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Stocco AV, Medeiros-do-Nascimento R, Messias CT, Santos-Sousa CA, Souza-Junior P, Pissinatti A, Abidu-Figueiredo M. Morphometry, topography and arterial supply of the thyroid gland in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta Zimmermann, 1780). BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 83:e279308. [PMID: 38422276 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.279308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the measures, topography, and vascularization of the thyroid gland in Macaca mulatta, a non-human primate. The study involved the dissection of ten male adult cadavers of Macaca mulatta. The length, width, and thickness of the right lobe of the thyroid were 2.552 ± 0.341, 1.019 ± 0.137, and 0.729 ± 0.137 cm. These measures in the left thyroid lobe were 2.406 ± 0.299, 1.013. ± 0.087, and 0.769 ± 0.083 cm. The study found no significant differences in the measures of the left and right lobes of the thyroid gland in rhesus monkeys. Regarding topography, the thyroid gland was located ventrolateral to the trachea, similar to its position in other mammal species. The cranial pole of the gland was closely related to the cricoid or thyroid cartilage, while the caudal pole showed variable positioning to the tracheal rings. The isthmus, a thin band of tissue connecting the lobes, was present in all specimens. The cranial thyroid artery was found to originate from the external carotid artery in most specimens. It supplied the thyroid gland and sent branches to muscles in the neck region. The caudal thyroid artery, originating from the common carotid artery, provides additional blood supply to the gland and sends a branch to the esophagus. This research contributes to knowledge about the thyroid gland in non-human primates, specifically Macaca mulatta. The findings provide critical information for comparative studies and understanding the thyroid gland's role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Stocco
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Departamento de Anatomia Animal e Humana, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - R Medeiros-do-Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Departamento de Anatomia Animal e Humana, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - C T Messias
- Universidade Federal do Acre - UFAC, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil
| | - C A Santos-Sousa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Unaí, MG, Brasil
| | - P Souza-Junior
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Uruguaiana, RS, Brasil
| | - A Pissinatti
- Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro - CPRJ, Instituto Estadual do Ambiente, Guapimirim, RJ, Brasil
| | - M Abidu-Figueiredo
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Departamento de Anatomia Animal e Humana, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
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Ostrowski P, Bonczar M, Iwanaga J, Michalczak M, Dziedzic M, Del Carmen Yika A, Gil A, Sporek M, Szczepanek E, Niemczyk K, Walocha J, Koziej M. The prevalence and anatomy of the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland: A meta-analysis with implications for thyroid surgery. Clin Anat 2023; 36:937-945. [PMID: 37245093 DOI: 10.1002/ca.24062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The pyramidal lobe (PL), also known as the third lobe of the thyroid gland or lobe of Lalouette is an embryological remnant of the caudal end of the thyroglossal tract. The following meta-analysis aims to provide a detailed analysis of the anatomical variations of the PL using the available data in the literature. Major online medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched in order to find all studies considering the prevalence and anatomy of the PL of the thyroid gland. Finally, a total of 24 studies that met the required criteria and contained complete and relevant data were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of the PL was found to be 42.82% (95% CI: 35.90%-49.89%). An analysis showed that the mean length was 23.09 mm (SE: 0.56). The mean width was found to be 10.59 mm (SE: 0.77). The pooled prevalence of the PL originating from the left lobe (LL) was established at 40.10% (95% CI: 28.83%-51.92%). In conclusion, we believe that this is the most accurate and up-to-date study regarding the complete surgical anatomy of the PL. The PL was prevalent in 42.82% of the cases, being slightly more prevalent in males (40.35%) than females (37.43%). The mean length and width of the PL were 23.09 mm and 10.59 mm, respectively. Our results should be taken into consideration when performing procedures on the thyroid gland, such as thyroidectomies. The presence of the PL can affect the completeness of this procedure and lead to postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Ostrowski
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Youthoria, Youth Research Organization, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Bonczar
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Youthoria, Youth Research Organization, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mateusz Michalczak
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martyna Dziedzic
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Youthoria, Youth Research Organization, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Anna Gil
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Sporek
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Szczepanek
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School in Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Niemczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Walocha
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Youthoria, Youth Research Organization, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Koziej
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Youthoria, Youth Research Organization, Kraków, Poland
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Stewart KA, Navarro SM, Kambala S, Tan G, Poondla R, Lederman S, Barbour K, Lavy C. Trends in Ultrasound Use in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Int J MCH AIDS 2020; 9:103-120. [PMID: 32123634 PMCID: PMC7031872 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on recent trends regarding the impact and cost-benefits of ultrasound in resource-constrained settings is limited. This study presents a systematic review to determine recent trends in the utility and applicability of ultrasound use in low and middle income countries (LMIC). The review includes characterizing and evaluating trends in (1) the geographic and specialty specific use of ultrasound in LMICs, (2) the innovative applications and the accompanying research findings, and (3) the development of associated educational and training programs. METHODS The electronic databases Medline OVID, EMBASE, and Cochrane were searched from 2010 to 2018 for studies available in English, French, and Spanish. Commentaries, opinion articles, reviews and book chapters were excluded. Two categories were created, one for reported applications of ultrasound use in LMICs and another for novel ultrasound studies. RESULTS A total of 6,276 articles were identified and screened, 4,563 studies were included for final review. 287 studies contained original or novel applications of ultrasound use in LMICs. Nearly 70% of studies involved ultrasound usage originating from Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the latter being the region with the highest number of innovative ultrasound use. Educational studies, global collaborations, and funded studies were a substantial subset of overall ultrasound research. Our findings are limited by the lack of higher quality evidence and limited number of randomized clinical trials reported. CONCLUSION AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPLICATIONS Our systematic literature review of ultrasound use in LMICs demonstrates the growing utilization of this relatively low-cost, portable imaging technology in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A. Stewart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Sergio M. Navarro
- Said Business School, Oxford, UK
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sriharsha Kambala
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gail Tan
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Revanth Poondla
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sara Lederman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Kelli Barbour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chris Lavy
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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