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Konkol M, George EL, Scott PW, Imes CC. Examining Nurses' Perception of Shift Work and Evaluating Supportive Interventions. J Nurs Care Qual 2024; 39:10-17. [PMID: 36917831 DOI: 10.1097/ncq.0000000000000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care requires a delicate equilibrium of nurse health safety and patient safety outcomes. Shift work can disrupt this balance, resulting in poor outcomes for staff and patients. PROBLEM Limited evidence exists on nurses' perceptions of shift work, fatigue countermeasures use, and interest in risk-mitigating interventions. METHODS An online survey of nurses was conducted. Survey questions assessed perceptions of shift work, use of fatigue countermeasures, and potential interventions. RESULTS The participants perceived multiple differences between day and night shifts when asked about their ability to complete both work- and life-oriented tasks. Use of fatigue countermeasures was more common while working night shift. Potential interventions included the use of blackout curtains, an on-site exercise facility, consulting a nutritionist, and block scheduling. CONCLUSIONS Health care leaders should consider nurses' perceptions and interests when incorporating initiatives to mitigate the negative effects of shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Konkol
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Shadyside, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Ms Konkol and Dr George) and University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Drs Scott and Imes)
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Alaska YA, AlYahya B, AlFakhri L, AlHarbi B, Alkattan F, Alhayaza RM. Emergency Medicine Personnel's Preparation, Performance and Perception of Their Night Shifts: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2022; 13:167-175. [PMID: 35228827 PMCID: PMC8881674 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s339063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and habits of different emergency department (ED) workers (nurses, residents, and attending physicians) and their pre- or post-shift routines. The study also examined the effect of night shifts on personal life, social life, and health. PATIENTS AND METHODS An anonymous, online, cross-sectional, multiple-choice, self-rating (5-point Likert scale) survey was administered to the participants. All analyses were performed using the SPSS version 22.0. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RESULTS Thirty-three nurses, 51 residents, and 39 attending physicians participated in the survey (response rates of 21%, 100%, and 100%, respectively). A significant difference was noted in the need to use physical sleeping aids between the three groups (P < 0.003), with more nurses using humidifiers as a sleeping aid (21.2%) than residents or attending physicians. However, there was no difference in the use of pharmacological aids between the three groups. All groups utilized coffee as the preferred stimulant, especially residents (76.5%, P <0.032). Nurses and attending physicians wake up 2 hours before their shift, while residents prefer 3 hours (P <0.001). Attending physicians reported the highest accident rates post-night shifts of 17.9% (P < 0.001). Residents reported satisfaction while working night shifts and were least in agreement with night shifts reducing life span. Attending physicians were more in agreement with the increasing risk of drug/alcohol misuse and the incidence of depression in relation to night shifts. CONCLUSION Participants shared many commonalities, yet residents were less likely to use sleeping aids and enjoy night shifts more than the other groups. All groups consumed coffee for stimulation. Attending physicians reported the highest accident rates post night shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser A Alaska
- Emergency Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader AlYahya
- Emergency Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama AlFakhri
- Emergency Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader AlHarbi
- Emergency Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alkattan
- College of Medicine, AlFaisal university, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zahraie MA, Alaedini F, Payandemehr P, Saadat S, Sotoodehnia M, Bahreini M. The influence of shift work on the psychomotor capabilities of emergency medicine residents. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2021; 2:e12601. [PMID: 34927141 PMCID: PMC8649006 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shift work affects health status of healthcare providers and patients. We assessed the effect of shift work on psychomotor activities of emergency medicine residents of 3 university hospitals. METHODS The participants were enrolled to perform selected psychomotor tests via the Vienna test system (VTS) after written consent. They passed 4 episodes of test performance before and after 2 consecutive day and night clinical shifts of 12 hours. The status of general health, circadian rhythm, sleepiness, smoking habits, and the scores of the cognition test (COG), the determination test (DT), and the visual pursuit test of emergency medicine residents were compared before and after morning and night shifts. RESULTS Overall, 23 residents (34.8% were male) performed tests. The mean (SD) age was 35.7 + 8.5 years. The mean general health and circadian scores before and after day/night shifts were not different. The Stanford sleepiness scale showed higher scores after night shifts. In the cognition test, the sum of correct rejections was higher after day shifts. Moreover, in the DT results, correct responses were more prevalent, the omitted responses were fewer accompanied by better median reaction time after day shifts. The sum of correct rejections of the COG test showed difference in terms of improved results in night tests compared to day-shift tests. The mean reaction time of the DT showed significant difference with shorter reaction time in night-shift tests. The visual pursuit test results were not different between day and night shifts. CONCLUSIONS Sleepiness was higher after night shifts. The results of selected psychomotor tests showed that the psychomotor function of the residents was not delayed or worse after night shifts in comparison to the day shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farshid Alaedini
- Research Center for Health Management in Mass GatheringRed Crescent Society of IranTehranIran
| | - Pooya Payandemehr
- Department of Emergency MedicineSina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Mehran Sotoodehnia
- Department of Emergency MedicineSina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Maryam Bahreini
- Department of Emergency MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Kentab OY, Ibrahim AAA, Soliman KR, Aljahany M, Alresseeni AI, Algarni AS. Exploring the Prevalence and Patterns of Use of Sleep Aids and Stimulants Among Emergency Physicians and EMS Providers in Saudi Arabia. Open Access Emerg Med 2021; 13:343-353. [PMID: 34349569 PMCID: PMC8327294 DOI: 10.2147/oaem.s310324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study explores the prevalence and patterns of the use of pharmacologic sleep aids and stimulants among Saudi Arabia’s emergency physicians (EPs) and emergency medical services (EMS) providers. Patients and Methods We adopted a descriptive, cross-sectional design. To collect data on the types and frequencies of sleep aids and stimulants used, we distributed a semi-structured, anonymous, web-based questionnaire to registered EPs, paramedics, and emergency medicine technicians (EMTs) in the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties. An internal consistency analysis showed good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.667) of the questionnaire. A subscale analysis confirmed the results—alpha values were 0.720 and 0.618 for the use of sleep aids and stimulants, respectively. Results Males and females represented 81.8% and 18.2%, respectively, of the valid sample of 669 participants. Respondents aged 25–34, 35–44, and 45–55 years represented 51.9%, 32.7%, and 10.2% of the sample, respectively. Results showed that a majority of the respondents (67.1%) used stimulants. Caffeine was the most common stimulant; caffeine and energy drinks were used by 65.9% and 17.2% of the respondents, respectively. Caffeine, energy drinks, nicotine, and ephedrine were used by 65.9%, 17.2%, 18.5%, and 17.3% of the respondents, respectively. The respondents who used at least one sleeping aid and those using only one and two sleeping aids accounted for 36.6%, 15.6%, and 9.7%, respectively. The most common sleeping aids antihistamines and marijuana were used on most days by 13.4% and 13.3% of the respondents, respectively. The average monthly number of night shifts (P = 0.025) significantly influenced sleep aid use. Respondents working in night shifts for 3–5 months or more than 7 days were more likely to use sleeping aids. Conclusion Future research should enhance health workers’ knowledge of the efficacy and safety of these medications and guide strategies to organize and reduce night shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Y Kentab
- Emergency Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad AAl Ibrahim
- Emergency Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled R Soliman
- Emergency Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muna Aljahany
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz I Alresseeni
- Emergency Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Algarni
- Emergency Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Lieberman HR, Agarwal S, Caldwell JA, Fulgoni VL. Demographics, sleep, and daily patterns of caffeine intake of shift workers in a nationally representative sample of the US adult population. Sleep 2021; 43:5599823. [PMID: 31628471 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant in the world, and sociodemographic factors including occupation are associated with intake. Shift work, required in various occupations, is associated with poor sleep, inadequate diet, and adverse health effects. Using a large nationally representative database, demographics, sleep, and caffeine intake of US adults working various shifts were assessed. METHODS The 24-hour dietary recall data from NHANES 2005-2010 (N = 8,500) were used to estimate caffeine intake from foods and beverages. Work shifts were self-reported as follows: regular day shift; evening shift; night shift; rotating shift; or other shift. Regression analyses assessed associations of shift work with caffeine intake after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. RESULTS Approximately 74% of employed adults were day-shift workers and 26% were nonday-shift workers. Night-shift workers slept for 6.25 ± 0.09 hours per day, somewhat less than day-shift workers who only slept 6.83 ± 0.02 hours (p < .0001). Mean 24-hour weekday caffeine intake of evening-, night-, and rotating-shift workers (217 ± 23, 184 ± 19, and 206 ± 15 mg, respectively) was similar (p > .3) to day-shift workers (203 ± 5 mg). Regardless of work schedule, individuals consumed the most caffeine during morning hours. Evening- and night-shift workers reported consuming 36%-46% less caffeine during their work hours and 72%-169% more during nonwork hours than day-shift workers (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Total daily caffeine intake of shift workers is similar to nonshift workers; most caffeine is consumed in the morning regardless of shift. Because shift workers consume less caffeine during regular work hours and more during nonwork hours than day workers, they may be using caffeine to, in part, optimize off-duty alertness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harris R Lieberman
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Sanjiv Agarwal
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, USA
| | - John A Caldwell
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, USA
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Grassl N, Nees J, Schramm K, Spratte J, Sohn C, Schott TC, Schott S. A Web-Based Survey Assessing the Attitudes of Health Care Professionals in Germany Toward the Use of Telemedicine in Pregnancy Monitoring: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6:e10063. [PMID: 30089606 PMCID: PMC6105866 DOI: 10.2196/10063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The demand for fetal monitoring and constant reassurance is high in pregnant women. Consequently, pregnant women use various health apps and are more likely to visit emergency departments due to subjective but nonurgent complaints. However, electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) solutions are rarely used to prevent nonurgent emergency consultations. To implement modern care solutions, a better understanding of the attitudes, fears, and hopes of health care professionals toward eHealth and mHealth is needed. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of health care professionals in obstetrics toward telemedicine. Methods A quantitative Web-based survey on health care professionals in obstetrics in Germany was conducted. The participants included nurses, midwives, and physicians of all age groups and job positions working in hospitals that provide various levels of health care. The questionnaire comprised 24 questions about the characteristics of the study population, views about emergency consultations in obstetrics, attitude toward telemedicine, job satisfaction, and sleeping behavior. Results In total, 244 health care professionals participated in the Web-based survey. In general, health care professionals were skeptical (170/233, 72.9%) about the use of telemedicine in obstetrics; however, 55.8% (130/233) recognized its potential. Moreover, 72% (62/86) of physicians were optimistic in using apps for pregnancy monitoring, whereas 36.1% (47/130) of nonphysicians (P<.001) were not. Significantly, more nonphysicians rejected such developments (75/130, 57.7% rejected) compared with physicians (24/86, 28%; P<.001). We also found that obstetricians with more than 10 years of work-experience are more skeptical; however, approximately 49% (18/37) of them believed that telemedicine could reduce nonurgent emergency consultations, whereas 73.2% (106/145) of obstetricians with less than 5 years of experience (P=.01) thought otherwise. Our survey revealed a high job satisfaction and a prevalence of regular sleeping problems of 45.9% (91/198) among health care professionals in obstetrics. Surprisingly, both job satisfaction and sleeping problems were independent from the number of night shifts per month (P=.77 and P=.99, respectively). Yet, 56.6% (112/198) of the survey participants thought they would be happier with their job if they had to work fewer night shifts per month. Conclusions Our study reveals an ambivalent attitude toward the use of telemedicine among health care professionals in obstetrics in Germany at the moment. Efforts to promote the use of telemedicine should focus on nurses and midwives because these groups are the most skeptical. By contrast, particularly young physicians recognize the potential of apps in patient care and would like to use such technology in pregnancy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Grassl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Nees
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Spratte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Sohn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timm C Schott
- Centre of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Schott
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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