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Yang Z, Ma C, Gu J, Wu Y, Zhu C, Li L, Gao H, Yin W, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Shang Y, Wang C, Chen G. SERS Detection of Benzoic Acid in Milk by Using Ag-COF SERS Substrate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120534. [PMID: 34776376 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzoic acid, which has a pivotal role in food additive, is prohibited to add as a preservative in dairy products. China, Brazil, and other countries have proposed standard methods to detect the addition of benzoic acid in food. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an upcoming spectral detection technique, which has been widely used in the field of material analysis with the advantages of non-invasive, fast detection speed and complex environment with little interference. To detect the illegal use of benzoic acid in dairy industry, we developed Ag-COF (covalent-organic framework) material as SERS substrate to detect benzoic acid in liquid milk. The great enhancement ability of Ag-COF substrate is controlled by the addition of acetic acid and complex interplay between COF material and benzoic acid. This detection method has high sensitivity and reliability that allows us to achieve limit of detection (LOD) of 0.13 μg/mL in milk and 0.00372 μg/mL in water by applying this method. In experiment on recovery rate of real samples, the detection time is less than 15 minutes and the relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 2.82% to 5.69%. Therefore, this method has practical significance of the detection of benzoic acid in dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Yang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiao Gu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Yamin Wu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Chun Zhu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenzhi Yin
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Yunpeng Shang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology, Wuxi, China.
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Hanif M, Shah S, Rasool N, Abbas G, Saadullah M, Khan SM, Ahmed MM, Abbas N, Ashfaq M, Iqbal O. Sodium alginate and pectin estimation in raft forming pharmaceuticals by high performance liquid chromatography method. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2020.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the combined estimation of sodium alginate and pectin in raft forming pharmaceuticals on C18 column ZORBAX ODS (1.5 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with UV detection at 378 nm. The assay condition comprised of phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and methanol 60:40% v/v at a flow rate of 1.25 mL/min. The separation of sodium alginate and pectin with good resolution and a retention time less than 8 min was attained. The method was linear over a range of 200–800 μg/mL of sodium alginate and pectin. The regression values obtained from linearity curve of sodium alginate and pectin were 0.9993 and 0.9991, respectively. The retention time of sodium alginate and pectin was 3.931 and 7.470 min, respectively. The percent recovery of sodium alginate and pectin ranged from 94.2–98.5% and 92.1–98.4% respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of sodium alginate were found to be 2.443 and 3.129 μg/mL and the LOD and LOQ of pectin were 3.126 and 3.785 μg/mL, respectively. The resolution of sodium alginate and pectin was found in the range of 1.03–1.89 and 1.10–1.91, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to analyze the concentrations of sodium alginate and pectin in raft forming drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hanif
- 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Shah
- 2Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- 3Department of Chemistry Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- 4Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Saadullah
- 5Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Mehmood Khan
- 6Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicines, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Nazar Abbas
- 4Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehran Ashfaq
- 4Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Omeira Iqbal
- 4Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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