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Protonotarios A, Wicks E. The role of FDG-PET imaging in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2023; 391:131275. [PMID: 37604285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Protonotarios
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK; Inherited Cardiovascular Disease Unit, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Eleanor Wicks
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK; Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions (ICC) Service, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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2
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Using Zebrafish Animal Model to Study the Genetic Underpinning and Mechanism of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044106. [PMID: 36835518 PMCID: PMC9966228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is largely an autosomal dominant genetic disorder manifesting fibrofatty infiltration and ventricular arrhythmia with predominantly right ventricular involvement. ACM is one of the major conditions associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death, most notably in young individuals and athletes. ACM has strong genetic determinants, and genetic variants in more than 25 genes have been identified to be associated with ACM, accounting for approximately 60% of ACM cases. Genetic studies of ACM in vertebrate animal models such as zebrafish (Danio rerio), which are highly amenable to large-scale genetic and drug screenings, offer unique opportunities to identify and functionally assess new genetic variants associated with ACM and to dissect the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms at the whole-organism level. Here, we summarize key genes implicated in ACM. We discuss the use of zebrafish models, categorized according to gene manipulation approaches, such as gene knockdown, gene knock-out, transgenic overexpression, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in, to study the genetic underpinning and mechanism of ACM. Information gained from genetic and pharmacogenomic studies in such animal models can not only increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of disease progression, but also guide disease diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.
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3
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Belerenian G, Donati PA, Rodríguez CD, Castillo V, Guevara JM, Olivares RWI. Left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in a Fila Brasileiro dog. Open Vet J 2022; 12:495-501. [PMID: 36118724 PMCID: PMC9473371 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2022.v12.i4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In human medicine, arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy was described as a primary disease of the heart characterized by fibroadipose replacement of the myocardium.. CASE DESCRIPTION We report the case of a dog, with history of syncope and irregular cardiac rhythm. Electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and a 24-hour Holter monitoring showed, respectively, the presence of premature ventricular complexes with right bundle branch block morphology, an increase of the left ventricle end-diastolic diameter with preserved fractional shortening and ejection fraction, and a sinus arrhythmia as baseline rhythm with supraventricular tachycardia episodes and ventricular complexes with left bundle branch block morphology. After the death of the canine, a postmortem examination showed cardiomegaly. Fibroadipose replacement of the septum and both ventricles, with left ventricle myocardial fibrosis, suggestive of previous necrosis, was observed. CONCLUSION These findings are suggestive of left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been described in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Alejandro Donati
- UCICOOP, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Anestesiología y Algiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Roberto Walter Israel Olivares
- Servicio de Patología Diagnóstica LAPAVET-ESFA, Cátedra de Patología e Histología, Escuela de Medicina y Cirugía Veterinaria San Francisco de Asís, Universidad Veritas, San José, Costa Rica
- Corresponding Author: Roberto Walter Israel Olivares. Servicio de Patología Diagnóstica LAPAVET-ESFA, Cátedra de Patología e Histología, Escuela de Medicina y Cirugía Veterinaria San Francisco de Asís, Universidad Veritas, San José, Costa Rica.
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4
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Tennyson CD, Yapejian R. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Overview and Case Study. AACN Adv Crit Care 2022; 33:14-22. [PMID: 35259221 DOI: 10.4037/aacnacc2022384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This article provides a broad overview of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, including evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment options. Nursing considerations and clinical management are reviewed through the lens of a case study. Early diagnosis to prevent sudden cardiac death is essential for patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina D Tennyson
- Carolina D. Tennyson is a Nurse Practitioner specializing in the advanced heart failure population at the Duke Heart Center, Durham, North Carolina, and an Assistant Professor at Duke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, Office 3112, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Rebecca Yapejian
- Rebecca Yapejian is a Nurse Practitioner specializing in clinical cardiac electrophysiology and implantable cardiac device management at the Duke Heart Center, Durham, North Carolina
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5
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Manole S, Pintican R, Popa G, Rancea R, Dadarlat-Pop A, Vulturar R, Palade E. Diagnostic Challenges in Rare Causes of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy—The Role of Cardiac MRI. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020187. [PMID: 35207675 PMCID: PMC8878419 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a rare genetic condition of the myocardium, with a significantly high risk of sudden death. Recent genetic research and improved understanding of the pathophysiology tend to change the ARVD definition towards a larger spectrum of myocardial involvement, which includes, in various proportions, both the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV), currently referred to as ACM (arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy). Its pathological substrate is defined by the replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibrous adipose tissue that further leads to inadequate electrical impulses and translates into varies degrees of malignant ventricular arrythmias and dyskinetic myocardium movements. Particularly, the cardio-cutaneous syndromes of Carvajal/Naxos represent rare causes of ACM that might be suspected from early childhood. The diagnostic is sometimes challenging, even with well-established rTFC or Padua criteria, especially for pediatric patients or ACM with LV involvement. Cardiac MRI gain more and more importance in ACM diagnostic especially in non-classical forms. Furthermore, MRI is useful in highlighting myocardial fibrosis, fatty replacement or wall movement with high accuracy, thus guiding not only the depiction, but also the patient’s stratification and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Manole
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 8, Victor Babes St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Radiology, “Niculae Stancioiu” Heart Institute, 19-21, Calea Motilor St., 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Pintican
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 8, Victor Babes St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (G.P.)
| | - George Popa
- Department of Radiology, “Niculae Stancioiu” Heart Institute, 19-21, Calea Motilor St., 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Raluca Rancea
- Department of Cardiology, “Niculae Stăncioiu” Heart Institute, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.R.); (A.D.-P.)
| | - Alexandra Dadarlat-Pop
- Department of Cardiology, “Niculae Stăncioiu” Heart Institute, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.R.); (A.D.-P.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 8, Victor Babes, St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romana Vulturar
- Department of Molecular Sciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Emanuel Palade
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 8, Victor Babes, St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, “Leon Daniello” Pneumophtysiology Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu Street, Nr 6, 400332 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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6
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Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Risk Stratification in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. CARDIOGENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics11040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetically determined myocardial disease associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). It is most frequently caused by mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. However, there is growing evidence that ACM is not exclusively a desmosome disease but rather appears to be a disease of the connexoma. Fibroadipose replacement of the right ventricle (RV) had long been the hallmark of ACM, although biventricular involvement or predominant involvement of the left ventricle (LD-ACM) is increasingly found, raising the challenge of differential diagnosis with arrhythmogenic dilated cardiomyopathy (a-DCM). A-DCM, ACM, and LD-ACM are increasingly acknowledged as a single nosological entity, the hallmark of which is electrical instability. Our aim was to analyze the complex molecular mechanisms underlying arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies, outlining the role of inflammation and autoimmunity in disease pathophysiology. Secondly, we present the clinical tools used in the clinical diagnosis of ACM. Focusing on the challenge of defining the risk of sudden death in this clinical setting, we present available risk stratification strategies. Lastly, we summarize the role of genetics and imaging in risk stratification, guiding through the appropriate patient selection for ICD implantation.
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7
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Svensson A, Platonov PG, Haugaa KH, Zareba W, Jensen HK, Bundgaard H, Gilljam T, Madsen T, Hansen J, Dejgaard LA, Karlsson LO, Gréen A, Polonsky B, Edvardsen T, Svendsen JH, Gunnarsson C. Genetic Variant Score and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Phenotype in Plakophilin-2 Mutation Carriers. Cardiology 2021; 146:763-771. [PMID: 34469894 DOI: 10.1159/000519231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whether detailed genetic information contributes to risk stratification of patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) remains uncertain. Pathogenic genetic variants in some genes seem to carry a higher risk for arrhythmia and earlier disease onset than others, but comparisons between variants in the same gene have not been done. Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) score is a bioinformatics tool that measures the pathogenicity of each genetic variant. We hypothesized that a higher CADD score is associated with arrhythmic events and earlier age at ARVC manifestations in individuals carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic genetic variants in plakophilin-2 (PKP2). METHODS CADD scores were calculated using the data from pooled Scandinavian and North American ARVC cohorts, and their association with cardiac events defined as ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) or syncope and age at definite ARVC diagnosis were assessed. RESULTS In total, 33 unique genetic variants were reported in 179 patients (90 males, 71 probands, 96 with definite ARVC diagnosis at a median age of 35 years). Cardiac events were reported in 76 individuals (43%), of whom 53 had sustained VT/VF (35%). The CADD score was neither associated with age at cardiac events (HR 1.002, 95% CI: 0.953-1.054, p = 0.933) nor with age at definite ARVC diagnosis (HR 0.992, 95% CI: 0.947-1.039, p = 0.731). CONCLUSION No correlation was found between CADD scores and clinical manifestations of ARVC, indicating that the score has no additional risk stratification value among carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic PKP2 genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Svensson
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pyotr G Platonov
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Arrhythmia Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina H Haugaa
- Department of Cardiology, Centre for Cardiological Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wojciech Zareba
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Henrik Kjærulf Jensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Unit for Inherited Cardiac Diseases, The Heart Center, The National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Gilljam
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Trine Madsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jim Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lars A Dejgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Centre for Cardiological Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars O Karlsson
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Gréen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Thor Edvardsen
- Department of Cardiology, Centre for Cardiological Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jesper Hastrup Svendsen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, and Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia (DARC), Copenhagen, Denmark and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Gunnarsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Centre for Rare Diseases in Southeast Region of Sweden, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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8
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Saturi G, Caponetti AG, Leone O, Lovato L, Longhi S, Graziosi M, Ditaranto R, Biffi M, Galiè N, Biagini E. Cum Grano Salis: Cardiac Sarcoidosis as a Perfect Mimic of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 14:e012355. [PMID: 34187167 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.120.012355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Saturi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.).,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., R.D., N.G.)
| | - Angelo Giuseppe Caponetti
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.).,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., R.D., N.G.)
| | - Ornella Leone
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (O.L.)
| | - Luigi Lovato
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (L.L.)
| | - Simone Longhi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.)
| | - Maddalena Graziosi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.)
| | - Raffaello Ditaranto
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.).,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., R.D., N.G.)
| | - Mauro Biffi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.)
| | - Nazzareno Galiè
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.).,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., R.D., N.G.)
| | - Elena Biagini
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, St. Orsola Hospital, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy (G.S., A.G.C., S.L., M.G., R.D., M.B., N.G., E.B.)
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Lin YN, Ibrahim A, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: role of inflammation. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:39. [PMID: 34089132 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00877-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is an inherited disease characterized by progressive breakdown of heart muscle, myocardial tissue death, and fibrofatty replacement. In most cases of AC, the primary lesion occurs in one of the genes encoding desmosomal proteins, disruption of which increases membrane fragility at the intercalated disc. Disrupted, exposed desmosomal proteins also serve as epitopes that can trigger an autoimmune reaction. Damage to cell membranes and autoimmunity provoke myocardial inflammation, a key feature in early stages of the disease. In several preclinical models, targeting inflammation has been shown to blunt disease progression, but translation to the clinic has been sparse. Here we review current understanding of inflammatory pathways and how they interact with injured tissue and the immune system in AC. We further discuss the potential role of immunomodulatory therapies in AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Nien Lin
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Hemi- and Homozygous Loss-of-Function Mutations in DSG2 (Desmoglein-2) Cause Recessive Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy with an Early Onset. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073786. [PMID: 33917638 PMCID: PMC8038858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
About 50% of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) carry a pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutation in the desmosomal genes. However, there is a significant number of patients without positive familial anamnesis. Therefore, the molecular reasons for ACM in these patients are frequently unknown and a genetic contribution might be underestimated. Here, we used a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach and in addition single nucleotide polymor-phism (SNP) arrays for the genetic analysis of two independent index patients without familial medical history. Of note, this genetic strategy revealed a homozygous splice site mutation (DSG2–c.378+1G>T) in the first patient and a nonsense mutation (DSG2–p.L772X) in combination with a large deletion in DSG2 in the second one. In conclusion, a recessive inheritance pattern is likely for both cases, which might contribute to the hidden medical history in both families. This is the first report about these novel loss-of-function mutations in DSG2 that have not been previously identi-fied. Therefore, we suggest performing deep genetic analyses using NGS in combination with SNP arrays also for ACM index patients without obvious familial medical history. In the future, this finding might has relevance for the genetic counseling of similar cases.
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11
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Yokota T, Wang Y. Damage control in broken heart-DNA damage response as a common path in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2297-2298. [PMID: 33693630 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yokota
- Department of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, at Los Angeles
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, at Los Angeles
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12
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Asimaki A. Editorial commentary: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: An in-depth look at molecular mechanisms and clinical correlates. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2020; 31:403-404. [PMID: 32750496 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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