as New Lead Compounds in Drug Discovery. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-sr(r)7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kryshchyshyn-Dylevych A, Radko L, Finiuk N, Garazd M, Kashchak N, Posyniak A, Niemczuk K, Stoika R, Lesyk R. Synthesis of novel indole-thiazolidinone hybrid structures as promising scaffold with anticancer potential. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 50:116453. [PMID: 34634616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel indole-azolidinone hybrids has been synthesized via Knoevenagel reaction of 5-fluoro-3-formyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester and some azolidinones differing in heteroatoms in positions 1, 2 and 4. Their anticancer activity in vitro was screened towards MCF-7 (breast cancer), HCT116 (colon cancer), HepG2 (hepatoma), HeLa (cervical cancer), A549 (lung cancer), WM793 (melanoma) and THP-1 (leukemia) cell lines, and a highly active 5-fluoro-3-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenemethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (3a) was identified and subjected to in-depth investigation of cytotoxicity mechanisms. This compound was found to possess the highest cytotoxic action towards tumor cells comparing with the action of other derivatives (1, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e). Compound 3a exhibited toxicity toward MCF-7, HCT116, and A549, HepG2 cancer cells, while the non-malignant cells (human keratinocytes of HaCaT line and murine embryonic fibroblasts of Balb/c 3T3 line) possessed moderate sensitivity to it. The compound 3a induced apoptosis in studied tumor cells via caspase 3-, PARP1-, and Bax-dependent mechanisms; however, it did not affect the G1/S transition in HepG2 cells. The compound 3a impaired nuclear DNA in HepG2, HCT116, and MCF-7 cells without intercalating this biomolecule, but much less DNA damage events were induced by 3a in normal Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts compared with HepG2 carcinoma cells. Thus, 5-fluoro-3-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenemethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester 3a was shown to trigger DNA damage and induce apoptosis of human tumor cells and it might be considered as an anticancer agent perspective for in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kryshchyshyn-Dylevych
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv 79010, Ukraine
| | - Lidia Radko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Nataliya Finiuk
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | - Nataliya Kashchak
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andrzej Posyniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Niemczuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Str. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv 79010, Ukraine; Department of Public Health, Dietetics and Lifestyle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
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Mech D, Kurowska A, Trotsko N. The Bioactivity of Thiazolidin-4-Ones: A Short Review of the Most Recent Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11533. [PMID: 34768964 PMCID: PMC8584074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazolidin-4-ones is an important heterocyclic ring system of a pharmacophore and a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry. This review is focused on the latest scientific reports regarding biological activities of thiazolidin-4-ones published in 2020 and 2021. The review covers recent information about antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antitubercular and antiviral properties of thiazolidin-4-ones. Additionally, the influence of different substituents in molecules on their biological activity was discussed in this paper. Thus, this study may help to optimize the structure of thiazolidin-4-one derivatives as more efficient drug agents. Presented information may be used as a practical hint for rational design of new small molecules with biological activity, especially among thiazolidin-4-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nazar Trotsko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.M.); (A.K.)
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Concentration and solvent dependent SERS, DFT, MD simulations and molecular docking studies of a thioxothiazolidine derivative with antimicrobial properties. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Horishny V, Kartsev V, Matiychuk V, Geronikaki A, Anthi P, Pogodin P, Poroikov V, Ivanov M, Kostic M, Soković MD, Eleftheriou P. 3-Amino-5-(indol-3-yl)methylene-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidine Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, Computational and Biological Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090229. [PMID: 32883028 PMCID: PMC7559366 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the design, synthesis, computational, and experimental evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of fourteen new 3-amino-5-(indol-3-yl) methylene-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidine derivatives. The structures were designed, and their antimicrobial activity and toxicity were predicted in silico. All synthesized compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against eight Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Their activity exceeded those of ampicillin and (for the majority of compounds) streptomycin. The most sensitive bacterium was S. aureus (American Type Culture Collection ATCC 6538), while L. monocytogenes (NCTC 7973) was the most resistant. The best antibacterial activity was observed for compound 5d (Z)-N-(5-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)-4-hydroxybenzamide (Minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC at 37.9–113.8 μM, and Minimal bactericidal concentration MBC at 57.8–118.3 μM). Three most active compounds 5d, 5g, and 5k being evaluated against three resistant strains, Methicillin resistant Staphilococcus aureus (MRSA), P. aeruginosa, and E. coli, were more potent against MRSA than ampicillin (MIC at 248–372 μM, MBC at 372–1240 μM). At the same time, streptomycin (MIC at 43–172 μM, MBC at 86–344 μM) did not show bactericidal activity at all. The compound 5d was also more active than ampicillin towards resistant P. aeruginosa strain. Antifungal activity of all compounds exceeded those of the reference antifungal agents bifonazole (MIC at 480–640 μM, and MFC at 640–800 μM) and ketoconazole (MIC 285–475 μM and MFC 380–950 μM). The best activity was exhibited by compound 5g. The most sensitive fungal was T. viride (IAM 5061), while A. fumigatus (human isolate) was the most resistant. Low cytotoxicity against HEK-293 human embryonic kidney cell line and reasonable selectivity indices were shown for the most active compounds 5d, 5g, 5k, 7c using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide MTT assay. The docking studies indicated a probable involvement of E. coli Mur B inhibition in the antibacterial action, while CYP51 inhibition is likely responsible for the antifungal activity of the tested compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Horishny
- Department of Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Victor Kartsev
- InterBioScreen, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Vasyl Matiychuk
- Department of Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kyryla i Mefodia 6, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-23-1099-7616
| | - Petrou Anthi
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Pavel Pogodin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya Street 10 Bldg.8, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (P.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Vladimir Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya Street 10 Bldg.8, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (P.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research, Siniša, Stanković-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.K.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Marina Kostic
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research, Siniša, Stanković-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.K.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Marina D. Soković
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research, Siniša, Stanković-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.K.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Phaedra Eleftheriou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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