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De Pasquale C, Morando M, Platania S, Sciacca F, Hichy Z, Di Nuovo S, Quattropani MC. The Roles of Anxiety and Self-Esteem in the Risk of Eating Disorders and Compulsive Buying Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16245. [PMID: 36498319 PMCID: PMC9735669 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In contemporary society, following the sudden changes that occur, different forms of addiction are becoming popular. Of note are the new addictions and concepts of poly-dependencies that involve common behaviors and trap people who suffering from them in a vicious circle. The main goal of this study is to investigate the possible mediating role that self-esteem had between trait anxiety and two specific new addictions: compulsive buying behavior and eating disorders. Furthermore, it was verified through a multigroup analysis that trait anxiety had a greater effect on eating disorders in a group of compulsive consumers. Three-hundred and fifty-two participants (67.9% women) were enrolled to participate in this study. The results showed that there was a direct effect of trait anxiety on eating disorders and on compulsive buying behavior; self-esteem mediated the effect of trait anxiety on eating disorders and compulsive buying behavior with specific differences; multi-group analysis showed differences in anxiety's effect on eating disorders between compulsive and non-compulsive consumers; the group of compulsive consumers revealed a significant and stronger effect of trait anxiety on eating disorders in all domains identified. Further research is recommended to better understand the predictors of these disorders and to contribute to a more effective preventive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta De Pasquale
- Section Philosophy and Social Sciences, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Morando
- Section Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Silvia Platania
- Section Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Sciacca
- Section Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Zira Hichy
- Section Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Santo Di Nuovo
- Section Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Catena Quattropani
- Section Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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Chen S, Zhi K, Chen Y. How active and passive social media use affects impulse buying in Chinese college students? The roles of emotional responses, gender, materialism and self-control. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1011337. [PMID: 36248456 PMCID: PMC9561945 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1011337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media plays a vital role in consumers’ purchasing decision making. There are still gaps in existing research on the relationship between divided dimensions of social media use and impulse buying, as well as the mediating and moderating effects therein. This study explored the mediation and moderation effects in the relationship between different social media usage patterns, emotional responses, and consumer impulse buying. Data from 479 college students who were social media users in China were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that active and passive social media use were significantly and positively associated with users’ enjoyment, whereas passive social media use significantly increased depression. Both enjoyment and depression were significantly and positively associated with users’ impulse buying. Materialism positively moderated the relationship between enjoyment and impulsive consumption, while self-control significantly reduced the effect of depression on impulse buying. These findings that emotion mediated and personality traits moderated relationships between social media use and impulse buying expand impulsive purchase literature and provide insights for guiding college students’ healthy use of social media and rational consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- School of Business and Administration, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kuiyun Zhi
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Kuiyun Zhi,
| | - Yongjin Chen
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Otero-López JM. What Do We Know When We Know a Compulsive Buying Person? Looking at Now and Ahead. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11232. [PMID: 36141505 PMCID: PMC9517249 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, research has seamlessly confirmed the marked multicausal nature of compulsive buying, since variables from different realms (e.g., family, social, and contextual domains) have demonstrated their explanatory capacity. However, it has been personality variables that have, to a greater extent, aroused the interest of researchers, leading to what is now a cumbersome richness of personal constructs of different nature that seem to require some arrangement under integrative frameworks. The proposal by McAdams under the suggestive title of "What do we know when we know a person?" is, in this regard, especially attractive and thought-provoking. McAdams approaches us to the person as a whole by establishing three differentiated levels (dispositional traits, personal concerns or characteristics adaptations, life story), and it will be precisely these levels that will become the structure we will use to address the state of the art on compulsive buyers. The location of the multiple personal variables analyzed at each of the levels with a common grammar will allow us to identify what it is known, as well as what remains to be done in each space. Lastly, suggestions for the future are given, with particular emphasis on advancing our understanding of the person from each of the academic vantage points but also the suitability of designing studies that integrate and/or build bridges between dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations, and life narratives. The hope is that research in the coming years satisfactorily integrates the different visions of the person to achieve a more comprehensive, nuanced portrait of a person with compulsive buying problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Otero-López
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, C/Xosé María Suárez Núñez, s/n, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Wegmann E, Antons S, Brand M. The experience of gratification and compensation in addictive behaviors: How can these experiences be measured systematically within and across disorders due to addictive behaviors? Compr Psychiatry 2022; 117:152336. [PMID: 35843138 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beyond gaming disorder and gambling disorder, pornography-use disorder, buying-shopping disorder, and social-networksuse disorders are discussed as further disorders due to addictive behaviors. For addictive behaviors, it is assumed that the experience of gratification and the experience of compensation due to the specific behavior represent reinforcing processes involved in the development and maintenance of the problematic behaviors. We aimed to develop two questionnaires that capture the experienced gratification and experienced compensation while using online activities. We additionally assume significant relationships with further addiction-related constructs such as symptom severity, use expectancies, and craving experiences. METHODS We conducted three studies for the development of the "Experience of Gratification Scale" (EGS) and the "Experience of Compensation Scale" (ECS). In each study, participants answered the questionnaires modified for their preferred online activity (gaming, gambling, buying-shopping, social-networks use, pornography use). Additional questionnaires were used, assessing further addiction-related constructs. RESULTS The results of the gradual approach by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated for both scales a two-factor solution resulting in "gratification of needs" and "experience of pleasure" for the EGS, and "compensation of needs" and "experience of relief from negative feelings" for the ECS. The factors were significantly correlated with each other as well as with craving experiences, use expectancies, and symptom severity. Moreover, we found significant differences in the experienced gratification and experienced compensation for specific online behaviors. CONCLUSION The theoretically plausible specific factors for experienced gratification and experienced compensation could be identified and were related to constructs considered important in addictive online behaviors. Further studies should investigate the relevance of these constructs for different types of addictive behaviors, but also within the addiction process addressing specific needs and motives as well as further positive and negative reinforcement mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Wegmann
- Department of General Psychology, Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Antons
- Department of General Psychology, Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany; Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Brand
- Department of General Psychology, Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany; Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany.
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Ye J, Lam SC, He H. The Prevalence of Compulsive Buying and Hoarding Behaviours in Emerging, Early, and Middle Adulthood: Multicentre Epidemiological Analysis of Non-clinical Chinese Samples. Front Psychol 2021; 12:568041. [PMID: 34955937 PMCID: PMC8696278 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.568041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioural addictions, such as compulsive buying (CB) and hoarding, are increasingly recognised in the current psychiatric nosology, particularly in developed countries. The prevalence of these disorders may not be static but possibly altered across different age groups. However, studies on this area are rare, and only few have focused on Chinese population. This epidemiological study employs population-based cross-sectional design and collects data in two regions, i.e., Hong Kong and Mainland China. A self-reported questionnaire is constructed based on carefully validated Chinese versions of Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale and Hoarding Rating Scale. A total of 2,439 valid samples are collected and divided into three age groups, i.e., emerging, early and middle adulthood. CB and hoarding behaviours have displayed an inverted u-shaped pattern across the above age groups. In addition, the strength of correlation between the two compulsive behaviours is consistent and maintained across different age groups. These results suggest that the compulsive behaviours vary among different stages of adulthood in major cities in China. This newly discovered pattern of compulsive disorders in Chinese population is different from those in American and European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Ye
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Ching Lam
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heping He
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Lau EYY, Hui CH, Lam J, Cheung SF, Cheung SH. Temporal relationships of forgivingness with personality and moods: A three-wave panel study. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Exploring the Roles of Daily Spiritual Experiences, Self-Efficacy, and Gender in Shopping Addiction: A Moderated Mediation Model. RELIGIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rel12050355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although spirituality has been considered a protective factor against shopping addiction, the mechanisms involved in this relationship are still poorly recognized. The present study aims to test the association of daily spiritual experiences, self-efficacy, and gender with shopping addiction. The sample consisted of 430 young adults (275 women and 155 men), with a mean age of 20.44 (SD = 1.70). The Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale were used to measure the study variables. The results showed that: (1) Daily spiritual experiences had a direct negative effect on shopping addiction; (2) daily spiritual experiences were positively related to self-efficacy, thought the effect was moderated by gender; (3) self-efficacy negatively correlated with a shopping addiction; and (4) the indirect effect of daily spiritual experiences on shopping addiction through self-efficacy was significant for women but insignificant for men. The findings confirm that spirituality protects young adults against developing a shopping addiction. They also suggest that when introducing spiritual issues into shopping addiction prevention or treatment programs, the gender-specific effects of spirituality on shopping addiction via self-efficacy should be considered to adequately utilize young women’s and men’s spiritual resources.
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Wang T, Zhou Y, Fu J, Chen M, Luo Y. Level of depression, anxiety and stress in patients with intrauterine adhesions in Hunan Province, China: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229832. [PMID: 32160227 PMCID: PMC7065792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of intrauterine adhesions has been increasing in recent years, seriously affecting women’s health. This study aimed to investigate the psychological status and identify risk factors associated with high psychological distress in patients with intrauterine adhesions. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hunan Province, China. A total of 258 patients who presented with intrauterine adhesions between February and May 2018 were included. Data were collected by a questionnaire packet that included the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Medical Coping Mode Questionnaire, and demographic and clinical information. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear stepwise regression were employed in this study. Results Among 258 participants, the detection rates of mild depression and moderate to extremely severe depression were 10.1% and 10.5%, respectively; the detection rates of mild anxiety and moderate to extremely severe anxiety were 11.2% and 20.2%, respectively; the detection rates of mild stress and moderate to extremely severe stress were 9.3% and 10.2%, respectively. Avoidance and resignation coping were positively correlated with the overall scores of general distress which represents the total scores of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (r = 0.171, 0.475, P < 0.01). Multiple linear stepwise regression results showed that husband-wife relationships and avoidance and resignation coping strategies were the main factors predicting general distress levels. Conclusions Patients with intrauterine adhesions have psychological distress in a certain extent. Target interventions should be taken to improve the mental health level of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Departmnt of Nursing, The People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhui Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingxia Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingzhu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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Brooks SJ, Wiemerslage L, Burch KH, Maiorana SA, Cocolas E, Schiöth HB, Kamaloodien K, Stein DJ. The impact of cognitive training in substance use disorder: the effect of working memory training on impulse control in methamphetamine users. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1911-1921. [PMID: 28324119 PMCID: PMC5486910 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impulsivity is a vulnerability trait for poor self-regulation in substance use disorder (SUD). Working memory (WM) training improves impulsivity and self-regulation in psychiatric disorders. Here we test WM training in methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). METHODS There are 15 MUD patients receiving inpatient treatment as usual (TAU) and 20 who additionally completed WM cognitive training (CT) and 25 healthy controls (HC). MANCOVA repeated measures analyses examined changes in impulsivity and self-regulation at baseline and after 4 weeks. RESULTS Post hoc t tests confirmed that at baseline, feelings of self-control were significantly lower in the MUD (t = 2.001, p = 0.05) and depression was higher (t = 4.980, p = 0.001), as was BIS total impulsivity (t = 5.370, p = 0.001) compared to the HC group. Total self-regulation score was higher in HC than MUD patients (t = 5.370, p = 0.001). CT had a 35% learning rate (R 2 = 0.3523, p < 0.05). Compared to follow-up TAU, follow-up CT group had higher self-reported mood scores (t = 2.784, p = 0.01) and higher compared to CT baseline (t = 2.386, p = 0.036). Feelings of self-control were higher in CT than TAU at follow-up (t = 2.736, p = 0.012) and also compared to CT baseline (t = 3.390, p = 0.006), lack of planning significantly improved in CT between baseline and follow-up (t = 2.219, p = 0.048), as did total impulsivity scores (t = 2.085, p = 0.048). Measures of self-regulation were improved in the CT group compared to TAU at follow-up, in total score (t = 2.442, p = 0.038), receiving score (t = 2.314, p = 0.029) and searching score (t = 2.362, p = 0.027). Implementing self-regulation was higher in the CT group compared to TAU (t = 2.373, p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS WM training may improve control of impulsivity and self-regulation in people with MUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. Brooks
- 0000 0004 0635 1506grid.413335.3UCT Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa ,0000 0004 1936 9457grid.8993.bDepartment of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Wiemerslage
- 0000 0004 1936 9457grid.8993.bDepartment of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - KH Burch
- 0000 0004 0635 1506grid.413335.3UCT Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa ,0000 0004 1936 8868grid.4563.4Department of Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - SA Maiorana
- 0000 0004 0635 1506grid.413335.3UCT Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa ,UCT Department of Psychology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - E Cocolas
- 0000 0004 0635 1506grid.413335.3UCT Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - HB Schiöth
- 0000 0004 1936 9457grid.8993.bDepartment of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Kamaloodien
- 0000 0001 2156 8226grid.8974.2Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - DJ Stein
- 0000 0004 0635 1506grid.413335.3UCT Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa ,MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
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Jiang Z, Shi M. Prevalence and co-occurrence of compulsive buying, problematic Internet and mobile phone use in college students in Yantai, China: relevance of self-traits. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1211. [PMID: 27905905 PMCID: PMC5131526 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until now, most research in the prevalence of compulsive buying (CB) has been developed from samples in western developed countries, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and co-morbidities of CB, problematic Internet use (PIU) and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) in college students in Yantai, China. Moreover, based on the lack of research focusing on differences between CB and addiction, we will explore whether CB and PIU/PMPU individuals are characterized by the same self-traits (i. e., self-control, self-esteem and self-efficacy) related profile. METHODS A total of 601 college students were involved in this cross-sectional study. Compulsive buying, problematic Internet and mobile phone use and self-traits were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. The demographic information and use characteristics were included in the questionnaires. RESULTS The incidence of CB, PIU and PMPU were 5.99, 27.8 and 8.99% respectively. In addition, compared with rural students, students from cities are more likely to get involved in CB. Students using mobile phone to surf the Internet displayed higher risk of PIU than counterparts using computer. Students using Internet or mobile phone longer are more prone to problematic use. Furthermore, we found the strong correlations and high co-morbidities of CB, PIU and PMPU and self-control was the most significant predictor for all three disorders. However, self-esteem and self-efficacy were significant predictors only for CB. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that with the prevalence of CB and PMPU roughly equivalent to that demonstrated in previous studies, PIU in Chinese college students is serious and deserves more attention. Furthermore, besides the impulsive aspect common with addiction, CB is also driven by painful self-awareness derived from low self-regard which implies the obsessive-compulsive aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocai Jiang
- Department of Psychology, School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Hongqi Middle Road 186, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264025 China
| | - Mingyan Shi
- Department of Psychology, School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Hongqi Middle Road 186, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264025 China
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