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Gossios TD. Smoking in childhood and early adolescence: A case of the early bird not catching the worm. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 28:e1-e2. [PMID: 33611475 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319884372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Gossios
- Cardiology Department, St Thomas’ Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
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2
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Thomas KH, Dalili MN, López-López JA, Keeney E, Phillippo D, Munafò MR, Stevenson M, Caldwell DM, Welton NJ. Smoking cessation medicines and e-cigarettes: a systematic review, network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Technol Assess 2021; 25:1-224. [PMID: 34668482 DOI: 10.3310/hta25590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of early death. Varenicline [Champix (UK), Pfizer Europe MA EEIG, Brussels, Belgium; or Chantix (USA), Pfizer Inc., Mission, KS, USA], bupropion (Zyban; GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) and nicotine replacement therapy are licensed aids for quitting smoking in the UK. Although not licensed, e-cigarettes may also be used in English smoking cessation services. Concerns have been raised about the safety of these medicines and e-cigarettes. OBJECTIVES To determine the clinical effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation medicines and e-cigarettes. DESIGN Systematic reviews, network meta-analyses and cost-effectiveness analysis informed by the network meta-analysis results. SETTING Primary care practices, hospitals, clinics, universities, workplaces, nursing or residential homes. PARTICIPANTS Smokers aged ≥ 18 years of all ethnicities using UK-licensed smoking cessation therapies and/or e-cigarettes. INTERVENTIONS Varenicline, bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy as monotherapies and in combination treatments at standard, low or high dose, combination nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarette monotherapies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Effectiveness - continuous or sustained abstinence. Safety - serious adverse events, major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse neuropsychiatric events. DATA SOURCES Ten databases, reference lists of relevant research articles and previous reviews. Searches were performed from inception until 16 March 2017 and updated on 19 February 2019. REVIEW METHODS Three reviewers screened the search results. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed by one reviewer and checked by the other reviewers. Network meta-analyses were conducted for effectiveness and safety outcomes. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using an amended version of the Benefits of Smoking Cessation on Outcomes model. RESULTS Most monotherapies and combination treatments were more effective than placebo at achieving sustained abstinence. Varenicline standard plus nicotine replacement therapy standard (odds ratio 5.75, 95% credible interval 2.27 to 14.90) was ranked first for sustained abstinence, followed by e-cigarette low (odds ratio 3.22, 95% credible interval 0.97 to 12.60), although these estimates have high uncertainty. We found effect modification for counselling and dependence, with a higher proportion of smokers who received counselling achieving sustained abstinence than those who did not receive counselling, and higher odds of sustained abstinence among participants with higher average dependence scores. We found that bupropion standard increased odds of serious adverse events compared with placebo (odds ratio 1.27, 95% credible interval 1.04 to 1.58). There were no differences between interventions in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events. There was evidence of increased odds of major adverse neuropsychiatric events for smokers randomised to varenicline standard compared with those randomised to bupropion standard (odds ratio 1.43, 95% credible interval 1.02 to 2.09). There was a high level of uncertainty about the most cost-effective intervention, although all were cost-effective compared with nicotine replacement therapy low at the £20,000 per quality-adjusted life-year threshold. E-cigarette low appeared to be most cost-effective in the base case, followed by varenicline standard plus nicotine replacement therapy standard. When the impact of major adverse neuropsychiatric events was excluded, varenicline standard plus nicotine replacement therapy standard was most cost-effective, followed by varenicline low plus nicotine replacement therapy standard. When limited to licensed interventions in the UK, nicotine replacement therapy standard was most cost-effective, followed by varenicline standard. LIMITATIONS Comparisons between active interventions were informed almost exclusively by indirect evidence. Findings were imprecise because of the small numbers of adverse events identified. CONCLUSIONS Combined therapies of medicines are among the most clinically effective, safe and cost-effective treatment options for smokers. Although the combined therapy of nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline at standard doses was the most effective treatment, this is currently unlicensed for use in the UK. FUTURE WORK Researchers should examine the use of these treatments alongside counselling and continue investigating the long-term effectiveness and safety of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation compared with active interventions such as nicotine replacement therapy. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42016041302. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 59. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla H Thomas
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael N Dalili
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - José A López-López
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Edna Keeney
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David Phillippo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Matt Stevenson
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Deborah M Caldwell
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicky J Welton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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3
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Phenomenological insight into the motivation to quit smoking. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 131:108583. [PMID: 34535321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quitting tobacco is often viewed as a difficult experience as the dependence includes sets of behavioral, cognitive, social, and physiologic phenomena that prevent most smokers from having a successful first attempt of quitting. The aim of this qualitative study was to gain insight into and understand the motivation for attempts to quit smoking in relation to the stages of the behavior change model. METHOD The study team based this qualitative study on Alfred Schütz's social phenomenology framework. The study team planned for fourteen in-depth interviews with patients registered at a Quit Smoking Clinic. Each in-depth session lasted 45-60 min and we audio recorded them with consent. Following full verbatim transcription, the study team carried out detailed thematic analysis using Nvivo software. RESULTS Out of a total of 14 patients, 10 agreed to participate (response rate 71.4%). Seven participants (70%) had successfully quit smoking, while the remaining 30% relapsed after the first quit attempt. The study team extracted from the data three key themes with eight child nodes: barriers to quitting smoking, reasons for quit attempt, and how to quit. Unsuccessful attempts were related to tobacco addiction and successful attempts were based on the need to improve one's health and family. The study explored two intrinsic (self-realization and healthy lifestyle) and two extrinsic motivations (family's health and role model for children) for attempting to quit. CONCLUSION The study highlights the importance of psychological support in successful quit attempts. Treatment providers should encourage behavior change through intrinsic goals, as such goals, compared to extrinsic goals, have a long-term and positive impact because they can activate autonomous motivation.
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Lafont M, Morin C, Arrouy A, Rabeau A, Labouret G, Roditis L, Michelet M, Mittaine M. Pediatrician intervention impacts parental smoking in cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:1716-1723. [PMID: 33480170 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child exposure to cigarette smoke is harmful. It should be reduced through parental smoking cessation interventions. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of simple advice provided by the pediatrician on the smoking habits of parents of children with cystic fibrosis (CF), diabetes mellitus (DM), and infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis. METHODS Parents were interviewed on their smoking habits. Smoking cessation advice was provided by the pediatrician. A new smoking habits assessment was done at 3 months by phone interviews. RESULTS A total of 260 parents were interviewed (91 in the CF group, 136 in the DM group, and 33 in the bronchiolitis group). A total of 70 parents were active smokers: 33% of parents of children with CF, 23.5% of parents of children with DM, and 24.2% for those with infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis (p = .42). In the CF group, smoking cessation had been significantly more frequently discussed with the medical team previously. A total of 67 smoking parents (95.7%) answered the 3-month assessment: 29.8% reported having started a smoking cessation process; 10.4% had quit smoking. The quitting rate was significantly higher in the groups of patients followed for a respiratory disorder (37.5% for bronchiolitis, 15% for CF vs. 0% for DM, p = .005). CONCLUSION This study shows the important role that information and simple advice from pediatricians can have in initiating smoking cessation in parents of patients followed in specialized clinics or who are hospitalized, with a greater efficiency in parents of patients suffering from lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lafont
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie pédiatrique-CRCM, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Carole Morin
- Service de Diabétologie pédiatrique, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Amélie Arrouy
- Service de Diabétologie pédiatrique, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Rabeau
- Unité de Coordination d'Aide au Sevrage Tabagique, Hôpital Larrey, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Géraldine Labouret
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie pédiatrique-CRCM, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Léa Roditis
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie pédiatrique-CRCM, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Michelet
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie pédiatrique-CRCM, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Mittaine
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie pédiatrique-CRCM, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Scheffers-van Schayck T, Mujcic A, Otten R, Engels R, Kleinjan M. The Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Interventions Tailored to Smoking Parents of Children Aged 0–18 Years: A Meta-Analysis. Eur Addict Res 2021; 27:278-293. [PMID: 33311028 PMCID: PMC8315688 DOI: 10.1159/000511145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions tailored to parents of children aged 0-18 years. METHODS A systematic search was carried out in PsycInfo, Embase, and PubMed in March 2020. A manual search of the reference lists of the included studies and systematic reviews related to the topic was also performed. Two authors independently screened the studies based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) effect studies with control groups that examine smoking cessation interventions tailored to parents of children (0-18 years), and (2) full-text original articles written in English and published between January 1990 and February 2020. In total, 18 studies were included in the analyses. The TiDieR checklist and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 were used to extract data and to assess the risk of bias. Consensus among authors was reached at each stage. RESULTS Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. With a total number of 8,560 parents, the pooled relative risk was 1.62 (95% CI 1.38-1.90; p < 0.00001), showing a modest effect of the interventions on smoking cessation. Overall, 13.1% of the parents in the intervention conditions reported abstinence versus 8.4% of the parents in the control conditions. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Smoking cessation interventions tailored to parents are modestly effective. To increase the effectiveness and the impact of these interventions in terms of controlling tobacco use and public health, it is crucial for further research to explore how these interventions can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Scheffers-van Schayck
- Epidemiology and Research Support, Trimbos Institute − Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,*Tessa Scheffers-van Schayck, Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Epidemiology and Research Support, Da Costakade 45, NL–3521 VS Utrecht (The Netherlands),
| | - Ajla Mujcic
- Drugs Monitoring and Policy, Trimbos Institute − Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Otten
- Research and Development, Pluryn, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Psychology, ASU REACH Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA,Developmental Psychopathology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger Engels
- Executive Board, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Kleinjan
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Youth, Trimbos Institute − Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Brown TJ, Gentry S, Bauld L, Boyle EM, Clarke P, Hardeman W, Holland R, Naughton F, Orton S, Ussher M, Notley C. Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques within Interventions to Reduce Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7731. [PMID: 33105823 PMCID: PMC7660048 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Children are particularly vulnerable to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). There is no routine support to reduce ETS in the home. We systematically reviewed trials to reduce ETS in children in order to identify intervention characteristics and behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to inform future interventions. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register from January 2017 to June 2020 to update an existing systematic review. We included controlled trials to reduce parent/caregiver smoking or ETS in children <12 years that demonstrated a statistically significant benefit, in comparison to less intensive interventions or usual care. We extracted trial characteristics; and BCTs using Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1. We defined "promising" BCTs as those present in at least 25% of effective interventions. Data synthesis was narrative. We included 16 trials, of which eight were at low risk of bias. All trials used counselling in combination with self-help or other supporting materials. We identified 13 "promising" BCTs centred on education, setting goals and planning, or support to reach goals. Interventions to reduce ETS in children should incorporate effective BCTs and consider counselling and self-help as mechanisms of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey J. Brown
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.G.); (P.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Sarah Gentry
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.G.); (P.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Linda Bauld
- Usher Institute and SPECTRUM Consortium, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK;
| | - Elaine M. Boyle
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
| | - Paul Clarke
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.G.); (P.C.); (C.N.)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - Wendy Hardeman
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (W.H.); (F.N.)
| | - Richard Holland
- Leicester Medical School, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK;
| | - Felix Naughton
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (W.H.); (F.N.)
| | - Sophie Orton
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Michael Ussher
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK;
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Caitlin Notley
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.G.); (P.C.); (C.N.)
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Lim KH, Ghazali SM, Lim HL, Kee CC, Cheah YK, Singh BSGP, Heng PP, Teh CH, Cheong YL, Lim JH. Tobacco use and other aspects related to smoking among school-going adolescents aged 13-15 years in Malaysia: Analysis of three cross-sectional nationally representative surveys in 2003, 2009 and 2016. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:80. [PMID: 33013276 PMCID: PMC7528268 DOI: 10.18332/tid/127231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodic surveys on tobacco use patterns and other aspects of tobacco use among school-going adolescents in Malaysia provide information on the effectiveness of anti-smoking measures implemented. However, such information is limited in Malaysia. We investigated the prevalence of smoking and other related aspects among middle-secondary school students in Malaysia from the years 2003-2016 to fill this gap. METHODS We analyzed data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2003, GYTS 2009, and the Tobacco and Electronic Cigarette Survey among Malaysia Adolescents (TECMA) 2016. The surveys employed multistage sampling to select representative samples of adolescents attending secondary school in Malaysia. Data were collected using a pre-validated self-administered anonymous questionnaire adopted from the GYTS. RESULTS Between 2003 and 2016, major changes occurred in which there were reductions in the prevalence of ever smoking, current smoking, and susceptibility to smoking. Reductions were also observed in exposure to SHS in public places and in the home. The proportion of school-going adolescents who support a ban on smoking in public places increased between 2013 to 2016, and there was a significant reduction in the proportion of respondents that were offered 'free' cigarettes by tobacco company representatives. However, there was no difference in the proportion of adolescents who initiated smoking before the age of 10 years and current smokers seeking advice to quit smoking across the time period. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the smoking policies and measures have been effective in reducing smoking prevalence, secondhand smoke exposure, and access to cigarettes, among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. However, measures to reduce smoking initiation and increase smoking cessation need to be strengthened to reduce the burden of smoking-related diseases in Malaysia in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang H. Lim
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sumarni M. Ghazali
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui L. Lim
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Sulltan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Chee C. Kee
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Sector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institute of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yong K. Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | | | - Pei P. Heng
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chien H. Teh
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yoon L. Cheong
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia H. Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Oates GR, Harris WT, Gutierrez HH, Mims C, Rutland SB, Ott C, Niranjan SJ, Scarinci IC, Walley SC. Tobacco smoke exposure in pediatric cystic fibrosis: A qualitative study of clinician and caregiver perspectives on smoking cessation. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:2330-2340. [PMID: 32511883 PMCID: PMC7686064 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tobacco smoke exposure has negative impacts on the lung health of children with cystic fibrosis (CF), yet evidence-based strategies for smoking cessation have not been tested with or tailored to CF caregivers. This qualitative study identified barriers and facilitators of smoking cessation in this population and outlined potential interventional approaches. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews with CF familial caregivers who were current or former smokers, and with members of the CF care team. We asked about experiences, practices, and prerequisites for a successful program. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded by two investigators. Analysis used a thematic approach guided by the PRECEDE model, which identifies predisposing (intrapersonal), reinforcing (interpersonal), and enabling (structural) factors relevant to health behaviors and programs. RESULTS Seventeen interviews were conducted-eight with familial caregivers and nine with CF team members. Whereas caregivers provided greater insight into internal difficulties and motivators to quit smoking, clinicians offered more extensive input on barriers and solutions related to the clinical environment. Based on study recommendations, a successful tobacco cessation program should include (a) family education about the harms of smoke exposure for children with CF; (b) screening for exposure, ideally with biochemical verification; (c) access to trained tobacco counselors; (d) affordable pharmacotherapy; and (e) outpatient follow-up of those undergoing tobacco treatment. CONCLUSION This qualitative study revealed intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural barriers to eliminating tobacco smoke exposure in children with CF, outlined opportunities to address these barriers, and made recommendations for a comprehensive tobacco cessation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela R Oates
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William T Harris
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Hector H Gutierrez
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Cathy Mims
- Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sarah B Rutland
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Corilyn Ott
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Soumya J Niranjan
- Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Isabel C Scarinci
- Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Susan C Walley
- Pediatric Hospital Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Coughlin SS, Vernon M, Majeed B, Clary C, Moore J, Islam K, Tingen MS. Tobacco Cessation, Rural Residence, and Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 6:1-4. [PMID: 33163626 PMCID: PMC7644114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven S. Coughlin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Corresponding author: Professor Steven S. Coughlin, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, AE-1042, Augusta, GA 30912, Tel: (706) 721-2270;
| | - Marlo Vernon
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Ban Majeed
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Catherine Clary
- Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Justin Moore
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - K.M. Islam
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Martha S. Tingen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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Proactive Telephone Smoking Cessation Counseling Tailored to Parents: Results of a Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152730. [PMID: 31370191 PMCID: PMC6696299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A recent Dutch efficacy trial showed the efficacy of a telephone smoking cessation counseling tailored to smoking parents. Currently, it is unknown whether such telephone counseling would be effective under more real-world conditions. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of parent-tailored telephone smoking cessation counseling in a two-arm randomized controlled effectiveness trial and whether the effectiveness depended on the recruitment approaches that were used to recruit parents (mass media vs. health care). In total, 87 parents received either telephone counseling (intervention) or a self-help brochure (control). Parents were asked to complete questionnaires at baseline and three months post-intervention. Results showed that the odds of reporting 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at three months post-intervention was 7.54 higher for parents who received telephone counseling than for parents in the control condition (53.3% vs. 13.2%, 95% CI = 2.49–22.84). Because inclusion was lower than anticipated, interaction-effects of condition and recruitment approach could not be interpreted. The present study demonstrates that the parent-tailored smoking cessation telephone counseling is effective in helping parents to quit smoking. Yet, before large-scale implementation, future research should focus on how recruitment of parents via the recruitment approaches could be improved.
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