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Mohammadian E, Rahimpour E, Foroumadi A, Alizadeh-Sani M, Hasanvand Z, Jouyban A. Derivatization of γ-Amino Butyric Acid Analogues for Their Determination in the Biological Samples and Pharmaceutical Preparations: A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1727-1754. [PMID: 34096806 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1916733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in regulating neuronal excitability. Four structurally related drugs to GABA including pregabalin (PGB), gabapentin (GBP), vigabatrin (VGB), and baclofen are used for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. These drugs are small aliphatic molecules having neither fluorescent nor strong absorbance in the ultraviolet/visible region; therefore, direct determination of these analytes by optical methods is difficult. Additionally, their high boiling point makes gas chromatography impossible. Accordingly, the amine or acid moiety in these drugs is derivatized in order to improve their selectivity and sensitivity during determination in the biological samples. This review focuses on derivatization based methods and their different reactions for determination of PGB, GBP, VGB, and baclofen in the biological samples and pharmaceutical preparations reported between 1980 and 2020. High-performance liquid chromatography methods coupled with different detectors are a commonly used methods for determination of GABA analogs after derivatization. These methods cover 38.89% of all developed methods for determination of GABA analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Mohammadian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rahimpour
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh-Sani
- Student's Scientific Research Center, Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zaman Hasanvand
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Elagawany M, Farid NF, Elgendy B, Abdelmomen EH, Abdelwahab NS. Baclofen impurities: Facile synthesis and novel environmentally benign chromatographic method for their simultaneous determination in baclofen. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4579. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elagawany
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyDamanhour University Damanhour Egypt
- Center for Clinical PharmacologyWashington University School of Medicine and St. Louis College of Pharmacy St Louis MO USA
| | - Nehal F. Farid
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyBeni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - Bahaa Elgendy
- Center for Clinical PharmacologyWashington University School of Medicine and St. Louis College of Pharmacy St Louis MO USA
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceBenha University Benha Egypt
| | - Esraa H. Abdelmomen
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyNahda University (NUB) Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - Nada S. Abdelwahab
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyBeni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyNahda University (NUB) Beni‐Suef Egypt
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El-Yazbi AF, Guirguis KM, Bedair MM, Belal TS. Simple mix-and-read assays for the determination of baclofen in pharmaceutical formulation. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01854. [PMID: 31198873 PMCID: PMC6556838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates three simple and inexpensive spectrophotometric mix-and-read assays for the determination of the skeletal muscle relaxant, baclofen (BAC) in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed methods are based on the reaction of the primary amine group of BAC with various derivatizing reagents to yield different colored products. Method I depends on the reaction of BAC with vanillin in borate buffer pH 11.5 to give a yellow colored product with maximum absorbance at 401 nm. While method II describes the reaction with eosin Y in citric-phosphate buffer pH 2.2 forming an orange-red product measured at 548 nm. Method III depends on Hantzsch condensation reaction that yields a yellow product measured at 339 nm. Different experimental variables influencing development and stability of the obtained colored product are optimized. Validation of the three methods regarding linearity, ranges, precision, accuracy and limits of detection and quantification was performed. Regression analysis showed good linearity over the concentration ranges of 10-35, 5-20 and 5-25 μg/mL for methods I, II and III, respectively with correlation coefficient values not less than 0.999. Additionally, detection limits of BAC are 1.58, 0.94 and 0.79 μg/mL for methods I, II and III, respectively. Finally, the suggested procedures are successfully used for assay of BAC in its tablets. The main advantages of the proposed mix-and-read assays are being inexpensive and rapid with no requirement for laborious extraction techniques with equivalent or superior sensitivity compared to other published spectrophotometric procedures. Such advantages promote the suggested methods for the high throughput assay of BAC dosage forms, a critical component in quality control studies for pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira F. El-Yazbi
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Elmessalah, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Karin M. Guirguis
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Canal El-Mahmoudia Street, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona M. Bedair
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Elmessalah, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek S. Belal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Elmessalah, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
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Zeid AM, Kaji N, Nasr JJM, Belal F, Walash MI, Baba Y. Determination of baclofen and vigabatrin by microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection: application of field-enhanced sample stacking and dynamic pH junction. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel microchip gel electrophoretic method for the assay of baclofen and vigabatrin for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M. Zeid
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Noritada Kaji
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Jenny Jeehan M. Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Mansoura University
- Mansoura
- Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Mansoura University
- Mansoura
- Egypt
| | - Mohamed I. Walash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Mansoura University
- Mansoura
- Egypt
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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Labat L, Goncalves A, Marques AR, Duretz B, Granger B, Declèves X. Liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry for the determination of baclofen and its metabolites in plasma: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Labat
- Biologie du Médicament et Toxicologie; Groupe Cochin (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris); France
- Inserm UMR - S1144 Universités (Paris Descartes - Paris Diderot); France
| | - Antonio Goncalves
- Biologie du Médicament et Toxicologie; Groupe Cochin (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris); France
| | - Ana Rita Marques
- Biologie du Médicament et Toxicologie; Groupe Cochin (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris); France
| | | | - Bernard Granger
- Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Tarnier; Groupe Cochin (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris); France
| | - Xavier Declèves
- Biologie du Médicament et Toxicologie; Groupe Cochin (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris); France
- Inserm UMR - S1144 Universités (Paris Descartes - Paris Diderot); France
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Batra S, Bhushan R. Enantioresolution of (RS)-baclofen by liquid chromatography: A review. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Batra
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences; GD Goenka University; Gurgaon India
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee India
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Labat L, Goncalves A, Cleophax C, Megarbane B, Decleves X. Dosage du baclofène dans le plasma en chromatographie phase liquide couplée à de la spectrométrie de masse en tandem : à propos d’un cas de surdosage. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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