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Ha NM, Son NT. Health benefits of fraxetin: From chemistry to medicine. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400092. [PMID: 38501886 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Fraxetin is a bioactive molecule present in various natural plants, especially Cortex Fraxini. Evidenced outcomes in phytochemical and biological analyses for this agent are now available in the literature, but an insightful review is yet unknown. The goal of the current research is to offer a panoramic illustration of natural observation, biosynthesis, synthesis, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics for fraxetin. Esculetin and ferulic acid acted as precursors in the enzymatic biosynthetic route, whereas fraxetin could be easily synthesized from simple phenols. A great deal of interest was obtained in using this molecule for pharmacological targets. Herein, its pharmacological value included anticancer, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and antimicrobial activities, as well as the protection of the liver, neurons, heart, bone, lung, kidney, and others. Anticancer activity may involve the inhibition of proliferation, invasion, and migration, together with apoptotic induction. Health benefits from this molecule were deduced from its ability to suppress cytokines and protect the immune syndrome. Various signaling pathways, such as Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/NLRP3, Akt/AMPK, have been proposed for in vitro and in vivo mechanisms of action. Fraxetin is highly distributed to rat plasma and several organs. However, more pharmacokinetic studies to improve its bioavailability are needed since its solubility in water is still limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Manh Ha
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam
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2
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Weng M, Deng Z, Huang S, Lin X, Xu N, Sun X, Wu W, Lu J, Wang D. Fraxetin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of bladder cancer through the Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23556. [PMID: 37867445 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Fraxetin, a natural compound extracted from the Chinese herb Cortex Fraxini, is reported to boast extensive antitumor properties in various cancers. However, whether fraxetin exhibited an anticancer effect on bladder cancer remains unknown. In this study, cell counting kit-8 was utilized to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis was performed for cell apoptosis analysis. Western blot analysis and real-time PCR were used to ascertain gene expression analysis. A mouse bladder cancer xenograft model was established and subjected to fraxetin treatment. Fraxetin reduced the viability of bladder cancer cells, induced apoptosis in vitro, and inhibited the growth of bladder cancer in vivo. Fraxetin inhibited the Akt pathway in J82 cells. In conclusion, the growth inhibitory properties of fraxetin against bladder cancer may be mediated via an Akt inhibitory effect and cell apoptosis promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Weng
- Department of Urology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Deng
- Department of Urology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuijing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fujian Provincial People's Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Urology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Urology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weizhen Wu
- Department of Urology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Dongfang Hospital (900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force), Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Urology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Dongfang Hospital (900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force), Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
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Di Stasi LC. Natural Coumarin Derivatives Activating Nrf2 Signaling Pathway as Lead Compounds for the Design and Synthesis of Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040511. [PMID: 37111267 PMCID: PMC10142712 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor related to stress response and cellular homeostasis that plays a key role in maintaining the redox system. The imbalance of the redox system is a triggering factor for the initiation and progression of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Nrf2 and its inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) are the main regulators of oxidative stress and their activation has been recognized as a promising strategy for the treatment or prevention of several acute and chronic diseases. Moreover, activation of Nrf2/keap signaling pathway promotes inhibition of NF-κB, a transcriptional factor related to pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, synchronically promoting an anti-inflammatory response. Several natural coumarins have been reported as potent antioxidant and intestinal anti-inflammatory compounds, acting by different mechanisms, mainly as a modulator of Nrf2/keap signaling pathway. Based on in vivo and in vitro studies, this review focuses on the natural coumarins obtained from both plant products and fermentative processes of food plants by gut microbiota, which activate Nrf2/keap signaling pathway and produce intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. Although gut metabolites urolithin A and urolithin B as well as other plant-derived coumarins display intestinal anti-inflammatory activity modulating Nrf2 signaling pathway, in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary for better pharmacological characterization and evaluation of their potential as lead compounds. Esculetin, 4-methylesculetin, daphnetin, osthole, and imperatorin are the most promising coumarin derivatives as lead compounds for the design and synthesis of Nrf2 activators with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. However, further structure-activity relationships studies with coumarin derivatives in experimental models of intestinal inflammation and subsequent clinical trials in health and disease volunteers are essential to determine the efficacy and safety in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
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He BT, Liu ZH, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Advances in biosynthesis of scopoletin. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:152. [PMID: 35918699 PMCID: PMC9344664 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a typical example of coumarins, which can be produced in plants. Scopoletin acts as a precursor for pharmaceutical and health care products, and also possesses promising biological properties, including antibacterial, anti-tubercular, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperuricemic activity. Despite the potential benefits, the production of scopoletin using traditional extraction processes from plants is unsatisfactory. In recent years, synthetic biology has developed rapidly and enabled the effective construction of microbial cell factories for production of high value-added chemicals. Herein, this review summarizes the progress of scopoletin biosynthesis in artificial microbial cell factories. The two main pathways of scopoletin biosynthesis are summarized firstly. Then, synthetic microbial cell factories are reviewed as an attractive improvement strategy for biosynthesis. Emerging techniques in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering are introduced as innovative tools for the efficient synthesis of scopoletin. This review showcases the potential of biosynthesis of scopoletin in artificial microbial cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Tao He
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
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Kandeel S. Fraxetin with Low Dose Methotrexate Ameliorates Pristane-Induced Arthritis in Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2022.128.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Yang S, Ouyang J, Lu Y, Harypursat V, Chen Y. A Dual Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842858. [PMID: 35281042 PMCID: PMC8913507 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron metabolism is vital for the survival of both humans and microorganisms. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an essential stress-response enzyme highly expressed in the lungs, and catabolizes heme into ferrous iron, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin (BV)/bilirubin (BR), especially in pathological conditions which cause oxidative stress and inflammation. Ferrous iron (Fe2+) is an important raw material for the synthesis of hemoglobin in red blood cells, and patients with iron deficiency are often associated with decreased cellular immunity. CO and BR can inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, HO-1 is regarded as a cytoprotective molecule during the infection process. However, recent study has unveiled new information regarding HO-1. Being a highly infectious pathogenic bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection causes acute oxidative stress, and increases the expression of HO-1, which may in turn facilitate MTB survival and growth due to increased iron availability. Moreover, in severe cases of MTB infection, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free iron (Fe2+) due to high levels of HO-1 can lead to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, which may promote further MTB dissemination from cells undergoing ferroptosis. Therefore, it is important to understand and illustrate the dual role of HO-1 in tuberculosis. Herein, we critically review the interplay among HO-1, tuberculosis, and the host, thus paving the way for development of potential strategies for modulating HO-1 and iron metabolism.
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Targeting Oxidative Stress, NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Autophagy by Fraxetin to Combat Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111188. [PMID: 34832970 PMCID: PMC8621693 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin belongs to the class of anthracycline antibiotics that is widely used in the treatment protocols of a wide range of malignancies. The major deleterious effect of doxorubicin use is the possible occurrence of cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to delineate the possible effects of targeting oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome, and autophagy by fraxetin on doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats. In a model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, the effects of different doses of fraxetin were assessed by determination of biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic changes. Fraxetin, in a dose-dependent manner, was found to have the ability to mitigate the harmful effects of oxidative stress and inflammation on myocardial muscles with significant decrease in NLRP3 inflammasome, augmentation of autophagy, and amelioration of the apoptotic signaling pathways. In addition, fraxetin, in a dose-dependent manner, had the ability to combat the echocardiographic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic changes induced by doxorubicin in cardiomyocytes. As a result, fraxetin may be put into consideration as a new adjuvant line of therapy on the way to mitigate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Zhang T, Zhou B, Sun J, Song J, Nie L, Zhu K. Fraxetin suppresses reactive oxygen species-dependent autophagy by the PI3K/Akt pathway to inhibit isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neuronal cells. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:617-628. [PMID: 34553399 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Isoflurane, a common volatile anesthetic, has been widely used to provide general anesthesia in operations. However, exposure to isoflurane may cause widespread neurotoxicity in the developing animal brain. Fraxetin, a natural coumarin derivative extracted from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, possesses versatile pharmacological properties including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, the effect and action mechanism of fraxetin on neurotoxicity induced by isoflurane are unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and apoptosis were estimated by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining, MTT, LDH release, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining assays, respectively. The protein levels of light chain 3 (LC3)-I, LC3-II, p62, protein kinase B (Akt), and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were detected by western blot analysis. Isoflurane induced ROS, LDH release, apoptosis, and autophagy, but inhibited the viability in HT22 cells, which were overturned by fraxetin or ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Fraxetin suppressed isoflurane-induced PI3K/Akt inactivation in HT22 cells. PI3K/Akt inactivation by LY294002 resisted the effects of fraxetin on isoflurane-induced autophagy and autophagy-modulated neurotoxicity in HT22 cells. In conclusion, fraxetin suppressed ROS-dependent autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway to inhibit isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Botao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Junyi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Jiangling Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Limin Nie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Kairun Zhu
- Operating Room, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
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Xu Y, Lin H, Wang H, Pang J, Zhou Y. Fraxetin attenuates ferroptosis in myocardial infarction via AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:10315-10327. [PMID: 34650699 PMCID: PMC8507044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is the principal cause of mortality globally. Fraxetin (Fra) has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, the functional action of Fra in the progression of MI has never been elucidated. METHOD The in vivo model of MI was set up by ligating left anterior descending artery. The gene expression was tested by qRT-PCR and WB. The 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was applied to assess MI size. The cell viability was tested by MTT assay. Commercial kits were utilized to detect the activity of serum LDH and the levels of Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH). RESULTS Fra treatment could reduce the infraction size and restrain ferroptosis in rats with MI. Moreover, Fra reduced the activity of serum LDH, the accumulation of iron and the MDA level, and increased GSH and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in rats with MI. Furthermore, Fra protected H9C2 myocardial cells against OGD/R-induced ferroptosis by up-regulating HO-1. Moreover, Fra activated phosphorylation of AKT and Nrf2 nuclear accumulation in MI in vivo and in vitro models. Notably, silencing Nrf2 enhanced the ferroptosis in H9C2 cells induced by OGD/R, while LY, an inhibitor of AKT phosphorylation, diminished the inhibition of Fra. CONCLUSION Fra attenuated MI-induced ferroptosis via AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, providing a potential therapeutic agent for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili HospitalNingbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
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Miao Z, Zhang L, Gu M, Huang J, Wang X, Yan J, Xu Y, Wang L. Preparation of Fraxetin Long Circulating Liposome and Its Anti-enteritis Effect. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:110. [PMID: 33733385 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to improve the oral bioavailability and enhance the anti-enteritis effect of fraxetin by incorporating it into long circulating liposomes (F-LC-Lipo). The optimal formulation of F-LC-Lipo was obtained via orthogonal design. The particle size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, stability, and anti-enteritis effect of F-LC-Lipo were evaluated. The particle size of F-LC-Lipo was 166.65 ± 8.75 nm with entrapment efficiency (EE) of 92.18 ± 0.17%. The release rate in different dissolution media (pH 1.2 HCl, DDW, and pH 7.4 PBS) was significantly higher than that of fraxetin solution. Compared with the free fraxetin solution, F-LC-Lipo increased oral bioavailability of fraxetin by 4.43 times (443%). More importantly, F-LC-Lipo could improve the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), and IL-10 in rats with enteritis. Overall, these results suggested that LC-Lipo may serve as a potential carrier for improving the solubility and oral bioavailability of fraxetin as well as improving its enteritis effect.
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Huang D, Gao Y, Wang S, Zhang W, Cao H, Zheng L, Chen Y, Zhang S, Chen J. Impact of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on transcription and metabolite compositions in proliferation and functionalization of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13690. [PMID: 32792566 PMCID: PMC7426954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69430-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hASCs) and uncovered its stimulation mechanism. LIPUS at 30 mW/cm2 was applied for 5 min/day to promote the proliferation of hASCs. Flow cytometry was used to study the cell surface markers, cell cycle, and apoptosis of hASCs. The proliferation of hASCs was detected by cell counting kit-8, cell cycle assay, and RT-PCR. The expression of hASCs cytokines was determined by ELISA. The differences between transcriptional genes and metabolites were analyzed by transcript analysis and metabolomic profiling experiments. The number of cells increased after LIPUS stimulation, but there was no significant difference in cell surface markers. The results of flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and ELISA after LIPUS was administered showed that the G1 and S phases of the cell cycle were prolonged. The expression of cell proliferation related genes (CyclinD1 and c-myc) and the paracrine function related gene (SDF-1α) were up-regulated. The expression of cytokines was increased, while the apoptosis rate was decreased. The results of transcriptome experiments showed that there were significant differences in 27 genes;15 genes were up-regulated, while 12 genes were down-regulated. The results of metabolomics experiments showed significant differences in 30 metabolites; 7 metabolites were up-regulated, and 23 metabolites were down-regulated. LIPUS at 30 mW/cm2 intensity can promote the proliferation of hASCs cells in an undifferentiating state, and the stem-cell property of hASCs was maintained. CyclinD1 gene, c-myc gene, and various genes of transcription and products of metabolism play an essential role in cell proliferation. This study provides an important experimental and theoretical basis for the clinical application of LIPUS in promoting the proliferation of hASCs cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denggao Huang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Yuanhui Gao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Shunlan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Linlin Zheng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V4, Canada.
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Ren S, Xing Y, Wang C, Jiang F, Liu G, Li Z, Jiang T, Zhu Y, Piao D. Fraxetin inhibits the growth of colon adenocarcinoma cells via the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signalling pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 125:105777. [PMID: 32504672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fraxetin, extracted from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, has been shown to exhibit antitumour and anti-inflammatory pharmacological properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer activity towards colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is not well understood. We aimed to determine the antitumour effect of fraxetin on COAD cell lines and elucidate its biochemical and molecular targets. METHODS The cell lines HCT116 and DLD-1 were used to evaluate the in vitro antitumour efficacy of fraxetin. Cytotoxicity and viability were assessed by CCK-8 and plate colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis and cell cycle progression in fraxetin-treated COAD cells. Western blot, RT-qPCR, molecular docking, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses were used to gain insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms. Preclinical curative effects were evaluated in nude mouse xenograft models. RESULTS Fraxetin significantly inhibited COAD cell proliferation in both dose- and time-dependent manners, specifically by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest and triggering intrinsic apoptosis. Additionally, the level of p-JAK2 was decreased by fraxetin via the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signalling pathway. Interestingly, in COAD cells, fraxetin directly targeted the Y1007 and Y1008 residues of JAK2 to suppress its auto- or transphosphorylation, leading to decreased activation of its downstream effector STAT3 and blocking its nuclear translocation. Finally, fraxetin exhibited good tumour growth suppression activity and low toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Fraxetin inhibits the proliferation of COAD cells by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway, providing evidence that targeting JAK2 with fraxetin may offer a novel potential auxiliary therapy for COAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengbo Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengqi Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Coumarins as Modulators of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1675957. [PMID: 32377290 PMCID: PMC7196981 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1675957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system is a central defensive mechanism against oxidative stress which plays a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. Nrf2 is a redox-sensitive transcription factor controlling a variety of downstream antioxidant and cytodefensive genes. Nrf2 has a powerful anti-inflammatory activity mediated via modulating NF-κB. Therefore, pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment/prevention of several diseases that are underlined by both oxidative stress and inflammation. Coumarins are natural products with promising pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory efficacies. Coumarins are found in many plants, fungi, and bacteria and have been widely used as complementary and alternative medicines. Some coumarins have shown an ability to activate Nrf2 signaling in different cells and animal models. The present review compiles the research findings of seventeen coumarin derivatives of plant origin (imperatorin, visnagin, urolithin B, urolithin A, scopoletin, esculin, esculetin, umbelliferone, fraxetin, fraxin, daphnetin, anomalin, wedelolactone, glycycoumarin, osthole, hydrangenol, and isoimperatorin) as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, emphasizing the role of Nrf2 activation in their pharmacological activities. Additionally, molecular docking simulations were utilized to investigate the potential binding mode of these coumarins with Keap1 as a strategy to disrupt Keap1/Nrf2 protein-protein interaction and activate Nrf2 signaling.
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Wang Y, Xu Q, Shen Z, Wang Y, Dong L, Fu S, Yang L, Qin M, Zhang Y, Guo S. Simultaneous Determination of Eight Active Compounds in Baitouweng Decotion and its Single Herbs. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:502-510. [PMID: 30929002 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Baitouweng Decotion (BD) is a famous traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, which is composed of Pulsatilla chinensis (bunge) regel, Coptis chinensis franch., Phellodendron chinense and Cortex Fraxini. In this study, a simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection method was established for the simultaneous determination of eight marker compounds including Esculin, Fraxin, Esculetin, Fraxetin, Columbamine, Coptisine, Palmatine Chloride and Berberine hydrochloride in BD, the single herbs and their negative controls. The chromatographic separation was performed using an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column with a gradient elution system of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid (contained 0.2% triethylamine) solution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The results demonstrated that the validated method was simple, reliable and successfully applied to evaluate the selected compounds in water extraction (BDW) and ethanol extraction (BDE) of BD, the single herbs and their negative control for quality control. Moreover, the experimental data showed that the contents of the major active components detected in BDE were significantly higher than those in the BDW, while the BDW had several peaks BDE without. The paper also suggested a method to extract Fraxin, Esculin, Fraxetin, Esculetin and Berberine from Baitouweng Decotion more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical College Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2 Road, Bincheng Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China.,Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China.,Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China.,Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Shijun Fu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China.,Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Mimi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical College Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2 Road, Bincheng Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China.,Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
| | - Shijin Guo
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China.,Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, No. 169 Huanghe 2 Road, Economic-Technological Development Area, Binzhou, China
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Feng J, Luo J, Deng L, Zhong Y, Wen X, Cai Y, Li J. Naringenin-induced HO-1 ameliorates high glucose or free fatty acids-associated apoptosis via PI3K and JNK/Nrf2 pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105769. [PMID: 31351365 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin (NG), a flavanone extracted from various plants, has potent vasoprotective effects likely related to the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In the current study, we investigated mechanisms underlying the effect of NG on HO-1 expression and high glucose (HG)- or free fatty acids (FFA)-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). First, we found that HUVECs exposed to NG exhibited enhanced HO-1 expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, HUVECs treated with NG exhibited activation of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) and SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) reduced NG-induced HO-1 expression, whereas BIRB796 (a p38 inhibitor) and PD98059 (an ERK inhibitor) had no effect. The cytoprotective effects of NG were correlated with activation of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a critical regulator of HO-1 expression. Indeed, the results of our experiments using LY294002 and SP600125 indicated that NG may stimulate Nrf2 through PI3K/Akt and JNK pathway activation. Moreover, treatment of HUVECs with Nrf2 siRNA decreased NG-induced HO-1 expression. Finally, pretreatment of HUVECs with NG remarkably reduced HG- or FFA-induced cell apoptosis, and this effect was greatly abrogated in the presence of SnPP (an HO-1 inhibitor). Above all, our data show that NG increased HO-1 expression and reduced HG- or FFA-induced cell apoptosis in HUVECs by upregulating PI3K, JNK, and Nrf2 pathways, which may confer an adaptive survival response in diabetes-induced vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Marine Compound 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Protects Skin Cells against Oxidative Damage via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040234. [PMID: 31010200 PMCID: PMC6521005 DOI: 10.3390/md17040234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to illustrate the potential bio-effects of 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3-BDB) on the antioxidant/cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in keratinocytes. The antioxidant effects of 3-BDB were examined via reverse transcription PCR, Western blotting, HO-1 activity assay, and immunocytochemistry. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis was performed to test for nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) binding to the antioxidant response element of the HO-1 promoter. Furthermore, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the cytoprotective effects of 3-BDB were mediated by the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) signaling. Moreover, 3-BDB induced the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt, while inhibitors of ERK and Akt abrogated the 3-BDB-enhanced levels of HO-1 and Nrf2. Finally, 3-BDB protected cells from H2O2- and UVB-induced oxidative damage. This 3-BDB-mediated cytoprotection was suppressed by inhibitors of HO-1, ERK, and Akt. The present results indicate that 3-BDB activated Nrf2 signaling cascades in keratinocytes, which was mediated by ERK and Akt, upregulated HO-1, and induced cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress.
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Martín-Rodríguez P, Guerra B, Hueso-Falcón I, Aranda-Tavío H, Díaz-Chico J, Quintana J, Estévez F, Díaz-Chico B, Amesty A, Estévez-Braun A, Fernández-Pérez L. A Novel Naphthoquinone-Coumarin Hybrid That Inhibits BCR-ABL1-STAT5 Oncogenic Pathway and Reduces Survival in Imatinib-Resistant Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1546. [PMID: 30687103 PMCID: PMC6334626 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL1-STAT5 is an oncogenic signaling pathway in human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and it represents a valid target for anti-CML drug design. Resistance to direct BCR-ABL1 inhibitors is a common clinical issue, so STAT5 inhibition has become an interesting alternative target. In this study, the effects of NPQ-C6, a novel naphtoquinone-coumarin conjugate, were evaluated on human CML-derived K562 cells. Live-Cell Imaging analysis revealed that NPQ-C6 inhibited 2D (IC50AUC = 1.4 ± 0.6 μM) growth of CML cells. NPQ-C6 increased sub-G1 and reduced G0/G1 cell cycle phases in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This effect on cell cycle was related to increased levels of apoptotic nuclei, cleavage of caspase-3, -9, and PARP and annexin V-positive cells. NPQ-C6 increased γH2AX, a double-strand DNA break marker. NPQ-C6 showed a wide range of modulatory effects on cell signaling through an early increased phosphorylation of JNK, P38-MAPK and AKT, and decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, BCR-ABL1, and STAT5. NPQ-C6 inhibited expression of c-MYC and PYM-1, two target gene products of BCR-ABL1/STAT5 signaling pathway. Cytokine-induced activation of STAT5/STAT3-dependent transcriptional and DNA binding activities were also inhibited by NPQ-C6. Notably, NPQ-C6 maintained its activity on BCR-ABL1/STAT5/c-MYC/PIM-1 oncogenic pathway in imatinib-resistant cells. Molecular modeling suggested BCR-ABL1 and JAK2 proteins as NPQ-C6 targets. In summary, our data show a novel multikinase modulator that might be therapeutically effective in BCR-ABL1-STAT5-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martín-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Borja Guerra
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Idaira Hueso-Falcón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Haidee Aranda-Tavío
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Juan Díaz-Chico
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Bonifacio Díaz-Chico
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Angel Amesty
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ana Estévez-Braun
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Leandro Fernández-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
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18
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Huang CH, Chang LC, Hu S, Hsiao CY, Wu SJ. Spilanthol inhibits TNF‑α‑induced ICAM‑1 expression and pro‑inflammatory responses by inducing heme oxygenase‑1 expression and suppressing pJNK in HaCaT keratinocytes. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2987-2994. [PMID: 30015902 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Spilanthol has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, antimicrobial and antinociceptive properties. At present, the literature has reported the beneficial role of spilanthol on tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α)‑stimulated HaCaT cells. The present study investigated the effects of spilanthol on the expression of TNF‑α‑induced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1) and cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2 in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of spilanthol (10‑150 µM) followed by TNF‑α to induce inflammation. Pretreatment with spilanthol decreased TNF‑α‑induced COX‑2 expression by western blotting and suppressed the expression of pro‑inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)‑6, IL‑8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 using ELISA. Spilanthol also decreased the expression of TNF‑α‑induced ICAM‑1 protein and mRNA assay by western blotting and RT‑qPCR, respectively, in addition to the monocyte adhesiveness of HaCaT cells. Furthermore, spilanthol significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), while pretreatment with spilanthol enhanced heme oxygenase (HO)‑1 protein expression by western blotting. These results demonstrated that spilanthol may exert its anti‑inflammatory activity by suppressing the TNF‑α‑induced expression of ICAM‑1, COX‑2 and pro‑inflammatory mediators by enhancing that of HO‑1, and inhibiting the activation of the phosphorylated JNK signaling pathway. It is hypothesized that spilanthol may be a natural anti‑inflammatory drug to attenuate skin inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsun Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Li-Chun Chang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chien-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
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Zhu JJ, Jiang JG. Pharmacological and Nutritional Effects of Natural Coumarins and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1701073. [PMID: 29750855 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are fused benzene and pyrone ring systems with a wide spectrum of bioactivities, including antitumor, anti-inflammation, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. In this paper, the current development of coumarin-based drugs is introduced, and their structure-activity relationship is discussed by reviewing the relevant literature published in the past 20 years. Coumarin molecules can be customized by the target site to prevent systemic side effects by virtue of structural modification. The ortho-phenolic hydroxyl on the benzene ring has remarkable antioxidant and antitumor activities. Coumarins with aryl groups at the C-4 position have good activities in anti-HIV, antitumor, anti-inflammation, and analgesia. C-3 phenylcoumarins have strong anti-HIV and antioxidant effects. Tetracycline pyranocoumarins can significantly inhibit HIV; osthol structural analogues have antimicrobial activity. Praeruptorin C and its derivatives play an important role in lowering blood pressure and dilating coronary arteries, and khellactone derivatives have significant inhibitory effects on AIDS, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. It is concluded that the specific site on the core structure of coumarin exhibits one or more activities due to the electronic or steric effects of the substituents. This review is intended to be conducive to rational design and development of more active and less toxic agents with a coumarin scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhu
- Department of Sugar Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- Department of Sugar Engineering, College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Wahyudi LD, Jeong J, Yang H, Kim JH. Amentoflavone-induced oxidative stress activates NF-E2-related factor 2 via the p38 MAP kinase-AKT pathway in human keratinocytes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 99:100-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Waza AA, Hamid Z, Ali S, Bhat SA, Bhat MA. A review on heme oxygenase-1 induction: is it a necessary evil. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:579-588. [PMID: 29693710 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is considered to be the main protein in diseases arising as a result of oxidative and inflammatory insults. Tremendous research has been carried out on HO-1 since years, pertaining its cytoprotective effect against oxidative injury and other cellular stresses. HO-1, by regulating intracellular levels of pro-oxidant heme, or by other benefits of its by-products such as carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin (BV) had become an important candidate protein to be up-regulated to combat diverse stressful events. Although the beneficial effects of HO-1 induction have been reported in a number of cells and tissues, a growing body of evidence indicates that this increased HO-1 expression may lead to the progression of several diseases such as neurodegeneration, carcinogenesis. But it is not clear, what accounts for the increased expression of HO-1 in cells and tissues. The observed friendly role of HO-1 in a wide range of stress conditions since times is now doubtful. Therefore, more studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of HO-1 in various stressful events. Being more concise, elucidating the effect of HO-1 up-regulation on critical genes involved in particular diseases such as cancer will help to a larger extent to comprehend the exact role of HO-1. This review will assist in understanding the dual role (protective and detrimental) of HO-1 and the signaling pathway involved and will help in unraveling the doubtful role of HO-1 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz Ahmad Waza
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Zeenat Hamid
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sajad Ali
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shabir Ahmad Bhat
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Park EJ, Kim YM, Chang KC. Hemin Reduces HMGB1 Release by UVB in an AMPK/HO-1-dependent Pathway in Human Keratinocytes HaCaT Cells. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:423-431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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